The object is a mass of small shipwreck debris that has been concreted together by sediment and marine growth. It was retrieved from the wreck-site of the SCHOMBERG, which ran aground near the mouth of the Curdies River near Peterborough in 1855. The conglomerate of preserved wood impressions, rusted metal pieces, a small square of copper alloy, and black glass-like stones, presents too disjointed a collection to provide information on their purpose or function on the ship. The natural and gradual process of limestone accretion is a significant feature of the wreck-site, which was rediscovered by fishermen and skindivers in 1973. In his book “Exploring Shipwrecks of Western Victoria”, experienced diver and former director at Flagstaff Hill, Peter Ronald writes that the SCHOMBERG’s “triple layered wooden hull has disintegrated almost without trace…The turbulent shallow waters have promoted particularly heavy marine growth which tend to disguise the wreckage…the most prominent feature being a corroded mass of railway iron…Close inspection reveals small artefacts firmly embedded in the marine concretion which…is quite literally as hard as iron”. The huge oblong mass of concretion that now distinguishes the site covers the remains of this heavy cargo. A contemporary account of the SCHOMBERG’s fate (told by two of her passengers to the Melbourne Argus) alleges the ship “was overloaded, drawing over 25 feet when she left, and the cargo was chiefly iron and plant for the Geelong Railway”. The SCHOMBERG was a 2,000 ton clipper ship, specifically designed for the Australian immigration trade (back-loading wool for Britain’s mills), and constructed in Hall’s shipyard in Aberdeen, Scotland. She was owned by the Black Ball Line and launched in 1855. Alexander Hall & Son were renowned builders of sleek and fast 1,000 ton clippers for the China trade (opium in, tea out) and were keen to show they could also outclass the big North American ships built by Donald Mackay. Consequently the SCHOMBERG was ‘overbuilt’. Her hull featured five ‘skins’ of Scotch Larch and Pitch Pine overlaying each other in a diagonal pattern against a stout frame of British Oak. Oak has been favoured by builders of wooden ships for centuries. Its close, dense grain made it harder to work, but also gave it great strength and durability. In addition, the lateral spread of its branches supplied a natural curvature for the ribs of a vessel’s hull, as well as providing the small corner or curved pieces (‘knees’ and ‘elbows’) that fit them together. The shape and texture of this wood sample suggests a dense hardwood like Oak. The timber has been cut off at one end since its recovery from the sea, exposing a smooth and almost shiny surface. Seasoned English Oak has a similar light brown colour and tight grained finish. At the launch the SCHOMBERG’s 34 year old master, Captain ‘Bully’ Forbes, had promised Melbourne in 60 days, "with or without the help of God." James Nicol Forbes was born in Aberdeen in 1821 and rose to fame with his record-breaking voyages on the famous Black Ball Line ships; MARCO POLO and LIGHTNING. In 1852 in the MARCO POLO he made the record passage from London to Melbourne in 68 days. There were 53 deaths on the voyage but the great news was of the record passage by the master. In 1954 Captain Forbes took the clipper LIGHTNING to Melbourne in 76 days and back in 63 days, this was never beaten by a sailing ship. He often drove his crew and ship to breaking point to beat his own records. He cared little for the comfort of the passengers. On this, the SCHOMBERG’s maiden voyage, he was going to break records. SCHOMBERG departed Liverpool on her maiden voyage on 6 October 1855 flying the sign “Sixty Days to Melbourne”. She departed with 430 passengers and 3000 tons cargo including iron rails and equipment intended to build the Melbourne to Geelong Railway and a bridge over the Yarra from Melbourne to Hawthorn. She also carried a cow for fresh milk, pens for fowls and pigs, 90,000 gallons of water for washing and drinking. It also carried 17,000 letters and 31,800 newspapers. The ship and cargo was insured for $300,000, a fortune for the time. The winds were poor as she sailed across the equator, slowing SCHOMBERG’s journey considerably. Land was first sighted on Christmas Day, at Cape Bridgewater near Portland, and Captain Forbes followed the coastline towards Melbourne. Forbes was said to be playing cards when called by the Third Mate Henry Keen, who reported land about 3 miles off, Due in large part to the captain's regarding a card game as more important than his ship, it eventually ran aground on a sand spit near Curdie's Inlet (about 56 km west of Cape Otway) on 26 December 1855, 78 days after leaving Liverpool. The sand spit and the currents were not marked on Forbes’s map. Overnight, the crew launched a lifeboat to find a safe place to land the ship’s passengers. The scouting party returned to SCHOMBERG and advised Forbes that it was best to wait until morning because the rough seas could easily overturn the small lifeboats. The ship’s Chief Officer spotted SS QUEEN at dawn and signalled the steamer. The master of the SS QUEEN approached the stranded vessel and all of SCHOMBERG’s passengers and crew were able to disembark safely. The SCHOMBERG was lost and with her, Forbes’ reputation. The Black Ball Line’s Melbourne agent sent a steamer to retrieve the passengers’ baggage from the SCHOMBERG. Other steamers helped unload her cargo until the weather changed and prevented the salvage teams from accessing the ship. Later one plunderer found a case of Wellington boots, but alas, all were for the left foot! Local merchants Manifold & Bostock bought the wreck and cargo, but did not attempt to salvage the cargo still on board the ship. They eventually sold it on to a Melbourne businessman and two seafarers. In 1864 after two of the men drowned when they tried to reach SCHOMBERG, salvage efforts were abandoned. Parts of the SCHOMBERG were washed ashore on the south island of New Zealand in 1870, nearly 15 years after the wreck. The wreck now lies in almost 9 metres of water. Although the woodwork is mostly disintegrated the shape of the ship can still be seen due to the remaining railway irons, girders and the ship’s frame. A variety of goods and materials can be seen scattered about nearby. Flagstaff Hill holds many items salvaged from the SCHOMBERG including a ciborium (in which a diamond ring was concealed), communion set, ship fittings and equipment, personal effects, a lithograph, tickets and photograph from the SCHOMBERG. One of the SCHOMBERG bells is in the Warrnambool Library. This object is listed on the Shipwreck Artefact Register, No S/49, and is significant because of its association with the ship SCHOMBERG. The SCHOMBERG collection as a whole is of historical and archaeological significance at a State level, listed on the Victorian Heritage Register VHR S612. Flagstaff Hill’s collection of artefacts from the SCHOMBERG is significant for its association with the Victorian Heritage Registered shipwreck. The collection is primarily significant because of the relationship between the objects, as together they have a high potential to interpret the story of the SCHOMBERG. The SCHOMBERG collection is archaeologically significant as the remains of an international passenger ship. The shipwreck collection is historically significant for representing aspects of Victoria’s shipping history and its potential to interpret sub-theme 1.5 of Victoria’s Framework of Historical Themes (living with natural processes). The collection is also historically significant for its association with the shipwreck and the ship, which was designed to be fastest and most luxurious of its day. The SCHOMBERG collection meets the following criteria for assessment: Criterion A: Importance to the course, or pattern, of Victoria’s cultural history. Criterion B: Possession of uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of Victoria’s cultural history. Criterion C: Potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of Victoria’s cultural history. The object is an aggregate of limestone sediment that formed at the wreck-site of the SCHOMBERG (1855). It is an irregularly shaped conglomerate of sand, shell-grit and marine worm casings from the ocean floor, but also incorporates an assortment of manufactured metal pieces and pipe fittings (corroded with red rust), a small rectangular piece of copper sheet, some ‘petrified’ wood remains (hardened and a soft brown colour), and pieces of black shiny stone (roughly cube shaped and possibly glass or porcelain remnants). There is an impression left in the stone of a joist or plank end but the original timber that the sediment formed around has since been dispersed by the sea.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, schomberg, shipwreck timber, alexander hall and son, shipwreck debris, black ball line, 1855 shipwreck, aberdeen clipper ship, captain forbes, peterborough shipwreck, ss queen

This set produced by the Victorian Department of Natural Resources and Environ met and Aboriginal Affairs Victoria. Mini poster 1: Aboriginal scarred trees; 2 Aboriginal mounds; [3 missing]; 4 Aboriginal flaked stone tools; 5 Aboriginal burials; 6 Aboriginal surface scatters; [7 missing]; 8 Aboriginal ground-edge axes; 9 Aboriginal grinding stones; 10 Aboriginal stone arrangements; [11 missing]; 12 Aboriginal axe-grinding grooves; 13 Aboriginal coastal shell middens; 14 Aboriginal rock art.11 parts of incomplete set, each two sided, text and photographsaborigines - victoria, aboriginal affairs victoria

Portrait of Peter Galbraith. Short hair trimmed beard buttoned coat. Peter Galbraith Share - Broker and Mining investor. Francis Watkins established his Monumental works in Stawell in 1864. Francis was impressed with the immense outcrop of stone at Mount Difficult so persuaded Peter Galbraith to form a company to exploit the stone.Black and white photograph of a young gentleman, with short hair, trimmed beard in a buttoned shirt and coat.1838 - 1896stawell

The end of the stone wall is the border between 78 and 80 and the extension of the stonewall is distinctly visible todayBlack and white photographic printIlford paper stamped 8963 Originally located in a Filmpro King Size Prints processing envelope $3.01 Shire of Eltham 9/9/66 and noted as Calrossie Ave area and crossed out Eltham-Yarra Glen Road, Bridge Street to Elsa Court existing conditions mid 1967bible street, road construction, streets

Ringwood Primary School - Albums of history and school photos from the laying of foundation stone in 1921Collection of nine A3 scrap books documenting Ringwood Primary School, with photos from pre 1940 to 1983 with coloured covers and plastic spines plus one Junior Teachers record book; Ringwood Primary School - Literature and photos pre 1940; Ringwood Primary School - School photos 1940s; Ringwood Primary School - Photos and Literature 1940s and 1950s; Ringwood Primary School - School photos 1950s; Ringwood Primary School - School photos 1970 to 1974; Ringwood Primary School - School photos 1975 to 1979; Ringwood Primary School - School photos 1980 to 1983; Ringwood Primary School - School photos 1983 to 1997 ; Ringwood Primary School - Literature and photos relating to the library and Miss Paddock; Education Department Junior Teachers Record Book for Ringwood Primary School 2997 from 1932 to 1942 +Additional Keywords: Paddock, Janet (Daisy)

A small scale concrete work that can be imagined as an ancient monolithic fortress or religious edifice. It suggests ideas like perpetuity, worship, preservation and history. Untitled Spiral is made up of three spirals, the first is constructed as a closed form, the second is open and the third is the space created within the second. The sense of enclosure is powerful but this is offset by the ledge which traces the top edge of the spiral shapes. This pathway leads from a precarious position to the highest point of sanctuary, or to what Stoner refers to as Nirvana. The structure is built of masonry-like units which "suggest a material presence and earthiness". Stoner is absorbed by how we define landscape and what is meant by natural. He is interested in the notion that ancient man-made structures such as stone walls, which are intrinsic to many landscapes, can now be accepted as being natural, organic forms.

The Tawonga branch of the C.W.A. commenced on the 7th Feb. 1946 and often combined activities with the other branches in the Kiewa Valley. The C.W.A. aimed to improve health, welfare and education for women and children in the country. Women living in Tawonga were mostly on farms and, in 1946, when the branch commenced would have been feeling more remote with WW11 having an effect on available workers and the well being of the women and children.Round green and white badge with the CWA logo in the centre of a green triangular shield. The logo is in gold. Around the triangular shape it is white with Victoria in gold at the top and 2 slim leaves on each side of the other sides. The badge has a green border. The back is gold and two of them have a pin attached. The third has a ring attached at the top. On the back each one has a different inscription and all are hard to read. Each badge is very slightly different in texture and depth of colour perhaps indicating that they were made at different times."Victoria / CWA" On the back - 1. Inscribed in oval shape 'Morgan Swann' but upside down to each other. 2. Inscribed - 'Stoker' 3. Inscribed - 'Stokes' or 'Stones'tawonga. country woman's association of victoria. badge. cwa logo.

EPNS silver commemorative trowel with silver handle.Essendon North Methodist Sunday School presented to Mr William Leach on his laying the foundation stone of the William Leach Kindergarten School 16th October 1915.william leach, essendon north methodist sunday school, william leach kindergarten school

Small silver commemorative trowel with black bakelite handle.Presd to Henry H Kemp G.R.I.B.A. on the occasion of laying the foundaiton stone of the Kew Presbyterian Church S.S. by F. Bruce Kemp A.R.A.I.A. 2nd Dec 1939.henry h kemp g.r.i.b.a., kew presbyterian church sunday school

Oval dark red leather oval box with blue satin lining containing an engraved silver trowel with a turned, patterned bone handle."Presented to W. R. Little Esq. on the occasion of his laying a memorial stone in the Wesleyan Church, Moonee Ponds 16th September 1890 A.E. Duguid. Architect."weleyan church, moonee ponds, little, w.r.

Olive green oblong leather box with blue velvet and white satin lining containing an engraved silver commemorative trowel."Presented to Rev.C. Mervyn Plumb L.TH. on the occasion of laying Foundation stone City Congregational Church Geelong 2nd May 1964 Gordon Williams & Associates. Architects.

7095 Dedication Plaque 7095-1 Group of People outside in bushland2 Colour photographs: 1 A plaque for Morrl Morrl School. 2nd a group of people outside in a bushland wetting.Morrl MOrrl State School No. 2697 Opened 20th October 1885 - Closed 4th August 1928 This Stone from the Kingston Mine 1-11-1992education, morrl morrl

Ceramic hot water bottles were common in the 19th and early 20th centuries. As well as filling hot water containers to warm your bed, you could buy earthenware bottles to use as foot warmers or hand warmers too. Earlier foot warmers used to hold hot coals, or glowing wood, not warm water. In the same way, traditional bed warmers filled with embers were once more usual than hot water bottles.Ceramic foot warmer glazed in cream with a decoration of lattice and pink roses.Maker stamp on base: "The Mecca Foot Warmer / Made in finest English Ivory Ware / Reg. No. 571373 / No sharp corners / Warming Pan / Stone-Trent Englandfoot warmer, household item, bedroom item

Catholic Mass, was celebrated in the old Kaniva hall prior to the opening of this Catholic church at Kaniva in 1929 it represents the expansion taking place in the west Wimmera.Bone handled, gold plated inscribed ceremonial trowel.Presented to the Rt Rev Dr Foley on the laying of the Foundation Stone Roman Catholic Church Kaniva by the architect Lionel de San Miguel 29-12-29.kaniva, catholic, foley, trowel, church, san miguel, thomas gaunt.

Page of a photo album (Cat.No. 01588). See also Cat Nos. 01303, 01349-51. Lt Col Joynt, 94, donated more than half the cost of the $130,000 Donovan Joynt VC Memorial Sportsman's Club. The building was officially opened by the Chief of the General Staff, Lieutenant General Sir Phillip Bennett of Canberra.Part of the collection of material held by Melbourne Legacy on Legatee Donovan Joynt, a prominent Australian and VC winner.Black and white photo of the pavilion at Puckapunyal dedicated to L/ Joynt.On back in blue biro: "Sports Pavilion Puckapunyal. Memorial to Colonel (Legatee) W.D. Joynt V.C. Plaque for foundation stone recording the gift and presented by Legatee Kemsley."donovan joynt, memorial

Sir Henry Bolte, premier of Victoria, renamed Cape Everard at Point Hicks during the Centenary of Cook's Landings on April 20, 1970. There is no land feature at Cook's coordinates of 38°0'S and 148°53'E, a point which lies several miles out to sea and under 50 fathoms of water. Captain Cook invented Point Hicks so that he could conceal Bass Strait and the insularity of Tasmania. The Admiralty had issued its usual instructions to hide strategically important discoveries that could become security risks. Captain Hicks was James Cook`s senior lieutenant. There has been some dispute as to whether Zachary Hicks actually saw Point Hicks or whether he saw Ram Head about 20 kilometres further up the coast. Although Cook named the promontory Point Hicks it was changed to Cape Everard in 1843.. In 1970 the Victorian government changed the name Cape Everard to 'Point Hicks'. It lies on dry land, about 22 nautical miles (41 km) northeast of Cook's phantom Point Hicks, where it preserves the story of Cook's first landfall in Australia. This is a contemporary pictorial record of a significant event in East Gippsland's history.A black / white photograph of a man in a suit making a speech with the audience standing behind him. He is standing in front of an octagonal-shaped directional marker set ointo a stone support. There is a policeman behind him. In the background to the right is a lighthouse.on front - "20th April 1970, Sir Henry Bolte renames C. Everard as Pt Hicks" handwritten in block letterscook-james-point-hicks cape-everard bolte-henry

Photo shows steam-boiler equipment left to middle of photo. Three iron chimneys stand above and to the left of the boiler. Another boiler is supported by stone blocks on the right of the photo. A section of board-walk appears in the bottom left.quarrying, heatherlie

Photo shows close-up view of steam boiler equipment. Stone chimney is also visible, however because of close-up view top of chimney cannot be seen. Wattle tree in bloom is visible in top right corner.quarrying, heatherlie

black and white image/copy Police Barracks, Rosalind Park. Two storey stone building, three chimneys and three outbuildings. Group of policemen with rifles on the right hand side of image. Early photo - possibly c1860's.place, bendigo, police barracks, bendigo, police barracks, sandhurst

Colour photograph of J. B. Wilson monumental mason Carpenter Street. The photo shows a red and blue truck in the yard. An house can be seen on the left and a row of display grave stones at the front. The photo was taken in July 1993.bendigo, business, j.b. wilson

Bendigo advertiser "The way we were" from 1999. Enforcement: the police barracks at Camp Hill, built of local stone, have not been used by the police departmentsince the 1920s. The barracks were also used as classrooms by the education department.newspaper, bendigo advertiser, the way we were

Photograph of a large stone church, There is a paling fence visible each side at the rear of the church and a post and rail fence in front of the building. This was the first St. Kilian's church to be built (note that on the rear of the photo it says ' All Saints Church ' )buildings, church, st. killians, st. kilian's church

The bluestone 'road over rail' bridge at Macedon Street is of state architectural, architectural, historical and engineering significance. It spans the first government regional railway. Its design and building was done according to strict English standards and made use of a bridge crossing instead of a level road crossing.A black and white photograph of a stone bridge with an eliptical arch spanning two rail tracks. A workman is standing between one set of tracks in the foreground and a railcart is next to the tracks. The station, footbridge and water tower are visible through the arch.road over rail bridge, bridges, sunbury railway station, water towers, pedestrian bridges, stone bridges, george evans collection

Cato Park Plaque. The information on the plaque states the name change from Victoria Reserve to Cato Park in 1930. Victoria Reserve was gazette in c 1914 then had a name change in 1930 to Cato park. The Park renamed after Frederick J. Cato in contribution to his generosity to the Stawell community. The plaque was unveiled on 23rd November 1982.Colour photograph of Cato Parks bronze plaque on a stone located near the Cato Park entrance gate. The plaque acknowledges the name change of the Park from Victoria to Cato Park in c 1930 and the plaque was unveiled in c 1982. stawell

Photograph depicts the staff of the Excelsior Woollen Mill (owned by Godfrey Hirst Pty Ltd), c.1905. Pictured 4th from left in the front row - Frank Gliddon and 5th from left front row - Arthur Gliddon.Photograph, black and white. Mounted on a white mat with an embossed edge. Photo depicts five rows of mostly women, with some men and boys in the front row. They are pictured in front of a high blue stone wall. Biro inscriptions on back. EXCELSIOR WOOLLEN MILL (HIRSTS) / 4TH FROM LEFT FRONT ROW FRANK GLIDDON / 5TH FROM LEFT FRONT ROW ARTHUR GLIDDON / C1905textile mills staff, godfrey hirst and co. pty ltd, excelsior one mill, excelsior mill no. 2, textile mills - staff

A red brick church on stone foundation in Daylesford, a hall, and a former church. The small building at the centre is the John Mitchell Memorial Hall named after a teacher and superintendent from September 1861 to 1921. It was still in existence in August 2024. daylesford uniting church, daylesford methodist church, daylesford

Amey Cook unmarried and only daughter of William Cook and Jane nee MaggsSepia photograph of a teen-age girl with dark hair worn long. Dark short dress with white bow at neck. Dark stockings and shoes. Standing on a stone stair and holding a basket of flowers. Photograph mounted on black card.cook, amey

Yields information about Ballarat 's tram operations and Stones Corner.Negative and Digital image of the Wal Jack Ballarat Negative file of No. 17 loading passengers at Stones Corner, the intersection of Victoria St and Main St. A Caltex service station is on the right hand side and the State Savings Bank of Victoria. trams, tramways, victoria st, bridge st, main st, stones corner, tram 17