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National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Book, Burstall, Terry, A Soldier Returns: A Long Tan Veteran Discovers the other side of Vietnam (Copy 3)
The Vietnam of 1990 is far removed from the war-torn country of 1966, but the memories of destruction remain.The Vietnam of 1990 is far removed from the war-torn country of 1966, but the memories of destruction remain.vietnam war, 1961-1975 - personal narratives, australian, long tan, 1966, battle of long tan -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Book, McAlister, John, The Vietnamese And Their Revolution
This book offers some of the most thought-provoking, poetic essays so far written upon the Vietnamese revolution and the Vietnamese peasant's intimate relationship to it.This book offers some of the most thought-provoking, poetic essays so far written upon the Vietnamese revolution and the Vietnamese peasant's intimate relationship to it.communism - vietnam, vietnam - politcs and government -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Book, Allen, George W, None So Blind: A Personal Account of the Intelligence Failure in Vietnam, 2001
None So Blind is a unique work by a unique author. Beginning in the early 1950s and continuing far longer that any of his contemporaries, George Allen had the guts to spear truth to power - telling successive senior authorities in Vietnam and Washington, D.C. that their conduct of the war was la losing one.None So Blind is a unique work by a unique author. Beginning in the early 1950s and continuing far longer that any of his contemporaries, George Allen had the guts to spear truth to power - telling successive senior authorities in Vietnam and Washington, D.C. that their conduct of the war was la losing one.vietnamese conflict, 1961-1975 - secret service - united states, indochine war, 1947-1954-secret service - united states -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Book, Kline, David, Sacred Ground
We have all viewed on TV or in newspapers, books and magazines, the wreckage of war...a burned-out tank or APC along a red dusty road, a shop-up helicopter, its blades askew. resting in a rice paddy; spent shell casings; bloody drssings; battle gear; or mangled bodies lying in sore far off outpost after a fierce battle.We have all viewed on TV or in newspapers, books and magazines, the wreckage of war...a burned-out tank or APC along a red dusty road, a shop-up helicopter, its blades askew. resting in a rice paddy; spent shell casings; bloody drssings; battle gear; or mangled bodies lying in sore far off outpost after a fierce battle.vietnam veterans memorial (washington. dc) - pictorial works, war memorials - united states -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Book, Generous, Kevin M, Vietnam: The Secret War (Copy 1)
Although the Vietnam War was one of the most reported in history, much of the llong-running conflict was fought under cover and in remote areas far from the media searchlight.Although the Vietnam War was one of the most reported in history, much of the llong-running conflict was fought under cover and in remote areas far from the media searchlight.vietnam war - 1961-1975, vietnam - history - 1945-1975 -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Book, McAleavy, Henry, Black Flags In Vietnam: The Story of a Chinese Intervention
....an enthralling story which is one more proof that history can be far, far stranger than fiction...a very readable and important contribution to our knowledge of China.....an enthralling story which is one more proof that history can be far, far stranger than fiction...a very readable and important contribution to our knowledge of China.vietnam - history, vietnam - foreign relations - china -
Horsham Regional Art Gallery
Photograph, Siri HAYES, In the far reaches of the familiar, 2011
Purchased through the Horsham Art Gallery Trust Fund, 2018 -
Puffing Billy Railway
Vehicle - Traction Engine - Foden Compound, 1914
Ordered by Langwill Bros., & Davies Ltd Melbourne Used for saw milling, dam constructions and log haulingFoden Traction Engine This engine is a compound traction engine built by Foden Ltd of Sandbach England in 1914 – builders number 4525. This was ordered by Langwill Bros and Davies Ltd of Melbourne and was used by Mr F Orr on his farm at Bullarto South Victoria. On the farm it was used for many agricultural purposes and was used at times as a stationary engine to run a wooden thrashing machine. The unit was last used on the farm in 1947 and put aside on the farm with a “museum” of other old agricultural tractors and machinery. Mr Orr gave us the engine as an exhibit for the Menzies Creek Museum of Puffing Billy in the 1960s. At that stage he was an elderly gentleman of 97 years and maintained a great interest in his farm which had been in his family’s hands for three generations at that stage. His grandfather had cut the farm from the bush. The traction engine in its youth was used to go around other farms in the district and went as far away as the Wimmera and Mallee farms thrashing crops of wheat, barley and oats. It towed the wooden thrashing machine behind it on its trips to these farms on hire to the farmers. Foden Compound Traction Engine Built by Foden Ltd., Sandback, England in 1914 to the order of Langwill Bros., & Davies Ltd., Melbourne, it was used on a farm for sawmilling, dam constructions and log hauling. Donated by F. Orr of Bullarto South, Victoria. Foden Compound Traction Engine - made of Steel (Painted)Foden foden, traction engine, steam, puffing billy -
Wangaratta RSL Sub Branch
Plaque
Combined operations plaque - designed and carved by Petty Officer Joiner 3rd Class A W VENABLES on behalf of the Commanding Officer of HMS Northney attached to Combined Operations in the Second World War.Combined Operations made a huge contribution to the successful outcome of the Second World War by undertaking dozens of Commando raids and landings, mostly against the Axis forces, from Norway in the north to Madagascar in the south and from North Africa and the Mediterranean in the west to the Far East, culminating in the D-Day Invasion on the 6th of June 1944.Round solid timber plaque with eagle over sub machine gun over anchor carved in centre.Combined Operations - United We Conquercombined operations, ww2 -
Wangaratta RSL Sub Branch
Photograph, 14/9/1943
Crew of "M" for Mother, a Lancaster aircraft belonging to No. 467 Squadron RAAF in Bomber Command. The Squadron is based at RAF Station Waddington, and this crew is just preparing to take off on a raid over Berlin. Left to right: 417035 Flight Sergeant (Flt Sgt, later Flying Officer [FO]) John Warrington Scott of Ballarat, Victoria; 413558 Flt Sgt (later FO) George Edward Erickson of Sydney, NSW; 412890 Flt Sgt (later Flight Lieutenant [Flt Lt]) Albert Reginald Thomas Boys of Sydney, NSW; 11615 Sergeant (later Flt Sgt) Charles Edward Adair of Swan Hills, NSW (lost on operations over Germany on 23 September 1943); 414407 Flt Sgt (later Flt Lt) Bertram Raymond Jones of Wyandra, Queensland; 400444 Flt Sgt (later Flt Lt) John Hudson Wilkinson, (later Distinguished Flying Cross), (bending down) of Rutherglen, Victoria (lost on operations over Europe on 30 August 1944); Sgt E L Tull, RAF. From collection of photographs and cuttings dedicated to the memory of WILKINSON JOHN HUDSON : Service Number - 400444 : Date of birth - 18 Feb 1914 : Place of birth - RUTHERGLEN VIC : Place of enlistment - MELBOURNE : Next of Kin - WILKINSON HUDSON. The crew of “M for Mother”, a Lancaster bomber from 467 Squadron, preparing to take off on a raid over Berlin. John Wilkinson is standing at far right. Wilkinson was awarded the distinguished flying cross in March 1944 and tragically killed in action over Germany in August 1944. black and white photograph of seven airmen in front of Lancaster bomber planeRear of photograph - John Wilkinson on right standing behind man bent over pilot, kia, killed in action, dfc, distinguished flying cross, wwii, world war two, air force, lancaster, 1944 -
Tatura Irrigation & Wartime Camps Museum
Book - Paperback Book, The Bootmaker of Berlin
Berlin, 2010: A deathbed promise launches Kathy Giuliano on a quest for the truth about her family during World War II. Alone, she travels to Berlin in search of an enigmatic octogenarian who holds the keys to the past. The only clues to his identity and whereabouts and are a black-and-white photograph and an outdated address in Reinickendorf. England, 1938: After fleeing Nazi Germany for the safety of England, a teenage boy is captured when Churchill gives the order to 'collar the lot'. One of 2,000 prisoners on the hell-ship Dunera, he is sent to Australia. At the 'family camp', he makes footwear and forms life-long friendships. Eight years later, what does he find when he returns to Berlin? Victoria, 1943: With the Japanese at Australia's doorstep, a mother and daughter are arrested at their cane farm in far north Queensland and sent 'down south'. Their crime? Teaching the Italian language to school-children. The internment camp at Tatura changes everything. The secrets they share must be kept for the rest of their lives.Mauve and Pink cover with a painting of a large brown lace up boot. The book title is depicted on a wrought iron sign. non-fictionBerlin, 2010: A deathbed promise launches Kathy Giuliano on a quest for the truth about her family during World War II. Alone, she travels to Berlin in search of an enigmatic octogenarian who holds the keys to the past. The only clues to his identity and whereabouts and are a black-and-white photograph and an outdated address in Reinickendorf. England, 1938: After fleeing Nazi Germany for the safety of England, a teenage boy is captured when Churchill gives the order to 'collar the lot'. One of 2,000 prisoners on the hell-ship Dunera, he is sent to Australia. At the 'family camp', he makes footwear and forms life-long friendships. Eight years later, what does he find when he returns to Berlin? Victoria, 1943: With the Japanese at Australia's doorstep, a mother and daughter are arrested at their cane farm in far north Queensland and sent 'down south'. Their crime? Teaching the Italian language to school-children. The internment camp at Tatura changes everything. The secrets they share must be kept for the rest of their lives.ww2 italians, internment, tatura, queensland, debbie terranova, berlin -
Victorian Aboriginal Corporation for Languages
Book, Sue Wesson, An historical atlas of the Aborigines of Eastern Victoria and Far South-eastern New South Wales, 2000
An extremely detailed atlas of tribes, clans, and languages in eastern Victoria and south-eastern New South Wales. Includes maps, census information about the numbers and makeup of these clans in historical records, meanings and comparative spellings of all known named tribes and clans.maps, b&w photographs, colour photographs, tables -
Ballarat Base Hospital Trained Nurses League
Matron Eagleton with Nursing Staff - Priscilla Wardle, far right, trainee Feb 1905 to March 1908
Hard Copiesmatron, eagleton, nursing staff, wardle, trainee,1905,1908, ballarat, early 1900s -
Ballarat Base Hospital Trained Nurses League
1955 Jan, PTS, Erol Plummer - back row, far left
Photo1955, jan, pts, erol, plummer -
Ballarat Base Hospital Trained Nurses League
1950s Afternoon tea, Matron Langham (far right), Mrs Chrishlom - Mayoress (3rd from left)
Photo1950s, afternoon tea, matron, langham, mrs, chrishlom, mayoress -
Nillumbik Shire Council
Ceramics (vase): Chris PITTARD, Chris Pittard, Vessel - Flood, 2006
Chris Pittard is a painter who has been working with clay for over 15 years. Pittard studied Fine Arts at RMIT and VCA and has exhibited paintings for a number of years. Pittard divides his time between teaching, drawing and painting and working in the ceramics studio where he creates distinctive pieces. Chris Pittard's ceramic pieces translate the narrative to the vessel. His vessels speak to us about our place and even his personal stories become more universal expressions.In early 2005 there was a flood which raged through the creeks cutting through the Shire of Nillumbik (Eltham). Not usually affected by catastrophe, these surging waters destroyed bridges and threatened roads. When the water subsided along the banks of the creek, trees had fallen, flotsam and jetsam piled up and even weeks later the long grass flattened by the flood continued to map the raging waters flow. The combination of slightly threatening and destructive forces and eerie beauty interested me. This at a time when world events of a far more horrific and tragic nature where presented to us by strangely beautiful coloured photos in our daily papers. These connections may not be obvious but it was certainly something I was thinking about while making this ceramic piece.flood, chris pittard, eltham, nillumbik -
National Wool Museum
Pamphlet, Shearing independence costs far less than you think
Pamphlet advertising Cooper shearing machinery.Pamphlet advertising Cooper shearing machinery.shearing shearing machinery, cooper engineering company pty ltd sunbeam corporation limited, shearing, shearing machinery -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Beesley, Midge, Raymond Island : past present future, 1986
In broad terms, my approach to writing this book has been to present, firstly -- as far as is possible, a general historical background to Raymond Island and it s subsequent development since first being opened up for settlement; secondly, to record the background histories of some of the early settlers; thirdly, by featuring a number of present-day residents, to convey an image of the type of person who today chooses to become an islander and thereby becomes part of a small community that, even in 1986, is 'different'.291 p. : ill. ; index; refs.; maps; 22 cm.In broad terms, my approach to writing this book has been to present, firstly -- as far as is possible, a general historical background to Raymond Island and it s subsequent development since first being opened up for settlement; secondly, to record the background histories of some of the early settlers; thirdly, by featuring a number of present-day residents, to convey an image of the type of person who today chooses to become an islander and thereby becomes part of a small community that, even in 1986, is 'different'.urbanisation -- raymond island -- gragin ( the aboriginal name for raymond island) -- gippsland lakes, other: local history -- kurnai -- gunai. -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Journal - Periodical, Barrett, Charles, Northern Australia
This book covers the far northern parts of Australia, from Queensland to the Kimberleys and the romantic ports of the north-west, where early navigators made landfalls. Tthe photographs, many of them unique, were taken on sea and land expeditions, the latest in 1939, when a 1200 miles' cruise was made in the mission boat Larrpan, from Darwin to the farthest east coast of Arnhem Land.pp40; illus; 27 cm.This book covers the far northern parts of Australia, from Queensland to the Kimberleys and the romantic ports of the north-west, where early navigators made landfalls. Tthe photographs, many of them unique, were taken on sea and land expeditions, the latest in 1939, when a 1200 miles' cruise was made in the mission boat Larrpan, from Darwin to the farthest east coast of Arnhem Land.aborigines-northern australia, port essington, northern australia-aborigines-fishing, aboriginal women-northern australia-food gathering, goulburn island, elcho island, caledon bay, milingimbi, wessel islands, thursday island, wyndham, broome., aboriginal art - cave paintings -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Boldrewood, Rolf, Old Melbourne Memories, 1969
Contents: A.D. 1840; The far west; The Death of Violet; Dunmore; Squattlesea Mere; The Eumeralla War; The Children of the Rocks; The Native Police; Kilfera; Old Port Fairy; Portland Bay; Grasmere; Superior Fattening Country; Burchett of "The Gums"; Work and play; The Romance of a Freehold; Le Chevalier Bayard; The Christening of Heidelberg; The Woodlands Steeplechase; Yering; Tales of a 'Traveller'; Yambuk; Index.xviii, 210 p. ; 22 cm.Contents: A.D. 1840; The far west; The Death of Violet; Dunmore; Squattlesea Mere; The Eumeralla War; The Children of the Rocks; The Native Police; Kilfera; Old Port Fairy; Portland Bay; Grasmere; Superior Fattening Country; Burchett of "The Gums"; Work and play; The Romance of a Freehold; Le Chevalier Bayard; The Christening of Heidelberg; The Woodlands Steeplechase; Yering; Tales of a 'Traveller'; Yambuk; Index.melbourne, history, massacres-eumerella district., squatters-victoria, race relations-history, native police - western district -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Abdulla, Ian W, Tucker, 1994
Ian's narrative paintings recall the stories of his youth with refreshing simplicity, while their rich textures and brilliant colours evoke a deep love for a time and a place that are never very far from his imagination.He has mounted seven solo shows and fifteen joint exhibitions and represented in many galleries throughout Australia, including the National Gallery.38 unnumbered pages colour illustrations, map ; 26 x 31 cm.Ian's narrative paintings recall the stories of his youth with refreshing simplicity, while their rich textures and brilliant colours evoke a deep love for a time and a place that are never very far from his imagination.He has mounted seven solo shows and fifteen joint exhibitions and represented in many galleries throughout Australia, including the National Gallery.abdulla, ian w., 1947-2011 -- childhood and youth. | aboriginal australians -- murray river region (n.s.w.-s.a.) -- food -- juvenile literature. | aboriginal australians -- south australia -- food -- juvenile literature. | aboriginal australians, in art -- juvenile literature. | painting, australian -- south australia -- aboriginal artists -- juvenile literature. | wild foods -- murray river region (n.s.w.-s.a.) -- juvenile literature. | wild foods -- south australia -- juvenile literature. -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Roberts, Janine P, Jack of Cape Grim : a Victorian adventure, 1986
Contents: The Tasmanians; Move the Tasmanians to Port Phillip; The Squatters; Melbourne Protected; Melbourne Aborigines Take Up the Gun; The Tasmanians Fight; The Trial; The Execution; The Sequel.Blurb: Jack of Cape Grim is a true story, set in Tasmania and Victoria in the mid1800s. Jack, an Aboriginal, and his friends, the famous Truganini (said, incorrectly, to be the 'last' Tasmanian Aborigine), Bob, Matilda and Fanny brought to Victoria from Tasmania to help'tame' the Victorian Aborigines. The group breaks away from Robinson, the Aboriginal Protector, to seek revenge for their fate, stranded far from homeland.The early white settlers of the Port Phillip District get more than they expected as the Aborigines rampage on the Peninsula, chased by trooper. The outcome is the horrific first public execution in the bustling town of Melbourne.123 p., [24] p. of plates : ill., facsims., maps, ports. ; 22 cm.Contents: The Tasmanians; Move the Tasmanians to Port Phillip; The Squatters; Melbourne Protected; Melbourne Aborigines Take Up the Gun; The Tasmanians Fight; The Trial; The Execution; The Sequel.Blurb: Jack of Cape Grim is a true story, set in Tasmania and Victoria in the mid1800s. Jack, an Aboriginal, and his friends, the famous Truganini (said, incorrectly, to be the 'last' Tasmanian Aborigine), Bob, Matilda and Fanny brought to Victoria from Tasmania to help'tame' the Victorian Aborigines. The group breaks away from Robinson, the Aboriginal Protector, to seek revenge for their fate, stranded far from homeland.The early white settlers of the Port Phillip District get more than they expected as the Aborigines rampage on the Peninsula, chased by trooper. The outcome is the horrific first public execution in the bustling town of Melbourne.truganini, 1812-1876. | aboriginal tasmanians -- treatment. | aboriginal tasmanians -- victoria -- treatment. | aboriginal tasmanians -- government relations. | aboriginal australians -- victoria -- government relations. | victoria -- history -- 1834-1851. -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Article, Far out is out, 20/11/1994 12:00:00 AM
land sale on old Blackburn North Primary SchoolAdvertisement in Sunday Age for land sale on old Blackburn North Primary School land, appearing 20 November 1994. land sale on old Blackburn North Primary School land subdivision, springfield road, blackburn north, primrose street, blackburn north primary school -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Article, Blackburn's far enough from the madding crowd, 25/08/1993 12:00:00 AM
Bell Bird area which is under the protection of the National Trust and the Blackburn Lake areaBell Bird area which is under the protection of the National Trust and the Blackburn Lake area are both select and sought after and houses bring high prices.Bell Bird area which is under the protection of the National Trust and the Blackburn Lake areacity of nunawading, national trust of australia (victoria), waratah crescent, blackburn, linum street, boongarry avenue, hill street, acacia avenue, jeffery street, myrtle grove, blackburn road -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Article, A Bridge Too Far, 2016
Residents, MPs were outraged over an approval given by Planning Minister, Richard Wynne, to Deakin University.Residents, MPs were outraged over an approval given by Planning Minister, Richard Wynne, to Deakin University to build a bridge spanning Gardiners Creek Reserve linking both sides of its Burwood campus.Residents, MPs were outraged over an approval given by Planning Minister, Richard Wynne, to Deakin University. wynne, richard, deakin university burwood campus, gardiners creek reserve, burke, anna, watt, graham -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Decorative object - Ornament
6th May 2009 A large earthenware figure of a spaniel made in the 19th century in Staffordshire and used as a fireside ornament. Also referred to as Staffordshire dogs. They were purchased by errant husbands to comfort irate wives.|Stoke, Burslem, Hanley, Longton and Tunstall were known as the “Five Towns” of the Staffordshire potteries. In the 19th century there were more than 1000 firms working at various times, amongst them Wedgwood, Spode and Ridgway. Largely because of Josiah Wedgwood and the canal system, and later the railways English ceramics spread far and wide. A vast export trade to the Americas and India was from the port of Liverpool. Staffordshire became the pottery supplier of the World. Most factories made figures and tea and dinner sets.|The Comforter Dogs were copied and made by more than one pottery.Staffordshire dog - no makers mark. Right foot cracked. Repair on ear. Some cracks on body.ceramics, porcelain, ornaments -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Memorabilia - Box - Cigarette silks, 1911 - 1917
These type of cigarette silks were included in WD & HO Wills cigarette packets to induce women in particular to take up smoking.|The Word 'Cartophilic?|It is believed that this unusual word was coined in the 1920s by Col. Bagnall, an Englishman, who was the father of the hobby of cigarette card and trade card collecting. It is thought to be a combination of a Latin word, 'carto' meaning 'card and the Greek word 'philic', meaning 'love'.- lover of cards. The term originally related to the collection of the two types mentioned, however, our Society has included postcards in the range of items collected by our members.|The Cigarette Card|The cigarette card began its evolution in the United States of America, in the early 1880s as a plain piece of cardboard used by tobacconists to protect the cigarettes which were sold in that era, not in packets, but loosely. A purchaser would buy his cigarettes then wrap them in paper around the small piece of cardboard, which acted as a stiffener. In fact, for many decades, cigarette cards were known as 'stiffeners' in the USA.|The card depicting 'The Marquis of Lome' is reputed to be the first known cigarette card issued. This is thought to have been in 1879. It did not take long for an enterprising entrepreneur to recognise the advertising potential of the cigarette card, and, very soon, the cards began displaying popular images, often in sets. This had the effect of youngsters, wishing to complete their sets, harassing their fathers to buy a specific brand of cigarettes. The kids who collected cards in the days when they were being issued in the cigarette packets, would hang around outside the local tobacconist's shop, pestering the men who had just bought a packet of cigarette, with the cry: 'can I have the cig can mister?'|It is a proven fact that, here in Australia during the 1930s, at least one set had one card deliberately withheld and issued very sparingly. This card is No. 86 (Mrs Jack Crawford) in the Carreras 'Turf Personality Series'. Thus, in a set of reasonably easy cards to get, this one card is a constant source of frustration for the collector, and as such, commands a premium when it comes to price. It is not hard to imagine the young collector nagging his to Dad to keep buying 'Turf' cigarettes to enable him to finish the set.|From small beginnings the cigarette card soon gave rise to a booming industry in itself. Artists and writers were|employed to produce the cards, which were miniature works of art and served as little encyclopaedia's for the children of the day. By the 1930s cards were being issued in the countless millions. It has been stated, in one book on the history of cards; that 450 million sets of a series produced and issued by the prolific issuer of cards in the United Kingdom, WD & HO Wills. As each set contained 50 cards you would need a calculator with a very long result window to see the answer to how many cards of that series were in circulation.|Australia's involvement would appear to have its beginnings with the English and American firms who shipped their tobacco products here and the cards of American Tobacco Company (ATC) are found in great numbers in early Australian collections; many featuring Australian subjects, e.g. 'Australian Parliament a 1901 issue. Earlier U.S. sets depicting Australians included Goodwin & Co's, so called. 'Australian Series' with cricketers and Australian Rules footballers who were on the sporting scene during the 1880s. The caption of one of theses cards reads:|'W.Hannysee. Captain Port Melbourne Football Club' which enables us to pinpoint the year of issue to either 1889 or 1890.|On the Australian scene the first local manufacturer who issued cards seems to have been The National Cigarette Company of Australia Proprietary Limited, whose 'Tally Ho' packets contained cards from a series of thirteen featuring the touring 'English Cricket Team 1897-8' Of the few Australian manufacturers who issued cards, only two companies issued more the two sets.|Undoubtedly the cards issued by the Melbourne firm Sniders & Abrahams (later Sniders & Abrahams Pty Ltd) are the 'jewels in the crown' of Australian card issues. They issued some thirty-three series, with numerous sub-series and allied issues such as metal badges, metal football shields, celluloid flags etc., which ensured that the hobbyist had a vast range from which to collect. Sporting themes – football, cricket, horse racing – dominate, indicating the Australians' love of sport and the outdoors was as strong in those earlier times as it is today. Military, animals and birds themes were also to the fore, with a touch of culture being provided by 'Shakespeare', 'Dickens', actresses and even classical 'Statuary'. Humour was not forgotten with 'Cartoons and Caricatures', 'Naval and Cricket (double meaning) Terms' and the 'Jokes' series. Art and history were covered by the artist, S.T. Gill's 'Views of Victoria in 1857' while the stereoscopic 'Views of the World' expanded the collectors' knowledge of the world as a whole.|The Sniders & Abrahams series began in 1904 and by 1919 the company was in decline and was eventually taken over by G.G. Goode & Co. Ltd. This company produced one set only, the highly collectable 'Prominent Cricketer Series' issued in 1924. During the early to mid-1920s, J.J. Schuh Tobacco Pty Ltd issued eight series, again containing the popular subjects of sport and war. At least two provincial tobacconists, Lentens of Bendigo and Baillies of Warrnambool, issued private football series. The last series of cards issued by a truly Australian firm was Dudgeon & Arnell's '1934 Australian Cricket Team'.|The Australian market was not neglected by the English companies with WD & HO Wills, Godfrey Phillips and Ogdens all making their contributions. By far the most active issuer was the long-established company Wills, whose 'Cricketers' of 1901 heralded the flood of Australian series, which continued into the mid-thirties.|The onset of the 1939-45 World War sounded the death knell of the cigarette card and very few post-war issues were made, certainly not here in Australia.|The Trade Card|The Trade Card is a non-tobacco item used by manufacturers to promote and advertise their products, in the same way that cigarette cards were. It is uncertain exactly when they were first produced, but in the USA, non-collectable cards were issued by firms in the early 1800s. These were more akin to a latter day 'business card'. It was not until the 1850s, when coloured and pictorial cards were issued to advertise and promote products that the Trade Card|became a collectable item. Many beautiful lithographic cards were produced in this early era and they are very mu sought after by collectors. By the 1870s the issues of Trade Cards became more prolific and it is from this era that more cards are seen.|Again, it is difficult to pinpoint the exact date of the first Australian Trade Card and it may be that the highly collectable and extremely rare 'American Candy Co's' - 'Pure Caramels' Australian Rules football card, issued i 1891, is the earliest series. This confectionery firm was located in Fitzroy, a Melbourne suburb. To date only two subjects have been seen.|Another early set was 'Flags', issued by F.H.Fauldings & Co. It featured testimonials of seven English cricketers who toured Australia with the 1894/5 Test team. Fauldings was an Adelaide based firm which manufactured medicinal toiletries, soaps and oils, using the distinctly Australian eucalyptus oil. During the 20th century a multitude of Australian businesses issued trade cards, with confectionery manufacturers such as Hoadleys, Allens, Sweetacres and Australian Licorice producing the majority of them. Again sporting themes dominated with the ever popular Aussie Rules football cards being the most numerous. Cricket issues ran a close second.|Apart from sporting cards, almost every subject imaginable was covered by the Trade Card, making it the most diverse and interesting branch of cartophilly. In contrast to the Cigarette Card, which had its demise prior to the Second World War, the Trade Card is still alive and well.|We all are aware of the long running 'Birds of Australasia' series put out by Tuck-fields Tea and 1 doubt if there is a kitchen drawer in Australia that has not got one or two of these informative and attractive cards floating about in it. These cards were first produced in the early 1960s and are still being inserted in that company's packets of tea. Such is also the case with Sanitarium Health Foods, manufacturers of the well known Weetbix, who began issuing cards, with a wide range of subjects, in the early 1940s and continue to do so.|The 1940s and 1950s saw the two breakfast food giants, Kornies and Weeties dominating the card scene. Kornies footballers were in production fora decade from 1948 to 1959. Four years later in 1963, we saw the start of four decades of Scanlens bubble-gum card issues, both football and cricket. In the mid 1990s, with the end of the Scanlens/Stimorol cards, the Trading Card came on the scene. These cards do not fit under the umbrella of the Trade Card, having been produced and marketed purely as a 'collectable' with no connection whatsoever to any product, which of course is necessary for an item to be classified as a Trade Card.|The earliest British postcard was issued in 1870 and was designed to send short messages; the stamp was printed on the card, therefore it did not require an envelope. It was considered by many to be lowering the postal standards because the texts were no longer private. However the cards were a great success as on the first day of issue in 1870, half a million passed through the London postal centre.|The first illustrated postcards are said to be those introduced by a French stationer in 1870. He realized that French troops fighting in the Franco-Prussian War needed to be able to send short messages to their families and designed a 'postcard' to suit the purpose. As many of the soldiers were illiterate they decorated their cards with sketches of their many activities at the front rather than writing; thus creating a picture postcard. Private enterprise soon saw the great financial possibilities of this new easy and attractive way of communication by post; also sending a postcard cost less than postage for letters. It was correctly assumed that postcards were likely to overtake letter writing in many instances.|Between 1875 and 1882 every state in Australia introduced official postcards, N.S.W. first and Tasmania last. Each state produced a simple type of postcard with a pre printed stamp allied to that state. The stamp side stated 'The Address Only To Be Written On This Side'; the reverse side sometimes carried a simple illustration or decoration with space fora short message, each state extolling their own state's virtues. In 1901, with the advent of Federation, the new Government became responsible for all postal services in Australia and produced postcards for sale in every state. With several mail deliveries each day in most towns, postcards were used for many purposes. One 1906 postcard, with an illustration of fruit, was sent from Mrs X in the morning to her greengrocer ordering her fruit and vegetables to be delivered that afternoon. Another lady asks her charlady to 'come this afternoon'.|Australian private enterprise also began selling pictorial postcards, most companies using the very experienced German printing works who were the worlds best in the field of lithography and fine detailed colour-printing. Many of these beautiful German cards still exist today, 100 years later. Australia did have a few fine printers but they were in the minority. Black and white postcards printed in Australia in the early 1900s were often of good quality e.g. postcards printed by 'The Bulletin', illustrating the works of 'The Bulletins' top artists.|Between c1903-09 The Melbourne company Osboldstone and Atkins etc. printed coloured reproductions of 46 J.A. Turner bush/rural life paintings, which were generally of good quality and became hugely popular and still sought after today. Like thousands of homes in Europe, Britain and U.S.A., many Australia homes had albums of cherished postcards, which were given pride of place for visitors to see and enjoy.|Postcard collecting remained popular but was changing with the times. About 1912 the Australian photographer George Rose of Melbourne began to produce topographical B/W real photographic postcards covering most of Australia and other photographers began to do likewise. These cards soon found their way into collections as well.|WWI and the horrors of war suddenly changed the world; postcards were still in great demand but the subject matter was far more serious. Thousands of postcards from the trenches in European war zones arrived in Australia to be included in family albums. Propaganda and recruitment messages were produced to encourage enlistment. Australian postcard producers began to create cards decorated with gum leaves, boomerangs, wattle etc., which were designed for sending to Australian troops serving overseas. Very few 'pretty' cards were available, as access to the Gentian printing works was no longer possible and exporting of postcards from Britain was very limited. By the end of WWI people had other more serious problems to contend with and the avid postcard collecting hobby declined, fold greetings took over and topographical photographic postcards became a small but steady income for the producers and newsagents etc. in every town.|Fortunately many of these old postcards still exist and are avidly collected by a new generation or postcard collectors. The Australian Cartophilic Society Inc. is one of four postcard/cigarette card organizations in Australia. They are, N.S.W. Post Card Collectors Society; Queensland Card Collectors' Society Inc. and West Australian Card Collectors|Society, and across the Tasman there is a New Zealand Postcard Society.|References:|Picture Postcards of the Golden Age A Collector's Guide by Toni & Valmai Holt. Picture Postcards in Australia 1898 - 1920 by David CookBox of Cigarette Silks ( 10 ) depicting animal motifs, which were placed in cigarette packets as an incentive for women in particular to smoke.|WD & HO Wills|Produced 1911 - 1917personal effects, smoking accessories, recreations, collections -
Tramways/East Melbourne RSL Sub Branch - RSL Victoria Listing id: 27511
Book, Hans Bertram et al, FLIGHT INTO HELL( A Classic Story of Survival in Australia's Far North), 1985
629.13'09, autobiography, isbn: 0 85902 234 x. -
Ringwood RSL Sub-Branch
Book, Australia in the War of 1939 - 1945. Middle East and Far East, 1953
Official history no dust cover -
Moorabbin Air Museum
Book - A GRAVE TOO FAR AWAY, KATHRYN SPURLING, 2012