When war broke out in 1899, and early target for the Boers was the diamond-mining centre of Kimberley. This was located near the point where the Transvaal, Orange Free State and Cape Colony met. General Sir Redvers Buller detached the 1st Division under Lieutenant General Lord Methuen to relieve the Siege of Kimberley. This decision was made partly for reasons of prestige. To capture Kimberley (which contained the famous imperialist and former Prime Minister of Cape Colony, Cecil Rhodes) would be a major propaganda victory for the British. Methuen's force advanced north and won two engagements against the Boers of the Orange Free State. Reinforcements from Transvaal under General Koos de la Rey arrived and he convinced the Boers to follow his plans for attacking the British. Instead of relying on the hills for protection and missing their targets, de la Rey proposed they make use of the flat veld and introduced them to the Mauser rifle with its flat trajectory. Trenches were built in the banks of the Modder River from which they could sweep the veld for a great distance. The trenches were built on the south side of the river and on the smaller Riet River where they meet at Modder River Station. Methuen's force began advancing towards the Modder planning to cross the river. The Boers opened fire and the British troops were unable to find cover on the veld. They had to lay flat so as not to be seen or hit. The British guns pounded the buildings near Modder River Station and the north bank of the river, missing the trenches on the south bank. The battle became a stalemate. The British found an opening on the Boer's right flank at Rosmead ford downstream and drove the Boers out of Rosmead. De la Rey drove them back into a small insecure bridgehead. The Boers feared they were vulnerable and withdrew during the night. Methuen reported that the battle had been "one of the hardest and most trying fights in the annals of the British army". Individual image from photographed poster of tobacco and cigarette cards.boers, diamind-mining, kimberley, transvaal, orange free state, cape colony, sir rdvers buller, lieutenant general lord methuen, siege of kimberley, cecil rhodes, general koos dde la rey, mauser rifle, veld, modder river, modder river station, trenches, riet river, rosmead

The husband of the donor of this mast collar chanced to be staying a night at a motel in Peterborough, along the Great Ocean Road in Victoria. He had a keen interest in maritime items and recognise the mast collar at the motel’s back fence line. The motel owner told his guest the story of a customer, a doctor, who had organised and paid for divers to raise the mast collar from a local shipwreck, the Falls of Halladale. Shortly afterwards the doctor passed away, so the mast collar had remained at the motel site. The owner was leaving the motel the following week and wasn’t at all interested in the artefact. He was very happy for his guest to remove it. It took five men to load the mast collar up for the trip to the new owner’s two storey shed in Ballarat. It stayed there undercover, in the company of his collection of 5 buggies, for the next 40 or so years until the property was for sale. A friend, who realised the significance of the mast collar, suggested that it be donated to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village where other artefacts from the Falls of Halladale, such as the slate tiles, were on display. This mast collar, or masthead, from the Falls of Halladale would have been used to join two sections of one of the tall masts. As sailing ships became larger there was a need for taller masts or spars, which became difficult or impossible to find. To overcome this problem mast was divided into sections; lower and top or upper mast (on some of the ‘tall ships’ a mast could be divided into three or even four sections). The Falls of Halladale was a four-masted British barque built-in 1886. On what turned out to be her fatal journey, she had left New York for Melbourne in late 1908. She ran aground on a reef close to the shore west of Peterborough, South West Victoria, on November 14th. All 29 crew eventually landed safely onshore. The wrecked ship stayed on the reef for several months as locals watched the sails slowly deteriorate. The salvaged cargo included slate tiles, as mentioned above, and many of these have been used on the roof of buildings at the Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village. The iron-hulled, four-masted barque, the Falls of Halladale, was a bulk carrier of general cargo. She left New York in August 1908 on her way to Melbourne and Sydney. In her hold, along with 56,763 tiles of unusual beautiful green American slates (roofing tiles), 5,673 coils of barbed wire, 600 stoves, 500 sewing machines, 6500 gallons of oil, 14400 gallons of benzene, and many other manufactured items, were 117 cases of crockery and glassware. Three months later and close to her destination, a navigational error caused the Falls of Halladale to be wrecked on a reef off the Peterborough headland at 3 am on the morning of the 15th of November, 1908. The captain and 29 crew members all survived, but her valuable cargo was largely lost, despite two salvage attempts in 1908-09 and 1910. ABOUT THE ‘FALLS OF HALLADALE’ (1886 - 1908) Built: in1886 by Russell & Co., Greenock shipyards, River Clyde, Scotland, UK. The company was founded in 1870 (or 1873) as a partnership between Joseph Russell (1834-1917), Anderson Rodger and William Todd Lithgow. During the period 1882-92 Russell & Co., standardised designs, which sped up their building process so much that they were able to build 271 ships over that time. In 1886 they introduced a 3000 ton class of sailing vessel with auxiliary engines and brace halyard winches. In 1890 they broke the world output record. Owner: Falls Line, Wright, Breakenridge & Co, 111 Union Street, Glasgow, Scotland. Configuration: Four masted sailing ship; iron-hulled barque; iron masts, wire rigging, fore & aft lifting bridges. Size: Length 83.87m x Breadth 12.6m x Depth 7.23m, Gross tonnage 2085 ton Wrecked: the night of 14th November 1908, Curdies Inlet, Peterborough south west Victoria Crew: 29 The Falls of Halladale was a four-masted sailing ship built-in 1886 in Glasgow, Scotland, for the long-distance cargo trade and was mostly used for Pacific grain trade. She was owned by Wright, Breakenridge & Co of Glasgow and was one of several Falls Line ships, all of which were named after waterfalls in Scotland. The lines flag was of red, blue and white vertical stripes. The Falls of Halladale had a sturdy construction built to carry maximum cargo and able to maintain full sail in heavy gales, one of the last of the ‘windjammers’ that sailed the Trade Route. She and her sister ship, the Falls of Garry, were the first ships in the world to include fore and aft lifting bridges. Previous to this, heavily loaded vessels could have heavy seas break along the full length of the deck, causing serious injury or even death to those on deck. The new, raised catwalk-type decking allowed the crew to move above the deck stormy conditions. This idea is still used today on the most modern tankers and cargo vessels and has proved to be an important step forward in the safety of men at sea. On 4th August 1908, with new sails, 29 crew, and 2800 tons of cargo, the Falls of Halladale left New York, bound for Melbourne and Sydney via the Cape of Good Hope. The cargo on board was valued at £35,000 and included 56,763 tiles of American slate roofing tiles (roof slates), 5,673 coils of barbed wire, 600 stoves, 500 sewing machines, 6,500 gallons of oil, 14,400 gallons of benzene, plumbing iron, 117 cases of crockery and glassware and many other manufactured items. The Falls of Halladale had been at sail for 102 days when, at 3 am on the night of 14th November 1908, under full sail in calm seas with a six knots breeze behind and misleading fog along the coast, the great vessel rose upon an ocean swell and settled on top of a submerged reef near Peterborough on the south-west Victoria’s coast. The ship was jammed on the rocks and began filling with water. The crew launched the two lifeboats and all 29 crew landed safely on the beach over 4 miles away at the Bay of Islands. The postmistress at Peterborough, who kept a watch for vessels in distress, saw the stranding and sent out an alert to the local people. A rescue party went to the aid of the sailors and the Port Campbell rocket crew was dispatched, but the crew had all managed to reach shore safely by the time help arrived. The ship stayed in full sail on the rocky shelf for nearly two months, attracting hundreds of sightseers who watched her slowly disintegrate until the pounding seas and dynamiting by salvagers finally broke her back, and her remains disappeared back into deeper water. The valuable cargo was largely lost, despite two salvage attempts in 1908-09 and 1910. Further salvage operations were made from 1974-1986, during which time 22,000 slate tiles were recovered with the help of 14 oil drums to float them, plus personal artefacts, ship fittings, reams of paper and other items. The Court of Marine Inquiry in Melbourne ruled that the foundering of the ship was entirely due to Captain David Wood Thomson’s navigational error, not too technical failure of the Clyde-built ship. The shipwreck is a popular site for divers, about 300m offshore and in 3 – 15m of water. Some of the original cargo can be seen at the site, including pieces of roof slate and coils of barbed wire. This mast collar is significant due to its association with the ship FALLS OF HALLADALE, which is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register, VHR S255 The Falls of Halladale shipwreck is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register (No. S255). She was one of the last ships to sail the Trade Routes. She is one of the first vessels to have fore and aft lifting bridges. She is an example of the remains of an International Cargo Ship and also represents aspects of Victoria’s shipping industry. The wreck is protected as a Historic Shipwreck under the Commonwealth Historic Shipwrecks Act (1976). Mast collar, steel, salvaged from the shipwreck FALLS OF HALLADALE, wrecked off the coast of Peterborough, South West Victoria. Oval shaped a band of metal with a straight band of same heights attached between the long sides. Two metal loops are attached to the outside of the oval shape, next to the crossing band. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, falls of halladale, shipwreck peterborough vic, sailing ship mast collar, masthead of sailing ship, falls of halladale mast collar, masthead, mast collar, ship rigging 1908, russell & co.

Rawleigh's Ready Relief was advertised for checking and relieving head colds and catarrh. W. T. Rawleighs Co Ltd was a Canadian firm who expanded their food manufacturing business to Australia in 1928. In 1934 they purchased land in Dawson Road, Brunswick and built a five storey brick and reinforced factory. The building was still standing in 2022.Clear glass bottle with white plastic screw on lid. Paper wrap around label printed in green, black and pinkFRONT: Rawleigh's Ready Relief as an aromatic inhalation Net 30 ml W. T. Rawleigh Co Ltd. 60 Dawson St. Brunswick Victoria, 3056. LEFT SIDE: Active Constituents % w/w Alcohol 57.571, Camphor Crystals 4.789, Menthol Crystals 10.200, Menthol Liquid 5.100, Oil of Lavender 50% 18.124 Oil of Pinus Pumilous 0.786, Oil of Eucalyptus 0.180, Musc Ambrette Solution 0.20, Dist. Water 3.00. Reg. Vic 18810 E2012 RIGHT SIDE: Directions: Place drop or tow on folded handkerchief. Inhale gently, then gradually deepen inhalation. At night put a few drops at end of pillow. Not recommended for children under three years. Keep tightly closed. Store in cool place.medical, rawleighs co ltd, brunswick

A white flyer with black and white print. On the front cover is a photo of Paul Dufault and the words, ' Paul Dufault The Great Dramatic Tenor Assisted by Violet Clark Soprano, Ernest Toy Violinist, Harold Whittle Pianist. Lyric Theatre Two Concerts Monday, December 22nd and Christmas Night. Direction Frederic Shipman. On the inside of the document is a list of Dufault's successes in Australasia and on the back cover are biographies and photos of the support cast. Also the words Touring Manager John Griffiths, Troedel & Cooper Pty. Ltd., Print, Melb. There is also a postcard with a photo of 'Paul Dufault the French-Canadian Tenor,' and on the back are the words to ' La Marseillaise the great battle hymn of the French Nation, as sung by Paul Dufault at his Concerts.'program, music, singing, lydia chancellor, collection, music, singing, concert, entertainment, event, programme, program

Photo album, brown hard cover, writing in gold leaf ' Victorian Centenary Illuminations 1934' Contains black and white images of Melbourne, taken at night. Includes, south bank of Yarra, Princes Bridge, Collins Street, Flinders Street, Elizabeth Street, Shrine of Remembrance, St. Kilda, Swanston Street, Hawthorn War Memorial, State Electricity Commission Head Office, Electricity supply Building, Electricity Commission and Port Authority buildings, South Melbourne Town hall, Hotel Windsor, Parliament House, Town hall, Fire Brigade building, State Savings Bank, National Bank, Melbourne town hall, Bank of Australia, Port Authority Building, Steam Tower. All the photographs in this album pertain to the City of Melbourne, and have NOT been scanned.cottage, miners, melbourne, melbourne, centenary

black and white image: Central Deborah Gold Mine Co. N.L poppet head. Photo traken at night, poppet head is illuminated. Corrugated iron building on lower LH side.bendigo, gold mining, central deborah gold mine nl, bendigo, central deborah gold mine n.l., gold mining

black and white image: image of Post Office building, taken at night. Building is illuminated. Clock on tower shows 8.05. Group of people looking at building ( bottom LH side of image ) Cars parked along street, verandah of Shamrock Hotel in foreground. C 1970's ?bendigo, buildings, post office, bendigo, post office, pall mall, shamrock hotel

Fine white cotton round neckline edged with lace. Three lace panels on centre bodice. Long ties are stitched down at the centre of the gown, with an embroidered cotton lace overlay, defining the bodice and skirt. Narrow pleats between the three lace panels, give fullness to the front bodice. Long sleeves are edged with narrow lace, and slight gathering gives the impression of a cuff. A six cm band of cotton lace edges the hemline. Six cm wide band of lace at hemline.costume, children's, night gown

Black and white photo of trams on Pall Mall, just off Mitchell Street corner. 'Cafe' sign on first floor verandah on immediate right of image. No 29 tram departing for North Bendigo., No 28 destined for Golden Square. Beehive building in background. Photo taken at night. Trams have lights on.basil miller, bendigo tramways, pall mall

black and white photograph: cottage, galvanised iron roof, stone construction. Central door, sash windows, 2 chimneys. Right of photo word ' Boar' Picture taken late Autumn. Handwritten in ink ' City Hotel, Barnard St., Cnr. Mercy Street ' Written in pencil ' this is the Mercy Street entrance, demolished in the 1950's'. Occupiers ' Mrs. W. Moore, board and residence later - Mrs Burns confectionary, shop about 1914. Later - Nielson Family 1920's - 1930's to ? ( Will Nielson was night worker at Cohn's Brewery )buildings, residential, cottage

Photograph - black and white. Written on back of photo Corner Mitchell and Hargreaves Streets, Bendigo. Telegraph Hotel closed 1916. Cira 1920's. Taken at night, street lights on. J.J.Cocking Chemist, (old Telegraph Hotel).Vincent Kelly, Bendigo.place, bendigo, mitchell st, mitchell and hargreaves streets, bendigo.

Photograph - black and white. Written on back Mitchell Street looking towards Charing Cross. Circa 1920's. A night photo, tram tracks, street lights on.Vincent Kelly, Bendigo.place, bendigo, mitchell st, mitchell street, bendigo (charing cross)

Black and white photograph of a large group of miners outside a wooden building. On the of building are handrails and steps leading to a door. All men are wearing hats. Written on back is 'Royal Historical Society of Vic. Bendigo Branch'. 'photo was given by Cyril Jacobs. Probably 'Great Extended Hustlers', 'L Hocking second from left in back row. W Bullen sitting in front facing left. Night Shift'.cottage, miners

The Bendigo golf Club was formed in 1901 with the golf links at Epsom being opened 21/8/1901.Black and white photograph titled "golfers of 1910". The photo was published by the Bendigo Advertiser on March 30th, 1957. The photo is described as follow: members of the Bendigo golf club at their annual meeting last night were keenly interested in an enlarged photograph of members of the club in 1910. They were all prominent citizens but only a couple are still alive' Back row: J.B. Young, J.H. Dunne, A. Lamb, W.F. Creeth, Dr. F.C. Burke Gaffney, C. Sagar, A. Goldie. Standing: Chas Tatchell, S. White, F.J. Macaboy, G.F. Freeman, F.L. Binks, Dr. A.F. Frost, W.R. Pennycook, B. Heyett, G. Mackay, Dr. H.A. Deravin. Sitting: W.A. Steward, Dr. T.E. Green, J.H. Abbott, E.G. Mueller, W. Weddell, Dr. N.S. Deravin, Front: F. Baker and E.J. Keogh. The photo and article are glued to a piece of cardboard.Bendigo Advertiser March 30th 1957.bendigo golf club, bendigo advertiser, golfers of 1910

The Desert Song" is an operetta based on the uprising of a Berber group against French Colonial rule in Morocco. The music was by Sigmund Romberg and the lyrics were a collaboration between Oscar Hammerstein II, Harbach and Mandel. It opened on Broadway in 1926.Bendigo Operatic Society Program for the production of The Desert Song White & orange/pink front page with a picture image of a desert scene Information on front cover: At the Capital Theatre for a five night season commencing 14th Nov, 1969 8 double sided pages with black & white photos of cast & production teamsouvenir programme, bendigo operatic society

Small red tin plate kerosene childs night light commonly called Pixie lamps, base filled with gravel or sand to prevent tipping over, small milk white glass chimney, brass burner complete with wick.Wick winder reads GWB British madelighting, kerosine & oil, kerosene

Black and white image: head and shoulders of Mr. Alexander Watson, dressed in dark jacket, tie and turn down collar. Written on top 'Mr. Alexander Watson's power of expression amounts to genius' - T.P. O'Connor, 5th. Dec. 1913' On bottom 'Mr. Alexander Watson, His work is beyond all praise' - London 'Morning Post 2nd. Dec. 1913' On rear of postcard Two nights only 18th & 19th. May. Masonic Hall, Monday evening, 18th. May. Mr. Alexander Watson, will present a special Kipling night: McAndrew's Hymn; Oonts, The glory of the Garden 'Boots' Fuzzy Wuzzy 'Gunga din'. The Bolivar 'The clampherdown' 'Shamus O'Brien' 'Punch Brothers'. Tuesday, May 19th Part 1, The Merchant of Venice, Part 11 Charles Dickens & J.M. Barrie.person, individual, alexander watson, bendigo, petherd, chancellor, alexander watson, masonic hall, sandhurst

Small ceramic night light in the shape of a crown resting on a tasselled cushion. White ceramic with gold decorations to crown, rope edge on pillow & tassels. Twin flex power cord with 3 pin Bakelite plug connected to a socket with small globe & inserted into bottom of lamp. Pencil mark underneath 74/5 R067Small ceramic night light in the shape of a crown resting on a tasselled cushion. White ceramic with gold decorations to crown, rope edge on pillow & tassels. Twin flex power cord with 3 pin Bakelite plug connected to a socket with small globe & inserted into bottom of lamp. Pencil mark underneath 74/5 R067lighting, electric, night light

Black and white phptograph in a black and silver frame of a Soldier on night patrolvietnam war, 1961 - 1975 -- veterans -- australia, vietnam war, 1961 - 1975, personal narratives - australian, photograph

Black and white photo of a large group of men, perhaps members of a lodge. Setting would appear to be of town hall dimensions, although uncertain which. Table at front has a cricket trophy displayed, along with badges/medals to be presented. The trophy may be for the AOF cricket premiers 1926-27 referred to in cat no 3792 It is expected that David hume is present, although not identified.sport - cricket, social activities, celebrations fetes and exhibitions, david hume, vera hume, aof cricket