Gold was discovered in Ballarat in 1851 when many people rushed to the diggings. A monument commemorates the centenary of the finding of gold at Poverty Point and is dedicated to the memory of pioneer miners of Ballarat. It records gold yields, nuggets and the richest recorded yields of both alluvial and quartz mines. The replica gold nugget on the monument is the `Welcome Nugget`, found in Ballarat in 1858, weighed 2,217 ounces and was sold for £10,500. The memorial, known as the Pioneer Miners’ Monument, was made to commemorate Ballarat's gold centenary. It was proposed that part of the Pioneers' Memorial Fund might be used. This fund was started with £1300 profit from the 1938 centenary celebrations. (Age (Melbourne), The monument was created by John Edward Skilbeck, a toolmaker with Ronaldson and Tippett. John Skilbeck had a deep interest in Ballarat History, and undertook much research with Bert Strange and Keith Stacpoole. Councilllor William Ernest Roff provided the copper for the memorial from scrap copper obtained during his plumbing business. The copper was reworked by John Skilbeck, and was soldered in the kitchen of his home at 14 Frank Street. Colour photograph of the gold monument on the corner of Sturt Street and Albert Street, Ballarat. It commemorates the discovery of gold at Poverty Point in August 1851, and was The monument was unveiled in 1951 and is mainly constructed of large piecesof quartz, with a miniature popper head on the top made of copper. Mounted on the side is a replica of the Welcome Nugget, which was unearthed on the corner of Humffray and Mair Streets, Ballarat on 09 June 1858.FRONT This monument was erected by the Ballarat Historical Society to commemorate the finding of gold at Poverty Point 21st August 1851 and is dedicated to the memory of/ pioneer miners of Ballarat LEFT SIDE Richest recorded yields alluvial mines Band of Hope 303269 Ozs Prince of Wales 168929 Koh I Noor 164157 Great Redan Ex 110111 Albion 107125 Bonshaw Fr 96520 Park 94699 St George 86702 Sir Wm Don 76830 Hand in Hand 76830 Sir Henry Loch 43562 Quartz Mines Star of the East 256758 Ozs Band of Hope 158299 Victoria United 152013 N Woah Hawp 129562 New Normanby 127562 Britannia 103225 Llanberris No 1 100533 Black Hill 91665 Last Chance U 83766 Llanberris 71364 Speedwell 66000 South Star 64444 Sulieman Pasha Companies 62666 RIGHT Recorded gold yield 20606000 ozs Nuggets Alluvial Welcome 2217 ozs Saraha Snads 1619 Lady Hotham 1177 Canadian 1 1117 Canadian 2 1011 Koh 1 Noor 834 Eureka 625 Lady Loch 617 Prince of Wales 606 Bakery Hill 571 Native Youth 540 Faboulous yields of earliest diggings not offically recorded Quartz Nuggets N Woah Hawp 5-- 300 200 Ozs White Horse 500 Woah Hawp 444 266 262 Canton 257 200 Q Victoria lease 410 U Black Hill Coy 315 Tinworths 250 Parade Coy 245gold monument, ballarat, skilbeck, poppet head, j.e. skilbeck, john skilbeck

Anglican services were first held in Carisbrook in 1851. In 1854 church services and a school were conducted in the Parish Hall. In 1864 - 1866 the blue stone church was erected. The interior was renovated in 1966 and the vestry was added in 1972. St Paul's Carisbrook was decommissioned in 2015, with the last service being held on 31 October 2015 after 149 years of worship.Colour photograph of a Church at Carisbrook, Victoria.carisbrook, church, st paul's anglican church carisbrook, carisbrook church of england

The Colony of Victoria separated from New South Wales on 01 July 1851.Photograph of Melbourne's Separation TreeSeparation Tree' Under this tree on 15th November 1850 public rejoicings of citizens of Melbourne took place in Celebration of the Colony of Victoria from New South Wales on 1st July 1851.victoria, melbourne, separation tree, colony of victoria

"Centenary of Fnrst Mass at Ballarat Friday last marked the centenary of the arrival of the first priest and the celebration of the first Mass in Ballarat. The Rev. Patrick Dunne reached the diggings on October 17, and on Sunday, October 19, 1851, in a bark hut near Brown Hill, he celebrated Mass. Worshippers had to kneel on quartz gravel. The weather had been the worst experienced in Victoria for a number of years, and most of the creeks between Melbourne and Ballarat were flowing torrents, but Father Dunne (who came from the Coburg mission), carrying the barest necessities and the sacred vestments, set out for Ballarat on horseback. He had to ford and swim his horse across the creeks. When most of his congregation left for the Castlemaine diggings Father Dunne returned to Melbourne. In August, 1852, Rev. Matthew Downing became Ballarat's first resident priest. He built a large wooden structure with a canvas roof which served as a church, but later erected at the Gravel Pits the first permanent church. This church was the largest of any house of worship on any goldfield in the colony. It cost £ 100, contributed solely by Father Downing and his flock. Soon after he got the authorities to survey a large piece of land at the back of the township as a burial ground and procured a grant of £500 for fencing it. A grant of £250 was also obtained for the improvement of the chapel and fittings of a school, where Michael Campion Carey opened the first school. Rev. Patrick Smyth succeeded Father Downing, who was followed by Rev. P. Madden, who in 1857 began to plan the erection of St. Patrick's Church. The foundation stone of this was laid by Bishop Goold on February 12, 1858, and the church was opened for the first time on November 8, 1863." (Melbourne Advocate 25 October 1951)Two colour photographs showing the St Alipius' Catholic Church flag - a blue cross and border on white. st alipius, church, ballarat east, flag

Some Irish immigrants came from Galway, Ireland. Among them were Patrick Kennedy and Dennis Kinnane who emigrated as Bounty passengers on the Himalaya, arriving in the Port Phillip District in February 1842. Patrick Kennedy was the first person officially to be hanged in 1851 in the newly formed Colony of Victoria.houses, galway bay, ireland, dennis kinnane, patrick kennedy, hanging, colony of victoria, himalaya, port phillip district, kennedy, kinnane, 1842, galway

From Victoria and Metropolis.Black and white image of a poster announcing the separation of Victoria from New South Wales. aboriginal, aborigines, separation, poster, victoria

"Victoria the Golden" documents life in Victoria between 1850 and 1862 as viewed by artist William Strutt. Momentous events in the Colony’s history such as Separation Day (1 July 1851), the sitting of the first Legislative Council (13 November 1851), the death of Burke (June 1861) and the Black Thursday bushfires (6 February 1851) are depicted. In 1907 the Premier of Victoria Thomas Bent purchased "Victoria the Golden" from Strutt for £120 and presented it to the Library. The album depicts events in chronological order with what Strutt considered “fidelity to nature and accuracy”, so that present day Victorians may view the sketches “as records of what we may now look upon as the dim past in the rapidly progressive history of Victoria”. Victoria the Golden is celebrated as one of the Parliament’s great treasures. It is a testament to William Strutt’s skill as a draughtsman and contains over 100 assorted images which were executed between the years of 1850-1862. Strutt’s particular talent was to be able to step back and record each event with particular care to detail. Many of the pieces contained within this album are littered with notes, such as the correct resting position of a corporal’s sword or details about the cloth and cut of a subject’s jacket. Strutt also notes in one of his many sketches of the new Legislative Council chamber at Spring Street that the President, Sir James Palmer, is seated ‘a little too high’ (page 30). Throughout the album, Strutt’s illustrations bring to life the diverse nature and peoples of the new colony. His range of subjects is comprehensive and includes parliamentarians, lawyers, wives and daughters, merchants, labourers, police and military officers, indigenous communities, farmers, miners, prisoners and explorers. The everyday and the extraordinary are depicted with each turn of the page. 44 leaves heavy card, approximately 1mm thick. Sketches, watercolours and prints of varying sizes and papers are glued onto the pages. Full leather binding in blue leather with title and decorative border in gold. There are four raised bands on the spine, with gold decoration on the bands and at the head and tail of the spine. Marbled end papers and flyleaves. Gold on the edges of the book block. Card pages have a sheet of mottled blue paper on recto. Album leaf connection is a guarded system with stiff stubs and cloth hinges. Each page has a sheet of glassine paper attached at the binding edge to protect the images. Many pages stamped with "Parliament of Victoria" verso. Printed in gold, recto: "VICTORIA THE GOLDEN/ SCENES,/ SKETCHES,/ AND JOTTINGS FROM NATURE./ BY/ Wm. STRUTT/ MELBOURNE, VICTORIA./ 1850-1862" First pages include handwritten 'introductory remarks' and index of plates.parliament of victoria, colony of victoria, separation day, victorian legislative council, burke and wills expedition, wills, william john, 1834-1861, burke, robert o'hara, 1821-1861, strutt, william, 1825-1915, bent, thomas sir, 1838-1909, native police corps, fawkner, john pascoe, 1792-1869, black thursday bushfires, gold rush, princes bridge, melbourne

In 1966 the Victorian Parliamentary Library established a newspaper clipping service. This sign, among many created by the Library, provided helpful instruction to Members of Parliament on how they should treat collection material. The Library was managed by a committee of Members of Parliament from 1851 to 2004, when the Library then became part of the Department of Parliamentary Services.Sign issued by the Library Committee advising Members to not remove newspaper clippings from files. Paper and cardboard with black printed text.Printed black ink, recto: "Newspapers are not to be/ removed from the files, nor/ are they to be mutilated./ Hon. Members are asked/ to co-operate with the Library/ Committee in having this rule/ observed./ By order of the Library Committee./ 14476/42". parliament of victoria, victorian parliamentary library, library committee

The Old Identities Association was the forerunner ofThe Old Colonists' Association. This particular medal was presented to R.W. Wright who arrived in Ballarat in August 1853. It was purchased by the Old Colonists' Association in 2014. Other known medals were presented to :- * Arthur Croft who arrived in 1852 (Museum of Victoria) * Isaac Croft who arrived in September 1851 (Gold Museum) * Ben Story (Ballarat Historical Society) * John Brokenshire (Private Collection)Ballarat Old Identities medal in a box. The medal shows a gold cradle and other mining tools, and was presented to members of the Old Indentities Association. To qualify as a member you had to have arrived in Ballarat between 1851 and 1854. "Mr Welch, jeweller, of Sturt street, has just manufactured 60 medals, for issue to the members of the Old Identities' Association of Ballarat. Each is suitably inscribed and ornamented. The medals will be on view to day in Mr Welch’s window. " (Ballarat Star, 11 October 1884)ballarat old colonists' association, ballarat old colonists' club, old colonists' association, ballarat, ballarat old identities, r.w. wright

Yields information about the postal services in the Ballarat region.Pamphlet - 3 folds - printed on semi gloss paper, titled "Ballarat Post Offices since the gold discovery of 1851", outlining the history of the post offices in Ballarat, prepared for the Ballarat Historical Park Association (Sovereign Hill), 12/9/1972. Details the history of the postal services and deliveries with a background of the establishment of Victoria and Ballarat in particular, centred around the discovery of gold. Includes notes on the construction of the Ballarat post offices and their history. Has the Park Association logo on the rear.trams, tramways, post office, gold, sovereign hill

Demonstrates aspects of Safeworking on the Ballarat Tramway system from 1960 to c1936 when replaced by electric signs. Yields Information about the operation of Ballarat's trams and safeworking procedures.Cast brass item with a flat part recessed section with the words "BALLARAT TRAMWAYS SECTION STAFF" cast into the surface and a flat section underneath, flush with the outside edges in which the words "VICTORIA PARK LOOP / CARLTON ST LOOP" stamped in. Has an open rounded end which forms a handle or a point where it could be hung on a peg. The top line of words has a reddish paint inlay. Used as a means of authorising a tramcar to have sole use of the track between the named points to avoid head on collisions. Safeworking object - known as a section staff. Not known when made, but in use until the introduction of the electric signalling in the mid 1930's by the SEC. See also Reg Items 934 and 988 for details of use and other examples are at 1851, to 53, 2473 and 4444 to 4448 and Reg item 934 and 988 for articles on the safeworking systems.trams, tramways, staff, safeworking, tramway staffs, sec, signals

Bendigo Town Hall, Heritage Victoria ''A Goldfields Palace Blue Leaflet'' with coloured photographs and white text. Photographs courtesy of Westox Pty Ltd and the City of Greater Bendigo. 2002. Front page features the extensive work that would be undertaken for the restoration. A time line beginning 1851, gold discovered in Bendigo. 1854 German-born W. C. Vahland arrived in the colony. 1855 Town of Sandhurst (Bendigo) became a municipality. 1856 First Town Hall was a small timber building on View point. 1857 Vahland sets up his architectural practice with Robert Getzschmann. 1859 A new, two-storey Italianate Town hall designed by George Fletcher, Town Surveyor, was built. 1866-77 Two-storey extension added to the north of the building to house the council chamber. 1871-72 Addition of the Corn Exchange comprising two storeys and a basement to the north of the building. 1878-87 Major remodelling of the exterior and interior carried out to the designs of architect W. C. Vahland. The work comprised major extensions and the addition of three towers and mansard roof, reconstruction of the main stair, decorative plasterwork by Otto Waschatz (decorated Royal palace, Copenhagen), and council chamber painted by W. J. Straugher. 1902 Painting of the main hall by Coulter and Smith of Bendigo. 1913-15 Remodelling of offices. 1926 Replacement of main Hargreaves Street hall entrance, foyer and balcony with stage. 2000 Restoration works to the Town hall commence. The middle pages and the back show some of the conservation works that were required.bendigo, tourism, town hall restoration, 4-2000 www.heritage.vic.gov.au

ROSEVIEW 407 High Street, Golden Square Bendigo "Roseview" was designed by Godfrey Eathorne and constructed in 1939. It is one of the few Streamline Moderne houses in the Central Goldfields region, and was one of the earliest constructed in the Bendigo region. It is an outstanding example of this style of housing. It resembles an ocean liner, and reflects the emphasis on the streamlining of methods of transportation. It utilizes both flat and curved surfaces and has little external ornamentation. The use of materials such as rounded glass windows and metal window and door frames reflects an innovative approach to construction consistent with the style. "Roseview" was constructed on a large scale, with large and spacious rooms. It reflects the prominent social status and wealth of the original owner, together with the desire for a building in 'the latest' style which was sure to attract attention and prominence in the region. It has been maintained largely in original condition. CARALULUP HOTEL 'The Sun' dated January 17, 1941 on the back. It states that 'The licence of Caralulup Hotel, near Talbot, has been surrendered, thus severing an 80 year association with the district' State Library of Victoria TOLMER GOLD ESCORT ROUTE The gold rush in New South Wales and Victoria left few able miners in South Australia. Bad economic conditions saw more than 15,000 men leave the Kapunda and Burra mines by the end of 1851. Alexander Tolmer, Commissioner of Police in 1852 proposed that the gold won by South Australians should be brought back to South Australia under an escort consisting of only a few men. In March a Gold Escort was on its way back to Adelaide with almost 6,000 ounces of gold for the vaults of the Treasury Building. After this successful trip Tolmer led two other escorts before handing over his duties. A total of eighteen gold escorts were made, the last one during November and December 1853 when Inspector Wyndham was in charge. You’ll find Gold Escort Route Monuments between Meningie, Coonalpyn and Tintinara.Many images from by Arthur Pulfer copied to slides. Twenty Slides of Bendigo: Bullen's Circus Bendigo February 1966 "Roseview", Pethard's Home at 407 High Street, Golden Square, Bendigo. 25th March 1957. House is possibly on the Midland Highway Epsom, Bendigo - 8 April 1955 Kangaroo Flat Bus Lines mini bus The Big Tree Sedgwick Road March 1972 The old Golden Gully Hotel Diamond Hill Road, Bendigo The old Lockup Eaglehawk Bendigo September 1967 Market Gardens - possibly North Bendigo North Deborah Mine photo taken from Breen Street 1958 Laying the track to get the engine into the park, looking down Mitchell Street Bendigo Engine R766 in the Victorian Railways Institute Park Railway Place Bendigo On the Methodist Church Steps Arnold street Bendigo Miner's Hut at Moliagul Basket Lunch - White Hills Botanical Gardens - St johns 100 year celebrations White Hills Swimming Pool February 1970 White Hills Botanical Gardens Bendigo Bendigo Show Parade 1958 The Arrival of the Cobb and Co Coach in Bendigo September 1963 history, bendigo, james lerk collection, golden square high school, dragon loong, white hill botanical gardens, 407 high street bendigo, r766 engine, bullens circus, caralulup, moligual, bendigo show, tolmer's gold route, kangaroo flat bus lines, eaglehawk lockup, arnold street methodist church, elephants

Diggers & Mining: Diggers & Mining. Slide reads; Working from very imperfect records, all we can say is that, from 1851 to 1858, while new fields were being discovered, and much gold was to be obtained by primitive methods, the number of independent digger grew rapidly (though in the latter years of this period the average earnings per digger was falling rapidly). There were certainly over 100, 000 diggers in Victoria in 1858. Markings: 51/ 994:LIF 1. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, mining

The Monster Meeting Book, how Eureka began with the 1851 Forest Creek monster meeting of diggers, written by Jan'Yarn' Wositzky edited by Patricia Healy published by Chewton Domain Society 2014, in a spring bound binder with 171 pages containing coloured illustrations, photographs and maps.Jan Wositzkyvictoria, history, monster meeting chewton

St Andrew’s Anglican Church, located at 228 New St, Brighton, is the oldest continuous Anglican Church in Victoria. Opened on St Andrews day in 1842, it was one of the earliest Christian churches established in the Port Phillip District. A second church building was erected on the site in 1851, followed by a third building and schoolhouse in 1857 which was enlarged in 1886. A fire in 1961 engulfed the building and renowned Australian church architect Louis Williams was appointed to be the architect of the new building. The present church complex is amongst the largest church buildings in Australasia. Using over 500,000 bricks and over 16,000 roof tiles, this space consisted of three areas: the main church building, the Pioneer chapel and the Lady chapel. The large arcaded cloister, seen in this painting, with an internal cloister garden, is extremely rare in any church in Australasia, and links the Pioneer Chapel to the narthex of the new building.John C. Paul, St. Andrew's Brighton 1971, watercolour, 44 x 30.5 cm. Bayside City Council Art and Heritage Collection. Purchased 1974.brighton, john c paul, st andrews, church, anglican, cloister, arcade

detail of historic buildingColour Photograph, 412 Learmonth St. house on land bought by Thomas Hiscock in 1851, thought to include original smithy on left, residence and shop on right.buninyong, thomas hiscock, blacksmith, victoria and eureka store, learmonth st.

When E. Whitehead's New Map of Victoria was released in 1869, an advertisement in the Bendigo Advertiser (16 July 1869) noted that: "This beautifully engraved Map has been revised and brought down to the present time; and, with the Alphabetical Key, is the most complete and the cheapest Map ever published; Price, 6d plain; 1s colored; 2s 6d in case; on linen, post free, 2d extra. E.. WHITEHEAD and CO, Publishers, 67 Collins-street east." The following year, 1870, Whitehead's promoted the edition in the Portland Guardian and Normanby General Advertiser (3 January 1870), advising that: "WHITEHEAD'S NEW MAP OF VICTORIA, 1869 ... is corrected to the latest date, and around is arranged an Alphabetical Key, with Post Towns and Money Order Olffices marked. The Map being divided into squares and numbered, by reference to the Key any place can be found immediately. Price Is beautifully colored, or mounted on linen in case, 2s 6d. Post free, 2d extra, in Victoria. B. Whitehead and C0., Puolishers, 67 Collins-street East, Melbourne". In the same edition of the Portland Advertiser, they also promoted their business generally, saying: "E WHITEHEAD and Co., Stationers, Engravers, Lithographers, 67 Collins street East, execute every description of Lithographic PRINTING, BILL-HEADS. NOTE Headings. Business Dies Engraved and Embossed on Envelopes &c. ARMS, MONOGRAMS, AND CRESTS Engraved and Embossed in Colour, superior to any other house in the Colony. Specimens, post free, 2d. Lithographers, &c, to H.R.H. the Duke of Edinburgh, and Die-inkers and Embossers to His Excellency Sir J. H. T. Manners-Sutton, K C.B. Orders executed for the Trade". Whitehead’s New Map of Victoria 1869 is is an important record of region created towards the end of the Victorian Gold Rush (1851-1869). In addition to its historical significance, this is a rare map, of which the only known copies in Australian public collections are those held at the National Library of Australia, the State Library of Victoria, State Library of New South Wales and the University of Queensland Library.Map of Victoria with gold mining areas, notes on topography, transport routes. Relief shown by hachures. List of towns with distance from Melbourne in map margin. [Melbourne] : Printed & Published by ... E Whitehead & Co ... 67 Collins Street East, 1869 1 map : col., mounted on linen ; 38.4 x 55.4 cm, folded to 18 x 12 cm.Cover "WHITEHEAD'S NEW MAP OF VICTORIA 1869"maps - victoria - 1860s, e whitehead's new map of victoria 1869, whitehead's map of victoria with alphabetical key 1869, cartography, gold rush

Limited edition architectural history of Melbourne's churchesLimited edition170 p. : ill. 25 cmPublished in 1963 in an edition limited to 950 copies which this is no. 248churches - melbourne (vic), church architecture - melbourne - victoria

Carlton, Vic. : Melbourne University Press, 1984 xvii, 362 p., [14] p. of plates : ill., facsims., maps, ports. ; 24 cm. non-fictionmelbourne metropolitan area (vic) -- politics and government -- 1851-1891., urbanization -- victoria -- melbourne.

'Sunninghill' at 228 Cotham Road (Kew) is an historically significant building due to its associations with Joseph Thomas (Bland) Holt (1851-1942), theatre entrepreneur and actor who lived at the house following his retirement in 1909. Sunninghill (aka Sunning Hill) was one of his residences in Victoria (also 'The Anchorage' at Sorrento). Following Holt's death at Sunninghill on 28 June 1942, the house was left to his wife. After her death the house was bequeathed to Lucy Coppin, daughter of George Coppin. The 'Shakespeare Window' in the State Library of Victoria was at one stage installed in the house. References 'Death of Mr Bland Holt: Great exponent of melodrama', The Argus, 30 June 1942, p. 3. Shoesmith D, 'Holt, Joseph Thomas (Bland) (1851-1942)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, Vol 4, 1972. 'The Shakespeare Window', State Library of Victoria website.Exterior photographs (digital) of Sunninghill, 228 Cotham Road, Kew VIC 3101. sunninghill - 228 cotham road - kew (vic), joseph thomas (bland) holt, lucy coppin

Foreword [L M Ling]. Preface. Education in Victoria. Why did some schools fail and others thrive? Victorian Private Schools. Adopting the character and culture of the British Public School. Some of the key players. Past schools. The Survivors. Conclusions. Appendices. Notes. Bibliography. Acknowledgements. Index. [194 pp]non-fictionHistory of education and past and present non-government schools in the local government area of the City of Boroondara (1994- ). Before 1994, the schools were located in the former municipalities of Camberwell, Hawthorn, Kew et al.education -- boroondara, schools -- history -- camberwell, schools -- history -- hawthorn, schools -- history -- kew, private schools -- boroondara (vic.)

Kew Primary School is the oldest school in Kew and was established on November 1, 1870. It predates the commencement of State education with its genesis lying in the year the colony was founded, namely, 1851. Nicholas Fenwick was recognized as the founder of Kew when he purchased an area of 122 acres (Lot 87) on which Kew Primary School now stands.Grade 2, Kew State School, 1915. One student, Ray Watson, front row, sixth from left is identified by an arrow and cross. Inscriptions front: "Kew State School. Grade 2. Year 1915. Ray Watson. Presented to the Kew Historic Society by Ray Watson, Oct 1978." Inscriptions reverse: "KH-229. Kew State School, Melbourne, Victoria. Grade 2 1915. Teacher Miss Thomas. Albert Raymond Watson. Age 7 years. Mrs Ivory's brother."kew state school, kew primary school -- peel street -- kew (vic.), schools -- kew, government schools -- kew (vic.)

This nightgown is believed to have belonged to Mrs Thomas Anne Ward Cole, an early Brighton resident and wife of George Ward Cole. The item appears to have been made or altered to accommodate a pregnant belly, however purpose made maternity clothing was not common at this time. Mrs Ward-Cole’s six pregnancies took place in 1843, 1844, 1845, 1847, 1849 and 1851. The style of this garment in particular the shape of the sleeves would indicate that it is most likely to have been constructed in circa 1860, so whilst it appears to be a maternity item, and historically has been referred to as thus, this purpose cannot be confirmed. George Ward Cole was an early member of the Victorian Parliament and the family featured prominently in Melbourne Society in their time. They established a substantial home known as “St Ninians” at 10 Miller Street in 1841. The family reportedly entertained Melbourne’s first Royal visitor The Duke Of Edinburgh, Queen Victoria’s second son, at St Ninians in 1867. In later years St Ninians was subsequently subdivided and later demolishedA hand sewn ivory cotton muslin nightgown, c. 1842–1850. The bodice is made of delicately embroidered muslin in a floral design. The open flat collar features a scalloped lace frill underneath. The bodice fastens with thirteen mother of pearl buttons down the centre front. After the fourth button, the remaining buttons are concealed beneath a full gathered modesty skirt, which falls from just below the bust line. The modesty panel is secured horizontally across the bodice by six mother of pearl buttons. The sleeves finish over the back and palm of the hand in two flattened peaks. The front of the gown consisting of the modesty front is full length. The modesty gown at both sides joins two panels that are an integrated part of the bodice. At the centre back there is a very full gathered panel with lace trim that falls to create a train. It is semi-attached to the bodice with a top section secured with mother of pearl buttons and small ties. The purpose of this design feature is unknown. st ninians, george ward cole, brighton, night gown, thomas anne ward cole

viii, 208 p., [17] p. of plates : ill., maps (lining-papers), ports ; 25 cm.non-fiction The diary of Sarah Midgley -- Letters -- The diary of Richard Skilbeck -- Afterword -- Richard Skilbeck's obituary.midgley, sarah, 1831-1893 -- diaries, skilbeck, richard, 1838-1924 -- diaries, frontier and pioneer life -- victoria, koroit (vic.) -- history -- sources, book