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Public Record Office Victoria
Legal record (item) - Divorce Papers for Frank Paice and Florence Paice (otherwise Cox)
A file previously held in the collection of the Supreme Court of Victoria and now in Public Record Office Victoria contains records of the annulment of the marriage of Florence Cox in 1919. As the earliest known record of a person with intersex variations in Victorian history, Cox’s story – and this record – are of unique historical significance to the LGBTIQ+ history of the State. Florence Cox (1887–1950) had a middle-class upbringing in Melbourne. In 1914 she travelled to Bengal to marry her fiancé Frank Paice and to join him in his missionary work for the Baptist church. The couple returned to Melbourne in 1918 and the following year the Supreme Court of Victoria, at Paice’s request, annulled their marriage. The Supreme Court file reveals that Paice declared he had been unable to consummate the marriage, due to ‘a malformation frigidity or other defect of the parts of generation’ of his wife. Both Paice and Cox were subject to medical examination, which established that Cox had what is recognised today as the intersex condition complete androgen insensitivity syndrome. The court determined that marital intercourse, as it was understood at the time, was impossible for Paice and Cox, and granted the request for an annulment. Paice remarried, fathered children and led a successful professional and civic life, serving a period as Mayor of Nunawading, in the middle- class eastern suburbs of Melbourne. Cox’s life was very different. It is unlikely that anyone in her life would have known what had prompted the end of the marriage, but gossip would certainly have focussed on her part in it. She never remarried and, although she remained connected to her family, her story was rarely discussed. Cox was admitted to Mont Park Mental Hospital in Melbourne’s northern suburbs in 1945, where she died five years later. The Supreme Court file preserves one of the most detailed medical descriptions of a person with intersex variations from that period. It is particularly striking that following the court case, the file was closed ‘forever’. This indicates how seriously the court took the case, and its determination to protect Cox and Paice from public scrutiny. It speaks loudly to the thinking of the time on a matter that was rarely, if ever, raised in public. In 1997, Cox’s great-nephew Ian Richardson set out to investigate the secrecy surrounding his great-aunt Florrie. Following a relentless, two-year campaign by Richardson and other descendants of Cox and Paice, the Supreme Court file was finally opened to the public. Richardson’s book, God’s Triangle, recounts his quest and brings Cox’s story out of the archives and into the light. Quoted from "A History of LGBTIQ+ Victoria in 100 Places and Objects" by Graham Willett, Angela Bailey, Timothy W. Jones and Sarah Rood. -
Mrs Aeneas Gunn Memorial Library
Book, John Masefield, Gallipoli, 1916
The Gallipoli campaign began one fateful Sunday morning in April 1915. It was to be Australia's test of nationhood. The Allied soldiers landed in the dark, crossing beaches tangled with barbed wire, passing mines and scaled the precipitous cliffs under machine-gun fire. An intense five-month campaign ensued, the lines so close that there was no respite from battle. With access to military documents, the poet John Masefield published this moving account of the Allied efforts in the Dardanelles less than a year after the defeat. The book was a huge success, as it gave glory to the bravery and determination of the young men who endured heat, toil, thirst, disease and pestilence but were always ready and willing to die in exultation for their cause.. Moving account of the Allied efforts in Dardanelles after the defeat.Ill, maps, p.183.non-fictionThe Gallipoli campaign began one fateful Sunday morning in April 1915. It was to be Australia's test of nationhood. The Allied soldiers landed in the dark, crossing beaches tangled with barbed wire, passing mines and scaled the precipitous cliffs under machine-gun fire. An intense five-month campaign ensued, the lines so close that there was no respite from battle. With access to military documents, the poet John Masefield published this moving account of the Allied efforts in the Dardanelles less than a year after the defeat. The book was a huge success, as it gave glory to the bravery and determination of the young men who endured heat, toil, thirst, disease and pestilence but were always ready and willing to die in exultation for their cause.. Moving account of the Allied efforts in Dardanelles after the defeat. world war 1914-1918 -campaigns - gallipoli, world war - campaigns - dardenalles. -
Mrs Aeneas Gunn Memorial Library
Book, Heinemann, Realities of War, 1920
Personal views of the Great War from a self described chroniclerp.455.non-fictionPersonal views of the Great War from a self described chroniclerworld war 1914-1918 - personal recollections, world war 1914-1918 - great britain -
Mrs Aeneas Gunn Memorial Library
Book, Heinemann, The soul of the war, 1915
Personal views of the Great War from a self described chroniclerp.362.non-fictionPersonal views of the Great War from a self described chroniclerworld war 1914-1918 - personal recollections, world war 1914-1918 - great britain -
Mrs Aeneas Gunn Memorial Library
Book, Paul Brickhill, Reach for the sky, 1954
In 1931, at the age of 21, Douglas Bader was the golden boy of the RAF. Excelling in everything he did he represented the Royal Air Force in aerobatics displays, played rugby for Harlequins, and was tipped to be the next England fly half. But one afternoon in December all his ambitions came to an abrupt end when he crashed his plane doing a particularly difficult and illegal aerobatic trick. His injuries were so bad that surgeons were forced to amputate both his legs to save his life. Douglas Bader did not fly again until the outbreak of the Second World War, where his undoubted skill in the air was enough to convince a desperate air force to give him his own squadron. The rest of his story is the stuff of legend. Flying Hurricanes in the Battle of Britain he led his squadron to kill after kill, keeping them all going with his unstoppable banter. Shot down in occupied France, his German captors had to confiscate his tin legs in order to stop him trying to escape. Bader faced it all, disability, leadership and capture, with the same charm, charisma and determination that was an inspiration to all around him.Index, ill, p.372.non-fictionIn 1931, at the age of 21, Douglas Bader was the golden boy of the RAF. Excelling in everything he did he represented the Royal Air Force in aerobatics displays, played rugby for Harlequins, and was tipped to be the next England fly half. But one afternoon in December all his ambitions came to an abrupt end when he crashed his plane doing a particularly difficult and illegal aerobatic trick. His injuries were so bad that surgeons were forced to amputate both his legs to save his life. Douglas Bader did not fly again until the outbreak of the Second World War, where his undoubted skill in the air was enough to convince a desperate air force to give him his own squadron. The rest of his story is the stuff of legend. Flying Hurricanes in the Battle of Britain he led his squadron to kill after kill, keeping them all going with his unstoppable banter. Shot down in occupied France, his German captors had to confiscate his tin legs in order to stop him trying to escape. Bader faced it all, disability, leadership and capture, with the same charm, charisma and determination that was an inspiration to all around him. world war 1939 - aerial operations - britain, douglas bader - biography -
Carlton Football Club
Paperback Book, The Dominator, 1991
Biography written with Ron Reed of one of Carlton's greatest playersWayne Johnston played in four Carlton Premierships, 1979,1981,1982 & 1987. He was known for his ability to bring his best games to finals. A damaging left foot and a fierce determination Wayne was a pivotal player in a golden era for Carlton.192 Page Paperback bookSignature inside cover appears to be "J Upton" -
Carlton Football Club
Exercise Book Scrapbook, Carlton Football Club 1958, 1958
An immaculate collection of newspaper articles & statistics compiled by Joan MacKenzie of the 1958 VFL seasonThe book contains an almost complete record of Carlton FC's 1958 season by Newspaper articles and self penned tables and statistics. The start of the 1958 season was tumultuous with infighting and committee factions. This period is superbly captured by the compiler of the scrap book. The 1958 season was not a successful one for Carlton; 1958 Summary In his final season, Ken Hands stepped down from the captaincy that he had held for the previous 5 and a half years. Unforunately, Carlton carried its losing form of the end of the 1957 season into 1958. The club would win only one of its first seven games, and that was against the previous years wooden spoon winner, Geelong. By the end of round 7, the Blues would sit dead last on the premiership table, and any chance of a finals appearance was gone. The club managed to turn its fortunes around from round 8, though, winning four games in a row and 7 of its last 11 games. This lifted us to seventh place on the ladder with an 8 win, 10 loss record for the year. This improved form would lay the foundation for 1959, Carlton's best year of the 1950's, when the club would win its first eight games, finish second on the ladder, and reach a Preliminary Final. A Lined Blue & Red Embassy Exercise Book. Embassy was Coles's Generic Brand. -
Tarnagulla History Archive
Brochure: Tarnagulla Self-guided Cemetery Tour, 2017
David Gordon Collection. -
Canterbury History Group
Book, Helen Doyle et al, Publishing history : a guide for historical societies, 2006
Written for historical society members who lack confidence in their ability to produce a work that is acceptable to publishers and to their potential readership. Provides advice and information on all aspects of printed and electronic publication embracing such topics as planning and financing a project, self-publishing, the structure and elements of a history book, use of illustrations, editing and design, identification and access requirements and selling the finished product. There is also a section for those societies that can afford to pay for the services of a historian to write a local history.v, 75. : ill. ; Includes further reading non-fictionWritten for historical society members who lack confidence in their ability to produce a work that is acceptable to publishers and to their potential readership. Provides advice and information on all aspects of printed and electronic publication embracing such topics as planning and financing a project, self-publishing, the structure and elements of a history book, use of illustrations, editing and design, identification and access requirements and selling the finished product. There is also a section for those societies that can afford to pay for the services of a historian to write a local history. publishing, local history, history publishing -
Mont De Lancey
Book, Howe Benning, Quiet Corners - an American Tale, c1882
The book is an example of a story dealing with a girl's (Margaret) life in America which is readable, pleasing and instructive, without the ordinary excitement of a love story. It has strong religious themes. It hopes that in many 'quiet corners" of our native land it may help to develop the spirit of self-sacrifice and true Christian thought for others.A very damaged, stained red antique hardcover book for girls with the title printed in gold lettering in the middle of the front cover. There is a gold outlined drawing of a girl sitting looking out of a window. There are red flowers and green leaves decorating the cover. The spine has the title printed in gold letters with red flowers and green leaves.On the front right side end paper is an inscription for a Sabbath School award dated 1882. The frontispiece balck and white illustration is of a girl sitting at a table at a fair. Tissue paper protects it. The title page has the title, author Howe Benning as well as publisher details. 296Pp. Throughout are black and white illustrations. There are four pages at the back are lists of Recent Gift Books published by the Religious Tract Society. The spine is broken from the pages.fictionThe book is an example of a story dealing with a girl's (Margaret) life in America which is readable, pleasing and instructive, without the ordinary excitement of a love story. It has strong religious themes. It hopes that in many 'quiet corners" of our native land it may help to develop the spirit of self-sacrifice and true Christian thought for others.religious stories, family life fiction, stories for girls -
The Celtic Club
Book, Patsy Adam-Smith, Heart of exile: Ireland, 1848, and the seven patriots banished; their adventures, loneliness and loves in three continents as they search for refuge, 1986
An historical novel which focuses on the seven Irish men who led a nationalist uprising in 1848 to achieve self-rule. The uprising failed and the gentlemen leaders had their sentences commuted to exile in Tasmania, Australia.Index, bib, ill,, plates, p.359.fictionAn historical novel which focuses on the seven Irish men who led a nationalist uprising in 1848 to achieve self-rule. The uprising failed and the gentlemen leaders had their sentences commuted to exile in Tasmania, Australia.convicts - tasmania, transportation - ireland -
The Celtic Club
Book, Kevin Dalton, 'that could never be' a memoir, 2003
This memoir oscillates between pathos and humour, from life in a Limerick orphanage to eventual ordination as a Church of Ireland clergyman. This memoir celebrates determination to survive.p.182.non-fictionThis memoir oscillates between pathos and humour, from life in a Limerick orphanage to eventual ordination as a Church of Ireland clergyman. This memoir celebrates determination to survive. church of ireland - clergy -biography, ireland - social life and customs -
Wodonga & District Historical Society Inc
Book - Dust From the Pine Trees : The Life and Family Stories of Arthur and Elizabeth Ann Henman - From Bedfordshire to Barmedman, Lila McCann & Betty Lawrence
The story of the life, family and achievements of Arthur Henman, born in 1861 in Lidlington, Bedfordshire, England and his wife Elizabeth Ann nee Pollard of Bonegilla, Victoria. For a time on arrival in Australia at the age of 17, Arthur had a contract to supply timber to the New South Wales Railway Department. After marrying in 1888, Arthur and Elizabeth became successful dairy farmers in Glen Innes, northern New South Wales, before deciding to come to the Barmedman district. They took up the property, now well known as "Pine Valley." They had a pioneer's task to face for a thick belt of green timber stretched from the back door of their first home to Temora. Undaunted by the task, but with great determination and courage, they fashioned a first class property out of the wild and waste of those days and made valuable contribution to the fledgling communities until retirement from active farming in 1923 when they moved to Sydney.non-fictionThe story of the life, family and achievements of Arthur Henman, born in 1861 in Lidlington, Bedfordshire, England and his wife Elizabeth Ann nee Pollard of Bonegilla, Victoria. For a time on arrival in Australia at the age of 17, Arthur had a contract to supply timber to the New South Wales Railway Department. After marrying in 1888, Arthur and Elizabeth became successful dairy farmers in Glen Innes, northern New South Wales, before deciding to come to the Barmedman district. They took up the property, now well known as "Pine Valley." They had a pioneer's task to face for a thick belt of green timber stretched from the back door of their first home to Temora. Undaunted by the task, but with great determination and courage, they fashioned a first class property out of the wild and waste of those days and made valuable contribution to the fledgling communities until retirement from active farming in 1923 when they moved to Sydney.pioneers australia, pioneers nsw, arthur henman, elizabeth ann pollard, barmedman district nsw -
Wodonga & District Historical Society Inc
Book - Wodonga City: A Jubilee History, Howard C Jones, 1998
In 1994 the Rural City of Wodonga celebrated 21 years of city status. The council of that time commissioned Howard Jones to produce an historical record of the city’s first 25 years. This was to cover not only the municipal affairs from 1973 to 1998, but a range of activities across this vibrant, growing community. As a journalist in Wodonga, Howard Jones had closely observed history in the making, including the local government reforms that created a larger city by 1994. Wodonga is now a splendid city with a diverse industrial, commercial and military base, and excellent educational, health and recreational facilities. The book illustrates that these were achieved only by the vision, careful planning and determination of those involved.In 1994 the Rural City of Wodonga celebrated 21 years of city status. The council of that time commissioned Howard Jones to produce an historical record of the city’s first 25 years. This was to cover not only the municipal affairs from 1973 to 1998, but a range of activities across this vibrant, growing community. As a journalist in Wodonga, Howard Jones had closely observed history in the making, including the local government reforms that created a larger city by 1994. Wodonga is now a splendid city with a diverse industrial, commercial and military base, and excellent educational, health and recreational facilities. The book illustrates that these were achieved only by the vision, careful planning and determination of those involved.history wodonga, wodonga victoria, rural city of wodonga -
Victorian Harness Racing Heritage Collection at Lord's Raceway Bendigo
Memorabilia - Gold trophy, Mother Courage, 2002 Ladyship Cup
Mother Courage (Stoneridge Scooter Imp P 1.50.8 - Talk To Me Vic P 1.59.6 (What's Next )) Bay Mare. Foaled 1995 (3rd Foal) Breeder/Owner: Castle Family Pty Ltd. Trainer B Morgan. Mother Courage raced from 1998 (2yo) through to 2003 (7yo). Career: 30 wins 19 seconds 9 thirds 81 starts $462,520 1.56.9 Winning Drivers: JJ Caldow (27) BR Gath (3). Won on 8 Tracks: Moonee Valley (14) Ballarat (6) Bendigo (2) Horsham (2) Maryborough (2) Kilmore (2) Hamilton (1) Mildura (1)Mother Courage won the 2002 Ladyship Cup at Moonee Valley over 1609m at a mile rate of 1.56.9. Driven by JJ Caldow. Defeating Candyrama 2nd and Her Sparky Self 3rd. Two Handled Cup Shaped Trophy with Lid on a Wooden BaseLadyship Cup / Moonee Valley / Saturday 4 May 2002 / Mother Courage trophy, harness horse, mother courage, 2002, ladyship cup, moonee valley, jj caldow, john caldow, bruce morgan, b morgan -
City of Kingston
Photograph - Black and white, 1962
Crofts Stores (a chain of grocery stores) entered this float in the City of Moorabbin centenary procession held in 1962. Crofts had several stores in the City of MoorabbinCrofts Stores was established by Archibald Crofts with a single grocers store in South Melbourne. It eventually expanded to include 137 branches throughout Victoria, trading as Crofts Stores. Several Crofts stores existed in the City of Moorabbin and the chain pioneered self-service food stores in Australia. In 1962 the City of Moorabbin celebrated its centenary, which was marked with a procession through the streetsBlack and white photograph of a float being driven down a busy street. There are five people aboard the float, three behind a counter, and two at the rear. There are small flags reading Crofts (the business name) all around the float. Signage along the long edge of the float reads 'Crofts Stores congratulates the City of Moorabbin 1962'. Signage along the front shorter side reads 'Famous for fine foods', and signage above the counter reads 'Your grocer 1962'. There are people visible on the front porch of a house in the background, watching the float pass. Cars are parked along either side of the road and are also travelling in the opposite direction to the float.Handwritten in red ink: 60%grocery, centenary, city of moorabbin -
Bass Coast Shire Council - Robert Smith Collection
Artwork, other - Self-portrait at a Table [Selbstbildnis am Tisch] 1893 ?, Kathe Kollwitz
German 1867 - 1945Etching and Aquatint K14 -
Bass Coast Shire Council - Robert Smith Collection
Artwork, other - Self-portrait with hand on brow [Selbstbildnis mit der Hand an der Stirn] 1910, Kathe Kollwitz
German 1867 - 1945Etching K.106Inscribed beneath image -
Bass Coast Shire Council - Robert Smith Collection
Artwork, other - Self-portrait [ Selbstbildnis] 1921, Kathe Kollwitz
German 1867 - 1945Etching K.155 vii -
Bass Coast Shire Council - Robert Smith Collection
Artwork, other - Self Portrait, Guy May
Oil on boardSigned l.r -
Bass Coast Shire Council - Robert Smith Collection
Artwork, other - Self portait c.1932, William Dobell
Australia 1899 - 1970Sepia ink and wash -
Mrs Aeneas Gunn Memorial Library
Book, Macmillan and Co, David Livingstone, 1890
Born in an overcrowded slum in Scotland in 1813, David Livingstone worked twelve-hour days in a cotton factory from age ten to twenty-four. But a pamphlet by Karl Gutzlaff changed his life. Resolved to become a missionary, he applied himself to medicine, self-educating and eventually qualifying as a doctor. In 1841, Livingstone left for Africa as a medical missionary, where he would stay for thirty years ...p.208.non-fictionBorn in an overcrowded slum in Scotland in 1813, David Livingstone worked twelve-hour days in a cotton factory from age ten to twenty-four. But a pamphlet by Karl Gutzlaff changed his life. Resolved to become a missionary, he applied himself to medicine, self-educating and eventually qualifying as a doctor. In 1841, Livingstone left for Africa as a medical missionary, where he would stay for thirty years ... explorers - africa, missionaries - africa -
Mrs Aeneas Gunn Memorial Library
Book, Constable and Company, Abraham Lincoln, 1916
Charnwood describes the frontier life and continual self-education that developed Lincoln's rare character and helped him to adapt to great events and demands such as few other men have experienced. Lincoln, the man, is analyzed against the dramatic historical background of the colonial days, the revolution, the War of 1812, the Missouri compromise, secession, and the Civil War. Lincoln's Administrative genius, his war strategy, and his neglect of the lesser for the greater are all presented in this portrait.Index, ill, map, p.479.non-fictionCharnwood describes the frontier life and continual self-education that developed Lincoln's rare character and helped him to adapt to great events and demands such as few other men have experienced. Lincoln, the man, is analyzed against the dramatic historical background of the colonial days, the revolution, the War of 1812, the Missouri compromise, secession, and the Civil War. Lincoln's Administrative genius, his war strategy, and his neglect of the lesser for the greater are all presented in this portrait. united staes - history - civil war 1861-1865, presidents - united states - biography -
Mrs Aeneas Gunn Memorial Library
Book, Paul Brickhill, Reach for the sky, 1954
In 1931, at the age of 21, Douglas Bader was the golden boy of the RAF. Excelling in everything he did he represented the Royal Air Force in aerobatics displays, played rugby for Harlequins, and was tipped to be the next England fly half. But one afternoon in December all his ambitions came to an abrupt end when he crashed his plane doing a particularly difficult and illegal aerobatic trick. His injuries were so bad that surgeons were forced to amputate both his legs to save his life. Douglas Bader did not fly again until the outbreak of the Second World War, where his undoubted skill in the air was enough to convince a desperate air force to give him his own squadron. The rest of his story is the stuff of legend. Flying Hurricanes in the Battle of Britain he led his squadron to kill after kill, keeping them all going with his unstoppable banter. Shot down in occupied France, his German captors had to confiscate his tin legs in order to stop him trying to escape. Bader faced it all, disability, leadership and capture, with the same charm, charisma and determination that was an inspiration to all around him.Index, ill, p.372.non-fictionIn 1931, at the age of 21, Douglas Bader was the golden boy of the RAF. Excelling in everything he did he represented the Royal Air Force in aerobatics displays, played rugby for Harlequins, and was tipped to be the next England fly half. But one afternoon in December all his ambitions came to an abrupt end when he crashed his plane doing a particularly difficult and illegal aerobatic trick. His injuries were so bad that surgeons were forced to amputate both his legs to save his life. Douglas Bader did not fly again until the outbreak of the Second World War, where his undoubted skill in the air was enough to convince a desperate air force to give him his own squadron. The rest of his story is the stuff of legend. Flying Hurricanes in the Battle of Britain he led his squadron to kill after kill, keeping them all going with his unstoppable banter. Shot down in occupied France, his German captors had to confiscate his tin legs in order to stop him trying to escape. Bader faced it all, disability, leadership and capture, with the same charm, charisma and determination that was an inspiration to all around him. world war 1939 - aerial operations - britain, douglas bader - biography -
Linton Mechanics Institute and Free Library Collection
Book - Novel, Grant, James, Jane Seton : or the King's Advocate : a Scottish historical romance, [n.d.] [First published 1851? This reprint c.1890]
430 p. : bound in calico which is printed with product advertisementsfictionhistorical fiction, james v (scotland), jane seton, t.craig [bookbinder], james grant -
Victorian Railway History Library
Book, Melbourne University Press, Mind the curve! : a history of the cable trams, 1970
The colourful cable tram, 'gliding along with its swan-like motion', remains the nostalgic memory for Australians that the hansom cab is for the Londoner. Yet it was the major street transport over two generations for Melbourne, San Fransico, Chicago and other brash and self-confidently expanding great cities of the late nineteenth century.Index, bib, ill, maps, p.155.non-fictionThe colourful cable tram, 'gliding along with its swan-like motion', remains the nostalgic memory for Australians that the hansom cab is for the Londoner. Yet it was the major street transport over two generations for Melbourne, San Fransico, Chicago and other brash and self-confidently expanding great cities of the late nineteenth century.cable trams - melbourne, public transport - melbourne -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Booklet, Australian Army, Infantry Training Volume 1, Infantry Platoon Weapons Pamphlet No.3B, The 7.62mm Sefl Loading Rifle and Bayonet (All Arms) 1961 (Copy 1)
A blue colour cover with black details. Top right corner reads 7610-66-013-1640 In the middle is the insignia of the Australian Military Forces. At the bottom of the covr there is a white sticker with the information: Including lessons for the 7.62mm Automatic Rifle.There are four punch holes down the left hand side. (note the pages in this manual are loose)australia - armed forces - service manuals, drill manual, australian military forces, infantry platoon weapons, 7.62mm self loading rifle and bayonet. -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Booklet, Australian Army, Infantry Training Volume 1, Infantry Platoon Weapons Pamphlet No.3B, The 7.62mm Sefl Loading Rifle and Bayonet (All Arms) 1959 (Copy 1)
A blue colour cover with red details. there are six punch holes down the left hand side.australia - armed forces - service manuals, drill manual, 7.62mm self loading rifle and bayonet., infantry training, infantry platoon weapons -
Merri-bek City Council
Photograph - Ilford smooth pearl print, Atong Atem, Nyanluak, 2022
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Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Domestic object - Sewing Machine and case, Joseph Wertheim, late 19th century
Hugo Wertheim (1854-1919), was a merchant and manufacturer and was born on the 12th July 1854 at Lispenhausen, in the German electorate of Hesse-Kassel, son of Meyer Wertheim and his wife Minna, née Heinemann. Hugo reached Melbourne in October 1875. He soon began advertising, from premises at 39 Flinders Lane East, as agent for his father's cousin Joseph Wertheim, a well-established manufacturer of sewing machines. Hugo returned to Germany where he married Joseph Wertheim's daughter Sophie Emilie (1864-1953) on 30 August 1885 at Frankfurt. the couple then came to Melbourne. In a short time, with extensive advertising, Hugo established a substantial business, selling sewing machines, bicycles, pianos and other mechanical devices, under brands such as Wertheim, Electra, Planet, Griffin and Hapsburg. He also mounted elaborate displays at agricultural shows and in 1901 at the Pan American Exposition, Buffalo, United States of America. O. C. Beale worked with him before setting up his own piano business in New South Wales. Hugo continued to own 25 per cent of one of Beale's companies, which became Wertheim's Queensland business. In 1908 Wertheim opened a large, innovative piano factory at Richmond, Melbourne, intending to produce 2000 pianos and player pianos annually, predominantly using Australian materials. In laying the foundation stone, Prime Minister Alfred Deakin observed that “few men with such opportunities for a life of ease would have embarked on such an enterprise” Hugo died of chronic hepatitis on 11 July 1919 at his home at South Yarra, his wife, two daughters and three sons survived him; Herbert Joseph (1886-1972), the eldest, continued the business. Rupert became a share broker and went on to represent Victoria in inter-State tennis in 1913-27 and Australia in Davis Cup matches against Czechoslovakia in 1922. The piano factory closed in 1935, becoming a Heinz food processing plant and in 1955, GTV Channel 9 studios and offices.Early Australians had to be self-reliant in regards to making and mending their clothes and utensils. This sewing machine was one of many items used that exhibit the skill and craftsmanship of the women in these early families. A sewing machine was a necessary part of each home and this item demonstrates how women of the time managed had to become self-reliant in the repair and making of their families clothes to make their household budgets go further.Sewing machine, Wertheim brand “ Syst 182” hand crank operated machine with folding handle, timber case and carry handle. Metal machine is painted black, with remnants of gold, red and green scrolls and floral decoration. Machine has base with inlaid measuring rule across front and 2 holes drilled through the base (perhaps for mounting machine to a bench). Machine tilts open, hinged on one side, after thumb screw is unwound, revealing machine’s workings and serial number. Base has a fitted round, concave, silver metal pin holder with lid that hinges open, and symbol pressed into lid; several pins are inside. Body of machine has brand name transfer across front and oval metal trademark disc on front. Metal sliding covers over footplates have stamped lettering. Timber machine case or cover includes an accessory box with sliding cover and metal hook and eye latch, and inside the box are 23 metal sewing attachments, a disc and a stick of black crayon with maker’s trademark on it paper cover. Workings of machine have seized up. The crayon wrapper has printed on it “For the wonderful Wertheim new family machine made in Germany ‘Syst. 182’”, and the maker’s symbol with “Trademark” beside it. Made for Hugo Wertheim.“WERTHEIM” transfer across front and back of machine body. Cover of pin holder has symbol ‘Wings above a shield’. Maker’s trademark on gold oval disc, “WERTHEIM / FRANCFURT” and picture of a dwarf with a hammer. Left footplate has script “Syst 182”, right footplate has stamp in oval shape “MANUFACTURED IN - - /SPECIALLY FOR / HUGO WERTHEIM” Serial Number “7501”flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, sewing machine, hand crank sewing machine, hugo wertheim, wertheim, clothing manufacturer, sewing, syst 182