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Melbourne Tram Museum
Pamphlet - How to drive the Fairway, VicRoads, "Now there's a better way"
Provides the basis for segregating road traffic from tram lines at intersections and along roadways and road markings applied.Yields information about the introduction of Fairways into Melbourne tramway streets during 1983, the first legal segregation of trams from road traffic.Set of two pamphlets regarding Tram Fairways. .1 - Three-section vertical fold-out pamphlet titled "How to drive the Fairway" printed on gloss paper showing the fairway system and how its works with the various signs in a cartoon manner. Notes the Fairway system was set up in 1983 and the basis of it. Has the VicRoads logos, name, and "Victoria Growing together? logos. .2 - Three-section, horizontal format pamphlet on plain paper, titled "Now there's a better way", giving details of the system, showing drawings and how they work at intersections. Issued by the Road Traffic Authority, has the RTA logo. .3 - Newspaper cutting, titled "The old way, the Fairway" giving advanced notice of the introduction of the Fairway system and the roads impacted. Has an AEC election advertisement on the rear for the March 1983 Federal Election.fairways, cartoons, rta, vicroads, traffic control, trams, tramways -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Book, William P. Nimmo, The Poetical Works of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, (short title on cover is ‘The Poetical Works of Longfellow’), n.d.!
As mentioned in the Description, the cover of The Poetical Works of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow is plain and in good condition. The internal pages are in similarly good condition, straight cut, and secured to the book binding with no signs of heavy use or wear. However the paper of the internal pages appears yellowed with age, unlike the cover pages that join the boards to the content pages. As also noted in the Description, the internal pages have intricate lettering, with black page borders, double column printing, and nineteenth-century styled black and white illustrations (etchings). This suggests that the bound pages represent an earlier print run and the cover was added, or replaced, at a later date. The book cover’s plain green design with minimal gold lettering seems more recent publishing practice than the pages within. This book bears no publishing date, which supports the speculation that the content pages were purchased as a remaindered lot and bound and distributed by another party, possibly in Australia rather than Britain, and at a much later date than the old fashioned page formatting suggest. The good condition of the cover and the bound pages indicate the book was seldom borrowed or read and the book may therefore have been acquired after the height of the poet Longfellow’s popularity (in the mid to late nineteenth century). The stamps and labels attached to the cover and title pages testify to the book’s provenance, from its initial ownership by the Warrnambool Mechanics Institute Library, to custody in the Warrnambool Municipal Library (where it, along with other WMIL texts, was catalogued by a librarian called Pattison), and finally to the Flagstaff Hill Historical Book Collection. The book was part of a collection of books, now known as the Pattison Collection, which originally belonged to the Warrnambool Mechanics Institute Library. In this context it is an example of the range of titles carried by Victorian rural libraries in the colonial and federation periods (Significance Assessment 2009).The book is bound in plain green cloth covered board with gold lettering on the top of the spine, which reads “THE POETICAL WORKS OF LONGFELLOW”. The cover is plain otherwise and in good condition. Clear Tape secures a typed paper sticker on the lower middle of the spine, which reads “PAT 811 LON”. The internal pages are in similarly good condition, straight cut, and secured to the book binding with no signs of heavy use or wear. However the paper of the internal pages appears yellowed with age, unlike the cover pages that join the boards to the content pages. The internal pages contain intricate lettering, black page borders, double column printing, and nineteenth-century styled black and white illustrations. Name: The Poetical Works of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Author: H W Longfellow Publisher: William P Nimmo The cover page bears a printed label stuck over an earlier one, which reads “Corangamite Regional Library Service • Warrnambool City Library • Pattison Collection”. The title page bears a flat oval shaped black ink stamp containing the words “MECHANICS WARRNAMBOOL INSTITUTE”. On this page there is also the notations “P/W 4885” written in pencil, and “821” written in blue ‘biro’.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, poetry, henry wadsworth longfellow, classic book, 19th century, literature, leisure, warrnambool mechanics institute library, pattison collection, henry wadsworth longfellow’s poetical works, edinburgh publisher william p. nimmo, h w longfellow, the poetical works of henry wadsworth longfellow, warrnambool public library -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Artwork, other - Wall decoration, Vera Giles, late 19th to early 20th century
During the Victorian era, the period (1837-1901) in which Queen Victoria ruled England. The queen’s influence was felt throughout the world, including in the United States and Australia where Victorian values shaped society and style, especially in home décor. This period’s distinct style presents an eclectic mix of highly ornamented furniture, wallpaper, and knick-knacks. Particularly in terms of furniture, and the characteristic floral patterns and rich, contrasting colours, wall hanging that enjoyed the height of its popularity during the Victorian era were of the spiritual type with an either embroidered or punched paper religious motto or bible quote. Mottoes were commonly hung high up on the wall or in an area of prominence, to remind the viewer of their important message, such as "Home sweet Home “He Leadeth Me” and “Honesty, Industry, and Sobriety.” Short and pithy, they embodied the ideals of Victorian society. Technological advances contributed to the boom of religious mottoes whereas before the Industrial Revolution home décor of this sort was handmade and therefore minimal, now consumers could purchase and fill their homes with all sorts of mass-produced ephemera goods similar to the subject item. Many of these mass-produced period pieces still exist today, often in their original frames, ceramic, or paper formats. Flagstaff maritime museum has many examples of mottoes on display that serve to reflect the period in which values of home, faith, and Christianity were very prominent in everyday Victorian society. For more information on the Giles collection see Acquisition section this document: An item that reflects the social values and attitudes of the late Victorian era that was used to promote good Christian and moral values in many households. These items of decoration were very popular at this time and the subject item is significant as it gives a snapshot into the social norms of past generations. The Giles family collection is of additional social significance at a local level, because it not only illustrates the level of material support the Warrnambool community gave to Flagstaff Hill during it’s establishment. But the Giles collection also gives us an additional view into what domestic life was like in early colonial times prior to Federation.Wall decoration, framed handmade embroidered tapestry with the woven inscription, Frame has velvet cover. This item is part of the Giles CollectionHome Sweet Home, in gothic scriptflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, soft furnishing, wall decoration, home sweet home, wall hanging, handmade wall hanging, giles collection, henry giles, tower hill, cooramook, warrnambool breakwater, mailor’s flat, wangoom, 19th century handcraft, mrs vera giles -
Glen Eira Historical Society
Document - Historic Conservation Areas Project
Contains 4 items relating to historic conservation: 1/Five newsletters (one page each newsletter, dated 07/1975, 08/1975, 09/1975, 10/1975 and the final one 12/1975) describing how the project evolved, project funds, progress, study method, project 1 report, project 2 report and summary as no further funds available. Project was to include all of Melbourne but funding did not allow this. Note: newsletters stamped with Caulfield Historical Society. 2/Letter (one page on official city of Caulfield letterhead) from Andrew Rodda (manager planning) to Hazal Ford (dated 13/11/1989) describing ‘council resolved on 18/07/1989 to proceed with preliminary conservation survey’ and mentions that a copy is included. 3/Preliminary conservation survey for the City of Caulfield (nine pages) describing background, study area, budget, purpose, study outline, timeframe, report format, ownership, tasks and background information (mentions number and types of houses and properties as at 1986 and 1988) and a map of City of Caulfield. 4/Booklet (28 pages) titled ‘Heritage Area – Caulfield North Draft Heritage Guidelines July 1999 – City of Glen Eira’, containing Caulfield North Heritage Area, cultural heritage, Heritage Overlay Area, architectural description, common architectural forms and features, development guidelines, key design checklist. It includes a map of the Caulfield North Heritage Overlay Area, two illustrations about the development envelope and many black-and-white photographs of houses and architectural features.historic conservation areas project niven barbara, newsletters, town planning, historic buildings, heritage studies, housing, royal historical society of victoria (rhsv), read michael, plans, local government, historical societies, committee for urban action (cua), national trust, hopkins sherry ms., ford hazel, preliminary conservation survey, town planning, heritage studies, rodda andrew, city of caulfield, housing estates, victoria national estate grants program, australia icomos, burra charter, buildings structures and establishments, land surveys, suburbs, historic buildings, architectural significance, ‘caulfield’s heritage study’, soloman geulah dr., caulfield library, dandenong road, nepean highway, hotham street, iknerman road, orrong road, north road, poath road, ‘plan of the city of caulfield’, north ward, east ward, south ward, west ward, kooyong road, neerim road, bambra road, balaclava road, shire of caulfield, railways, world war 1914-1918, depression 1929-1939, rippon lea, labassa, parks, mansions, community services, ‘caulfield north draft heritage guidelines july 1999’, city of glen eira, caulfield north heritage area, glen eira heritage management plan, mayfield grove, normanby avenue, carnarvon street, glenferrie street, arthur street, malakoff street, normanby road, heritage advisory service, construction materials, victorian style, mediterranean style, spanish mission style, californian bungalow style, federation style, architectural style, architectural features, heritage conservation design, building construction, building regulations, aboriginal peoples -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - NORMAN OLIVER COLLECTION: SPEECH NOTES 9 DECEMBER 1950
The Norman Oliver collection. Norman Oliver was three times Mayor of Bendigo - 1950-51, 1964-65, 1970-71. Fifteen pages, all but one typed in upper case. The pages are not numbered in sequence. Held together with a paper clip. In the format he used for his talks on 3BO 'The Mayor Speaks'. Topics include : Grants for Bendigo public works, Local Government Conference, taxis, the visit of the Chief Secretary for the Bendigo Cup, and Oliver's comments on the Melbourne play 'The Highwayman', set in Bendigo. Other names include Hon. J. H. Lienhop M.L.C., Mr Smithers, Mr Forrestal, Mr Strom, Mr Harold Alexander (South Melbourne Town clerk), Mr Calwell M.H.R., Mr Menzies, Mr Matthews, Hon.Cr. L. W. Galvin M.L.A., Mr Ted Mullett (Yarra Yarra tribe), Mr r. K. Dodgson M.L.A., Hon. Paul Jones M.L.C., Judge Norris,bendigo, council, speech notes, norman joseph oliver , councillor norman oliver. 3bo 'the mayor speaks'. -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Photograph - B&W print of donated negative, State Electricity Commission of Victoria (SECV), c1936
Yields information about the front streetscape of the SEC depot Ballarat following its refurbishment and one of the trams in use at the timeBlack and white photo print from a collected negative of Ballarat tram No. 32 passing the depot gates with the depot building in the background. Taken soon after the SEC upgrade of the building and track work - approx. 1935 or 1936. Shows toilet on south west corner, gates and fence between he depot and the future tennis court. Tram has destination of 'Gardens via Drummond Nth'. Copy 2 - better print - ex moveable display panels Colour photocopy laminated, of this photograph on display 6/2000 at 02-02-06 Copy 3 - large format print (203H x 253W) - added 28/7/2007, ex Alan Bradley holding of prints, received 5/2007. See also Reg Item 3902 for a mounted set of this photographs along with those of Reg Item. 1350. High res scan of negatives added 13/5/2020 See The Ballarat Tramways, by Keith Kingstramways, trams, wendouree parade, sec depot, rehabilitation, depot, tram 32 -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Film - Digital Movie, Ballarat Tramway Museum (BTM), "BTM Brag 2008", for the Launceston COTMA Conference, 2008
Yields information about the activities of the BTM in the period 2006 - to 2008, and has a strong association with various BTM individuals. Made for the 2008 COTMA Conference.Digital Movie "BTM Brag 2008", prepared by Richard Gilbert for the Launceston COTMA Conference in 2008. Transferred to the Hard Drive - AV Files - dB text/AV Files/Reg Item 5458/ in DVD format. Synopsis: based on time - 0.00 - 0.20 - titles etc. 0.21 - 1.40 - Begonia Festival with 671, 27, 466 1.41 - 2.35 - vehicle into the rear of the depot 2.36 - 3.16 - New shelving in depot and restoration of 12 3.17 - 4.30 - horse tram operation, Neville Hesketh, Neil Lardner, Carolyn Cleak, Richard Gilbert, Peter Winspur, Len Millar and Alastair Reither. 4.31 - 5.26 - track repairs Wendouree Parade 5.27 - 6.15 - work on 38, transfer to workshop and No. 28 6.16 - 6.26 - fitting of clear plastic blinds to 661 6.27 - 6.43 - No. 8 scrubber at work etc. 6.44 - 7.03 - On going work of volunteers, 661, Roger Salen, Neville Hesketh 7.04 - 7.14 - Credits etc. trams, tramways, btm, horse tram, depot, wendouree parade, begonia festival, scrubber tram -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document - Report, Public Transport Corporation (PTC), "Specifications for Modifications - Driver Only Tram", 1993
1621.1 - 47 A4 pages stapled in the top left hand corner - pages 63 to 121 from a set of documents of 148 pages - "Specifications for Modifications - Driver Only Tram". Details a list of modifications for Class W5/7, Z1/Z2, Z3, A1/2 B1/2 of 26 modifications. Gives the specifications for each modification, and details of maintenance support, reliability, spares and manuals to be provided as part of the contract - No. PSD 93/036. 1621.2 - 17 -A4 sheets landscape format, stapled in the top left hand corner - "W class Tram Overhaul Scope" - Rev 1, dated 30/8/1993 - the form to be completed for a detailed listing of work to be carried out at PTC Preston Workshops. Has the number "728" in the top right hand corner, but has not been filled in. Has a photocopied note "Day one (into body shop) written on the top sheet..1 - top sheet has "JRP copy (1993) in ink and "Driver Only Tram" in blue ink written over a "whiteout" correction fluid.trams, tramways, ptc, preston workshops, overhauls, driver only modifications, w class, z class, a class, b class, specification, modifications -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Pamphlet, Metlink, "Metlink Adventures", 2009
Set of five items related to the Metlink's 2009 primary school program resource for public transport education. .1 - Book - A4 size, 32 pages + card cover, printed on gloss paper centre stapled titled "Metlink Adventures" outlining the program. Has table of contents. resources sheets and outlines the program of why should public transport be used and how will we get there. Included item five the CD-ROM. .2 - Cover letter from Bernie Carolan CEO of Metlink 3/3/2009 to School Principals. Has contact details. .3 - Book - 12 page, special size format, printed on gloss paper centre stapled titled "Metlink Adventures family guide" with details for parents, games, safety, hints, signage and hints. .4 - ditto, but with some different page content and illustrations. .5 - CD -ROM - containing photo sequences for activities, resource and activity sheets and photographs.trams, tramways, metlink, schools, education, safety, public transport, illustrations -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Book, G. McEldowney, "100 years of Melbourne's Trams", Nov. 1985
Thirty Two page book, A4 landscape format, saddle stapled, titled "100 years of Melbourne's Trams", published by the Metropolitan Transit Authority and the Australian Tramway and Motor Omnibus Employees Association in 1985. Colour cover featuring drawings of Melbourne trams from cable trams to articulated electric trams. Has foreword by Tom Roper, Minister for Transport. Book published to celebrate the centenary of the opening of the first cable tram in Melbourne, 11/11/1885. Reviews the history of trams in Melbourne, cable trams, horse trams, Clapp, municipal tramways, electric trams, MMTB, buses, Preston Workshops, Wattle Park and the Metropolitan Transit Authority. Notes the MTA winning the tender to building the Kowloon - Canton Light Rail system and Melbourne's Automatic Vehicle Monitoring System. Has colour photos and sepia toned (black and white) photos throughout. Second copy added 26-6-17 from donation of Neil Elfick.trams, tramways, melbourne, mmtb, cable trams, mta, horse trams -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Ephemera - Ticket/s, Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB), Set of 12 decimal MMTB or MTA tram tickets, mid 1960's to 1980's
Set of 12 decimal MMTB or MTA tram tickets. A variety of small size (58H x 26W) or large format (68H x 31W) tickets. All on off white paper. All numbers in black ink. .1 - 45c - light red stipple - A620890 .2 - 70c - purple reverse price - AF925219 .3 - 35c - green - B 748640 .4 - 30c - light red - A603660 .5 - 40c - black stipple - A156398 .6 - 15c - purple city section - A 661284 .7 - 15c - light purple City Section - A290722 .8 - 10c - blue with City Section printed in black - B101484 .9 - 10c - Pensioner - light brown with red P and slash - A802492 .10 - 20c - Pensioner - blue with red P and slash - A758330 .11 - 40c - The Met Concession - red - A019755 .12 - MMTB Pensions concession check ticket C623766trams, tramways, tickets, mmtb, mta, the met -
Mission to Seafarers Victoria
Painting - Painting, Acrylic, Ramon Honisett, Untitled, 1990-2000
Ramon (Ray) Francis Honisett (11.04.1931 - 30.08.2019), Fellow RMIT and medallist specialised in philatelic design, marine and military aircraft painting art and was active in the 1960s - 1990s. Ray Honisett used to live in Rye, in the Mornington Peninsula. According to Gavin Fry's book: The painting likely depicts the Lysaght Endeavour loading at Hastings. "The Lysaght Endeavour and its sister ship Lysaght Entreprise were built in Newcastle in 1973 specifically to serve the regional steel industry on the route Port Kembla - Westernport - Adelaide. Even after being lengthened by 17 metres, the two ships had remarkably short working lines, with both being broken up by 1988."Maritime artLarge framed unglazed landscape format painting predominantly green depicting in foreground a merchant vessel, a roll-on roll-off cargo ship moored at a single quayside on a river or river mouth. The middle ground shows a moderate solid jetty leading to large storage sheds at right. The background appears primarily rural with fields and hills in the distance. The location is probably Hastings Western Port in Victoria - notice the forklifts loading rolls of steel produced at the nearby steel rolling mill - the buildings in the distance. You can see the rolls of steel lined up on the hard stand to the right of the ship. The funnel colours suggest the Australian National Line. The frame incorporates a beige fabric slip with gilt edge the actual dark wood frame also with inset banded gilt edge. The back of the painting is covered with brown paper in places damaged. Hangs on a cotton cord threaded between two screw in eyelet hooks.at lower right corner single uc word in black paint : "HONISETT"tankers, marine painting, maritime art, ramon honisett, ray honisett, anl maritime art prize, acta maritime art prize, hastings, western port, victoria, steel, roll on roll off, forklift, mornington peninsula, artwork-paintings -
Melbourne Legacy
Journal - Newsletter, Legacy Newsletter 1970-1973 (For the members of the Melbourne Legacy Widows' Club), 1970 to 1973
Early examples of Melbourne Legacy Club newsletters, covering the activities of Melbourne Legacy Widows' Club. Information includes a notice from the Chairman of the Widows' Committee, dates of meetings, possible day trips and theatre outings, and cruises. The ladies were welcome to attend monthly meetings, card afternoons, indoor bowls competitions, outings and tours, plus the annual fete and Christmas concert. The Widows Club Chairman was L/- R.P.F. Goddard and later L/- B Harding and the editor was Mrs B.E. Shepard, Social Worker. The October 1972 edition mentions it was the 75th edition, and mentions it was started in 1960, previously there had been a quarterly magazine 'which had a limited distribution' and they wished to increase circulation to the increasing number of widows. The October 1973 edition has a supplement that includes text of a Legacy week television message given by the HRH Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh The November 1973 edition mentions a Message of Loyalty that was sent to the Queen. Also a Dafydd Lewis Scholarship that was available for a boy to attend tertiary level of education (though it specified NOT available for Arts, Education, Music or Theology courses). The page from October 1973 shows some of the day trips and tours available (such as to New Zealand for $499). Also the new pension rates in the 1973/74 budget. The first edition of the newsletter was in 1960, previously there had been a quarterly magazine but the distribution was limited, they changed to a 4 page newsletter format to reach more of the widows. The newsletter was priced at 2c a copy. The price of theatre tickets was $3. Various pages of interest have been added to show different news items. Other editions haven't been scanned.Brings to life the activities provided for the widows and the work of Melbourne Legacy in the early years.Black typed newsletter x 23 editions from 1970 to 1973, No 59 to 82, each edition 4 foolscap pages. No 59, 13 February 1970, 4 pages No 60, 23 April 1970, 4 pages No 61, 3 June 1970, 4 pages No 62, 30 July 1970, 4 pages No 63, 10 September 1970, 4 pages No 64, 15 October 1970, 4 pages No 65, 27 November 1970, 2 pages plus 2 pages of Firewood Application Form No 66, 7 April 1971, 4 pages No 67, 1 June 1971, 4 pages No 68, 26 July 1971, 4 pages No 69, 30 September 1971, 4 pages No 70, 25 November 1971, 4 pages No 71 18 February 1972, 4 pages No 72, 19 April 1972, 4 pages No 73, 15 June 1972, 4 pages No 75, 9 October 1972, 4 pages No 76, 17 November 1972, 4 pages No 77, 19 February 1972, 4 pages No 78, 12 April 1973, 4 pages No 79, 12 June 1973, 4 pages No 80, 10 August 1973, 4 pages plus a 2 page supplement from President Handbury on the 50th Anniversary events. No 81, 8 October 1973, 6 pages No 82, 20th November 1973, 6 pagesnewsletter, activities -
Melbourne Legacy
Magazine - Newsletter, Melbourne Legacy, Legacy Newsletter June 1957, 1956
The newsletter from June 1957. It featured a the Governor of Victoria and his wife with children on a carousel on the cover as there was an article about the Government House Christmas party in 1956. The president's introduction talked about the Commonwealth countries. An article featured two former Junior Legatees that had had success, John Woodley and Ron Rudd. Legacy had advised both boys to obtain entry to the greatest school of navigation in Southampton UK. They were only two Australians selected in 1955. They had recently visited Legacy and spoke at Legacy meetings. A detailed recap of what was happening at Harelands, naming several JLs and what they were up to. Including Helen James, Ken Knape, Garry Thompson, Peter Turton and Bob Neilson. Also Margaret Gregory, and Lillian May. Also what the boys classes were up to by suburb. A photo of the Senior Widows Club Christmas dinner at the Myer Mural Hall. And Operation Float had been a great success when 500 junior legatees were given a great outing by the Royal Victorian Motor Yacht Club. Careers in the building industry was part 3 of a series on careers. A newsletter published by Legacy in this format for many years from 1942. It mentions "Issued from time to time for Private Circulation among the Sons and Daughters of Deceased Service men and Merchant Seamen who served their Country during the War of 1914-18, or the present War". Many articles on the work of Legacy, including features on boys classes, girls classes, camps, the residences and where their past residents ended up. There are some suggestion for careers and some general interest articles. Some very interesting photos.Newsletter outlining news of Junior Legatee activities.Black and white printed newsletter x 12 pages from June 1957. Volume 10 Number 1.boys classes, activities, girls classes, harelands, governor, government house, operation float -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Photograph - B&W print of donated negative - set of 4, State Electricity Commission of Victoria (SECV), late 1930's
Yields information about an accident or collision between a tramcar and a vehicle late 1930's. Gives information about the damage to the tramcar and livery detailsSet of four Black and white photo prints from collected negative of Ballarat (SEC) No. 27 photographed in the depot yard after a collision with motor vehicle or possibly another tram, as the damage is at the roof line, where the two trams tend to hit before hitting at the bumper bar level. Thought to be late 1930's. 1367.1 - general view of the end cab showing the damage to the roof level, destination box and beading. 1367.2 - close up of the damage from one side. 1367.3 - side on view showing how the driver's windows have been pushed back. 1367.4 - close up of the damage from the opposite side to that of 1367.2 Copy 2 - of all above photos - large format prints (253H x 203W) - added 30/7/2007, ex Alan Bradley holding of prints, received 5/2007. See also Reg Item 3905 for a mounted set of these photographs along with that of Reg Item. 1364. .Negatives rescanned 17/5/2020 and image updated.tramways, trams, accidents, collision, damage, tram 27 -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Photograph - B&W print of donated negative - set of 5, State Electricity Commission of Victoria (SECV), c1936
Yields information about the installation of the wheel grinder in the Ballarat depot during the 1935/1936 rehabilitationSet of 5 Black and white photo prints from collected negatives of under floor wheel grinder at the SEC Ballarat depot building, during refurbishment by the SEC during the mid 1930's. 1353.1 - General arrangement of grinding wheels, jacks, moving rails, motor control, switch and wall mounted resistor grids. 1353.2 - Close up of the grinding wheels, jacks and moving rails. 1353.3 - view looking along the pit, showing the drive motors, belts and switches 1353.4 - view looking along the pit with the outside pit covers in place and rails in place. 1353.5 - similar to 1353.1 - but showing motors and drive belts, but not wall mounted equipment. See Reg Item 3806 for a photograph of the grinder in use. Copy 2 - of all above photos - large format prints (203H x 253W) - added 28/7/2007, ex Alan Bradley holding of prints, received 5/2007. See also Reg Item 3906 for a mounted set of these photographs. Negatives scanned at 3200dpi and images updated 14/5/2020.tramways, trams, wendouree parade, sec depot, rehabilitation, wheel grinder -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Book, Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB), Electric System /Instructions to Drivers in Electric Car Operation", 1948
Book - 52 pages, side stapled book within grey Rexene covers. Titled "Melbourne and Metropolitan Tramways Board /Electric System /Instructions to Drivers in Electric Car Operation" Dated 1948. Printed by Regent Press Pty Ltd, 457 Plenty Road, Preston. Provides in a Q & A format, instructions to drivers in electric car operation, sketches of various types of controllers, braking system description, emergency braking, safety cars, manual lap valves, the air system, an addendum page 26A dated 22/10/1952 about emergency braking for four motor cars, hand braking, lighting system and general duties, and what to do if the tram breaks down. On pages 44 to 48 - a long list of don'ts, notes regarding the traffic code and reference index for defects. Pages 1 and 2 have been removed along a perforated line - would have been an acknowledgement sheet. Book has No. 4727 on top of page 3. See Reg Item 6115 for another copy.Has pencil notes on inside cover and pages for controllers on inside of rear page. Some questions have been highlighted by a red pencil.trams, tramways, mmtb, drivers, training, instructions, motormen -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document - Report, Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB), "Chairman's Report upon his Visit to Europe and America in connection with Electric Tramways 1923", 1924
Report - black Rexene cloth card covers, 28 pages (including blank end and glued papers), sewn binding one section titled "Chairman's Report upon his Visit to Europe and America in connection with Electric Tramways 1923". Title gold blocked. Details Alex Cameron's 1923 visit to America, Great Britain and the Continent of Europe in connection (note different spelling to the cover) with electric tramways. In particular it was to investigate the question of the use of Conduit systems. Visited San Francisco, Los Angeles, Kansas City, St Louis, Chicago, Detroit, Cleveland, New York and Washington. Then to London, Paris, Brussels. Also attended the Municipal Tramways Association conference held in Portsmouth, August 1923. His conclusions - conduit system not desirable, and the need to regulate buses from competition with tramways. Has an appendix extracts of numerous reports, letters and papers about the various issues. Report dated 29th Oct. 1924. Second copy from the McComb collection added 5-1-2017 - scanned to a pdf - text readable when opened in Adobe format.Has a lable on the first page, "Plan & EPA Library M0036390" Second copy - has Mr. Lormer in the top left and right hand comers.trams, tramways, trams, tramways, mmtb, conduit systems, tramways, conversion, electrification, europe, usa -
Royal Melbourne Yacht Squadron
Cactus Cup
“The Squadron’s Most Prestigious Trophy” THE CACTUS STORY Years ago a story was told of a Donkey which lived in the desert. The standard of living was poor, and the main course on the menu when things were tough was cactus. The Donkey accepted the good with the bad, and in bad seasons it was always cactus. One day during his wanderings he came to a high fence. On the other side of the fence was lush grass and all sorts of vegetation and animals in prime condition. The Donkey said to a horse, “things look good in there, how does one get in”. The horse said “go down to the end of this fence, and you will come to a gate, there will be someone at the get, ask to get in”. The Donkey went to the end of the fence, found the gate and asked to get in. The horse at the gate said, “what do you want to come in for, all of us are geldings?”. The Donkey said “if that is the case, it is back to the cactus for me”. It was during the early stages of the great depression of 1929-1932, that this story was simulated to the conditions at the then Royal St. Kilda Yacht Club, when during the yachting season there were very few trophies due to the lack of money. A lot of members were out of work, and each Monday many would front up for the jobs that were offering or those who missed out went back to the dole or as many put it “Back to the Cactus”. The “Cactus Cup” race, to be free of entrance fees, was an idea conceived by H.A. (Toby) Armstrong, soon to be backed by Bert Bryant, Ivor Bowles and Jim Thorpe. It was First sailed March 25, 1922, when 9 yachts on sealed handicaps, raced over a 5 mile rectangular course for a small Trophy donated by Jim E. Thorpe and the winning crew of the yacht Helen, skippered by D.Dowse, entertained at a café after the race by the instigators of the race. The next contest was April 12, 1930, for another small trophy also donated by Jim Thorpe, and the crew of the winning yacht Petrel, skippered by Stan Gamble, later on having to arrange for a mussel supper to the extent of Trophy money at an informal musical evening held in the spar room. From then on races for the Cactus Cup became an annual event. In time the format was changed to result in the crew of the first winning yacht having to collect mussels from the pier on the first Saturday of July, cook and prepare them for a no charge informal supper and entertainment evening held in the spar room, towards which the Club provided a keg of Beer. Member Bob Ellis had a special song for the occasion, “Up at Tumba Bloody Rumba shooting Kanga Bloody Roos”. Jim Thorpe then agreed to purchase a Perpetual Cup to be named the Cactus Cup. As guest of honor at the Cactus Supper Evening, May 1940, a dinner suit function in the Spar room, he presented the Cup along with Replica to Barney Snider who won with Eun-Na-Mara. Soon entries became few, for reason nobody wanted to win because of the penalty of having to collect, cook and prepare the mussels. In the interest of the contest and its revival, it was decided that the crew of the last yacht to finish had to collect, cook and prepare the mussels. On the death of Jim E Thorpe in 1944, the trophy, along with its annual replicas, were then provided for by Ivor Bowles until his death in 1970. In time for reason of pollution, the collecting of mussels from the pier was discontinued, so Otto Meik the new provider decided that the format be changed and be replaced by a supper on the day of the race, consisting of bottle mussels, beer and frankfurts. Following the death of Otto Meik in 1979, with no provider for the trophy of replicas, the Squadron in the early 80’s broke tradition by introducing race entry fees. In 2006 the Cactus Cup Tradition was reinstituted by a donation from J.H. (Bert) Ferris – RMYS historian. The Cactus Cup is now free to enter once again for all. The race is run early and a late afternoon feast of mussels and frankfurts is eaten afterwards.Deep sectioned Silver Cup, 300mm high to lip, tapering to thick plain stem flaring out to stepped footing, has two shaped handles. Silver Lid with Donkey positioned on shaped dome. Overall height 110mm. Cup stands on 145mm high round black base with stepped footing, surrounded with Silver winner inscription band.ROYAL ST. KILDA YACHT CLUB PERPETUAL CACTUS CUP INAUGURATED 1922 INSTIGATED BY H.A. ARMSTRONG ESQ. ORIGINAL CUP PRESENTED BY J.E. THORPE ESQ.cactus cup, trophy -
Vision Australia
Document - Image, 1934 - 1954 - 50 Years of Talking Book Service, 1984
The Talking Book Library of the Royal Victorian Institute for the Blind is celebrating its 50th anniversary during 1984. This service began in 1934 with 78 rpm records. These were later superceded by 33rpm records which remained in use until 1960. The first cassettes were imported from England and weighed 7 lb. along with the player which weighed 28 lb. These 18 track cassettes usually contained one whole book. In the early 1970's a change was made to smaller cassettes containing 12 hours of recorded material on 6 tracks. The latest system currently being introduced is the Library of Congress 4 Track System utilising cassettes which play for 6 hours and machinery which is adaptable to the conventional 2 track system cassette. The Talking Book Library today provides services to 2500 readers as opposed to only 500 in 1964. The service is free of charge to anyone who is visually handicapped and includes talking books, talking book machines, mail service, servicing of machines at regular intervals and any modifications that may be required. Over 1600 cassettes are handled daily. The library currently holds over 3500 individual titles. Catalogues are available in print, audio and braille format. Once selection is made, borrowers may receive at least 3 books at any one time. Other services include current magazines, foreign language books, newspapers and magazines and regional country newspapers. Many books are recorded at the R.V.I.B. by our volunteer readers while others are bought from similar agencies in Australia and overseas. The department of the R.V.I.B. relies almost entirely on voluntary donations from the public. Other services provided by the Royal Victorian Institute for the Blind Community Resources Section, Aids & Equipment Shop, Tertiary Resource Service, Industrial Department, Retired Personnel Allowance, Children's Services, Social Services, Housing Loans, Vocational Development1 digital image of typewritten pageroyal victorian institute for the blind, talking books -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - ALBERT RICHARDSON COLLECTION: TAMBOUR MAJOR AND CHRISTMAS LINE OF REEF
Three page document. Front page, extracts from F. Chamber's Report on Tambour Major Shaft, includes reference to Allingham and More's shaft and Specimen Hill Reservoir. Early workings on the Christmas Reef line, Specimen Hill or Tambour Major, are listed in a table format, example - Great Western Gold Mining and Crushing Coy, 1855 Fajeon and Coy, 1859, tunnel in hillside. Specimen Hill Coy 1861 Indefatigable 1862, 64, 67 - 1881 Agamemnon 1862-1863 - 1881 Invincibkle Co. 1865 - 1867 Old Bendigo Tribute 140 ft 1870 Great Eastern Co 1870 - 1881 Great Eastern Tribute Co. Bismark Co, No. 1 North 150 ft 1870 - 1881 Bismark No. 2 Tribute 212 ft Allingham and Moore 338 ft 1872 Specimen Hill United 450 ft 1881 Great Western United (amalgamation of Old Bendigo, Invincible, Gt. Eastgern and Bismark Coys) 400 ft 1882 Tambour Major 847 feet 1881 - 1890 Christmas Reef Co. 200 ft. 1895 - 1897 Open Cutsbendigo, mining, christmas reef gold mining -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Photograph - B&W print of donated negative - set of 2, State Electricity Commission of Victoria (SECV), c1936
Yields information about the installation of the service pits in the depot during 1935/1936 and the methods usedSet of 2 Black and white photo prints from collected negatives of the construction of service pits and the pit for the wheel grinder at the SEC Ballarat depot building, during refurbishment by the SEC during the 1935/ 1936. 1352.1 - Formwork being set up for the service pit in No. 1 road at the SEC depot. 1352.2 - finished concrete walls for pit and wheel grinder on No. 4 road at the SEC depot, but not yet fully backfilled. No. 12 at the front of the depot and two other single truckers on adjacent tracks. 2nd copy held of 1352.2 ex moveable display boards. Colour photocopies laminated of these photographs on display 6/2000 at 02-02-06. 3rd copy of 1352.2 added 14-08-2006. See Reg Item 3806 for a photograph of the grinder in use. Copy 4 - of both photos - large format prints (203H x 253W) - added 28/7/2007, ex Alan Bradley holding of prints, received 5/2007. See also Reg Item 3901 for a mounted set of these photographs along with those of Reg Item. 1351, Neg rescanned 14/5/2020 at 3200dpi, images replaced. tramways, trams, wendouree parade, sec depot, rehabilitation, service pits, wheel grinder, tram 12 -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Photograph - B&W print of donated negative - set of 6, State Electricity Commission of Victoria (SECV), late 1930's
Yields information about the SEC uniform that was proposed or being introduced as part of the rehabilitation of the Ballarat / SEC tramwaysSet of six black and white photo prints from collected negative of Ballarat employee wearing the SEC tramway uniform of the time, late to mid 1930's. Has a brick wall behind, possibly taken at the power house. 1368.1 - full height view of the person where the uniform with cap. 1368.2 - close up, top half, showing cap number (53) and designation - Conductor. 1368.3 - full height view of the person wearing a greatcoat over the uniform. 1368.4 - rear of view of 1368.1 1368.5 - side view of 1368.1 1368.6 - close up, front on, top half showing same details as 1368.2 Copy 2 - of all above photos - large format prints (253H x 203W) - added 30/7/2007, ex Alan Bradley holding of prints, received 5/2007. Generally a closer up crop of the person wearing the uniform. See also Reg Item 3907 for a mounted set of these photographs. See also Reg item 4634 for a set of photographs of later uniforms. Copy negatives scanned 18/5/2020 and images updated. tramways, trams, uniforms, conductors, great coats, cap or badge number -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Document - Form/s, Ballarat Tramway Preservation Society (BTPS), "Revenue Journal", 1991 to 1997
2944.1 - A4 size sheet of white paper, printed up as a BTPS (BTM) conductor's Revenue Journal for Adults fares as $1.50c, Children $0.80 and all day cards $3.00. Standard BTPS Revenue Journal format that was altered as necessary for the various fares. Known as form T2. Form titled for the "Ballarat Tramways" and has been used on Sunday 29/12/1991 by Andrew Mitchell. Gives the opening and closing numbers, total number issued, pay in values and total cash. Signed by A. Mitchell. 2944.2 - ditto, completed by Austin Brehaut on 15/1/1991, when fares were Adult $1, children 50c and All Day cards - $2.00. 2944.3 - ditto on green paper, completed by P. Mong 9/3/1997, when fares were $1.50 for Adults, 80c for Children and $3.00 for All Day cards. Specially printed for the 1997 Begonia Festival with addition of 50c and 30c check or ticket values. 2944.4 - A5 version dated 6/10/ 1996, completed by Clayton Giles. Fares $1.50 Adults, 80c for Children and $3.00 for All Day cards. Images added 27-11-2016trams, tramways, fares, revenue journal, btps, tickets -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Newspaper - Lydia Chancellor collection: Article-Before Bendigo was....Marydale was
"Marydale", at 2270 McIvor Hwy., Axedale, was part of the original Campaspe Plains and Axe pastoral runs. By 1857 William Heffernan(1803-1891) had purchased the property from the "Axedale Station's" Robert Ross. it's heritage listing includes the outbuildings that remain in their original format and include the summerhouse and the schoolroom. Also included in the listing are the extensive gardens of mature trees. 1. William Heffernan (1803-1891) was born in Tipparary, Ireland and came to Australia in 1853 with Mr J Crowley. Together they first went to the Heathcote goldfields before moving on to Bendigo where they initially opened a tent restaurant. This successful endeavour allowed them to purchase the Pall Mall site of the Shamrock hotel. They built their first hotel and a large hall for entertainment that was later called the Theatre Royal. They continued to grow and expand until they built the current Shamrock building. He went on to several other successful theatres and hotels before retiring to "Marydale" in 1879/80. Before moving to New Zealand in 1884/5 he sold "Marydale" to Jeremiah Heffernan. He went to NZ to manage a hotel for his newly widowed sister and then built the Pier Hotel in Dunedin. By the time of his death in Dunedin he had lost most of his fortune. 2. Jeramiah Heffernan (1831-1897) was also born in Tipparary, Ireland but was no relation to William. He came to Australia in 1854 and to Bendigo in 1855, where he was employed by William and his partner, Mr Crowley at the Shamrock Hotel in Pall Mall. Twelve months later he became the manager of Heffernan and Crowley's Rose Shamrock and Thistle Hotel at Epsom. After twelve months in this position he bought the Albert Hotel in McCrae Street, Bendigo. He was a successful businessman who later purchased the Victoria Hotel in Pall Mall before retiring in 1887,firstly to "Marydale" that he had bought from William Heffernan in the early 1880's and then to his home in St Kilda. On doctors orders he returned to "Marydale" where he died 13/5/1897.Bendigo Advertiser from 18/07/1970. Article titled "Before Bendigo was....Marydale was." by Toora. The article describes the historic homestead of Marydale at Axedale.In red pen "Bendigo Advertiser 18-7-70"marydale, axedale, historic homestead -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MERLE HALL COLLECTION: ARTS BENDIGO NEWSLETTERS
Arts Bendigo Newsletters: Collection of various AB newsletters in different print formats; a. A Happy 1987 to all our members - This is the first of the irregular Newsletters for 1987 (one page only of a two-paged newsletter); ac. April 1992 Newsletter; b. February 1993 Newsletter; c. July 1993 Newsletter; d. September 1993 Newsletter; e. May 1994 Newsletter; f. August 1994 Newsletter; g. May 1995 Newsletter; h. October 1997 Newsletter, I September 1986 Newsletter, j. June 1988 Newsletter, k. September 1988 Newsletter, l. November 1988 Newsletter, March 1989 Newsletter, n. June 1989 Newsletter, o. February 1991 Newsletter, p. September 1991 Newsletter, q. February 1992 Newsletter, r. February 1994 Newsletter, s first-aid Newsletter of the Year's, t. hairspring 1995 Newsletter, u. season's Greetings (Last Newsletter) 1995, v. April 1996 Newsletter, we. September 1996 Newsletter, x. February 1997 Newsletter, y. June 1997 Newsletter, z. aa Quick Christmas Newsletter's, ab. March 1998, ac. Headed as ''This is not a Newsletter'' (no date given) -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Document - Form/s, Handwritten Notes, State Electricity Commission of Victoria (SECV), "Revenue Journal", 1950's
3046.1 - Printed form titled "Revenue Journal", for recording the value of tickets sold by Conductors. Headed - Electricity Supply Depart, Provincial Tramways". Has value of tickets up to 7d, parcel tickets of 4d. Gives the opening and closing number of tickets or checks issued to the conductor, check returned by conductor, total number issued, value, returned by conductor, cash returned, Prepared in L (pound), shilling and pence format, or notes, silver and copper. Used in during the mid 1950's. Has space for hospital vouchers and area where signed by conductor. Printed on off white paper. Has form number TYE 1-280. Two copies held. On the rear of one sheet has written ink ticket denominations issues from 28/2/1963 to 1/1/1969 - seven different series, though first have then been crossed out. Repeat on second sheet. Gives value of tickets issued, including scholars and parcel tickets. 3046.2 - Lined foolscap sheet - hand written notes on fares up till June 1958, then through to 1/2/1969 - 6 different fare schedules. Has been folded into 8.trams, tramways, tickets, accounting, revenue journal, conductors -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Film - Compact Diskette with video, Metlink, "Moving a Games City", 2006
DVD, with large format clear plastic cover with paper insert titled "Moving a Games City", sub-titled "A look at public transport during the Melbourne 2006 Commonwealth Games". Produced by Metlink, running time 17mins, has the games logo, Metlink., Yarra Trams, Connex, BusVic, VLine and Victorian Government logos on the rear. Features various elements of public transport access during the games, how they coped made changes, planning, Richmond station, Flinders St station, use of buses, passenger flows at Richmond, opening event, Ballarat station, VLine services, Doncaster Park and Ride and buses, Southbank depot, depot run outs, the Yarra Trams Fleet operations centre, Aquatic centre tram stops, St Kilda station, Southern Cross station, a very short segment of Z81, information campaigns, Metlink call centre, Rob Barnett of VLine, Dennis Cliche of Yarra trams, Peter Gibson of VLine, Digby Drew of Yarra Trams, John Stanley of BusVic, Mark Whitehead of VLine, Bernie Carolan of Metlink, Scott Martin of Dept. of Infrastructure, VLine, Mary Dimovski of Metlink, Andrew Kyriacou of Connex, Bruce Hughes of Connex.trams, tramways, commonwealth games, yarra trams, passenger services, metlink, connex, vline -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Domestic object - Spoon, Cooper Brothers, 1866-1932
This tablespoon was recovered from an unknown shipwreck in the coastal waters of Victoria in the late 1960s to early 1970s. The shipwrecks in the area range from around the 1840s to the early 1930s, and this particular spoon dates from about 1866 to 1932. It is part of the John Chance Collection. This spoon has the embossed names of Pompton and Silver and appears to have other marks that have worn off. The Pompton brand was used on silver flatware made by Cooper Brothers & Sons. Ltd of Sheffield. In Australia the Pompton Silver cutlery was advertised for sale in Sydney in the mid-1920s. The spoon is likely to be plated silver or silver plate, which is a base metal such as nickel or nickel alloy with copper and/or zinc that has been plated or coated with a thin layer of silver. Wear on the metal will cause the base metals to appear through the silver plating. Some manufacturers gave a warranty that the cutlery was ‘white throughout’ but didn’t necessarily say it was solid silver. Cooper Brothers was established in 1866 by brothers Thomas and John William Cooper in High Street, Sheffield. They bought Don Plate Works in 1872. By 1876 they were at Bridge Street and in 1885 they purchased the works at 44 Arundel St Sheffield. In 1895 the firm became Cooper Brothers & Sons Ltd. By 1914 they had branches in London, Sydney, Melbourne and Montreal, advertising as silversmiths, silver cutlers, electroplaters, Britannia Metal smiths and cutlers, particularly spoons and forks. The firm also used the trademarks of DON SILVER, POMPTON SILVER and a logo of a Cooper (barrel maker) in different formats. Cooper Brothers & Sons had a reputation for producing good quality silver and silver plate. In 1900 they registered their Maker’s Mark of the letters ‘CB&s’ within a shield. They also used the Sheffield Assay Hallmark of a Crown. A diagram on a Copper Brothers & Sons, Don Plate Works, advertisement showed three styles of cutlery; No. 393, Old English, and Fiddle. They announced that they were the ‘sole makers of the celebrated “Don” brand of nickel silver spoons and forks’. A burglary in NSW in 1929 listed a stolen flatware set as ‘all Sheffield Silver plate and branded Pompton Silver Works A.1.’. It was ‘guaranteed to wear white throughout’ and was a ‘good, medium quality, nickel silver line’. Cooper Brothers & Sons Ltd. was acquired in 1983 by Frank Cobb & Co. Ltd. Although the spoon is not linked to a particular shipwreck, it is recognised as being historically significant as an example of cutlery either as part of the ship’s flatware service or imported for use in Colonial Victoria in the 19th to early 20th century. The spoon is significant for its association with renowned makers Cooper Brothers of Sheffield, makers of silverware from the 1860s to the 1980s and exporters into the Colonies. The spoon is also significant as it was recovered by John Chance, a diver in Victoria’s coastal waters in the late 1960s to early 1970s. Items that come from several wrecks have since been donated to the Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village’s museum collection by his family, illustrating this item’s level of historical value. Spoon; plated silver tablespoon with brown base metal. Handle is Old English design and is embossed - some marks are worn and unidentifiable. Branded Pompton Silver.Embossed within two rectangular shapes “POMPTON” and “SILVER” (other marks have worn off)flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, john chance, cutlery, flatware silver, silver plate, antique flatware, old english flatware pattern, eating utensils, spoon, tablespoon, silverware, dining utensil, cooper brothers, don plate works, pompton silver, sheffield silver -
Lauriston Girls’ School (incorporating Lauriston Museum and Gallery)
Administrative record (item) - Enrolment Books
Record Series 13. Enrolment Books comprises two enrolment registers and lose pages (for males), that were used to record the details of each new student starting at Lauriston. These volumes date back to the inception of our school and are Lauriston’s first system of documentation used to record student information. Both the enrolment entries and alphabetical index at the start of each book are handwritten into a hard bound volume that was commercially produced at the time as school stationery to record student enrolments. The first volume dates from 1901 to 1919, and the second from 1920 to 1930, but holds further details of the academic results of the students already enrolled up to 1933. The two registers are arranged in a double page column format. The column headings are as follows: • Name • Date of Birth • Name and Address of Parent • Occupation [sometimes empty] • Elementary [First year level for students] • I. • IIA. • IIB. • IIIIA. • IIIB. [annotated to become IVa] • IV. [annotated to become IVb] • VA. • VB. • VI. • Date of Leaving. • Remarks [includes such details as: academic results for student’s last couple of years such as Matric or Leaving and their individual subject results; where they went to if another school; reason for departure if no further education; also some accolades such as “Head of School”. The first column that held the student’s name was annotated with the year date and term. Below the student’s name in some of the early enrolment entries, extra information was added such as “died” and the date, or the student’s married name. The details of male students who went to Lauriston’s kindergarten from 1911 are also in the registers. There are details of male students also recorded separately in loose pages that detail the enrolments from 1922 to 1930. Up until 1944, Lauriston used school year level titles used within English Public Schools. In the registers the first year is “Elementary” (Prep) and the final year is “VI” (Year 12). The first girls who wanted to go to university sat their Senior Public Exam in their fifth year of secondary school. Students could take an extra year of study called Leaving Honours. In 1944 university entrance requirements were raised and this sixth year of secondary school became the Matriculation exam. In 1970 it was renamed High School Certificate and since 1991, the Victorian Certificate of Education.