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Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Machine - Dioptric Apparatus, mid 19th century
Before the introduction of electricity, lighthouses had a clockwork mechanism that caused the lens to rotate with a light source inside that was either powered by Kerosene or Colza oil. The mechanism consisted of a large weight attached by a cable through the centre of the lighthouse to the top where the cable wrapped around a barrel, drum or wheels that controlled the speed of the lights rotation by a clockwork mechanism. The keeper would crank the clockwork mechanism, which would lift the weight ready for the next cycle similar to an old grandfather clock mechanism. Once the weight lifted to its apex at the bottom of the first landing, the keeper would let it fall, which would pull on the cable, which would, in turn, operate a series of gears activating the rotation of the Fresnel optical lens, which would then rotate to create the lighthouse’s unique light speed of rotation characteristic. Creating a specific characteristic required a way to regulate the speed of the rotation, and was important as sailors could identify a particular light by its speed and time between flashes. The weight had to fall at a certain rate to create the proper rotation speed of the lens and a regulator within the mechanism accomplished this. History: From 1851, Chance Brothers became a major lighthouse engineering company, producing optical components, machinery, and other equipment for lighthouses around the world. James Timmins Chance pioneered placing lighthouse lamps inside a cage surrounded by Fresnel lenses to increase the available light output these cages, are known as optics and they revolutionised lighthouse design. Another important innovation from Chance Brothers was the introduction of rotating optics, allowing adjacent lighthouses to be distinguished from each other by the number of times per revolution the light flashes. The noted English physicist and engineer, John Hopkins invented this system while employed at Chance Brothers. Chance Brothers and Company was a glass works and originally based in Spon Lane, Smethwick, West Midlands England. The company became a leading glass manufacturer and a pioneer of British glass making technology. The Chance family originated in Bromsgrove as farmers and craftsmen before setting up a business in Smethwick near Birmingham in 1824. They took advantage of the skilled workers, canals and many other industrial advances taking place in the West Midlands at the time. Robert Lucas Chance (1782–1865), known as 'Lucas', bought the British Crown Glass Company's works in Spon Lane in 1824. The company specialised in making crown window glass, the company ran into difficulty and its survival was guaranteed in 1832 by investment from Chance's brother, William (1788 – 1856). William owned an iron factoring business in Great Charles Street, Birmingham. After a previous partnership that Lucas had dissolved in 1836, Lucas and William Chance became partners in the business which was renamed, Chance Brothers and Company. Chance Brothers invented many innovative processes and became known as the greatest glass manufacturer in Britain. In 1848 under the supervision of Georges Bontemps, a French glass maker from Choosy-le-Roi, a new plant was set up to manufacture crown and flint glass for lighthouse optics, telescopes and cameras. Bontemps agreed to share his processes that up to then had been secret with the Chance Brothers and stayed in England to collaborate with them for six years. In 1900 a baronetcy was created for James Timmins Chance (1814–1902), a grandson of William Chance, who had started the family business in 1771 with his brother Robert. Roberts grandson, James became head of Chance Brothers until his retirement in 1889 when the company became a public company and its name changed to Chance Brothers & Co. Ltd. Additional information: Lighthouses are equipped with unique light characteristic or flashing pattern that sailors can use to identify specific lighthouses during the night. Lighthouses can achieve distinctive light characteristics in a few different ways. A lighthouse can flash, which is when brief periods of light interrupt longer moments of darkness. The light can occult, which is when brief periods of darkness interrupt longer moments of light. The light can be fixed, which is when the light never goes dark. A lighthouse can use a combination of flashing, oscillating, or being fixed in a variety of combinations and intervals to create individual light characteristics. It is a common misconception that a lighthouse's light source changes the intensity to create a light characteristic. The light source remains constant and the rotating Fresnel lens creates the various changes in appearance. Some Fresnel lenses have "bulls-eye" panels create beams of light that, when rotated between the light and the observer, make the light appear to flash. Conversely, some lenses have metal panels that, when rotated between the light and the observer, make the light appear to go dark. This Dioptric clockwork apparatus used to turn a lighthouse optical lens is very significant as it is integral to a lighthouses operation, we can also look at the social aspect of lighthouses as being traditionally rich with symbolism and conceptual meanings. Lighthouses illustrate social concepts such as danger, risk, adversity, challenge and vigilance but they also offers guidance, salvation and safety. The glowing lamp reminds sailors that security and home are well within reach, they also symbolize the way forward and help in navigating our way through rough waters not just on the oceans of the world but in our personal lives be it financial, personal, business or spiritual in nature. Nothing else speaks of safety and security in the face of adversity and challenge quite the way a lighthouse does. Revolving dioptric clockwork apparatus used to turn a Fresnel optical lighthouse lens. A cylindrical cast metal pillar and cabinet painted green with 3 glass doors enclosing the top section. Inside the pillar/cabinet is a large clockwork mechanism used to turn and regulate a lighthouse light by means of weights and a chain attached to same. One door has the name "Adams Mare" in metallic dots similar to "Braille" to the inside edge of door frame.shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, flagstaff hill, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, warrnambool, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, revolving dioptric mechanism, dioptric mechanism for lighthouse, lighthouse clockwork timing mechanism, acetylene lighthouse light mechanism, 19th century lighthouse mechanism, kerosene light, fresnel lenses, colza oil, chance brothers -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Machine - Diving Compressor, Siebe Gorman & Co. Ltd, 1880-1890
This compressor was part of the E.G. Ward Collection. It is connected to the diving suit and boots also in our collection. Siebe Gorman & Company Ltd was a British company that developed diving equipment and breathing equipment and worked on commercial diving and marine salvage projects. The company advertised itself as 'Submarine Engineers'. It was founded by Augustus Siebe, a German-born British engineer chiefly known for his contributions to diving equipment. Siebe Gorman traded as an engineering firm for over 180 years from 1819 to 1999. The early success of the business was due to its founder, the Prussian immigrant Christian 'Augustus' Siebe (1788-1872). For business reasons, he applied for and was granted British citizenship in 1856. He was a gifted engineer who was able to translate theoretical problems into practical, working products. During the industrial Victorian period, the business traded as 'A. Siebe' at 145 High Street Holborn London, but in 1828 new premises were acquired at 5 Denmark Street, Soho. The family firm produced a wide range of manufactured goods including paper-making machinery, measuring machinery, water-pumps, refrigeration equipment and diving apparatus. Augustus Siebe specialised in submarine engineering early on and the company gained a reputation for the manufacture of safe, reliable diving apparatus. Augustus Siebe is best remembered for the development and manufacture of the ‘closed’ Diving Dress based on the ideas of Charles and John Deane, George Edwards and Charles Pasley. Apart from some small modifications to valves and diver communications, the basic 12 bolt ‘closed’ diving dress remained relatively unchanged after the 1870s. Later company successes were also based on innovation, with new products that could be successfully developed and manufactured to high standards. This was largely attributed to the inventive nature, foresight, engineering and entrepreneurial skills of Robert Henry Davis (1870-1965). In 1882, RH Davis joined the company of 'Siebe & Gorman' as a young 11-year-old office boy and he was to remain with the company until he died in 1965. Augustus Siebe retired in 1869 and handed over the company to a new partnership of Henry H. Siebe (1830-1885) and William A. O'Gorman (1834-1904). The new firm traded as 'Siebe & Gorman' (1870-1879) from premises in and around Mason Street, Westminster Bridge Road, Lambeth, London. The two partners soon recognised the potential of R.H. Davis and in 1894, aged 24, he became General Manager of Siebe & Gorman. Davis increasingly ran the company until the surviving partner (W.A. Gorman) died in 1904. The firm was disposed of to the Vickers (armaments) family and a new company 'Siebe Gorman & Co. Ltd.' (1905-1998) was formed. Under the chairmanship of Albert Vickers, R.H. Davis was kept on as Managing Director, and the company forged ahead. However, after WW1, the Great Depression caused manufacturing output and share prices to slump. In 1924 Robert Davis made a deal with the Vickers Board and acquired control of the company through majority shares. Under his leadership, the Siebe Gorman Company flourished and within time, four of his sons also joined the firm. The company gained a worldwide reputation for the manufacture of diving apparatus, decompression and observation chambers, and safety breathing apparatus of all types for use on the land, in the air and under the sea (including mine rescue, tunneling, aircraft, diving, submarine escape and in other hazardous environments). Close research and development links with the MOD (especially the Admiralty), also provided a lucrative outlet for the company products. In 1932, Robert Davis was knighted by King George V, principally for his invention of the ‘Davis Submerged Escape Apparatus’ (D.S.E.A.). Siebe Gorman essentially remained a family firm from the beginning (under A Siebe) until it became a public company for the first time in 1952. However, following WW2, British manufacturing stagnated through stifled investment and post-war austerity, and there was little innovation. Siebe Gorman fortunes began to decline as an ageing Sir Robert Davis failed to invest, or change the company business and management practices. In 1959, Siebe Gorman was acquired by the “Fairy Group” and the ailing Sir Robert was made Life President. Consequently, nothing changed and the slow decline continued until Sir Robert's death in March 1965. Around 1960, Siebe Gorman acquired the diving apparatus manufacturer C E Heinke, and for a brief period, it manufactured some diving equipment under the combined name of Siebe Heinke. Around 1964, Mr. E. 'Barry' Stephens was appointed as the new Managing Director to modernise Siebe Gorman. Changes were made, including a move to a new factory in Wales in 1975. The new company concentrated on fire fighting breathing apparatus and escape equipment, and the move coincided with the loss of many of the older, traditional craft skills. Between 1985 and 1998, Siebe expanded through acquisitions, and several other companies were acquired. The Siebe Gorman (diving apparatus) company has therefore traded as A. Siebe (1819-1870); Siebe & Gorman (1870-1879); Siebe Gorman & Co (1880-1904); Siebe Gorman & Co. Ltd (1905-1998).The compressor is a very significant item as it gives a snapshot into marine history and the development of diving equipment generally especially that used for salvage operations before and during WW2. Siebe & Gorman the company that made the equipment was a leading inventor, developer and innovator of marine equipment with its early helmets and other items eagerly sought after today for collections around the world. The items in the Flagstaff Hill collection give us an insight as to how divers operated and the dangers they faced doing a very necessary and dangerous job during the early days of marine exploration.A single cylinder divers' pump by Siebe Gorman & Co Ltd, London, eccentric hand cranked in brass mounted mahogany case with instructions to the underside of the lid, brass covered pressure gauge and air outlet, brass makers plaque to the front, water inlet and outlet to the rear, green painted lifting rings. Machinery has some blue painted areas on the metal.Plate on the back 'WATER SUPPLY" "WATER OVERFLOW" "WATER DRAIN-IN" Pressure gauge dial "BOURDON'S PRESSURE GAUGE" STEBE GORMAN & CO. LONDON", "LBS PRESSURE" "FEET OF SALT WATER" Plate on the front " PATENT, Siebe Gorman & Co Ltd Submarine Engineers" below emblem (Lion, Crown, Horse)flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff-hill, maritime-museum, diving compressor, london, siebe gorman & co ltd, marine technology, life saving, deep sea diving, maritime museum, maritime village, manine history -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Craft - Scrimshaw, Late 20th century
The ship “Ellis” started life as the Clementina, launched in America in 1781. The vessel was first listed in Lloyd's Register in 1784 and under this name began serving as a slave ship sailing out of Liverpool. A Lloyd’s database records of slave-trading voyages by vessels from Liverpool makes it clear that Clementina was a slave trader. The next year Captain J. Elworthy sailed her to West Central Africa and St Helena. He transported his slaves to South Carolina. Then in 1785 Elworthy gathered slaves in the Bight of Biafra and the Gulf of Guinea Islands for delivery to Jamaica. In 1786 Bent & Co. purchased the Clementina and renamed her Ellis, presumably after the then owner Ellis Bent. She remained in the slave trade and In 1788 Captain John Ford sailed the now renamed Ellis to the Bight of Biafra and the Gulf of Guinea to gather slaves. He delivered this batch of slaves to the island of Grenada. The next year, 1789 the Ellis was almost completely rebuilt, and from the change in subsequent reports of her cargo loading or (burthen), she was enlarged. In 1791, Captain Joseph Matthews became master and sailed the Ellis to the Gold Coast then delivering his consignment of slaves to the island of St Vincent. During this voyage, some misfortune may have befallen Matthews because records show the Ellis command was transferred to Thomas Given. In 1792, Given sailed to the Bight of Biafra and the Islands in the Gulf of Guinea, again collecting slaves for delivery to Jamaica. There is a parallel record, also for 1793, that the Ellis under the command of Thomas Heart, undertook the same journey and with the same itinerary and cargo. In 1793, Bent & Co. decided to use the Ellis as a privateer with John Levingston as the master. After receiving a letter of "marque” on the 3rd of June 1793, that allowed any armed vessel to commit acts on the high seas which would otherwise have constituted piracy. Thus the Ellis began to operate as a combat ship under the endorsement of the British navy. The Ellis was three times captured first by the French frigate Gracieuse, under the command of Captain Chevillard on 22 July 1793. The French took her into service and renamed her as ”Elise”. Later that summer the Spanish captured her and in November ownership returned to the French who then renamed her the “Esperance”. On the 8th of June 1794, Esperance arrived in Jacmel, Saint-Domingue (present-day Haiti), from France with the official proclamation of the abolition of slavery. Leger-Felicite Sonthonax was one of the Civil Commissioners of Saint-Domingue and he had already unilaterally proclaimed the island for the French colony the year before amid a slave rebellion and attacks from British and Spanish forces. Ironically, Esperance also brought the news to the Civil Commissioners that the National Convention of France had impeached them on 16th July 1793 and ordered them to return promptly to France. On 8 January 1795, HMS Argonaut, under the command of Captain Alexander John Ball, captured Esperance while she was on the North America station. At this time the Esperance was armed with 22 guns (4 and 6-pounders) and had a crew of 130 men. She was under the command of Lieutenant de vaisseau De St. Laurent and had been out at sea for 56 days from Rochfort, bound for the American Chesapeake Bay area. The French ambassador to the United States registered a complaint with the President of the United States that Argonaut, by stating that by entering Lynnhaven bay, either before she captured Esperance or shortly thereafter, had violated a treaty between France and the United States. The French also accused the British of having brought the Esperance into Lynnhaven for refitting for a cruise. The British Consul replied that the capture had taken place some 10 leagues offshore as the bad weather had forced Argonaut and her prize to shelter within the Chesapeake area for some days, but that they had left as soon as practicable. Furthermore, Argonaut had paroled her French prisoners on arrival at Lynnhaven, and if she had entered American territorial waters solely to parole her French prisoners no one would have thought that objectionable. Royal Navy Service: Because the Esperance was captured in good order and sailed well, Rear Admiral George Murray, the British commander in chief of the North American station, put a British crew aboard and sent the Esperance out on patrol with HMS Lynx, under the command of John Poo Beresford, on 31st January. On 1st March the two vessels captured the Cocarde Nationale (or National Cockade), a privateer from Charleston, South Carolina, of 14 guns, six swivel cannons and a crew of 80 men. Esperance and the lynx went on to recaptured the ship Norfolk, of Belfast, and the brig George, of Workington. On 20 July, Esperance, in company with frigates Thetis and Hussar, intercepted the American vessel Cincinnatus, of Wilmington, sailing from Ireland to Wilmington. They pressed many men on board into service, narrowly missing the Irish revolutionary Wolfe Tone, who was on his way to Philadelphia. Esperance was formally commissioned in 1795 into the Royal Navy in August under the Command of Jonas Rose. On 4 May 1796 Esperance was sailing in company with HMS Spencer and Bonetta when they sighted a suspicious vessel. Spencer set off in chase while shortly thereafter Esperance saw two vessels, a schooner and a sloop, and she and Bonetta set off after them. Spencer sailed south by south-east and the other two British vessels sailed south-west by west, with the result that they lost sight of each other. Spencer captured the French gun-brig Volcan, while Bonetta and Esperance captured the French schooner Poisson Volant. The Esperance eventually arrived at Portsmouth on the 3rd of November 1797, the crew was paid off and on 31st May 1798 the Admiralty listed the Esperance for sale and she was sold in June 1798 for £600.The subject scrimshaw is a modern reproduction crudely done of a historic vessel and the scene is believed to be engraved onto a synthetic substance. Scrimshaw art crudely carved into non-natural material in the shape of a tooth. The line artwork is an image of a three-masted sailing ship with a poop deck, and anchors, are coloured black. Inscription is engraved into tooth.Engraved "Man o War Ellis" warrnambool, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, scrimshaw, ellis, esperance, clementina, elise, hms ship, man of war, leter of marque, privateer, slave ship, slavery, ellis bent, american war of inderpendance, marine art, marine artifact, whale tooth, ivory tooth, resin, plastic, craft, engraving, carving -
Orbost & District Historical Society
accounts book, 24-27 May 1978
The Orbost Rifle Club existed in the early 20th century. (There are records from 1900). It folded in the late 1970's. This book was used by the club just before it folded.Target shooting is one of the oldest organised sports in Australia. Records date back to the British Marines at Sydney Cove in 1788. The Victorian Rifle Association (VRA) was formed in 1860. One of the most important adjuncts to the militia system from 1903 to the re-organisation of 1912 was the role played by the Rifle Club movement in Australia. At the time, these clubs were seen as the reservoir of manpower for a potential guerrilla force should any invasion occur. For Australia, the invasion fear was uppermost in the minds of the population. So important were the rifle clubs for the defence of Australia that the Commonwealth provided the training staff, rifles and ammunition so the clubs could function. Members were drilled, wore uniforms and practised all the basic skills of soldiering as well as target shooting. The Orbost Rifle Club was active during this period.An almost new blue covered book for accounts and receipts. It has a navy blue spine and white print on the cover - "TUDOR DUPLICATE BOOK No. 37". It contains a record of ammunition. Only two pages of 100 have been used.orbost-rifle-club -
Orbost & District Historical Society
account book, November 5 1976 - July 18 1977
The Orbost Rifle Club existed in the early 20th century. (There are records from 1900). It folded in the late 1970's.Target shooting is one of the oldest organised sports in Australia. Records date back to the British Marines at Sydney Cove in 1788. The Victorian Rifle Association (VRA) was formed in 1860. One of the most important adjuncts to the militia system from 1903 to the re-organisation of 1912 was the role played by the Rifle Club movement in Australia. At the time, these clubs were seen as the reservoir of manpower for a potential guerrilla force should any invasion occur. For Australia, the invasion fear was uppermost in the minds of the population. So important were the rifle clubs for the defence of Australia that the Commonwealth provided the training staff, rifles and ammunition so the clubs could function. Members were drilled, wore uniforms and practised all the basic skills of soldiering as well as target shooting. The Orbost Rifle Club was active during this period.A bright orange receipt / account book with a blue spine. On the cover in dark blue is "Tudor Recordall COUNTER BOOK" at the top and at the bottom is " No. 51 50's Duplicate flexibound"on front cover - handwritten -" Amunition (sic) 1976"orbost-rifle-club -
Orbost & District Historical Society
accounts book, June 30 1956
The Orbost Rifle Club existed in the early 20th century. (There are records from 1900). It folded in the late 1970's.Target shooting is one of the oldest organised sports in Australia. Records date back to the British Marines at Sydney Cove in 1788. The Victorian Rifle Association (VRA) was formed in 1860. One of the most important adjuncts to the militia system from 1903 to the re-organisation of 1912 was the role played by the Rifle Club movement in Australia. At the time, these clubs were seen as the reservoir of manpower for a potential guerrilla force should any invasion occur. For Australia, the invasion fear was uppermost in the minds of the population. So important were the rifle clubs for the defence of Australia that the Commonwealth provided the training staff, rifles and ammunition so the clubs could function. Members were drilled, wore uniforms and practised all the basic skills of soldiering as well as target shooting. The Orbost Rifle Club was active during this period.A grey covered bookj with a light brown fabric spine. The front has a white sticker label with "Orbost Rifle Club" handwritten in ink. It contains accounts and a trophy list.orbost-rifle-club accounts-book -
Orbost & District Historical Society
minute book, 10.2.1950 - 11.5.1961
The Orbost Rifle Club existed in the early 20th century. (There are records from 1900). It folded in the late 1970's. The secretaries at the time of this book were D.Towers and ? Healey.arget shooting is one of the oldest organised sports in Australia. Records date back to the British Marines at Sydney Cove in 1788. The Victorian Rifle Association (VRA) was formed in 1860. One of the most important adjuncts to the militia system from 1903 to the re-organisation of 1912 was the role played by the Rifle Club movement in Australia. At the time, these clubs were seen as the reservoir of manpower for a potential guerrilla force should any invasion occur. For Australia, the invasion fear was uppermost in the minds of the population. So important were the rifle clubs for the defence of Australia that the Commonwealth provided the training staff, rifles and ammunition so the clubs could function. Members were drilled, wore uniforms and practised all the basic skills of soldiering as well as target shooting. The Orbost Rifle Club was active during this period.A light brown covered book with a brown fabric binding. There is a white sticker label on the front - "Single Cash" in black print. It contains minutes .orbost-rifle-club minute-book -
Orbost & District Historical Society
accounts book, 6.7.1968 - 13.10. 1973
The Orbost Rifle Club existed in the early 20th century. (There are records from 1900). It folded in the late 1970's.Target shooting is one of the oldest organised sports in Australia. Records date back to the British Marines at Sydney Cove in 1788. The Victorian Rifle Association (VRA) was formed in 1860. One of the most important adjuncts to the militia system from 1903 to the re-organisation of 1912 was the role played by the Rifle Club movement in Australia. At the time, these clubs were seen as the reservoir of manpower for a potential guerrilla force should any invasion occur. For Australia, the invasion fear was uppermost in the minds of the population. So important were the rifle clubs for the defence of Australia that the Commonwealth provided the training staff, rifles and ammunition so the clubs could function. Members were drilled, wore uniforms and practised all the basic skills of soldiering as well as target shooting. The Orbost Rifle Club was active during this period.A green fabric covered book with "Collins Analysis Book 81 Series" in black print on front cover. Inside the pages are lined in green and blue. It contains accounts and a trophy list at the back. There is a page on a memo to clubs re Stamp Duties Act 1967. orbost-rifle-club acounts-book trophy-list -
Orbost & District Historical Society
correspondence books, 10.12.1955 - 20.9.1977
These books were used by the Orbost Rifle Club to record correspondence. The Orbost Rifle Club existed in the early 20th century. (There are records from 1900). It folded in the late 1970's.Target shooting is one of the oldest organised sports in Australia. Records date back to the British Marines at Sydney Cove in 1788. The Victorian Rifle Association (VRA) was formed in 1860. One of the most important adjuncts to the militia system from 1903 to the re-organisation of 1912 was the role played by the Rifle Club movement in Australia. At the time, these clubs were seen as the reservoir of manpower for a potential guerrilla force should any invasion occur. For Australia, the invasion fear was uppermost in the minds of the population. So important were the rifle clubs for the defence of Australia that the Commonwealth provided the training staff, rifles and ammunition so the clubs could function. Members were drilled, wore uniforms and practised all the basic skills of soldiering as well as target shooting. The Orbost Rifle Club was active during this period.Four duplicate Correspondence books. All are brown with a brown cloth spine. 1359.1, 1359.2 and 1359.3 have marbled covers and 1359.4 has a dark brown soft cover with "TUDOR DUPLICATE BOOK" in paler print. -
Orbost & District Historical Society
book, Warne Dollar & Cent Ready Reckoner, 1967
This book was used after the introduction of decimal currency in 1966. it was used by the Orbost Rifle Club. The Orbost Rifle Club existed in the early 20th century. (There are records from 1900). It folded in the late 1970's.Target shooting is one of the oldest organised sports in Australia. Records date back to the British Marines at Sydney Cove in 1788. The Victorian Rifle Association (VRA) was formed in 1860. One of the most important adjuncts to the militia system from 1903 to the re-organisation of 1912 was the role played by the Rifle Club movement in Australia. At the time, these clubs were seen as the reservoir of manpower for a potential guerrilla force should any invasion occur. For Australia, the invasion fear was uppermost in the minds of the population. So important were the rifle clubs for the defence of Australia that the Commonwealth provided the training staff, rifles and ammunition so the clubs could function. Members were drilled, wore uniforms and practised all the basic skills of soldiering as well as target shooting. The Orbost Rifle Club was active during this period. This item is an example of accounting practices during the transition to Decimal currency.A small cream coloured book with brown print on front cover - "Warne Dollar & Cent Ready Reckoner".inside cover - Ted Curtis 5 Lind Lane Orbostaccounting orbost-rifle-club ready-reckoner-warne decimal-currency -
Orbost & District Historical Society
folder of documents, 1960 - 1970
The Orbost Rifle Club existed in the early 20th century. (There are records from 1900). It folded in the late 1970's.Target shooting is one of the oldest organised sports in Australia. Records date back to the British Marines at Sydney Cove in 1788. The Victorian Rifle Association (VRA) was formed in 1860. One of the most important adjuncts to the militia system from 1903 to the re-organisation of 1912 was the role played by the Rifle Club movement in Australia. At the time, these clubs were seen as the reservoir of manpower for a potential guerrilla force should any invasion occur. For Australia, the invasion fear was uppermost in the minds of the population. So important were the rifle clubs for the defence of Australia that the Commonwealth provided the training staff, rifles and ammunition so the clubs could function. Members were drilled, wore uniforms and practised all the basic skills of soldiering as well as target shooting. The Orbost Rifle Club was active during this period.A small blue folder with a metal grip. It contains assorted documents concerning the Orbost Rifle Club.orbost-rifel-club documents -
Orbost & District Historical Society
cash book, 6. 7. 1977 - 3.8.1977
The Orbost Rifle Club existed in the early 20th century. (There are records from 1900). It folded in the late 1970's.Target shooting is one of the oldest organised sports in Australia. Records date back to the British Marines at Sydney Cove in 1788. The Victorian Rifle Association (VRA) was formed in 1860. One of the most important adjuncts to the militia system from 1903 to the re-organisation of 1912 was the role played by the Rifle Club movement in Australia. At the time, these clubs were seen as the reservoir of manpower for a potential guerrilla force should any invasion occur. For Australia, the invasion fear was uppermost in the minds of the population. So important were the rifle clubs for the defence of Australia that the Commonwealth provided the training staff, rifles and ammunition so the clubs could function. Members were drilled, wore uniforms and practised all the basic skills of soldiering as well as target shooting. The Orbost Rifle Club was active during this period.A small thick light blue cocered book with whit print on front - "Tudor Cash Receipt Book No. 61". Eleven pages have been used.Inside T of Tudor is written - "Rifle Club".orbost-rifle-club accounts-receipts -
Kew Historical Society Inc
Book, Royal Historical Society of Victoria, Faces of Federation : an illustrated history, 2000
Melbourne : Royal Historical Society of Victoria, 2000 134 p. : ill. ; 28 cm. non-fictionfederal government -- australia -- history, australia -- history -- 1891-1901, constitutional history -- australia, australia -- politics and government -- 1891-1901, australia -- politics and government -- to 1900, australia -- history -- 1788-1900, australia -- constitutional history, australia -- history -- 1891-1901 -- biography -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Robinson, Fergus et al, The Black Resistance : an introduction to the history of the Aborigines' struggle against British Colonialism, 1977
Using materiqal largely ignored by historians, this book traces the dispossession of the Aboriginal people and records the strategic and tactical objectives of tribal defence as well as the aims and methods of the British invaders.137 p. : maps ; refs.; 22 cm.Using materiqal largely ignored by historians, this book traces the dispossession of the Aboriginal people and records the strategic and tactical objectives of tribal defence as well as the aims and methods of the British invaders.race relations. australia, 1788-ca.1900. | aboriginal australians -- government relations. | aboriginal australians -- history. | australia -- history -- 1788-1900. | race discrimination -- australia -- history. | race relations - violent - massacres, murders, poisonings etc. - to 1900 -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Baxter, Annie (1816-1905), Memories of Tasmania and of the Macleay River and New England districts of New South Wales and of Port Fairy in the western district of Port Phillip, 1834-1848, 1980
They are the reminiscences of an English army officer's daughter who also was the wife of another such officer, and who by a chance of army life had become an antipodite. They cover the years between 1834, ... and 1848, ... They relate almost entirely to Australia, for she spent thirteen of those years either in Tasmania or in the Macleay River district of New South Wales or at Port Fairy in the Port Phillip district ...'`xii, 88 p. ; appendix; 33 cm.They are the reminiscences of an English army officer's daughter who also was the wife of another such officer, and who by a chance of army life had become an antipodite. They cover the years between 1834, ... and 1848, ... They relate almost entirely to Australia, for she spent thirteen of those years either in Tasmania or in the Macleay River district of New South Wales or at Port Fairy in the Port Phillip district ...'eastern australia. social life, 1834-1848. personal observations. | australia -- social life and customs. | australia -- history -- 1788-1900. | macleay river region (n.s.w.) -- history. -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Bland, William, Journey of discovery to Port Phillip, 1985
Prehistory, early culture contact and history -- Early European contact -- Exploration and expeditions -- Colonisation -- 1788-1850.137 p. : 2 plates. ; 21 cm.Prehistory, early culture contact and history -- Early European contact -- Exploration and expeditions -- Colonisation -- 1788-1850.hovell, w. h. (william hilton), 1786-1875. | hume, hamilton, 1797-1873. | victoria -- discovery and exploration. | new south wales -- discovery and exploration. -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Gibbs, R. M, The Aborigines, 1994
The book seeks to provide a readable account of traditional Aboriginal society in Australia, and of what happened to that society after the European invasion began in 1788.152 p. : ill., maps. ; 25 cm.The book seeks to provide a readable account of traditional Aboriginal society in Australia, and of what happened to that society after the European invasion began in 1788.aboriginal australians -- history. | aboriginal australians -- social life and customs. -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Journal - Serials, Department of Pacific and Southeast Asian History, Australian National University, Aboriginal History - Volume 17.1-2 1993, 1993
Under the title " John Piper, "Conqueror of the Interior", the article deals with the Aboriginal who accompanied Major Mitchell on his 1836 expedition. The article relates the whole journey with an extensive picture of his travels through Victoria.194 P.; refs; footnotes; reviews; bib; 25 cm.Under the title " John Piper, "Conqueror of the Interior", the article deals with the Aboriginal who accompanied Major Mitchell on his 1836 expedition. The article relates the whole journey with an extensive picture of his travels through Victoria.aboriginal australians -- periodicals. | ethnology -- australia -- periodicals. | settlement and contacts - colonisation - 1788-1850 | race relations - violent - massacres, murders, poisonings etc. - to 1900 | settlement and contacts - explorers | occupations - domestic servants | social organisation - kinship - systems | occupations - pastoral industry workers | race relations - racism - stereotyping | -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Department of Pacific and Southeast Asian History, Australian National University, Aboriginal History - Volume 08. 1-2 1984, 1984
This volume of 'Australian History' is devoted to studies of the south-eastern corner of the Australian continent. The papers arose from a series of meetings convened with Professer R. W. Dixon in 1981. They involved scholars from the disciplines listed, all concerned with the south-east. A series of articles by leading writers on Aboriginal History.237 P.; ill,; figs.; tables; notes; reviews; 24 cm.This volume of 'Australian History' is devoted to studies of the south-eastern corner of the Australian continent. The papers arose from a series of meetings convened with Professer R. W. Dixon in 1981. They involved scholars from the disciplines listed, all concerned with the south-east. A series of articles by leading writers on Aboriginal History.aboriginal australians -- periodicals. | ethnology -- australia -- periodicals. | settlement and contacts - colonisation - 1788-1850 | race relations - violent - massacres, murders, poisonings etc. - to 1900 | sex relations | indigenous knowledge - world view | language - personal names | language - semantics | social identity | language - sociolinguistics | government policy - state and territory - new south wales | socioeconomic conditions - living conditions | language - linguistics - language classification | language - vocabulary - word lists | language - linguistics | geography - territories and boundaries | art - rock art - painting | art - production - materials / techniques | art - art motifs | -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Blainey, Geoffrey, A land half won, 1980
...covers the second phase of Australia's history from the coming of the first fleets to the long drought and depression which ushered in the new Commonwealth in 1901.v, 388 p., [12] p. of plates : maps ; 22 cm....covers the second phase of Australia's history from the coming of the first fleets to the long drought and depression which ushered in the new Commonwealth in 1901. australia. social conditions, to 1900. | australia -- social conditions -- 1788-1900. -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Blake, Barry J, Australian Aboriginal Languages : a general introduction, 1991
Non-technical introduction covering phonology, grammar, vocabulary, sociolinguistics, language relationships pidgin and Aboriginal English, loan words in English, wordlists in Tiwi, Malak-Malak, Alyawarre, Walmajarri, Nyungar, Pitjantjatjara, Wemba-Wemba, Dharawal, Bidyara, Pitta-Pitta, Kalkatungu and Mayi-Yabi. In 1788 Australia had more than 200 such languages -- as different from each other as English is from French. Today, more than 100 are extinct and many of the rest are under threat.Professor Blake describes the sounds, spelling and location of the different languages, and dispels many popular myths.viii, 138 p. : ill., map. ; 21 cm.Non-technical introduction covering phonology, grammar, vocabulary, sociolinguistics, language relationships pidgin and Aboriginal English, loan words in English, wordlists in Tiwi, Malak-Malak, Alyawarre, Walmajarri, Nyungar, Pitjantjatjara, Wemba-Wemba, Dharawal, Bidyara, Pitta-Pitta, Kalkatungu and Mayi-Yabi. In 1788 Australia had more than 200 such languages -- as different from each other as English is from French. Today, more than 100 are extinct and many of the rest are under threat.Professor Blake describes the sounds, spelling and location of the different languages, and dispels many popular myths.australian languages. | aboriginal australians -- languages. | language - linguistics - phonology and phonetics | language - kriol | language - sociolinguistics - secret and special languages | language - vocabulary - human classification | language - vocabulary - word lists -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Bunce, Daniel et al, Australasiatic reminiscences of twenty-three years' wanderings in Tasmania and the Australias, 2000
This book is a reprint of the original journal entries of Daniel Bunce prior to 1857. A journal style record of travel within Tasmania and Australia for a period of 23 years beginning in March 1833. Arriving in Port Phillip in October 1839 early observations of the colony are most interesting. Chap.4; incidents in relation to the Aborigines at Hobart town; Chap.8; Tasmania - womens life, body decoration, clothing and scarification; Chap.9; Native chiefs with Buckley, the Wild white man; Chap.11; Journey to Westernport with natives (Derrimut, Benbow and Yammabook), foods - kangaroo and native porcupine; duties of women; Chap.12; Leichhardts journey, native names of flowers, fruits, etc. (Condamine River area); foods, treacherous natives near Fitzroy DownsThis book is a reprint of the original journal entries of Daniel Bunce prior to 1857. A journal style record of travel within Tasmania and Australia for a period of 23 years beginning in March 1833. Arriving in Port Phillip in October 1839 early observations of the colony are most interesting. Chap.4; incidents in relation to the Aborigines at Hobart town; Chap.8; Tasmania - womens life, body decoration, clothing and scarification; Chap.9; Native chiefs with Buckley, the Wild white man; Chap.11; Journey to Westernport with natives (Derrimut, Benbow and Yammabook), foods - kangaroo and native porcupine; duties of women; Chap.12; Leichhardts journey, native names of flowers, fruits, etc. (Condamine River area); foods, treacherous natives near Fitzroy Downsleichhardt, ludwig, 1813-1848. | leichhardt expedition, (1846-1847) | botany -- queensland. | botany -- tasmania. | queensland -- discovery and exploration. | tasmania -- description and travel -- to 1850. | victoria -- description and travel -- to 1850. | body - decoration. | body - scarification. | settlement and contacts - colonisation - 1788-1850. | costume and clothing. | food - meat - echidna. | settlement and contacts - explorers. | food. | hunting. | gathering - honey. | food - meat - kangaroo / wallaby. | language - vocabulary. -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Broome, Richard, Arriving, 1984
Tells the story of immigrants, from settlement at Port Phillip to date. It also describes the interaction with the Aboriginal people who were already here it spans 50,00 years. First chapter of each volume is an overview of traditional life at the time of contact concentrating on Aboriginal economic life altering/?managing of environment, with discussions of original population estimates and extent of decimation due to; disease in colonial times - smallpox, V.D., Aboriginal and white attitudes, friendships/?violent conflict, continued depopulation, missions/?reserves - 19th/?20th cent. incldg Lake Tyers, contemporary Aboriginal identity, welfare/?land rights programs.v-xiv; 258 P.; : ill. (some col.). ; maps; figs.; notes; index; 26 cm.Tells the story of immigrants, from settlement at Port Phillip to date. It also describes the interaction with the Aboriginal people who were already here it spans 50,00 years. First chapter of each volume is an overview of traditional life at the time of contact concentrating on Aboriginal economic life altering/?managing of environment, with discussions of original population estimates and extent of decimation due to; disease in colonial times - smallpox, V.D., Aboriginal and white attitudes, friendships/?violent conflict, continued depopulation, missions/?reserves - 19th/?20th cent. incldg Lake Tyers, contemporary Aboriginal identity, welfare/?land rights programs.social identity - aboriginality. | religions - christianity - missions. | settlement and contacts - colonisation - 1788-1850. | daily life. | demography - population dynamics. | government policy - integration. | government policy - state and territory - victoria. | health - infectious diseases - smallpox. | land rights. | socioeconomic conditions - living conditions. | race relations - violent - massacres, murders, poisonings etc. - to 1900. | race relations - racism - stereotyping. | reproduction. | technology. | bung yarnda /? lake tyers (e vic gippsland sj55-07) victoria. | victoria -- history. -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Journal - Serials, Department of Pacific and Southeast Asian History, Australian National University, Aboriginal History - Volume 02. 1-2 1978, 1978
A series of articles and reviews on Aboriginal History by leading historians.188 P.; ports.; bib.; footnotes; tables; 25 cm.A series of articles and reviews on Aboriginal History by leading historians.aboriginal australians -- periodicals. | ethnology -- australia -- periodicals. | dutton, george (1886-1968) | government policy - self determination - 1972-1984 | race relations - violent - massacres, murders, poisonings etc. - to 1900 | settlement and contacts - colonisation - 1788-1850 | religions - christianity - missionaries | religions - christianity - missions -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Brown, P. L, Memoirs recorded at Geelong, Victoria, Australia by Captain Foster Fyans : transcribed from his holograph manuscript given by descendants to the State Library Melbourne, 1962, 1986
287 p. : ill., maps, port. ; 26 cm.fyans, foster, 1790-1870. | australia -- history -- 1788-1851. | norfolk island -- history. -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Robertson, Craig, Buckley's Hope : the real life story of Australia's Robinson Crusoe, 1981
Blurb: On Boxing Day 1803 a young English convict named William Buckley escaped from Victoria's abortive first settlement, at Sorrento.For the next thirty-two years Buckley survived in the wild, mainly because he was adopted and helped by the local tribes.In 1835 Buckley rejoined the civilization he had cast aside, emerging to meet Melbourne's founders. He became an important guide and interpreter in the crucial first years of the European conquest of the Port Phillip region.Then, as the Aborigines were engulfed by the flood of white men, Buckley found himself in no-man's land, mistrusted by his former black friends and by the white society who so misunderstood them. He was reviled, so harshly that his reputation has suffered to this day.This is William Buckley's story. It is a story based on fact, about a real Robinson Crusoe who was unique in Australia's history.And it is also a story of European intruders imposing their savage will on an alien, ancient continent. Rarely has Australian history come more alive than in the pages of this remarkable first novel. Buckley's life with the Aboriginal people of Port Phillip between 1803 and 1835; subsequent life in white community ; includes glossary of Aboriginal words (p. 271-280).288 p. : 3 maps ; 22 cm.Blurb: On Boxing Day 1803 a young English convict named William Buckley escaped from Victoria's abortive first settlement, at Sorrento.For the next thirty-two years Buckley survived in the wild, mainly because he was adopted and helped by the local tribes.In 1835 Buckley rejoined the civilization he had cast aside, emerging to meet Melbourne's founders. He became an important guide and interpreter in the crucial first years of the European conquest of the Port Phillip region.Then, as the Aborigines were engulfed by the flood of white men, Buckley found himself in no-man's land, mistrusted by his former black friends and by the white society who so misunderstood them. He was reviled, so harshly that his reputation has suffered to this day.This is William Buckley's story. It is a story based on fact, about a real Robinson Crusoe who was unique in Australia's history.And it is also a story of European intruders imposing their savage will on an alien, ancient continent. Rarely has Australian history come more alive than in the pages of this remarkable first novel. Buckley's life with the Aboriginal people of Port Phillip between 1803 and 1835; subsequent life in white community ; includes glossary of Aboriginal words (p. 271-280).buckley, william, 1780-1856 -- fiction. | novels in english. australian writers, 1945-. texts | convicts -- australia -- history -- fiction. | history - biographies - non-indigenous | settlement and contacts - penal colonies / convicts | settlement and contacts - colonisation - 1788-1850 | race relations - attitudes | language - vocabulary - word lists | kurnai / gunai people (s68) (vic sj55) | port phillip / western port area (vic sj55) -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Broughton, Alan, The Mills Brothers of Port Fairy, 1980
Contents: Acknowledgements; Introduction; Maps; Brabyn and Lucas; Tasmania: Settlement and Sealing; The Wilds of Bass Strait; Whaling; Ships in Port Fairy Harbour.45 p. : ill., maps ; bibliography; 23 cm.Contents: Acknowledgements; Introduction; Maps; Brabyn and Lucas; Tasmania: Settlement and Sealing; The Wilds of Bass Strait; Whaling; Ships in Port Fairy Harbour.mills family. | mills family, 1788-1870. victoria | victoria -- genealogy. -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Public Record Office of Victoria, Victorian Aborigines 1835-1901 : a resource guide to the holdings of the Public Record Office, Victoria / prepared by the Public Record Office of Victoria, 1984
Includes a brief history of the Board for the Protection of Aborigines (and its forerunners) and extracts from the papers of M. Sievewright, C.W. Sievewright (on a murder case), W. Thomas (on stone houses), W.A.P. Dana (on native police), E.S. Parker; (biography of Merringoondeet), P. Sohier (on phrenology); Coranderrk revolt; Lake Tyers; Ramahyuck64 p. : ill ; facsims, ports. ; 21 cm.Includes a brief history of the Board for the Protection of Aborigines (and its forerunners) and extracts from the papers of M. Sievewright, C.W. Sievewright (on a murder case), W. Thomas (on stone houses), W.A.P. Dana (on native police), E.S. Parker; (biography of Merringoondeet), P. Sohier (on phrenology); Coranderrk revolt; Lake Tyers; Ramahyuckphrenology. | public records -- victoria. | psychology - cognition - intelligence. | settlement and contacts - colonisation - 1788-1850. | settlement and contacts - colonisation - 1851- crime - against persons. | education. | government policy - initial period and protectionism - 1788-1850. | government policy - initial period and protectionism - 1851-1900. | government policy - state and territory - victoria. | settlement and contacts - government settlements, reserves. | law enforcement - police - native police. -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Book, Blake, L. J, Captain Dana and the Native Police, 1982
Captain Dana and his work with the establishment of a Native Police force in the Port Phillip colony. Establishment of Corps in Victoria, mid-nineteenth century, with brief biographical notes of Aboriginal recruits and portraits64 p. : ill., ports. ; 22 cm.Captain Dana and his work with the establishment of a Native Police force in the Port Phillip colony. Establishment of Corps in Victoria, mid-nineteenth century, with brief biographical notes of Aboriginal recruits and portraitsdana, henry. | police. australian aboriginal personnel. employment. victoria, 1842-1853. | police -- victoria -- history. | aboriginal australian police. | settlement and contacts - colonisation - 1788-1850. | settlement and contacts - colonisation - 1851- | government policy - initial period and protectionism - 1788-1850. | government policy - initial period and protectionism - 1851-1900. | government policy - state and territory - victoria. | law enforcement - police - native police. | race relations - violent - massacres, murders, poisonings etc. - to 1900. | police -- australia -- victoria -- history. -
Koorie Heritage Trust
Journal - Serials, Department of Pacific and Southeast Asian History, Australian National University, Aboriginal History - Volume 22. 1998, 1998
A series of articles by leading writers on Aboriginal History.iiv-vii; 300 P.; footnotes; refs.; plates; maps; 25 cm.A series of articles by leading writers on Aboriginal History.aboriginal australians -- periodicals. | ethnology -- australia -- periodicals. | race relations - representation - advertising | history - biographies - indigenous | government policy - initial period and protectionism - 1788-1850 | government policy - initial period and protectionism - 1851-1900 | employment - discrimination | employment - conditions - slavery and indentured labour | employment | settlement and contacts - explorers - european | government policy - state and territory - queensland | mathew, john (1849ð1929) |