Handwritten notes and carbon copy titled Question 5. Notes refer to Victoria Hill being opened up by Theodore Ballerstedt and his son early in 1854. Theodore Ballerstedt left for Germany having sold his home, crushing battery and mine to Mr. Geo Lansell. He called the mine the '180'. Next mine north to the '180' was the Victoria Quartz. Also contains notes on machinery, geological formations and earning from the mines.document, gold, victoria hill, victoria hill, question 5 on victoria hill, theodore ballerstedt, mr geo lansell, fortuna villa, commonwealth survey regiment, the 180, ballerstedt's original open cut, bendigo south rotary club, john wybrandt, north old chum coy, victoria quartz, victoria reef quartz company, mr william rae, a roberts & sons united ironworks, australian mining standard special edition 1899, bendigo advertiser 10/2/1897, a harkness & coy, bendigo advertiser 30/6/1910 page 5, rae's open cut, e j dunn, bendigo saddle reefs, wittscheibe's 'jeweller's shop', roberts & frost, ashley noy & coy, grant & co, woodward & son, couth allen and co, taylor gould and co, crawshaw & co, roberts & co

From the library of John Pascoe Fawkner considered together with John Batman as a founder of Melbourne and one of the first group of free settlers to arrive in Victoria 1835. J.J.Walsh who inscribed this copy married Fawkner's widow following the death of Fawkner.A folio edition in half morocco ruled in gilt over marbled paper boards with 74 engraved plates.Inscribed on main title page J J Walsh 15 Temple Court and further Inscribed and dated 'John Pascoe Fawkner, Feby 1855 Bohn' on title page and again on the verso of the last plate.john pascoe fawkner, london, melbourne

John Preece No 765 enlisted in the AIF on 7.9.1914 in F Coy 12th Batt age 26 years 7 months. Embarked for Eygpt 20.10.1914, embarked for Gallipoli 2.3.1915. Embarked for France 2.4.1916, hospital 4.7.1916 with Fracture of the right hand accident, hospital 9.6.1918 with Influenza, discharged from the AIF 31.1.1919. Enlisted WW11 as No S393 on 12.8.1940, hospital 10.7.1941 with Gastro Enteritis, 23.4.1942 injury to right knee, 27.12.1942 with Pluerisy, 28.5.1943 with Nueritis, discharged from the Army medically unfit 6.9.1943. At the time he was a Sgt in 4 Garrison Batt. A Miner, Alexander John Sundin No 7914 enlisted on 24.7.1917 in 3rd Aust Tunneling Coy age 44 years 8 months. Embarked 21.11.1917, Gassed 10.9.1918, discharged medically unfit 30.1.1919.1.) Medal set, court mounted, set of (5) re J Preece. 1. 1914-15 Star. 2. War Medal 1914-18 3. Victory Medal 1914 - 1919 4. War Medal 1939-45. 5. Australian Service Medal. .2) medal set, court mounted, set of (2) re A.J.Sundin. 1. War Medal 1914-19. 2. Victory Medal..1) "765 DVR J Preece 12 BN AIF. - "S393 J Preece" .2) "7914 SPR A.J.Sundin 3 Tun Coy A.I.F"medals, military, history

Ten typed pages of notes and photocopied photos. Notes include Introduction which describes the journey between Bendigo and Eaglehawk. Notes also mention the Signposts at the Victoria Hill with their explanation. Dated 30/8/1971. The four photocopied photos are: (1) Victoria Hill - From Rae's Open Cut with the Central Nell Gwynne Popper Legs and the Victoria Hill Victoria Quartz Mullock in the background. (2) Looking North from Old Chum Hill to the Victoria Hill. (3) Victoria Quartz on Victoria Hill, Ironbark. (4) Rae's 35 Hd. Crushing Battery. Victoria Hill in background, Wm. Rae's early home top right.document, gold, victoria hill, the rich victoria hill and its historical associations, j n macartney, quartz miners' arms hotel, ironbark methodist church, john brown knitwear factory, little 180 mine, conrad heinz, british and american hotel, victoria reef gold mining company, manchester arms hotel, victoria hill from rae's open cut, ironbark (victoria reef gold mines), hercules and energetic, midway, wittscheibe, great central victoria, william rae, william rae junior, mr and mrs conroy, central nell gwynne, moorhead's shop, gill family, gold mines hotel, looking north from old chum hill to the victoria hill, new chum and victoria, old chum, pioneer, burrowes & sterry, rotary club of bendigo south, big 180, north old chum mine, ballerstedt's forst open cut, lansells big 180, george lansell, new chum syncline, lansell's 'cleopatra needle' type chimney, 222 mine, sandhurst or 'needle mine', victoria quartz mine, victoria reef quartz company, victoria quartz company, a roberts & sons, e j dunn, h harkness & sons, new chum drainage scheme, eureka extended, new chum railway, pearl, bendigo advertiser june 16 1910, rae's open cut, quartz roasting, anticlinal arch, prospecting tunnels, floyd's small 5 head crushing battery, great central victoria (midway), midway no2, midway north, ballerstedt's small 24 yard claim, the humboldt, wittscheibe, adventure, advance, luffsman & sterry, rae's 35 head crushing battery, a richardson, the bendigo goldfield 1851 to 1954, the victoria hill 1854 to 1949, australian mining standard special edition 1/6/1899, bendigo mines ltd, mines dept, bendigo advertiser, annals of bendigo, dickers mining record 23/11/1861, bendigo goldfields registry 1871, bendigo and vicinity 1895, mr rae anderson, w n macartney 1st edition 1871

Folded card titled The Local Heroes. It has gold printing above a yellow and brown painted area. City of Greater Bendigo printed in the white part at the top. Card contains an invitation to the Official Book Launch & Photographic Portrait Exhibition by the Minister for Education - Hon Martin Dixon MP and the Mayor of the City of Greater Bendigo - Cr Lisa Ruffell on 3 August 2013. Program is printed above the invitation. On the back are portraits of Dennis O'Hoy, Diana Williams, Gordon McKern, Laura Dusseljee, Jim Evans, Linda Beilharz, Rod Fyffe, Sharelle McMahon, Russel Jack, Pat Connolly, John Wolseley, Geoff Curnow Merna Curnow, Rob Hunt, Valerie Broad, Wes Vine, Dick Hazeldine, Julie Millowick, Don Erskine, Ken Marchingo, Paul Chapman, Sue Clarke, Jhoanne Baker, Richard Guy, Jack Kelly, Lola Miller, Jack Taylor, Barry Ackerman, Lynn Warren, Ray wild, Beth McKerlie, Leon Scott, Jenny Dawson, Ian Dyett, Karen Quinlan, Jonathan Ridnell, Margot Spalding, Ian Mansbridge, Margaret O'Rourke, Rob Cook and Wendy Stavrianos.business, auctioneers, j h curnow & son pty ltd, ian dyett collection - the local heroes invitation, city of greater bendigo, city of greater bendigo project steering committee, hon martin dixon mp, cr lisa ruffell, the capital, dudley house, dennis o'hoy, diana williams, gordon mckern, laura dusseljee, jim evans, linda beilharz, rod fyffe, sharelle mcmahon, russel jack, pat connolly, john wolseley, geoff curnow merna curnow, rob hunt, valerie broad, wes vine, dick hazeldine, julie millowick, don erskine, ken marchingo, paul chapman, sue clarke, jhoanne baker, richard guy, jack kelly, lola miller, jack taylor, barry ackerman, lynn warren, ray wild, beth mckerlie, leon scott, jenny dawson, ian dyett, karen quinlan, jonathan ridnell, margot spalding, ian mansbridge, margaret o'rourke, rob cook, wendy stavrianos

.1) Sent by M J TAYLOR to his sister Avril. .2) Issued to Mrs Ida TAYLOR, who lost her son, M J TAYLOR in WW11. A star was added for each son who lost their life in the war. Malcolm John Taylor 418772 RAAF. Refer Reg No's 112P, 113, 114.2. .1) Badge, RAAF, melted into blue perspex. Oval shaped. Type of trench art Souvenier. .2) Badge, Mothers and Widows. Metal circular shape with a bar supporting 1 star & suspended by 2 small chains..2) On front: For Australia Issued by the Commonwealyh Governmentbrooches, badges commemorative

Medallion awarded to John Stanley HOWLETT by Carisbrook Shire Council in recognition of service WWI. Refer 41 medals, 44.2 ID tags, 48.4P photos.Medallion brass. Boomerang over shield, kangaroo & emu, on each side. Centre is an image of a soldier carrying a rifle. On boomerang: “Duty Nobly Done” Rear: “The Great War” “Presented to Pte J S Howlett by the people of Carrisbrook & District 3.7.19”numismatics, badges, civic mementoes, presentations, military service

Image of LCH vessel Balikpapan in transit to Vietnam during the conflict. Ordered in 1969, Balikpapan entered service with the Australian Army Water Transport Squadron in late 1971. Image donated by J D Giste, who was a cook on the HMAS Sydney in 1965.A coloured photo of a heavy landing craft (LCH) vessel marked L126 at sea, set against a yellow sky.john dennis giste, r62365, balikpapan, vietnam, navy

Coloured certificate presented by the Mayor, Councillors and Citizens of the City of Port Melbourne to ex-service personnel who volunteered for the Australian Imperial Forces in World War 2. At the top is the Australian Commonwealth Military Forces badge inside the Australian & Victorian flags. At the bottom of the certificate is a coloured drawing of the Port Melbourne Town Hall with guns, battleships and planes on the sides. This certificate was presented to Leo John McLAUGHLIN on 24 November 1946. "L J McLoughlin" handwritten in the space provided and signed by the Mayor, J W Woodruff, Councillor, J Bertie and Town Clerk, S S Anderson.war - world war ii, local government - city of port melbourne, australian commonwealth military forces, leo john mclaughlin, joseph bertie, sydney sims anderson, john william (jack) woodruff

Original owner - DOUGLAS John Charles Edward (Major), 10th Battalion, Yorkshire Regiment. Died 18th December 1915, Flanders.Rectangular shaped handkerchief, khaki colour, made of silk with hand embroidered name.Hand embroidered in white thread, top left hand corner "J. C. Douglas".clothing, handkerchief, ww1

The Long Gully Fire Brigade was ready for action in October 1873. The operated from a depot near the Wesleyan school room and members had been supplied with uniforms. On the 3rd of October the brigade, led by Captain Phillpot, marched into the city to take possession of a fire engine supplied by Council.Copy of a newspaper article titled A gift for fire station. The photo shows Joyce Green with the photographic portrait of her father's Brigade. There is a picture of Capt. J. Waterson with a plaque under it with Presented to Capt J. Waterson by the officers and members of the Long Gully Fire Briagde. Next part unreadable. Date at the end Nov. 1915 or 18. Other brigade members surround Capt Waterson and the plaque. Some names are: H J Cock, O Wilson, ? E J Jewell, G? H Coles, E Harris, ? Mitchell and W R James. Article is mounted on yellow card which is mounted on purple card and laminated.bendigo, history, long gully history group, the long gully history group - long gully fire brigade, joyce green, captain john westerson, bendigo fire station, alan ellis, sandhurst town, h j cock, o wilson, ? e j jewell, g? h coles, e harris, ? mitchell and w r james

The certificate and tie clips were in the possession of Dr John Mainland. Mainland graduated from the University of Melbourne in 1950 with a Bachelor of Science degree. After researching and completing his medical degree, Mainland entered into the field of anaesthetics, training at the Royal Women's and Royal Children's Hospitals, later Alfred Hospital, in 1959. He completed training in 1964 and remained at the Alfred Hospital. During his career, he also became the first anaesthetist appointed to the position of Professor in Victoria. His other achievements include manufacturing a respiratory monitoring module that accompanied astronauts on the United States moon landing and developing a stimulator to lessen the risk of deep vein thrombosis in surgical patients. Mainland became a Fellow of the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists in 1992, retiring from the profession in 1997.The certificate rests beneath a thin layer of glass kept in a light wooden frame. The certificate is cream in colour with dark brown writing. In the middle is an illustration of Box Hill and District Hospital building. At the bottom of the certificate is the signature of the President and Secretory. On the back of the frame there are two metal loops connected by a thin piece of metal wire. Hanging on this wire are two clips from the Alfred Hospital. The face of the clips is consists of the Alfred Hospital emblem in red and gold surrounded by a border of blue with the name of the hospital inscribed. Masking tape runs the border of the frame.Printed in black ink on back of frame: marlow Galleries / 968 Whitehorse Rd, Box Hill / Ph: 89 2062, 1st floor •Inscribed on face of clips: Alfred Hospital Melbourne For Service •Printed in brown ink on the certificate: Box Hill and District / Hospital / This is to Certify that / Professor J. F. Mainland / was appointed a / Life Governor / on the 23rd day of July 1980 / President Secretary •Signed in blue ink by the President and Secretarycertificate, box hill and district hospital, life governor, mainland, john, alfred hospital

Regn No. 6225 Pte Archibald John Nelson Brown, 6th Batt 1st AIF.Certificate of Discharge. 6225 Private Archibald John Nelson Brown. 6th Battn, Medically unfit, 1337 day service, Service abroad 1150 days.passchendaele barracks trust, discharge certificate, a. j. n. brown, 6th battalion

Photograph of soldiers taken circa 11 October 1914 All enlisted on the 17th of August, 1914 at Wangaratta unless stated otherwise, assigned to the 7th Battalion C Company and identified as follows:- Colour Sergeant William Baker 290 - Prior to enlistment at Essendon was serving with the 58th Battalion. He embarked Australia on the 21/10/14. Brothers Charles POWLEY 347 and John Hall POWLEY 348 from Boweya - Embarked 19/10/14 on HMAT Hororata. Charles aged 21 years KIA 25/4/15 at Gallipoli and John returned to Australia on 31/10/15. Charles attended Wangaratta High School. John Crocker 346 was born at Clunes and enlisted at Broadmeadows. He was 36 years old, a butcher by trade and served with the 2nd Scottish Horse in the Boer War. His mother was listed as next of kin residing in Bracknell Tasmania He was wounded at Gallipoli and discharged on 19/1/1917 Nelson Albert Hardy 363 Born in England and a butcher by trade .KIA 23/8/1915 at Gallipoli aged 22 Edward Fahey 364 Ovens Street Wangaratta, Aged 29 years, a Painter by trade. He returned to Australia in December 1915 and appointed a Recruiting Sergeant. He resigned from this position on 8/5/1916, went AWOL and on 21/7/1920 discharged due to desertion. Joseph Cowham 360 enlisted at Broadmeadows on 19/8/1914. Thomas Peter Williams 404 - Aged 24 and a Blacksmith. He received a gunshot wound to the wrist on 26/5/1915 and returned to Australia. Joseph Nathaniel O'Brien 376 or John William O'Brien 365 both of Rowan Street Wangaratta Handwritten on rear “Wangaratta Boys C Company 7th Battalion October 11th 1914 From Private John Crocker 346”Sepia photograph of 11 men six standing and five kneeling dressed in military uniform wearing forage cap with row of pine trees in background. Photograph is mounted on brown cardboard with handwriting across top border.Rear - Wangaratta Boys C Company 7th Battalion October 11th 1914 From Private John Crocker 346 Front - list of names handwritten in ink J Powly, Col Serg Baker? Corp Naldress?, Private Couham?, C Powly, L Williams N Hardy J Crocker, E Lahy?, J?? K Jarrot? wangaratta, c company, joseph cowham 360, nelson hardy 363, john crocker 346, charles powley 347, john powley 348, hororata, gallipoli, edward fahey 364, thomas peter williams 404, william baker 290, joseph nathaniel o'brien 376, john william o'brien 365, ww1, 7th battalion

John BROWNLESS MM, No 6317, 4th FAB AIF. Refer cat No 21 for his service details.Appreciation certificate coloured, rectangular framed, wooden frame with moulding, glass front & olive green mount.Presented to Bombadier J BROWNLESS from the Shire of Poowong & Jeetho. 1914 - 1919 The Great War. Honour to the Brave. Freedom Justice.documents-certificates, shires, ww2

Lawrence Francis John HAYES No VX37555 enlisted in the 2nd AIF on 23.7.1940. At discharge from the AIF on 23.10.1945 he was a Pte in 9th Australian Div Cav Regt.Wooden frame, glass front, cardboard backing, dark green boarder around coloured certificate. Appreciation Certificate, The Call to Arms, from Shire of Korong to Lawrence F J Hayes. Signed by Shire President & Shire Secretary. On rear: Bethany Gallery, 116 Bridge St, Bgo.documents - certificate, frames, shires ww2

One page letter from Charles I. Du Ve, Court House, Rosedale dated 11th October 1888, to Mr. J. Barry, Senior Constable, Sandhurst, congratulating Snr. Cons. Barry on the excellent content in the book he produced 'Victorian Police Guide'. Extract from letter: 'a work which should be of great value and use in the Police Force of the Colony'person, bendigo, john barry

Ruben John TYRER No V150812. Refer 1813.5 for his service history.Illustrated certificate with coloured illustration of servicemen & women, black print, British & Australian flags. City crest.“The Citizens of Bendigo express deep thankfulness To R J TYRER” Right lower corner: Red seal of Bendigodocuments- certificates, civic mementoes - presentations, bendigo, tyrer

A colour photograph depicting Morton House in Launceston, Tasmania. The photograph is set on a wide blue mounting board in a plain single-strip wooden frame. Affixed to the front bottom right hand corner is the oblong blue label of the National Trust of Australia (Tasmania) with printed heritage details of the house. On the back of the frame is the hand-written message from Dr Bath, information about the house, a reproduction of the brass plaque with historic details, and the framer's label.Handwritten on reverse. "Photo taken v presented by Stewart Bath S. 692" Handwritten on reverse. ""Morton House" / 190 Charles St / Launceston / Was St Johns Hospital 1844–1851" Reproduction of brass plaque on reverse. "ERECTED BY THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF TASMANIA TO COMMEMORATE THE FIRST USE IN AUSTRALIA OF ANAESTHETICS BY DR. W. R. PUGH IN ST. JOHN'S HOSPITAL ON THIS SITE 7TH JUNE, 1847. / UNVEILED BY THE MINISTER FOR HEALTH (HON. A. J. WHITE M. H. A), 7TH JULY 1947." Framer's label on reverse. "FRAMED BY WHITELAWS GALLERIES / The Picture Framing Specialists / 49A BRISBNE STREET LAUNCESTON 7250"photograph, morton house, historical building, historical house, house

Seems to be a non- collapsible mask. Otherwise is a similar, thinner variety of Murray's mask, which was used for the administration of choloroform. John Murray was born in England, 1843 and described his wire mask in 1868 as a young chloroformist at Middlesex Hospital. It was wedge-shaped and made of thick wire and designed to be folded. The removable cover was originally made of several layers of flannel. Murray’s mask became very popular, especially in Australia, and was generally used with a single layer of flannel without an aperture or opening, as is this example. John Murray was an enthusiastic and innovative physician who also had an interest in nitrous oxide anaesthesia and conducted a series of experiments with J. Burdon Sanderson on dental patients comparing nitrous oxide to pure nitrogen. His career was short-lived and he died just before his 30th birthday. (Ball, C 1995, 'Cover Note: Murray's Chloroform Mask', Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Vol. 23, No. 2, pg. 135)Triangular shaped wire mask covered by flannel. The flannel is sewn over frame and stitched around the base and along the vertical wire. The style and shape is similar to Murray's mask, which was used for the administration of chloroform, however this variation is not collapsible like Murray's mask.dr [e.s] holloway, mask, dr j. murray, chloroform

This photograph was one of ten photographs donated to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village by Fred Trewartha. Frederick John Fox Trewartha (Fred) was a well-known Warrnambool businessman. He was born in Beeac near Geelong in 1920 and came to Warrnambool with his family as a very young child. He was apprenticed to his father John, as a saddler and later opened his own shop on Raglan Parade. He then moved into working with tarpaulins and canvases for the trucking industry. Fred was keenly interested in photography (and was a member of the Warrnambool Cine Club), yachting and boat building. He kept his yacht moored at Port Fairy for many years and participated in sailing events locally and interstate. He also built boats with his sons. He had the opportunity to meet many older sailors and it's thought this photo (and others in the set) may have been given to him by one of these men. Fred Trewartha died in 2016 in Warrnambool. The two identifiable ships in this picture are the "Speculant" and the "S. S. Flinders" - both coastal trading vessels that regularly came and went from Warrnambool. The third steamer on the left hasn't been identified The barquentine SPECULANT was a steel, three-masted sailing ship built in 1895 in Inverkeithing, Scotland, registered in Warrnambool, Victoria and wrecked at Cape Paton, Victoria, 10th February 1911. The SPECULANT had been involved in the timber trade between the United Kingdom and Russia, until sold to its Warrnambool owners and timber merchants Messrs. P.J. McGennan & Co. (Peter John McGennan) in 1902 for 3000 pounds and had her sailed to Warrnambool as her new port. Peter John McGennan was born in 1844 and worked as a builder and cooper in Holyhead, Anglesea, Wales. He immigrated to Australia in 1869 as a free settler and arrived in Warrnambool in 1871 and undertook management of a property in Grassmere for Mr. Palmer. Peter met his wife Emily in South Melbourne and they married in 1873. They had ten children including Harry who lived to 1965, and Andrew who lived until 1958. (The other children were their four brothers - John who was killed in the Dardenalles aged 35, Frederick who died aged 8, Peter who died aged 28, Frank who died aged 5 weeks - and four sisters - Beatrice who died age 89, Edith who died aged 49, Blanche who died aged 89 and Eveline who died aged 48.) In 1874 Peter starting a boating establishment on the Hopkins River. In 1875 he opened up a Coopers business in Kepler Street next to what was Bateman, Smith and Co., moving to Liebig Street, next to the Victoria Hotel, in 1877. In 1882 he then moved to Lava Street (which in later years was the site of Chandlers Hardware Store). He was associated with the establishment of the Butter Factory at Allansford. He started making Butter Boxes to his own design and cheese batts for the Butter Factory. In 1896 established a Box Factory in Davis Street Merrivale, employing 24 people at its peak, (it was burnt down in 1923); and in Pertobe Road from 1912 (now the Army Barracks building). Peter was a Borough Councillor for Albert Ward from 1885 to 1891, he commenced the Foreshore Trust (including the camping grounds along Pertobe Road), and he was an inaugural Director of the Woollen Mill in Harris Street, buying an extensive share-holding in 1908 from the share trader Edward Vidler. They lobbied the Town Hall to have a formal ‘Cutting’ for the waters of the Merri River to be redirected from its natural opening south of Dennington, to its existing opening near Viaduct Road, in order to have the scourings from the wool at the Woollen Mill discharged into the sea. He sold Butter Boxes around the state, and had to ship them to Melbourne by rail. Peter’s purchase of the SPECULANT in 1902 enabled him to back-load white pine from Kaipara, New Zealand to Warrnambool to make his butter boxes then, to gain profitability, buy and ship potatoes and other primary produce bound to Melbourne. (McGennan & Co. had also owned the LA BELLA, which had traded in timber as well, until she was tragically wrecked with the loss of seven lives, after missing the entrance channel to Warrnambool harbour in 1905. It appears that the SPECULANT was bought to replace the LA BELLA.) In 1911 the SPECULANT had been attempting to depart Warrnambool for almost the entire month of January to undergo docking and overhaul in Melbourne. A month of east and south-easterly winds had forced her to remain sheltered in Lady Bay, Warrnambool apart from one morning of northerlies, when an attempt was made to round Cape Otway; she had to return to shelter in Portland after failing to make any headway. With only 140 tons of sand ballast aboard, the ship would not have been easy to handle. Captain Jacobsen and his crew of nine, mainly Swedes, decided to make for Melbourne, leaving Portland Harbour on 5th February 1911. By the 9th they had reached Cape Otway, where they encountered a moonless night, constant heavy rain, and a heavy sea with a south-easterly wind blowing. After safely rounding Cape Otway the course was changed to east, then north-east to take the vessel to a point six miles off Cape Patton, following the orders of Captain Jacobsen, who told the crew to be very careful with the steering, as the wind and sea was running to leeward. The patent log (used to measure speed) had been out of order for the last four months as no-one in Warrnambool was able to fix it: it was intended to have it repaired in Melbourne. In the meantime the crew measured the vessel's speed by looking over the side and estimating wind strength. This compounded the difficulties of imprecise positioning, as the strong cross wind and sea were acting on the lightly laden vessel to steadily drive it towards the shore. At 3.30am on Friday 10 February 1911 Captain Jacobsen and the first mate were looking over the side of the vessel when they heard the sound of breakers and suddenly struck the rocks. The crew immediately knew they had no chance of getting the SPECULANT off, and attempted to rescue themselves by launching the lifeboat, which was instantly smashed to pieces. One of the crew then volunteered to take a line ashore, and the rest of the crew were all able to drag themselves to shore, some suffering hand lacerations from the rocks. Once ashore they began to walk along the coast towards Lorne, believing it was the nearest settlement. Realising their mistake as dawn broke they returned westwards to Cape Patton, and found a farm belonging to Mr C. Ramsden, who took them in and gave them a change of clothes and food. After resting for a day and returning to the wreck to salvage some of their personal possessions, at 10am on Saturday they set out for Apollo Bay, a voyage that took six hours, sometimes wading through flooded creeks up to their necks. The Age described the wreck as "listed to starboard. All the cabin is gutted and the ballast gone. There is a big rock right through the bottom of her, and there is not the slightest hope of getting her off". A Board of Marine inquiry found that Captain Jacobson was guilty of careless navigation by not taking steps to accurately verify the position of the vessel with respect to Cape Otway when the light was visible and by not setting a safe and proper course with respect to the wind and sea. It suspended his certificate for 6 months and ordered him to pay costs. The location of the wreck site was marked for a long time by two anchors on the shoreline, until in 1970 the larger of the two anchors was recovered by the Underwater Explorers' Club and mounted on the foreshore at Apollo Bay. The bell from the wreck was also donated to the Apollo Bay Surf Lifesaving Club but is recorded to have been stolen. Rusting remains of the wreck can still be found on the shoreline on the southern side of, and directly below Cape Patton. Parts of the SPECULANT site have been buried by rubble from construction and maintenance works to the Great Ocean Road, as well as by naturally occurring landslides. Peter J McGennan passed away in 1920. The Gates in the western wall of the Anglican Church in Henna Street/Koroit St are dedicated to him for his time of community work, which is matched with other prominent Warrnambool citizens; Fletcher Jones, John Younger, J.D.E (Tag) Walter, and Edward Vidler. After Peter J McGennan's death Harry, Andrew and Edith continued to operate the family business until July 11th 1923 when the company was wound up. (Andrew lived in Ryot Street Warrnambool, near Lava Street.) Harry McGennan (Peter and Emily’s son) owned the Criterion Hotel in Kepler Street Warrnambool (now demolished). His son Sid and wife Dot lived in 28 Howard Street (corner of Nelson Street) and Sid managed the Criterion until it was decided by the family to sell, and for he remained Manager for the new owners until he retired. Harry commenced the Foreshore Trust in Warrnambool around 1950. The McGennan Carpark in Pertobe Road is named after Harry and there are Memorial-Stone Gates in his memory. (The Gates were once the original entrance to the carpark but are now the exit.). The Patent Log (also called a Taffrail log) from the SPECULANT, mentioned above, and a number of photographs, are now part of the Collection at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village.. The S. S. Flinders was built by A. J. Inglis, Ltd, Pointhouse, Glasgow in 1878 for the "Tasmanian Steam Navigation Company', Hobart which merged with the "Union Steamship Company" of New Zealand and it was later sold to the firm "McIlwraith, McEacham and Company". It was built of iron and was 1000 tons and 227 feet, 1 inch long. It was described as "splendidly fitted up for the carriage of passengers and her cargo space was also very large". In the saloon about 130 passengers could be accommodated while the second class had sufficient room for one hundred passengers. In 1890, the S. S. Flinders would leave Melbourne on Mondays and Thursdays at 5 pm and reach Warrnambool the following morning at 8 am. On the return it would leave Warrnambool on Wednesdays and Saturdays at 5 pm and reach Melbourne the following morning. In 1896, the Weekly Times described the "steamer Flinders (otherwise known as "the Warrnambool mailboat") as "as good a sample of a seagoing steamer as there is trading on the Victorian Coast at the present time". In April 1896 newspaper reports noted the S. S. Flinders took 2915 bags of potatoes from Warrnambool to Melbourne (the largest shipment of that season) as well as 50 tons of tinned rabbits from the Hamilton Preserving Factory. It was also noted that particularly during the Christmas period, there were excessive demands for berths from holiday makers wanting to enjoy a holiday in Warrnambool. In May 1903, the S. S. Flinders narrowly escaped destruction when an explosion and subsequent fire occurred during the passage from Melbourne to Warrnambool. A drum (which apparently contained carbide of calcium) exploded and blew off a hatch cover. As the steamer got to within a mile or two of Warrnambool, smoke was seen coming out of the hold and (unknown to the passengers) flames had taken hold. The crew quickly got to work - closing down all the hatches and pumping water into the hold through a hole in the saloon floor. There were 30 or 40 cases of kerosene on board. The Flinders continued on to Warrnambool and berthed at the Breakwater. The passengers all went ashore - many unaware of the danger they had been in. A telephone message was sent to the local Fire Brigade Station however the fire was extinguished before the firemen and their equipment arrived. After the hold was checked, the Flinders was certified as seaworthy and left for Portland. The Flinders continued to transport Western District produce as well as passengers from Warrnambool to Melbourne until 1906 when (due to a decrease in shipping trade during the Winter and the availability of train services) the Flinders was replaced by the smaller steamer "Dawn" and in 1907 when it was sold to the "Adelaide Steamship Company" for use in the Western Australia coastal trade, it was replaced by the "S. S. Barrabool".This photograph is a significant record of two of the well known coastal traders (the "Speculant" and the "Flinders") that sailed along the south west coast of Victoria for many years - transporting goods and passengers between Melbourne and Warrnambool.Black and white photograph of the Breakwater in Warrnambool with two ships docked and another in the bay. On the front boat (the Speculant), men can be seen at the wheel, on the deck and on the bottom two booms where they appear to be furling the sails. The sails of the top booms are already furled. A small boy can be seen on the deck and a young girl, two women and a dog are on the Breakwater. There is a steam ship (the S. S. Flinders) tied up behind the "Speculant" and an unidentified steam ship (with smoke coming from its smokestack) in the bay. There is a blue and black handwritten label on the back of the photo - naming the ships and the owner of the photo.Speculant and Flinders / Passenger ship in / Lady Bay / name of donor and phone numberflagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, speculant, barque speculant, flinders, s. s. finders, steamship flinders, coastal trader, passenger ship, goods, steamer, breakwater, lady bay, warrnambool mailboat, p. j. mcgennan, peter john mcgennan, butter boxes, captain jacobsen, cape patton, tasmanian steam navigation company

This photograph was one of ten photographs donated to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village by Fred Trewartha. Frederick John Fox Trewartha (Fred) was a well-known Warrnambool businessman. He was born in Beeac near Geelong in 1920 and came to Warrnambool with his family as a very young child. He was apprenticed to his father John, as a saddler and later opened his own shop on Raglan Parade. He then moved into working with tarpaulins and canvases for the trucking industry. Fred was keenly interested in photography (and was a member of the Warrnambool Cine Club), yachting and boat building. He kept his yacht moored at Port Fairy for many years and participated in sailing events locally and interstate. He also built boats with his sons. He had the opportunity to meet many older sailors and it's thought this photo (and others in the set) may have been given to him by one of these men. Fred Trewartha died in 2016 in Warrnambool. The three identifiable ships in this picture are the "Speculant", the "S. S. Barrabool" and the "S. S. Flinders" - coastal trading vessels that regularly came and went from Warrnambool. The steamer on the left hasn't been identified. The barquentine SPECULANT was a steel, three-masted sailing ship built in 1895 in Inverkeithing, Scotland, registered in Warrnambool, Victoria and wrecked at Cape Paton, Victoria, 10th February 1911. The SPECULANT had been involved in the timber trade between the United Kingdom and Russia, until sold to its Warrnambool owners and timber merchants Messrs. P.J. McGennan & Co. (Peter John McGennan) in 1902 for 3000 pounds and had her sailed to Warrnambool as her new port. Peter John McGennan was born in 1844 and worked as a builder and cooper in Holyhead, Anglesea, Wales. He immigrated to Australia in 1869 as a free settler and arrived in Warrnambool in 1871 and undertook management of a property in Grassmere for Mr. Palmer. Peter met his wife Emily in South Melbourne and they married in 1873. They had ten children including Harry who lived to 1965, and Andrew who lived until 1958. (The other children were their four brothers - John who was killed in the Dardenalles aged 35, Frederick who died aged 8, Peter who died aged 28, Frank who died aged 5 weeks - and four sisters - Beatrice who died age 89, Edith who died aged 49, Blanche who died aged 89 and Eveline who died aged 48.) In 1874 Peter starting a boating establishment on the Hopkins River. In 1875 he opened up a Coopers business in Kepler Street next to what was Bateman, Smith and Co., moving to Liebig Street, next to the Victoria Hotel, in 1877. In 1882 he then moved to Lava Street (which in later years was the site of Chandlers Hardware Store). He was associated with the establishment of the Butter Factory at Allansford. He started making Butter Boxes to his own design and cheese batts for the Butter Factory. In 1896 established a Box Factory in Davis Street Merrivale, employing 24 people at its peak, (it was burnt down in 1923); and in Pertobe Road from 1912 (now the Army Barracks building). Peter was a Borough Councillor for Albert Ward from 1885 to 1891, he commenced the Foreshore Trust (including the camping grounds along Pertobe Road), and he was an inaugural Director of the Woollen Mill in Harris Street, buying an extensive share-holding in 1908 from the share trader Edward Vidler. They lobbied the Town Hall to have a formal ‘Cutting’ for the waters of the Merri River to be redirected from its natural opening south of Dennington, to its existing opening near Viaduct Road, in order to have the scourings from the wool at the Woollen Mill discharged into the sea. He sold Butter Boxes around the state, and had to ship them to Melbourne by rail. Peter’s purchase of the SPECULANT in 1902 enabled him to back-load white pine from Kaipara, New Zealand to Warrnambool to make his butter boxes then, to gain profitability, buy and ship potatoes and other primary produce bound to Melbourne. (McGennan & Co. had also owned the LA BELLA, which had traded in timber as well, until she was tragically wrecked with the loss of seven lives, after missing the entrance channel to Warrnambool harbour in 1905. It appears that the SPECULANT was bought to replace the LA BELLA.) In 1911 the SPECULANT had been attempting to depart Warrnambool for almost the entire month of January to undergo docking and overhaul in Melbourne. A month of east and south-easterly winds had forced her to remain sheltered in Lady Bay, Warrnambool apart from one morning of northerlies, when an attempt was made to round Cape Otway; she had to return to shelter in Portland after failing to make any headway. With only 140 tons of sand ballast aboard, the ship would not have been easy to handle. Captain Jacobsen and his crew of nine, mainly Swedes, decided to make for Melbourne, leaving Portland Harbour on 5th February 1911. By the 9th they had reached Cape Otway, where they encountered a moonless night, constant heavy rain, and a heavy sea with a south-easterly wind blowing. After safely rounding Cape Otway the course was changed to east, then north-east to take the vessel to a point six miles off Cape Patton, following the orders of Captain Jacobsen, who told the crew to be very careful with the steering, as the wind and sea was running to leeward. The patent log (used to measure speed) had been out of order for the last four months as no-one in Warrnambool was able to fix it: it was intended to have it repaired in Melbourne. In the meantime the crew measured the vessel's speed by looking over the side and estimating wind strength. This compounded the difficulties of imprecise positioning, as the strong cross wind and sea were acting on the lightly laden vessel to steadily drive it towards the shore. At 3.30am on Friday 10 February 1911 Captain Jacobsen and the first mate were looking over the side of the vessel when they heard the sound of breakers and suddenly struck the rocks. The crew immediately knew they had no chance of getting the SPECULANT off, and attempted to rescue themselves by launching the lifeboat, which was instantly smashed to pieces. One of the crew then volunteered to take a line ashore, and the rest of the crew were all able to drag themselves to shore, some suffering hand lacerations from the rocks. Once ashore they began to walk along the coast towards Lorne, believing it was the nearest settlement. Realising their mistake as dawn broke they returned westwards to Cape Patton, and found a farm belonging to Mr C. Ramsden, who took them in and gave them a change of clothes and food. After resting for a day and returning to the wreck to salvage some of their personal possessions, at 10am on Saturday they set out for Apollo Bay, a voyage that took six hours, sometimes wading through flooded creeks up to their necks. The Age described the wreck as "listed to starboard. All the cabin is gutted and the ballast gone. There is a big rock right through the bottom of her, and there is not the slightest hope of getting her off". A Board of Marine inquiry found that Captain Jacobson was guilty of careless navigation by not taking steps to accurately verify the position of the vessel with respect to Cape Otway when the light was visible and by not setting a safe and proper course with respect to the wind and sea. It suspended his certificate for 6 months and ordered him to pay costs. The location of the wreck site was marked for a long time by two anchors on the shoreline, until in 1970 the larger of the two anchors was recovered by the Underwater Explorers' Club and mounted on the foreshore at Apollo Bay. The bell from the wreck was also donated to the Apollo Bay Surf Lifesaving Club but is recorded to have been stolen. Rusting remains of the wreck can still be found on the shoreline on the southern side of, and directly below Cape Patton. Parts of the SPECULANT site have been buried by rubble from construction and maintenance works to the Great Ocean Road, as well as by naturally occurring landslides. Peter J McGennan passed away in 1920. The Gates in the western wall of the Anglican Church in Henna Street/Koroit St are dedicated to him for his time of community work, which is matched with other prominent Warrnambool citizens; Fletcher Jones, John Younger, J.D.E (Tag) Walter, and Edward Vidler. After Peter J McGennan's death Harry, Andrew and Edith continued to operate the family business until July 11th 1923 when the company was wound up. (Andrew lived in Ryot Street Warrnambool, near Lava Street.) Harry McGennan (Peter and Emily’s son) owned the Criterion Hotel in Kepler Street Warrnambool (now demolished). His son Sid and wife Dot lived in 28 Howard Street (corner of Nelson Street) and Sid managed the Criterion until it was decided by the family to sell, and for he remained Manager for the new owners until he retired. Harry commenced the Foreshore Trust in Warrnambool around 1950. The McGennan Carpark in Pertobe Road is named after Harry and there are Memorial-Stone Gates in his memory. (The Gates were once the original entrance to the carpark but are now the exit.). The Patent Log (also called a Taffrail log) from the SPECULANT, mentioned above, and a number of photographs, are now part of the Collection at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village.. The S. S. Flinders was built by A. J. Inglis, Ltd, Pointhouse, Glasgow in 1878 for the "Tasmanian Steam Navigation Company', Hobart which merged with the "Union Steamship Company" of New Zealand and it was later sold to the firm "McIlwraith, McEacham and Company". It was built of iron and was 1000 tons and 227 feet, 1 inch long. It was described as "splendidly fitted up for the carriage of passengers and her cargo space was also very large". In the saloon about 130 passengers could be accommodated while the second class had sufficient room for one hundred passengers. In 1890, the S. S. Flinders would leave Melbourne on Mondays and Thursdays at 5 pm and reach Warrnambool the following morning at 8 am. On the return it would leave Warrnambool on Wednesdays and Saturdays at 5 pm and reach Melbourne the following morning. In 1896, the Weekly Times described the "steamer Flinders (otherwise known as "the Warrnambool mailboat") as "as good a sample of a seagoing steamer as there is trading on the Victorian Coast at the present time". In April 1896 newspaper reports noted the S. S. Flinders took 2915 bags of potatoes from Warrnambool to Melbourne (the largest shipment of that season) as well as 50 tons of tinned rabbits from the Hamilton Preserving Factory. It was also noted that particularly during the Christmas period, there were excessive demands for berths from holiday makers wanting to enjoy a holiday in Warrnambool. In May 1903, the S. S. Flinders narrowly escaped destruction when an explosion and subsequent fire occurred during the passage from Melbourne to Warrnambool. A drum (which apparently contained carbide of calcium) exploded and blew off a hatch cover. As the steamer got to within a mile or two of Warrnambool, smoke was seen coming out of the hold and (unknown to the passengers) flames had taken hold. The crew quickly got to work - closing down all the hatches and pumping water into the hold through a hole in the saloon floor. There were 30 or 40 cases of kerosene on board. The Flinders continued on to Warrnambool and berthed at the Breakwater. The passengers all went ashore - many unaware of the danger they had been in. A telephone message was sent to the local Fire Brigade Station however the fire was extinguished before the firemen and their equipment arrived. After the hold was checked, the Flinders was certified as seaworthy and left for Portland. The Flinders continued to transport Western District produce as well as passengers from Warrnambool to Melbourne until 1906 when (due to a decrease in shipping trade during the Winter and the availability of train services) the Flinders was replaced by the smaller steamer "Dawn" and in 1907 when it was sold to the "Adelaide Steamship Company" for use in the Western Australia coastal trade, it was replaced by the "S. S. Barrabool". The S. S. Barrabool was a coastal steamer built by "Palmer Shipbuilding and Iron Company Limited" in Jarrow, Durham in 1874. It was bought by "Howard Smith Ltd" who was a pioneer in the coal trade between Melbourne and Newcastle. Howards Smith's early fleet contained ships named after local hills and mountains -"You Yangs", "Macedon", "Dandenongs" and "Barrabool". Later they extended their fleet to include ships that were well known in Warrnambool including the "Dawn" and the "Edina". The S. S. Barrabool had a chequered start and was nicknamed the "Great Australian Ram" because of the numerous accidents it was involved in. Between 1875 and 1883 it collided with three other vessels - sinking the "Queensland" on August 3rd, 1876, near Wilson's Promontory and sinking the "Bonnie Dundee" on 10th March 1879 off Lake Macquarie, New South Wales (with the loss of five lives). In August 1884 the Barrabool collided with the steamer "Birksgate" in Port Jackson causing considerable damage to "Birksgate". However in a newspaper article published in the "Truth" in March 1899 the S. S. Barrabool was described as "one of the fine old type of vessels" and "still a stout a craft as ever". The article was describing the practice of a "two-mate" system on board many ships (the Barrabool being one) whereby the company only employs two men (a first and second mate who must alternate watches of four hours each) rather than three mates who work four hours on and eight hours off. It was suggested that ships employing the "two-mate" system may find their insurance policies "null and void" should an accident occur. However the writer did note that the Barrabool was "officered by a captain and first and second mates .. whom it would be impossible to find more capable officers amongst the maritime fleet of the colonies". Between 1900 and 1909 the Barrabool was making regular trips along the east coast of Australia, carrying coal to Hobsons Bay (Melbourne) from Newcastle, Bellambi and Sydney. In 1907 it was brought in as a temporary replacement on the Melbourne to Warrnambool route for the S.S. Flinders. In 1912 the S. S. Barrabool ran aground off the Fitzroy River in Queensland and was found to be uneconomic to repair. It was brought back to Sydney and converted into a hulk. In August 1952 it was towed 17 miles off Sydney and scuttled. “Foyle” written on the photograph is the name of Foyle’s Photographic studio - originally owned by James Charles Foyle. He owned “Foyle’s Photo Card Studios” in Liebig St, Warrnambool, which operated between 1889 – 1919 At the time of the photograph the studio was owned by both Charles and Lilian Foyle (sometimes known as Lillian or Lily), either of whom could have taken this photograph. They also worked together at a later date on the photographs, sketches and paintings of the famous and historical Pioneers’ Honour Board.This photograph is a significant record of three of the well-known coastal traders (the "Speculant", the "S. S. Barrabool" and the "S. S. Flinders") that sailed along the southwest coast of Victoria for many years - transporting goods and passengers between Melbourne and Warrnambool.A black and white photograph titled "Breakwater Pier, Warrnambool". A line of coal trucks on rails are on the Breakwater. There are three ships (one sailing ship and two steamers) moored at the pier. In the left side of the picture is another ship. The name of the photographer is printed in the lower right corner. On the back of the photograph are the handwritten names of the moored ships written in blue pen. It also has the handwritten name, town and telephone number of the donor. In the bottom right hand corner is an upside down stamped number in black ink.Front of photograph - "BREAKWATER PIER, WARRNAMBOOL." "FOYLE PHOTO" Back of photograph - "Sailing Ship" "Speculant sail ship" "Barrabool coal ship" "Flinders Passenger ship" Name of donor W'Bool (and telephone number) "K-7148 M" (stamped upside down)flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, speculant, barque speculant, p. j. mcgennan, peter john mcgennan, speculant wreck, captain jacobsen, s. s. flinders, steamer flinders, a. j. inglis ltd, tasmanian steam navigation company, mcilwraith mceacham and company, warrnambool mailboat, coastal steamer, s. s. barrabool, howard smith ltd, two-mate system, coal ship, dawn, edina, lady bay, breakwater, warrnambool breakwater, foyle, foyle photographic studio warrnambool

This photograph was one of ten photographs donated to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village by Fred Trewartha. Frederick John Fox Trewartha (Fred) was a well-known Warrnambool businessman. He was born in Beeac near Geelong in 1920 and came to Warrnambool with his family as a very young child. He was apprenticed to his father John, as a saddler and later opened his own shop on Raglan Parade. He then moved into working with tarpaulins and canvases for the trucking industry. Fred was keenly interested in photography (and was a member of the Warrnambool Cine Club), yachting and boat building. He kept his yacht moored at Port Fairy for many years and participated in sailing events locally and interstate. He also built boats with his sons. He had the opportunity to meet many older sailors and it's thought this photo (and others in the set) may have been given to him by one of these men. Fred Trewartha died in 2016 in Warrnambool. Shipping was the cheapest and most practical means of carrying produce and goods during the period 1840-1890. Regular domestic steamer services commenced in the Warrnambool district in the late 1850’s and by 1870 the passenger trade was booming. Four coastal traders made regular stops at Warrnambool in the 1880's - S. S. Julia Percy, S. S. Dawn, S. S. Nelson and S. S. Casino. The S.S. Julia Percy (later named Leeuwin) was an iron passenger-cargo steam ship built in 1876. At one point in time the Julia Percy would sail from Warrnambool to Melbourne every Friday and return from Melbourne to Warrnambool every Tuesday. The cost of a return ticket for a Saloon Fare was £1.0.0. The Julia Percy was built in Glasgow by Thomas Wingate & Company, Whiteinch, in 1876 for the Warrnambool Steam Packet Company, which commissioned it for trade in Victoria’s western district. It was first registered in Warrnambool, Victoria in 1876. Two steamships, the Julia Percy and the Nelson, collided on 25th December 1881. The Julia Percy was at that time owned by its first owners, the Warrnambool Steam Packet Company, and she sailed under the command of Captain Chapman. It had left Melbourne the evening of 24th December, with about 150 passengers, sailing in fine weather through Port Phillip Heads around 9pm. It was headed for Warrnambool, Belfast (now named Port Fairy) and Portland. The Julia Percy was off Apollo Bay when Captain Chapman was woken by the ship’s whistle after midnight, the steamer Nelson being on a collision course with the Julia Percy. The Nelson struck Julia Percy midship. Boats were lowered from the ship (apart from a damaged lifeboat) and about 30-40 of the passengers boarded the Nelson. The engine room and the forehold were checked and found clear of water. The company manager, Mr. Evans, had been on the Nelson, so he boarded and inspected the Julia Percy and the decision was made to continue on to Warrnambool with the passengers as there appeared to be no immediate danger. However, Captain Thomas Smith said the Nelson was taking on water, so Julia Percy followed it for about an hour towards Melbourne on standby in case of need. Then Julia Percy turned around towards Warrnambool again. Shortly afterwards the Nelson turned to follow her, the ships stopped and passengers were returned to Julia Percy, and three from Julia Percy boarded the Nelson. Both ships proceeded on their way. Julia Percy passed Cape Otway light afterwards, signaling that there had been a collision. It was discovered later that one of the passengers was missing, then thought to have boarded the Nelson but later thought to have fallen into the sea and drowned while trying to jump from Julia Percy to Nelson. There had been 3 tickets purchased under the same name of that passenger “Cutler”; a father, son and friend named Wordsworth, which had caused quite some confusion. No further mishap occurred to either ship and both the Julia Percy and the Nelson reached their destinations safely. An enquiry was instigated by the Victoria Steam Navigation Board regarding the cause of the accident between the two steamships, in connection with the death of Cutler who was supposed to have lost his life by the collision. The enquiry resulted in Captain Thomas Smith having his master's certificate suspended for six months. The Julia Percy changed hands several times. Its next owner was the Western Steam Navigation Co (1887), managed by Mr. T.H. Osborne (the company’s office was on the corner of Timor and Liebig Streets - its north-western wall is now part of the current Warrnambool Regional Art Gallery.) The Melbourne Steamship Co became the next owners (1890), followed by William Howard Smith and Sons (1901) for use in Queensland coastal trades and then it was bought by George Turnbull in 1903 and used for local mail contract in Western Australia. The Julia Percy was sold to the Melbourne Steamship Company Ltd. (1906) and re-named the “Leeuwin” but continued in her Western Australian coastal run. It was converted into a coal hulk in Melbourne in 1910 as a result of damaged caused when it was driven against the jetty at Dongara during a gale. The ship was eventually dismantled and scuttled off Port Phillip Heads on 28 December 1934. The steamship "Dawn" was a 522-ton coastal trader built in 1876 and the vessel operated around the Victorian west coast from 1877 until 1898 for the Portland & Belfast Steam Navigation Co. sailing between Melbourne and Portland, via Warrnambool. The vessel was then owned in October 1885 by the renamed company, Belfast & Koroit Steam Navigation Co., until March 1896 when its ownership moved to W Howard Smith & Sons Ltd. This Melbourne company used the ship to service most ports around Australia. Captain F. Chapman took over from Captain Jones and served on the SS Dawn from 1898 until 1900 when he took command of the SS Casino. On September 4th 1880, the three masted clipper ship, "Eric the Red" struck Otway Reef, near Cape Otway. The S. S. Dawn, under the command of Captain Jones, was returning to Warrnambool from Melbourne, its sailing time different to its usual schedule. The provedore of the Dawn, Benjamin Lear, heard cries of distress coming through the portholes of the saloon. He gave the alarm and the engines were stopped. Cries could be heard clearly, coming from the land. Captain Jones sent out crew in two boats, and fired off rockets and blue lights to illuminate the area. They picked up the three survivors who were in the long boat from "Eric the Red". Two men were picked up out of the water, one being the owner’s son who was clinging to floating kerosene boxes. At daylight the Dawn then rescued the 18 men from the floating portion of the deckhouse, which had drifted about 4 miles from where they’d struck the reef. Shortly after the rescue the deckhouse drifted onto breakers and was thrown onto rocks at Point Franklin, about 2 miles east of Cape Otway. Captain Jones had signalled to Cape Otway lighthouse the number of the Eric the Red and later signalled that there was a wreck at Otway Reef but there was no response from the lighthouse. The captain and crew of the Dawn spent several more hours searching unsuccessfully for more survivors, even going back as far as Apollo Bay. On board the Dawn the exhausted men received care and attention to their needs and wants, including much needed clothing. Four men (three crew and one passenger) died. A week after the shipwreck, the Australian Government had also conveyed its thanks to the Captain and crew of the S.S. Dawn - “Captain Griffith Jones, S.S. Dawn, The Hon. Mr Clark desires that the thanks of the Government should be conveyed to you for the prompt, persevering and seamanlike qualities displayed by you, your officers and crew in saving the number of lives you did on the occasion referred to. The Hon. The Commissioner has also been pleased to award you a souvenir in commemoration of the occasion, and a sum of 65 pounds to be awarded to your officers and crew according to annexed scale. I am, &c, W Collins Rees, for and in the absence of the Chief Harbour Master.” The Awards are as follows: - Crew of DAWN'S lifeboat-Chief Officer, Mr G. Peat, 15 pounds; boat's crew-G. Sterge, A.B., 5 pounds; T. Hammond, A.B., 5 pounds; J. Black, A.B., 5 pounds; H. Edwards, A.B., 5 pounds. Dinghy's Crew-Second Officer, Mr Christie, 10 pounds; boat's crew -F. Lafer, A.B., 5 pounds; W. Johnstone, A.B., 5 pounds; Mr Lear, provedore, 5 pounds; Mr Dove, purser, 5 pounds. Captain Jones receives a piece of plate. (from “Wreck of the ship Eric the Red” by Jack Loney). Medals of Bravery were awarded to the Captain and crew of the S.S. Dawn by the President of the United States, through the Consul-general (Mr Oliver M. Spencer), in July 1881 “ … in recognition of their humane efforts in rescuing the 23 survivors of the American built wooden sailing ship, the Eric the Red, on 4th September 1880.” The men were also presented with substantial monetary rewards and gifts. The city of Warrnambool’s care of the survivors was also mentioned by the President at the presentation, saying that “the city hosted and supported the crew ‘most graciously’. The Medal of Bravery awarded to Nelson Johnson is in the collection at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village in Warrnambool. Prior to 1882, and the arrival of the S. S. Casino, the "Dawn" was the only steamer to be able to navigate up the Moyne River at Port Fairy and unload at the wharf. The other regular steamers had to anchor in the bay instead. In February 1891 (as reported in The Age newspaper) the "Dawn" became the first vessel to berth alongside the newly completed Warrnambool Breakwater. The occasion was celebrated with a number of prominent townspeople assembling on board to "participate of a glass of wine". In 1895 the owners of the S.S. Dawn, the Portland and Belfast Steam Navigation Co., wound up and sold out to the Belfast Company who took over the Dawn for one year before selling it to Howard Smith. It took over the Melbourne to Warrnambool run in 1906 when the S. S. Flinders was sold. The S. S. Dawn was condemned and sunk in Suva in 1928. The State Library of Victoria has a lithograph in its collection depicting the steamer Dawn and the shipwrecked men, titled. "Wreck of the ship Eric the Red, Cape Otway: rescue of the crew by the Dawn". The third ship depicted in the photograph was thought to be the S. S. Coorong but there was a question mark next to its name. The photograph was thought to have been taken in 1885 and it's possible the S.S. Coorong was working in Clarence River, N. S. W. by this time. The steamer "Coorong" was built in 1862 by J. G. Lawrie of Glasgow. It was an "iron screw" steamer of 304 tons. It had many owners including Joseph Darwent of Adelaide (1863 - 1871), McMeckan Blackwood and Company, Melbourne (1871 - 1877), Mount Gambier Steamship Company Ltd. (1877 - 1881). William Whineham, Port Adelaide (1882), John See and Company, Sydney (1884 - 1892) and the North Coast Steam Navigation Company Ltd, Sydney (1892 - 1910). In 1911 it was hulked in Sydney Harbour and in 1921 it was being used as a coal hulk at Sydney. It had been originally imported into South Australia for the Port Augusta trade (primarily transporting goods needed by the early settlers) however the owners recognized that it had too much space for that purpose, so it was moved to work on the Adelaide to Melbourne line. Its passenger accommodation was enlarged and it enjoyed a "first class reputation" and by 1874 had made 313 voyages between Melbourne and Adelaide. Its captains included Captain McLean, Captain Ashton and Captain Dowell. In 1867, when 25 miles west of Cape Otway, while travelling from Adelaide to Melbourne, it came across the crew of the schooner "Black Watch" who had abandoned ship after it began quickly taking on water. The crew (six men) were able to get away in a small boat with a compass, chart and few candles. They were "excessively cold from exposure to the weather" when the S. S. Coorong picked them up. In 1877 the Coorong ran aground when entering the Outer Harbour at Adelaide (but was not damaged) and in 1882 it was stranded (for a short time) near Curdies Inlet (Victoria) with some slight damage to its bottom plates. Note - A ship with the same name "Coorong" (a coal carrying barque) was often on the Newcastle / Wollongong to Adelaide route also stopped several times in Warrnambool in the mid 1880's. The photograph has the label "Chuck Photos" printed on the front. Thomas Foster Chuck (born 1826 in London) was a photographer and entrepreneur who arrived in Victoria in 1861. The following year he produced and toured a "Grand Moving Diarama" of dramatic painted scenes from the Burke and Wills expedition. By 1866 he had established a photography studio in Daylesford and later he returned to Melbourne where he opened a studio in the Royal Arcade. In 1874 a collection of Chuck's photographs won a gold medal at the Annual International Exhibition in London. Throughout the 1870's he took over 700 individual photographs of prominent citizens for his historical photographic montage titled "Historical Pictures of the Explorers and Early Colonists of Victoria" which is now in the collection of the National Library of Australia. By 1888 he had sold his Melbourne studio and had established a studio in Ballarat (with his son Thomas Henry Chuck). In 1886 they produced an album titled "Warrnambool and District 1886, Western Hotel - J. Fox proprietor" containing over sixty large photographs of local coastal scenes and seascapes, for the use of patrons of the Western Hotel. This photo (of the three steamers in Lady Bay) was taken at this time and is in the album. Thomas Chuck died on December 7th, 1898, in Albert Park, Melbourne and his son Thomas Henry continued to operate the photography studio in Ballarat into the 1920's.This photograph is a significant record of several of the well-known coastal traders (S. S. Julia Percy, S. S. Dawn and possibly S. S. Coorong) that sailed along the southwest coast of Victoria for many years - transporting goods and passengers between Melbourne and Warrnambool in the 1880's. They are also significant in the role they played in the history of Warrnambool and the other coastal ports they visited as well as being examples of the dangers and hazards associated with navigating the waters along the southern coast of Australia. It is also a good example of a photograph taken by a well-known and significant photographer of that era.Black and white photograph of three steam ships anchored in Lady Bay, Warrnambool. They each have a funnel and two masts and are side on to the beach. A small rowboat with a crew can be seen on the far right. The words "CHUCK-PHOTO" are on the bottom left of the photograph. On the back of the photograph is the name and telephone number of the donor (handwritten in black ball point pen) and the names of the three steamships and date written in uppercase letters in dark blue ink. There is a four-figure number stamped in the centre of the back.Front - "CHUCK-PHOTO" Back - Name of donor and telephone number "6944" "JULIA PERCY, DAWN & KOORONG(?) IN LADY BAY 1885"flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, great ocean road, fred trewartha, s. s. julia percy, s. s. dawn, s. s. nelson, s. s. casino, leeuwin, steamer, steamship, coastal trader, warrnambool steam packet company, captain chapman, victorian steam navigation board, western steam navigation company, melbourne steamship company, william howard smith and sons, portland and belfast steam navigation company, w howard smith and sons ltd, eric the red, captain jones, medal of bravery, rescue, moyne river, warrnambool breakwater, lady bay, s. s. coorong, mount gambier steamship company, black watch, thomas foster chuck, chuck photos, chuck photography

This photograph was one of ten photographs donated to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village by Fred Trewartha. Frederick John Fox Trewartha (Fred) was a well-known Warrnambool businessman. He was born in Beeac near Geelong in 1920 and came to Warrnambool with his family as a very young child. He was apprenticed to his father John, as a saddler and later opened his own shop on Raglan Parade. He then moved into working with tarpaulins and canvases for the trucking industry. Fred was keenly interested in photography (and was a member of the Warrnambool Cine Club), yachting and boat building. He kept his yacht moored at Port Fairy for many years and participated in sailing events locally and interstate. He also built boats with his sons. He had the opportunity to meet many older sailors and it's thought this photo (and others in the set) may have been given to him by one of these men. Fred Trewartha died in 2016 in Warrnambool. There is some conflict re the identity of the ship in the foreground of this photograph. It has been identified as the "Dimsdale" by the original owner of this photograph and by the website "Photos of the Past" which have an identical copy of the photo, however the State Library of South Australia (who also have an identical copy of the photograph) have identified the date of the photograph as 1910 and the ship as the "Ainsdale". The "Dimsdale" and the "Lobo" were recorded several times in the local shipping news as being docked at the Port of Adelaide, at the same time, during the years 1912 and 1913, whereas the "Ainsdale" wasn't in Adelaide very often but was recorded as coming in and out of the Port of Adelaide in the years 1915 and 1916. On February 25th 1916, the two ships (the "Ainsdale" and "Lobo") were both in the Port of Adelaide at the same time, but the "Ainsdale" was loading at Outer Harbor and the "Lobo" was discharging timber at Corporation Wharf. The "Ainsdale" was owned by the same firm that had owned the "Dimsdale". The Dimsdale was a three masted steel ship built in 1890 by C. J. Bigger of Londonderry. It became notorious when it struck the Wonga Shoal lighthouse near Port Adelaide on the night of 17th November 1912, destroying the structure and killing two lighthouse keepers. The accident was investigated by the Marine Board, the Coroner, the Police Court, the Admiralty Court and by the Criminal Courts of South Australia where the Captain (John Jones) was charged with manslaughter and found "not guilty". The Dimsdale was sold to a Norwegian firm and its name was changed to "Kwango". It sank in 1915 near the Magdalen Islands in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. The "Lobo" was a well known "windjammer" trading from the Port of Adelaide to other parts of the world. For a number of years it was employed in the New Zealand and Tasmanian services, after which it made several voyages to North America. It was an iron barque of 945 tons, built at Sunderland in 1877 by Osbourne, Graham and Company. On October 18th 1916, the Lobo (owned by Walter and Morris, timber merchants) was on a voyage from Parapato (Mozambique) to New York with a cargo of mango bark and ebony, when it struck rocks and ran aground 30 miles east of the Angoche River in Portuguese East Africa. A detailed account of the incident, written by Mrs Murchison (the Captains wife who was on board with her two year old son) was published in the Adelaide newspaper "The Mail" on Saturday 9th December 1916. She, and several of the crew were put in a boat early in the morning and sent away from the wreck. Several hours later, they were joined by Captain Murchison and the remainder of the crew. They were in their small open boats for several hours before landing on a small uninhabited island where they remained for several days before being picked up by another vessel and taken back to Parapato. The captain was able to obtain a position on a steamer which took him and his wife and child back to England.This photograph is significant as a record of the world wide mercantile trade Australia was engaged in at the end of the nineteenth century and beginning of the twentieth century and as a record of the dangers faced by the crews of these ships.A black and white photograph showing two large sailing ships moored at a dock. There are industrial buildings in the background (one has smoke coming from its chimney) and several smaller craft (a rowing boat, two small boats that may be tugs and a little yacht) at the side of the ships. Pylons can be seen in the water and a metal fence is in the bottom right corner. On the back of the photo the words "Ship Dimsdale" and "Bk Lobo" are written diagonally across the top left corner in pencil. A beige paper label has been attached to the top right corner with the words "Dimsdale at Port Adelaide" and "Port Adelaide Historical Society may be interested" written in black ballpoint pen."Ship Dimsdale" / "Bk Lobo" ""Dimsdale" / at Port Adelaide" "- Port Adelaide Historical /Society may be / interested"warrnambool, dimsdale, lobo, barque lobo, port of adelaide, kwango, wonga shoal lighthouse, fred trewartha, ainsdale, frederick john fox trewartha, captain john jones, windjammer, iron barque, parapato

John Killeen No 1323 4th L.H Regt. Refer Cat No 2824 for his service history. .1) Badge, Rising Sun lapel, blackened brass with two lugs on rear with pin. .2) Badge, Returned from Active Service, crown at top, circular centre with Rising Sun and letters AIF under. .3) Badge, “Duty Bravely done - Returned” Top has a soldier standing in front of a Rising Sun, under is a wreath surrounding a plaque with a light and dark blue colour patch presenting 4th L.H Regt..2) “Returned from Active Service-Issued by Dept of Defence” .3) On rear “Presented to Pte J Killeen by the residents of Korong Vale and District on his return from the Great War 1914-19-21.7.20”membership, badges, passchendaele barracks trust

John Joseph LOWERY Regt No 1926 enlisted in the AIF 3rd Reinforcements, 22nd Batt on 16.6.1915 aged 18. Embarked for Egypt 26.8.1915, taken on strength Gallipoli 25.10.1915. Hospitalised 23.12.1915 frost bite to feet. Embarked for France 19.3.1916, promoted T/Cpl 1.2.1917, promoted L/Cpl 2.5.1917, promoted L/Sgt 21.8.1917. KIA Belgium 2.10.1917. Refer Cat No 2564P.Wooden frame, green border around certificate, glass front, centre is a photo of a soldier.Document: “Honour the Brave. Presented to Sgt J J LOWERY by the Members and Friends of the View Street Church of Christ and Bible School in grateful appreciation of his services for God, King and Country in the Great War 1914 - 1918” Bottom centre on white label: JOHN JOSEPH LOWERY “Enlisted 16.6.1915 Regt No 1926 3rd Reinforcements 22 Batt AIF aged 18. Embarked for the Middle East 26.8.1915. Admitted to hospital Gallipoli with frostbite 15.12.1915 Embarked for France 19.3.1916. Appointed Lance Sergeant 2.5.1917. KIA 2.10.1917 at Broodseinde, Belgium. Donated by Mrs Lyla Sutton” Bendigo District RSL Museum civic mementos - certificates, religion - christian, military history

John Leonard Stanley Hammill No 1351 AIF. Refer 396.2 for his service history also 368P.Certificate of discharge J S S Hammill AIF, Certificate No V12482. Frame, dark brown timber with gold inner edge with glass front. Discharge Certificate printed in black & red colour. Certificate features a royal coat of arms mounted in 2 columns all in red ink. Illustrated in black is Britannia holding a Union Jack & facing 2 soldiers who are presenting arms. At the bottom is a scroll with the recipient's name written in black ink. J S S Hammill Australian Imperial Force Served with honour and was disabled in the Great War Honourably discharged on 26.6.16 George R I Stamped on bottom of Certificate V12482 documents - certificates, frame accessories, military history-army

East Charlton Hotel built 1875 by J. Flug was sold to G Luth in 1875 then to G Klug. The hotel was rebuilt in 1892 and 1925 (Spanish style). Luth's store was established by Flug in 1870's and sold to G Luth in 1875. G Paterson purchased the store and business in 1990's. The store was rebuilt in 1880's and 1938 with renovations done in 1950.A standard colour photo with no mounting business, charlton, high street, flug john, luth g, klug g, luth's general store