Black and white photograph, taken from the corner of Thistle and Chum Streets, Lansell's 'Fortuna' is in the background. Note is made of the following unusual features: 1. Poppet legs 125 feet high (tallest on the field) on the North side of Chum St; engine house on opposite side. 2. 'Cleopatra Needle' type square - sectioned chimney on left and mullock road, 65 feet from ground at landing brace, where quartz was trucked directly across to Lansell's crushing battery in his 'Fortuna' grounds.place, mining site, lansell's 222 mine

Commonly known as Miner's Complaint, silicosis, tuberculosis or a combination of both resulted in phthisis. This was directly caused by the inhalation of silica dust resulting from drilling into quartz reefs. Lungs weakened by silicosis were more susceptible to the TB bacterium. At first the difference between these two ailments was unknown as was the mode of the spread of TB. In 1903 there was a call for better ventilation in mines and for the use of water hoses to dampen down the dust. It is estimated that the rate of associated deaths in Bendigo was six times that of the national average.A 12 page paper by Frank Cusack detailing the extreme rates of death by Silicosis and Tuberculosis among the early settlers of Bendigo and the willful lack of action by the mine managers to improve health and safety.frank cusack, silicosis, tuberculosis, bendigo mining

Base map Australian map grid of Eaglehawk area. Map has letter attached from the Department of Conservation, Forests and Lands, 22 March, 1990, addressed to Felicity Kingerlie, BHS, requesting information regarding the historic mining sites marked on the map. Sites marked are: A. Golden Age Mine, engine mountings present B. Johnson's No. 2 Mine, engine mountings, old boiler foundations C. Johnson's No. 1 Mine, mullock retaining wall made from sandstone, engine mountings, remains of old building demolished? D. Toma's Eucalyptus Factory, old boiler still there, boiler shed, chimney (remnants of) outlet drain, distilling vats, dam, remnant of winch. E. New Argus Mine,mullock heap F. New Moon Mines Dams (1) stone walls G. North Lightning Hill Mine, engine mountings, quartz retainer wall, Pascoe and Simmons open cuts and other open cuts here too H. New Prince of Wales Mine and Poppet Head I. Quarry site for stone, excavation (for miners cottages in Clarke Street) J. Lancashire open cut mine K. Virginia Hill (cynaide vats etc) L. South Prince of Wales mine, now capped and fenced M (possibly ) Catherine United Mine, engine mountings, battery mountings?bendigo, mining, eaglehawk mines

Four page document Geological Report Bendigo Goldfield, C.E. Willman and H.E. Wilkinson. Contents include: folds, cleavage, lineations, lineated quartz in laminated veins, faults, major and minor faults, joints, structural domains and relationship to mineralization.bendigo, mining, geological bulletin

Handwritten, 2 page, table of information showing mine name, alluvial or quartz and shaft depth. On top of page ' Deepest shafts and winzes Victoria 1851 - 1911. Reference: See Mines Report 1911, E.J. Dunn 10.11.08' Victoria Quartz mine Bendigo was the deepest. For example, entry reads: Victoria Quartz Mine, Bendigo, shaft 4270 plus 220 feet = total 4490 feet. Winze 385 feet from 4228 feet , No 37 Plat. Total 4613 feet from surface. Penthouse and cistern at 4228 feet. Shaft sunk to 4558 feet. Signed A.R.Albert Richardsonbendigo, mining, shaft depths

Three page handwritten document outlining the history of the Victoria Hill area. The open cuts on Victoria Hill; Lansell's Big 180 Mine, Victoria Quartz Mine; Wittscheibe's 'Jewellers Shop', Luffman and Sterry, Central Nell Gwynne and New Chum Hill are mentioned in the article. A description of the suitability of the Victoria Hill site as a potential mining museum is discussed as 'it is centrla to both the northern and southern ends of the main portion of the Bendigo and Eaglehawk mines'. William Rae built two fine residences on Happy Valley Road, and also set up a 30 head battery out of his gains from Victoria Hill.bendigo, mining, victoria hill

One page document titled ' Secretary for Mine's Report for 1911, Deep Mines page 24. List of mines and depths, The Victoria Quartz 4614 feet, New Chum Railway 4318 feet, Lazarus New Chum 3682 feet, New Chum and Victoria 3579 feet, North Johnson's 3498 feet, Carlisle 3460 feet, Lansell's 180 3365 feet, Clarence 3310 feet, Great Extended Hustlers 3290 feet, Ironbark 3250 feet, Victoria Consols 3114 feet, New Chum Consolidated 3099 feet, Eureka Extended3060 feet, Princess Dagmar 3020 feet, Johnsons Reef No 2 2020 feet.bendigo, mining, deep mines on the field

Typed foolscap two sided document with information about the early history of the Bendigo Goldfield. Topics include the first gold discovery, how gullies were worked, quartz reefing, gold cakes, hand dollies and Chilian mills. Some brief statistics of the Bendigo goldfield include the total gold yield of 17,370,561 ounces plus 5,000,000 oz sold outside Bendigo. The greatest depth reached by any mine in the State, 4,593 feet below surface, or 3,700 feet below sea-level, was attained by the Victoria Quartz Company. About 100 shafts exceed a depth of 1,000 feet, of which 40 are between 2,000 and 3,000 feet deep, fifteen are between 3,000 and 4,000 feet and two are over 4,000 feet.bendigo, mining, mines department

Map of the Bendigo Goldfield, showing reef lines, mines and significant geographical features such as Monument Hill, Quartz Hill and Diamond Hill. On the back of map 'Department of Mines, Victoria. Plan of Bendigo Goldfield.bendigo, mining, bendigo goldfields

''Memories of the late Mrs Lucy Hill'' A series apparently published over the pseudonym of ''Joch'' in the Bendigo Advertiser (ca. 1973) with a variety of article Headings e.g. Bendigo Mining Fields; The Quartz King - and Quartz Crystal; The last cab home; Court Highlight. These are obviously drafts prior to publication. Mention in attached page (News Letter) that Mr and Mrs Hill published in the Bendigo Advertiser in a column titled ''In the Spotlight''. Attached page also is a short 'biography' of Mrs Hill (nee Lucy Robotham), wife of Mr W T Hill titled ''Success of Bendigo Poetess'' (may be extract from Bendigo Advertiser??)person, individual, lucy hill, journalist, advertiser, aunt evelyn, the centenary song, gravel hill state school, in the spot light, an unexpected achievement, bendigo.

Hand written notes about contract let to Roberts & Son for a new air compressor, dividends, Changing House and Half-Yearly meeting. Also notes referring to Federation, see Advertiser Monday June 19th? 1899, New Boiler at Nth Johnsons 27/7/1899, report page 4 and referring to Bendigonian Dec 28th 1899, report on dividends from Victoria Quartz Mine.place, mining site, carlisle united mine, carlisle united, roberts & son, air compressor, changing house, federation, advertiser monday june 19th? 1899, boiler, nth johnsons, victoria quartz mine, bendigonian dec 28th 1899

A replica of the gold nugget 'Poseidon' that was discovered on the 18th of December 1906 at Tarnagulla. It was found 10 inches below the surface, 2 inches above bedrock with much quartz. It was found by Woodall and Party and named after a famous racehorse of the time. Gross weight 953 ozs. Net 703 ozs. (See additional research).mining, models, plaster model of victorian gold nugget, https://www.australiangeographic.com.au/topics/history-culture/2016/11/australias-biggest-gold-nuggets/

A plaster model of the Sclemm nugget found on 11.7.1872 at the Shoots Gully between Dunolly and James Creek, three feet below the surface. Associated with quartz and ironstone. Weight 538 ozs. Estimated yield 478 ozs. Finder Henry Davey. Value 2016 $849,760. (See additional research)mining, models, plaster model of victorian gold nugget

South New Chum Syncline South New Chum Syncline Gold Mines, N.L., has been floated with a capital of £27,500 in 55,000 shares of 10/ each. Forty thousand have been issued at 1/,10,000 fully paid shares go to vendors, and 5000 will be held in reserve. - Messrs. Savage and Nicholas report that the issue was heavily over-subscribed. The property is situated in the central portion of the Bendigo field, adjoining such former producers as the Victoria Quartz. Lansell’s Big 180, North Old Chum and New Chum. (Bendigo Advertiser, 29th September 1932).Three copies of the seven page 'South New Chum Syncline Gold Mines N.L. Inventory', two partially incomplete. One copy is annotated with the name 'Browell' beside items. Pencil written calculations on other entries showing prices. Documents are from the Margaret Roberts Collection.bendigo, gold mining, south new chum syncline gold mine, j.j. stanistreet, legal manager, margaret roberts collection,

South New Chum Syncline South New Chum Syncline Gold Mines, N.L., has been floated with a capital of £27,500 in 55,000 shares of 10/ each. Forty thousand have been issued at 1/,10,000 fully paid shares go to vendors, and 5000 will be held in reserve. - Messrs. Savage and Nicholas report that the issue was heavily over-subscribed. The property is situated in the central portion of the Bendigo field, adjoining such former producers as the Victoria Quartz. Lansell’s Big 180, North Old Chum and New Chum. (Bendigo Advertiser, 29th September 1932).Seven pages of correspondence detailing a 'Permit to Mine' in favour of Messrs W.J. Browell, A.W. Browell and A.R. Hannon, Golden Square, in respect of portion of the area held under Gold Mining Lease No. 9903. Letter dated 23rd February 1937 to J.J. Stanistreet, Legal Manager, South New Chum Syncline, Bendigo from Mines Department, Treasury Gardens, Melbourne confirms the permit held under Gold Mining Lease No. 9903, Bendigo. List of articles taken by Browell on 29th June, 1936, is attached. Draft copy of 'permit to mine' document attached. bendigo, gold mining, south new chum syncline gold mine, j.j. stanistreet, legal manager, margaret roberts collection,

South New Chum Syncline South New Chum Syncline Gold Mines, N.L., has been floated with a capital of £27,500 in 55,000 shares of 10/ each. Forty thousand have been issued at 1/,10,000 fully paid shares go to vendors, and 5000 will be held in reserve. - Messrs. Savage and Nicholas report that the issue was heavily over-subscribed. The property is situated in the central portion of the Bendigo field, adjoining such former producers as the Victoria Quartz. Lansell’s Big 180, North Old Chum and New Chum. (Bendigo Advertiser, 29th September 1932).Two documents from Department of Mines, 25th January, 1936. 'Cover letter, addressed to McColl, Rankin and Stanistreet, Commonwealth Bank Chambers, Charing Cross, Bendigo, informs 'that the Honorable the Minister has granted a suspension of the Labour Covenant of Lease No. 9903 Bendigo ...expiring on 25th April, 1936. Suspension is for the Mining District of Bendigo, division Sandhurst, No. of lease 9903 for 3 months from 24.1.36 to 25.4.36. Document is part of the Margaret Roberts Collection of mining records. bendigo, gold mining, south new chum syncline gold mine, j.j. stanistreet, legal manager, margaret roberts collection, labour convenant

Copies of two dark black and white photos of underground mining at the Hercules mine. The left side one shows two miners facing the sides of the shaft prior to the boxing in with red gum slabs. one man is using a sledge hammer and the other is using a hand pick. The right-hand side photo This photo was either the Shenandoah or the New Chum Railway. Five men standing on a higher part are holding lamps and one man is standing on a ladder.bendigo, history, long gully history group, the long gully history group - two underground photos, hercules, shenandoah, new chum railway, victoria quartz

Sepia toned photograph. Photograph No. 7: Excavation of Quartz Reef near ironbark hill (two copies)N.J. Cairetopic, mining, battery

Copy of an article from the Bendigo Weekly 19/5/2000 Discover Bendigo - Flooding of the Victoria Quartz by James Lerk. Article mentions the flooding of the mine, the equipment left in there and where the water had come from. An accompanying photo, taken by Vincent Kelly, shows miners at work underground. John Ennor, the mine manager at the time and William Abraham, the Mining Inspector are in the photo. Written on the photo is: 4156 ft below Vic Quartz G Mine.bendigo, history, long gully history group, the long gully history group - flooding of the victoria quartz, bendigo weekly 19/5/2000, james lerk, william abraham, matthew stevens, 180 mine, new chum and victoria, new chum railway, new shenandoah, new chum reef, south bellevue, nell gwynne reef, new chum drainage association, bendigo advertiser, vincent kelly, john ennor

Bendigo Advertiser "The way we were" from 1999. Fortuna Villa: George Lansell pursued the deep reef mining industry and bought the rich 180 mine at Victoria Hill, after which he became known as the Quartz King. Within weeks of purchasing the mine he had recovered his outlay. After making so much money, he built Fortuna Villa, a resplendent building of two stories - six rooms on the ground floor and five on the second floor. Later the Lansell family enlarged the villa into three stories and furnished it suitable for any price, whereby it became an entertainment centre for notable visitors to Bendigo.newspaper, bendigo advertiser, the way we were

Copy of an article from the Bendigo Weekly 9/6/2000 titled The Mine Flooding Crisis - New Pumping Technology Suggested by James Lerk. Louis August Samuels was born in Germany. Samuels was involved in the mining industry in Australia and he had mining experience in West Africa. He had knowledge of the mines at the southern end of the field. He was president of the Mine Managers' Association. He believed the flooding was caused by the lack of baling and pumping operations. Earlier he had visited a coal mine in Bohemia to see a Riedler pump at work. It was a new design, very effective, simple in design and reliable. He watched it work. It was 500 metres underground and pushed the water to the surface in a single column. He suggested this type of pump could be adapted to use on the New Chum Reef. Even this suggestion was not the latest technical innovation, but it would be more efficient and less costly than baling. No one took him seriously and continued to remove water by the traditional means. Article is accompanied by a photo of Samuels.bendigo, history, long gully history group, the long gully history group - the mine flooding crisis - new pumping technology suggested, bendigo weekly 9/6/2000, james lerk, louis august samuels, origin of the bendigo saddle reefs and the cause of their golden wealth 1893, bendigo mine managers' association, victoria proprietary company, victoria quartz mine, new chum drainage association, riedler pump, riedler zwangschluss valve, technical school at aix-la-chapelle (achen)

Copy of an article from the Bendigo Weekly titled Discover Bendigo The Mine Flooding Crisis - Finale of the Victoria Quartz by James Lerk. The lack of suitable machinery, insufficient knowledge of where the water was coming from, need for Government support, and the pegged price of gold, all contributed to the cessation of deep mining. The Victoria Quartz decided to allow tributers for work the upper levels. By 1913, the Company found it uneconomic to allow the tributers to continue working the upper levels and the poppet head and machinery were sold. During the Great Depression Ernest Smith, Davic Holden, Jack Harrison and David Patullo worked above the water line and did well enough to help their families from the worst effects of the Great Depression. Later Dave Patullo continued to work at the Victoria Quartz while the other three obtained employment in other mines. The article has a photo of David Patullo.bendigo, history, long gully history group, the long gully history group - the mine flooding crisis - finale of the victoria quartz, bendigo weekly, james lerk, victoria quartz mine, brough smyth, bendigo advertiser, victoria quartz company, great depression, ernest smith, david holden, jack harrison, david patullo, government battery eaglehawk

Three pages of History of the Field, A Brief History of Mining in Bendigo. The history starts in 1851 when gold was discovered along the Bendigo Creek to 1992 when Bendigo Mining NL purchased the licences and infrastructure from WMC. There are four small photos: Two men working a puddling machine; Victoria Hill - 1850's Open Cut; Victoria Hill Quartz Mine, and the Central Deborah Mine. There is also a web address in the top right corner.bendigo, history, long gully history group, the long gully history group - history of the field (gold), mrs margaret kennedy, mrs farrell, edward nucella emmett, cave and amos, victoria quartz, new chum railway, bendigo amalgamated gold mies, bendigo mines ltd, deborah mines, william burrell, wmc, williams united, charshalton, bendigo mining nl, new bendigo project, trevor clark, shelley saunders, peter wiseman, new bendigo - 10 million ounces of gold

Article titled The Bendigo Post Office, compiled by L C Bennetts. Mentioned is the history of the Bendigo Post Office and postmarks, some information on mining, Bendigo foundries, Underground connections of mines, expenses and shaft sinking costs. Also mentioned is Bendigo and Eaglehawk - 60 years ago and the role the pubs played in daily living. They were where theatres, concerts and dances were held, and the meeting rooms for clubs and lodges, even church benefits. Listed is a number of Bendigo hotels. Some even had a few names. Names of the pubs are: The Freemasons, The Courthouse, The Commercial Law Courts, The Hamburg, The European, The Prince Bismark, The Lord Kitchener, The Bendigo, The Rosalind Park, The Showgrounds, Atheneum Club, Olivers, Bridge Hotel, Bourkes, The Globe, The Hibernia, Albert, Albion, Abbotts, Australian, Belvidere, Beehive, British Queen, Black Eagle, British and American, Brian Boru, Bakers Arms, Butchers Arms, Brick Layers Arms, Bull and Mouth, Cresent, Clarence, Back Creek Bridge, Cape Clear, Crooked Billet, Cambridgeshire Arms, Camp, Coach and Horses, Cricketers Arms, Diggers Rest, Ellesmere, Five Lions, Franklyn, Golden Square, Golden Gate, Golden Gully, Golden Age, Golden Vine, Gumtree, Glasgow Reef, Great Britain, Haymarket, Daniel O'Connell, Half Way House, Fleece Inn, Ironbark, Johnsons Reef, Lancashire, Live and Let Live, Manchester Arms, Gold Mines, Metropolitan, Crown, National, New Chum, Honeysuckle Street, Pavilion, Napier Arms, Quartz Miners Arms, Retreat Inn, Rainbow, Rose of Australia, Lake View, Robin Hood, Fountain, Southern Cross, Bath, Berlin, Spring Gully, Star, Sir Charles Hotham, Silvermines, Royal Oak, Suburban, Town Hall, Temperance, Ship Inn, View Point, View Bend, Victoria, Exchange, American, Arcade, Belfast, All Nations, Union, United Kingdom, Union Jack, Westend, Washington, Waterloo, Wellington, Whitehorse, Wheat Sheaf, Yorkshire, Niagra and Noahs Ark.bendigo, history, long gully history group, the long gully history group - the bendigo post office, l c bennetts, mt alexander post office, porcupine inn, cenotaph, pike or pyke, baby health centre, sandhurst post office, government survey office, queen elizabeth oval, sandhurst trustees company, mr h b briston, savings bank, telegraph office, the sub-treasury, sir henry brougham lock kcb, sir john nimmo mla, prince of wales group of mines, the new prince of wales, eaglehawk golf links, new prince of wales no 2, the whip and jersey, mines department, lansell's big 180, new chum and victoria mine and battery, new chum railway, koch's pioneer, south new moon, catherine reef united, new moon, the virginia, south bell vue, central nell gwynne, north nell gwynne, miner's phthisis, hercules engine house, ironbark, new chum syncline, hercules energetic, roberts & sons, harkness & co, horwoods, great southern, ulster, carlisle, lansells big 180, victoria quartz, new st mungo, duchess tribute, south devonshire, hopewell mine, saxby mine, mcnair & co, shamrock, mr king, burke and wills expedition, sandhurst hotel, courthouse, hiberian, the freemasons, the courthouse, the commercial law courts, the hamburg, the european, the prince bismark, the lord kitchener, the bendigo, the rosalind park, the showgrounds, atheneum club, olivers, bridge hotel, bourkes, the globe, the hibernia, albert, albion, abbotts, australian, belvidere, beehive, british queen, black eagle, british and american, brian boru, bakers arms, butchers arms, brick layers arms, bull and mouth, cresent, clarence, back creek bridge, cape clear, crooked billet, cambridgeshire arms, camp, coach and horses, cricketers arms, diggers rest, ellesmere, five lions, franklyn, golden square, golden gate, golden gully, golden age, golden vine, gumtree, glasgow reef, great britain, haymarket, daniel o'connell, half way house, fleece inn, ironbark, johnsons reef, lancashire, live and let live, manchester arms, gold mines, metropolitan, crown, national, new chum, honeysuckle street, pavilion, napier arms, quartz miners arms, retreat inn, rainbow, rose of australia, lake view, robin hood, fountain, southern cross, bath, berlin, spring gully, star, sir charles hotham, silvermines, royal oak, suburban, town hall, temperance, ship inn, view point, view bend, victoria, exchange, american, arcade, belfast, all nations, union, united kingdom, union jack, westend, washington, waterloo, wellington, whitehorse, wheat sheaf, yorkshire, niagra, noahs ark

Cast iron mercury bucket, used to hold mercury, potentially in the process of recovering minute pieces of gold mixed in soil and sediments. See research page for description of one process of using mercury to extract gold.gold mines, mining equipment, mercury bucket, miners used mercury in a number of ways to amalgamate gold, with each mill or battery operator having their preferred method depending on the nature of the ore. by the late 1850s the most common way of crushing goldbearing quartz ores or consolidated alluvial cements was in a stamp battery. the battery featured heavy iron stamp heads held in a frame, with each head often weighing up to 500 pounds (226 kg) or more (see msv 1880, page 45) (birrell 2005). stamp heads were lifted and dropped by a rotating overhead cam shaft driven by a steam engine or water wheel. ore was fed into a large cast-iron battery box, mixed with a steady stream of water, and pulverised by the stamp heads. in some batteries, mercury was placed in the base of the boxes to amalgamate with freed gold. the violent agitation of the mercury in the mortar box, however, could cause the mercury to break into myriad tiny globules that were carried away by the water with the tailings, thus losing a certain amount of gold in the process (thompson 1867; ritchie & hooker 1997). the water and sand slurry was splashed by the falling stamps from the box through fine mesh screens and onto inclined wooden tables below the mortar box (figure 2). the tables were covered with copper sheets or plates coated with mercury, which caught and amalgamated with a portion of the gold. the grey putty-like amalgam was periodically scraped off the sheets and retorted in a furnace to collect the gold and recover the mercury for reuse. mercury was inevitably lost from the plates, while poor maintenance resulted in further losses of gold and mercury in the tailings. mercury use and loss from gold mining in 19th century victoria. peter davies1, susan lawrence, and jodi turnbull, department of archaeology and history, la trobe university.

Copy of page 52 from a book. Mentioned are nuggets of gold. Some large Bendigo nuggets and their weight in ounces are mentioned, but no names of the nuggets. Some yields from shaft mining are also mentioned. The Pearl Mine and the Victoria Quartz did a lot of work without sighting any gold, while nearby at the Wittschiebe shaft there was a good find. There is also a short piece about the Pearl Mine Battery. It belongs to photo that was on the next page.bendigo, history, long gully history group, the long gully history group - gold mining, hustlers hill, victoria hill, st laurence court, anglo-german, pearl mine, victoria quartz, wittschiebe shaft, new chum reef, danger hill, belltopper hill