Pen-wipers or pen-cleaners were invented to prolong the usefulness of their pens by keeping them clean and dry between uses. This helped to prevent rusting of the nib from water-based inks. In the 1890s and 1900s, with the rise of the fountain pen, pen-cleaners remained a popular desktop accessory, since they could still be used to wipe away the excess ink from the nib and feed of a pen, once it had been refilled in an inkwell. Pen-cleaners died out in the second half of the 1900s when people started using ballpoint pens.This item is from Raper Collection donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Mrs. Jean Raper. A blue/mauve glass bowl on 6 petal shaped metal feet. It contains a central black brush which was used to clean the ink from metal pen nibs.domestic items, writing implements, pen and ink

Leather pen case, containing writing equipment, possibly used by early surveyor or draftsmanCylindrical leather case containing bottles for ink and sand, holders for pens, nibs, etc. Red leather lining. Ruler, bone-spreader, ivory and brass seal, and pen-holder included. Brass external clasps.writing equipment, writing cases

This pocket knife was one of many pocket knives recovered from the Schomberg over one hundred years after it was wrecked. When the ship Schomberg was launched in 1855, she was considered the most perfect clipper ship ever to be built. James Blaine’s Black Ball Line had commissioned her to be built for their fleet of passenger liners. At a cost of £43,103, the Aberdeen builders designed her to sail faster than the quick clippers designed by North American Donald McKay. She was a three-masted wooden clipper ship, built with diagonal planking of British oat with layers of Scottish larch. This luxury vessel was designed to transport emigrants to Melbourne in superior comfort. She had ventilation ducts to provide air to the lower decks and a dining saloon, smoking room, library and bathrooms for the first-class passengers. At the launch of Schomberg’s maiden voyage, her master Captain ‘Bully’ Forbes, drunkenly predicted that he would make the journey between Liverpool and Melbourne in 60 days. Schomberg departed Liverpool on 6 October 1855 with 430 passengers and 3000 tons of cargo including iron rails and equipment intended the build the Geelong Railway and a bridge over the Yarra from Melbourne to Hawthorn. The winds were poor as Schomberg sailed across the equator, slowing her journey considerably. She was 78 days out of Liverpool when she ran aground on a sand spit near Peterborough, Victoria, on 27 December; the sand spit and the currents were not marked on Forbes’s map. Overnight, the crew launched a lifeboat to find a safe place to land the ship’s passengers. The scouting party returned to Schomberg and advised Forbes that it was best to wait until morning because the rough seas could easily overturn the small lifeboats. The ship’s Chief Officer spotted SS Queen at dawn and signalled the steamer. The master of the SS Queen approached the stranded vessel and all of Schomberg’s passengers were able to disembark safely. The Black Ball Line’s Melbourne agent sent a steamer to retrieve the passengers’ baggage from the Schomberg. Other steamers helped unload her cargo until the weather changed and prevented the salvage teams from accessing the ship. Local merchants Manifold & Bostock bought the wreck and cargo but did not attempt to salvage the cargo still on board the ship. They eventually sold it on to a Melbourne businessman and two seafarers. After two of the men drowned when they tried to reach Schomberg, salvage efforts were abandoned.32 In 1975, divers from Flagstaff Hill, including Peter Ronald, found an ornate communion set at the wreck. The set comprised a jug, two chalices, a plate and a lid. The lid did not fit any of the other objects and in 1978 a piece of the lid broke off, revealing a glint of gold. As museum staff carefully examined the lid and removed marine growth, they found a diamond ring, which is currently on display in the Great Circle Gallery.33 Flagstaff Hill also holds ship fittings and equipment, personal effects, a lithograph, tickets and photographs from the Schomberg. Most of the artefacts were salvaged from the wreck by Peter Ronald, former director of Flagstaff Hill.The Schomberg, which is on the Victorian Heritage Register (VHR S612), has great historical significance as a rare example of a large, fast clipper ship on the England to Australia run, carrying emigrants at the time of the Victorian gold rush. She represents the technical advances made to break sailing records between Europe and Australia. Flagstaff Hill’s collection of artefacts from the Schomberg is significant for its association with the shipwreck. The collection is primarily significant because of the relationship between the objects, as together they have a high potential to interpret the story of the Schomberg. It is archaeologically significant as the remains of an international passenger Ship. It is historically significant for representing aspects of Victoria’s shipping history and for its association with the shipwreck and the ship, which was designed to be fastest and most luxurious of its day Pocket knife, incomplete. Surface has encrustations. Layers of the parts of the knife are visitle.. It was recovered from the wreck of the Schomberg. warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, schomberg, shipwrecked-artefact, clipper ship, black ball line, 1855 shipwreck, aberdeen clipper ship, captain forbes, peterborough shipwreck, ss queen, pocket knife, knife

A draw knife is a hand tool that has a long straight blade between two handles. As implied by its name. it is drawn like a knife across the wood. It is used to prepare the timber for the next step of the process, removing loose wood and bark and giving a start to making the wood into a round or cylindrical shape. Then a finer smoother finish is given with a spokeshave, which has a shorter, curved blade. A draw knife could be used for the wooden spokes for cart, wagon and carriage wheels as well as for ladder staves and ship wheels. Features of a good draw knife include tight handles, a blade with plenty of metal to it and a blade length of 20 to 24 centimetres. This draw knife was likely made at least 150 years ago by C Johnson of Sheffield, who used the Trade Mark “C.J.” within a flag. Christopher Johnson began work as a cutler, making knives, pocket knives and tableware in his works at Howard Street in Sheffield. In the book ‘Hand-Saw Makers of Britain by Schaeffer and McConnel, Johnson is listed in 1855 as a saw maker. A later reference has the business name of Johnson & Company, Sheffield in 1879-1882. Australia was one of the company’s markets. The company continued until its closure in 1955.This draw knife is significant for being made in Sheffield, a location famous for steel and silver manufacturers. It is significant because of its age, being made no later than 1879, which is the time period of our maritime Village. It is a tool most suitable for the blacksmith's or a ship' smith's workshop for making spokes for the wheels of wagons and carts, and for making ship's wheels.. It is also significant for being made by C Johnson, who was well known for his good workmanship. Draw knife; flat cast steel fixed blade with rotating wooden handles each end. Round bulbous handles have two parallel scored lines around the end furthest from the blade and a brass collar between the handle and blade. A logo and inscription are cast into the centre front of the blade. Made by C Johnson. of Sheffield.Cast into steel blade: Sideways Image “C.J.” within {flag}, “JOHNSON / CAST STEEL”flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, spokes, wagon maker, blacksmith, cart maker, cart wheel maker, blacksmith tool, wagon wheel, c johnson, sheffield, wheelright, craftsman, woodwork, carriage wheel, ship wheels, shipwright, wooden spokes, ladder staves, draw knife

This is a simple household labour-saving device. The box was fitted to the end of the table and knife polish was sprinkled on the cloth inside. The knife was then placed in the centre of the box and clamped in tightly. The knife was then pulled backwards and forwards several times (three seconds was the suggested time) and the object was then deemed to be polished. All households had cutlery of some sort and many had good silver pieces that were meant to be kept in a sparkling polished condition. This cleaner would have assisted those in a household assigned to the care of the cutlery. These would have included the women of the household, the children or domestic employees. This item is retained as an interesting example of a household labour-saving device from 100 years ago. This is a circular wooden box with an extra piece at one end of the base and a sliding top lid with a wooden knob. The lid lifts up and the inside of the box and the lid is covered with rough cloth. Some of this cloth has rotted away. The top of the lid has a printed label pasted on. This is torn and soiled. ‘Patent The Magic Knife and Fork Cleaner’ ‘I am handy and useful where’r I am used, To clean knives and forks brightly I never refuse, In mansion or cottage to both I do go, So buy me, and try me, my worth you will know.’ household devices, history of warrnambool

Mother of pearl finish on pocket knife blade. Knife blade.pocket knife, mother of pearl

This knife and scabbard belongs to Lindsay Fankhouser, who wore it on his ankle when he served as an engineer/ crewman in the RAAF (Iroquois and Hercules) during the Vietnam war. He used this knife many times a day while he was serving. It is a brown leather knife sheath, with a decorative front and two canvas straps attached at the back. The shorter strap is located at the bottom of the sheath and the longer strap is located just below the belt loop. Both straps are fixed in place with stitching. The top strap has a square of stitching, while the bottom strap has two lines of stitching that follows the stitching of the sheath. The belt loop is at the top of sheath and is a fixed flap of leather that is folded across the top and also holds the handle of the knife in place using a circular hole that fits around the butt of the knife. The bottom canvas strap has three adjustable brass male press studs on the left side as well as the fixed female one on the right. The top canvas strap has four adjustable brass male press studs on the right side as well as as the fixed female one on the right. The sheath is held together by stitching and five iron rivets. There is one on the point of the sheath, two on either side of the top, and two more 51mm below the top two. 46mm above the sheath, there are another two iron rivets on either side. Above that on the holding flap, there are two iron rivets just above the circular hole on either side. On the flap, around the hole there are three brass flat-headed split pins, one on either side and one on the front. At the top of the sheath, above the decorative embossing, there is a dark brown jagged cut strip of fixed leather. All the leather on the object is a reddish-brown, while the canvas and stitching is light beige. The end stitching on the canvas straps is dark grey. The front of the sheath is polished leather, while the back is rough.On back of belt loop flap, there is an embossd manufactuing patent number; PATENT Nr152.463 On face of the sheaf there embossed decoration. It depicts a lion with stylised decorative foliage and above the lion there is a fleur de lise. Above that it reads Soallingen Norge.norway, norge, soallingen, knife, small knife, hunting, scabbard, sheath, vietnam, lindsay fankhouser, raaf

Knife, Clasp, with Marline Spike and Tin Opener, manufactured in England to the Standard Pattern 6353/1905, as modified in 1913 with specific dimensions to the tin opener. This pattern was used by British forces, and was one of the patterns issued to members of the Australian Infantry Force during WW1. This pattern was used up until the late 1930s, where it was superseded by other patterns.Knife, Clasp, with Marlin Spike and Tin Opener, manufactured to the standard British pattern 6353/1905, as modified in 1913 with changed dimensions for the tin opener. The hilt of the knife has two chequered pattern sides secured by five metal rivets. The underside of the hilt has two recesses to allow storage of the blade and the tin opener. A tapered steel Marline spike is mounted on the other side of the hilt, pivoting at the opposite end to the blade and tin opener. A copper wire shackle is also secured at this end of the hilt that was used to attach the knife to a lanyard or belt clip. A fingernail indentation is located near the top of one side of the blade. The tin opener has bevelled edges tapered to a point on one side, with a steel post mounted in the middle of the other side.J. CLARKE & SON SHEFFIELDknife, clasp, ww1, steel, marline spike, australian infantry force, milirary

Note by T.H. Kneen 13 May 1992, "The Poultry Pens photographed in this and succeeding photos B91.310-311 were located east of the milking shed and were remnants of early facilities for small farm instruction."Black and white photograph.Poultry Pens with 2 hens visible.One of a group of photographs inscribed, "Xmas break-up December 1941."1941, poultry pens, egg-laying competition, small farm instruction, poultry

Hand made pens are for display for people to look at to bye as a gift and for sale at weekends markets and for specal gifts.hand made pens out of acrylic brown swerll & white with black swell with gold fittingshand madepen, pens,

Undated page of VBBC Constitution and By-Laws with pen marks under section referring that 'the President shall be elected annually but should not (underlined from this point onwards) remain in office for more than two consecutive years."1 page of typewritten constitution and by-laws with pen marksnon-fictionelizabeth maxwell, neil maxwell, victorian blind bowls club

This medical instrument was used in the Tawonga District General Hospital which was built in the 1950s specifically for the increase in population due to the Kiewa Hydro Scheme.Historial: Shows the development of scientific hospital equipment. Provenance: Used in the Tawonga District General Hospital which was remote and therefore required good equipment.In wooden box with a sliding lid. Silver knife held by 2 wooden pieces with slots for knife to fit. Knife is surrounded by cotton wool. Knife is flat with wavy sides. Blade is flat with point.medical instrument. hospital equipment. tawonga. mt beauty. skin graft., knife. doctor

This pocket knife was one of many pocket knives recovered from the Schomberg over one hundred years after it was wrecked. When the ship Schomberg was launched in 1855, she was considered the most perfect clipper ship ever to be built. James Blaine’s Black Ball Line had commissioned her to be built for their fleet of passenger liners. At a cost of £43,103, the Aberdeen builders designed her to sail faster than the quick clippers designed by North American Donald McKay. She was a three-masted wooden clipper ship, built with diagonal planking of British oat with layers of Scottish larch. This luxury vessel was designed to transport emigrants to Melbourne in superior comfort. She had ventilation ducts to provide air to the lower decks and a dining saloon, smoking room, library and bathrooms for the first-class passengers. At the launch of Schomberg’s maiden voyage, her master Captain ‘Bully’ Forbes, drunkenly predicted that he would make the journey between Liverpool and Melbourne in 60 days. Schomberg departed Liverpool on 6 October 1855 with 430 passengers and 3000 tons of cargo including iron rails and equipment intended the build the Geelong Railway and a bridge over the Yarra from Melbourne to Hawthorn. The winds were poor as Schomberg sailed across the equator, slowing her journey considerably. She was 78 days out of Liverpool when she ran aground on a sand spit near Peterborough, Victoria, on 27 December; the sand spit and the currents were not marked on Forbes’s map. Overnight, the crew launched a lifeboat to find a safe place to land the ship’s passengers. The scouting party returned to Schomberg and advised Forbes that it was best to wait until morning because the rough seas could easily overturn the small lifeboats. The ship’s Chief Officer spotted SS Queen at dawn and signalled the steamer. The master of the SS Queen approached the stranded vessel and all of Schomberg’s passengers were able to disembark safely. The Black Ball Line’s Melbourne agent sent a steamer to retrieve the passengers’ baggage from the Schomberg. Other steamers helped unload her cargo until the weather changed and prevented the salvage teams from accessing the ship. Local merchants Manifold & Bostock bought the wreck and cargo but did not attempt to salvage the cargo still on board the ship. They eventually sold it on to a Melbourne businessman and two seafarers. After two of the men drowned when they tried to reach Schomberg, salvage efforts were abandoned.32 In 1975, divers from Flagstaff Hill, including Peter Ronald, found an ornate communion set at the wreck. The set comprised a jug, two chalices, a plate and a lid. The lid did not fit any of the other objects and in 1978 a piece of the lid broke off, revealing a glint of gold. As museum staff carefully examined the lid and removed marine growth, they found a diamond ring, which is currently on display in the Great Circle Gallery.33 Flagstaff Hill also holds ship fittings and equipment, personal effects, a lithograph, tickets and photographs from the Schomberg. Most of the artefacts were salvaged from the wreck by Peter Ronald, former director of Flagstaff Hill.The Schomberg, which is on the Victorian Heritage Register (VHR S612), has great historical significance as a rare example of a large, fast clipper ship on the England to Australia run, carrying emigrants at the time of the Victorian gold rush. She represents the technical advances made to break sailing records between Europe and Australia. Flagstaff Hill’s collection of artefacts from the Schomberg is significant for its association with the shipwreck. The collection is primarily significant because of the relationship between the objects, as together they have a high potential to interpret the story of the Schomberg. It is archaeologically significant as the remains of an international passenger Ship. It is historically significant for representing aspects of Victoria’s shipping history and for its association with the shipwreck and the ship, which was designed to be fastest and most luxurious of its day Pocket knife section, incomplete, parts have broken away. Metal decoration is on the ends and in the centre of the knife. It was recovered from the wreck of the Schomberg. warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, schomberg, shipwrecked-artefact, clipper ship, black ball line, 1855 shipwreck, aberdeen clipper ship, captain forbes, peterborough shipwreck, ss queen, pocket knife, knife

Box of dip pen nibs made by William Mitchell Calligraphy dating back to late 19th or early 20th century when dip pens with steel nibs were the main writing instruments. The pen nibs are shaped to fit into a slot in the base of a wooden or Bakelite pen holder. The hole at the front of the nib is for collecting ink from a well, which is then stored in a reservoir at the back of the nib. The nibs are stamped with their nib size and Pedigree (what type of nib it is) and maker’s details. William Mitchell Calligraphy still makes these nibs today with a slightly difference finish. (ref: Sales and Marketing Director of William Mitchell Calligraphy in 2016). HISTORY of the Ink Pen Quills and ink were common writing tools until the early 19th century when the pen trade began mass producing steel nibs and pens. The steel nibs each have a hole in the middle that acts like a well for the ink. When the nib is dipped into the ink well the writer needs to ensure that it is dipped to only just past that well. India Ink was one of the most popular inks used with the nib pens, notable for its satin-like smooth flow. This ink is composed of a particularly fine carbon mixed with water; it can also be obtained as a dry stick that is then crushed and mixed with water as required. The Jewellery Quarter of Birmingham had the largest concentration of independent jewellers in Europe. Birmingham became the centre of the world’s pen trade for many years -, during the 1800’s over 100 factories, employing 1000s of skilled workers, manufactured the ‘Birmingham Pen’. ABOUT WILLIAM MITCHELL CALLIGRAPHY LTD.* (*The following text is quoted from the William Mitchell Calligraphy website) British based William Mitchell Calligraphy has been designing and manufacturing exceptional pens for almost 200 years. The William Mitchell heritage in making pen nibs began whilst working with his brother John Mitchell in the early 1820s. William Mitchell established his own business in 1825 to become one of the leading nib manufacturers and famous for lettering pens. Almost 100 years later William Mitchell merged with Hinks, Wells & Co, another pen manufacturer, to form British Pens, employing around 1000 people in the Bearwood Road area of Birmingham. During the early 1960s British Pens acquired the pen business of other pen manufacturers Perry & Co and John Mitchell, once again reuniting the two brothers. Joseph Gillott, who were famous for their artist drawing and mapping nibs, amalgamated with British pens in 1969. William Mitchell and Joseph Gillott established in Birmingham during the early part of the nineteenth century and [their products] are still proudly made here. British Pens were subsequently purchased by its current owner Byron Head, the owner of William Mitchell (Sinkers) in 1982, and was subsequently renamed William Mitchell (calligraphy) Ltd. Established in 1827 Joseph Gillott was one of the pioneers of mass steel pen nib manufacturing. The company was particularly strong in the American market, prompting Elihu Burrit, the American consul, to write “In ten thousand school houses across the American continent between two oceans, a million children are as familiarly acquainted with Joseph Gillott as with Noah Webster” (The compiler of the famous American dictionary). The company consequently received visits from many notable Americans, including president Ulysses S Grant. Email on file, from Mike Chappell, Sales and Marketing Manager, William Mitchell Calligraphy, “20161122 - William Mitchell re pen nibs” How to use a dip pen to create modern calligraphy, https://thepostmansknock.com/how-to-use-a-dip-pen-to-create-modern-calligraphy/ India Ink, Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India_ink birmingham Pen Trade, Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birmingham_pen_trade The Pen Museum, http://penmuseum.org.uk/ The early 19th century invention and later mass production of pen nibs such these in our collection had a large impact on education and literacy because the nibs could be produced in great numbers and affordable prices.Box of patent Mitchell nibs containing 48 "Pedigree" nibs. Box depicts picture of William Mitchell on lid, and picture of nib pen on lid and side. Made in Birmingham, England. Nib “0505 Wm MITCHELLS PEDIGREE ENGLAND” Box “PEDIGREE / MAINFOLD SLIP”, “WILLIAM MITCHELL / BIRM - - - - - - LOND” flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, william mitchell calligraphy ltd, pen nib, writing implement, writing accessories, dip pen, birmingham manufacturer, communication in writing, mass produced pen nibs

Pen and ink drawing of the J.R. Geigy mill in Basle, Switzerland. Pen and ink drawing, mounted and framed with black wooden frame. Title written in ink below image. Framer's details on label pasted on reverse.textile mills, j.r. geigy soc. an.

WW2 Government and Defence Issued cutlery. WW2 1940-1945 circa.5 pieces of cutlery consisting of : 1 x bread and butter knife steel, silver plate, Australian coat of arms on handle, no makers brand. 1 x dinner knife steel, silver plate, Rising Sun inscription on handle, made by Grosvenor. 1 x dinner fork steel, silver plate, Rising Sun inscription on handle, made by Grosvenor. 1 x table spoon steel, silver plate, Australian Coat of Arms on handle, made by Hacker. 1 x teaspoon steel, silver plate, Australian Coat of Arms on handle, made by Stanley Rogers and son. Bread and butter knife has Australian Coat of Arms on handle. Dinner Knife has the Rising Sun emblem on the handle and made by Grosvenor engraved on the back of the blade. Dinner fork has the Rising Sun Emblem on the handle and made by Grosvenor engraved on the back of the blade. Table spoon has the Australian Coat of Arms on the handle, and made by Hacker engraved on the back of the handle stem. teaspoon has the Australian Coat of Arms on the handle and made by Stanley Rogers engraved on the back of the handle stem. ww2, cutlery australian coat of arms, cutlery rising sun inscribed, 5 pieces of cutlery assorted

Appears as an illustration in, "Green Grows Our Garden," A.P. Winzenried p 59.Sepia photograph of the Plant Research Laboratory/Institute after completion, and of surrounding landscaping and driveway. Poultry pens in the background on the right.Pen lines and writing on reverseplant research laboratory, green grows our garden, a.p. winzenried, plant research institute, landscaping, poultry pens

Discusses the exploitation of architecture in commercial signage; the use of architecture as signage can prove disturbing and a threat to curating an architectural style; argument reads like a reflection on Scott Brown and Venturi's Duck and the Decorated Shed.This is the original manuscript of a presentation to Victorian Employers Federation Franchising Seminar. Discussion of Fishbowl, 11.3.1971. It includes notes for slides.Typewritten. Major pencil and pen edits and additions (in one copy), quarto, 7 pages. (Two copies)One copy with annotations in pen and pencilfranchises, franchise buildings, advertising architecture, signage, fishbowl, colonel sanders, robin boyd, manuscript

Written by Rosie Bray telling the story of her father Tom Thrupp, a member of the 2/4 Australian Field Regiment, who was killed in Egypt in 1941. The 2/4 Australian Field Regiment Association was wound up in 2022 with the death of the last surviving soldier from the regiment.1 page print both sides colour image, laminated includes penOn pen 2/4th Field Regimen t Assoc.tom thrupp, world war ii, 2/4 australian field regiment