Worldwide, more than 100 million lambs are castrated, and their tails are docked each year. Numnuts is a technological innovation to improve animal welfare. It combines traditions with innovation. In the mid-1990s it was scientifically shown that the immense pain felt during castration and tail docking could be significantly reduced with the use of anaesthetic. For the next 15 years, the industry said the cost the welfare devices and development were too high. But todays ethical consumer has demanded that sheep have no more pain. Initiated in Glasgow in 2009, Numnuts took nearly a decade to develop. Here you can see five stages of development, from an early prototype to the Numnuts device farmers use today. Each phase of development took years of on-farm trails to achieve the final product. Today there is even NumOcaine, an approved local anaesthetic used by Numnuts. Using the simple elastrator ring and adding an anaesthetic injector, Numnuts delivers pain relief during tail docking and castration. In the world’s first rubber ring applicator with a pain relief delivery mechanism. Through innovation and consumer pressure the wool industry is going through a moment of rapid change.Four prototype numnuts tools made from white plastic and stainless steel, each in varying stages of production. FInalised version made with black, orange and clear plastics.8097.2 - Mk4 8097.3 - Numnuts Tool V7; 20 10 0 8097.4 - On label - Numnuts NumOcaine 100ml 65 proceeduressheep, tools, castration, innovation, docking

Note from collector- "For more than 100 years blankets were made all over Australia in over 100 woollen mills. My aim, is to preserve 100 examples of these wonderful pieces of history. Ten years ago I started collecting the iconic Onkaparinga travel rugs, so that on movie nights at home there would be plenty to go around. Everyone had their favourite; even the cat had his own – a small red tartan one. Keeping an eye out for those travel rugs at op-shops and markets, collectable stores and bazaars, led to noticing vintage blankets. I'd never really thought about them before or paid much attention though of course I had grown up with them at my grandmother's. When I discovered my first Laconia cream blanket with blue stripes, my eyes just went gaga. Well that was it, I was hooked and since then over 500 blankets have passed through my hands. These common, everyday items, found in all households for so many decades, were traditional engagement gifts. Pairs were prized wedding presents turning into family heirlooms. They were fashionable dressers of beds, givers of warmth, bestowers of security and reliability. The comfort found in these objects resonates with almost all of us; we grew up with them ourselves or fondly recall them in a grandparent’s home. There is no modern replacement with the integrity of these old blankets, many of them now older than most of us. They are romantic, sensible, special, familiar, nostalgic and nothing else feels so appropriate in so many situations. No offense to the great Aussie doona, but from hippie to hipster, at a music festival, picnic, campsite or couch, a vintage blanket is something coveted by all. This industry that employed tens of thousands and must have been such a huge contributor to the economy is almost completely lost now. Blanket Fever is an ode to everything that came before: the land, the sheep, the shearers, the hands, the mills, the weavers, the designers, the distributors, the department stores. To the grandparents that gave them, the people that received them, the families that kept them; thank you. I’m passionate about my collection of Australian blankets manufactured in mostly Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania from the 1930s to the end of the 1960s. The collection has blankets from each of these four decades representing the styles and fashions of their time and includes dated advertisements which help determine the eras the blankets are from." Advertisement, Castlemaine pure virgin wool blankets (mother and daughter)"-and they'll be just as lovely 20 years from now/Castlemaine pure virgin wool blankets/Australia's finest since 1875wool, blankets, blanket fever, advertisement, australian women's weekly, castlemaine

Wreath laying ceremony for Legacy widows at the Cenotaph at the Shrine of Remembrance. This is an annual event for Legacy widows at the start of Legacy Week, which is the first week in September. The photos shows the Melbourne Legacy President Graham Riches and two Legacy Widows with wreaths near the Cenotaph and the crowd gathered at the Eternal Flame. Graham Riches was President in 1999 so the event is assumed to be in that year. The lady in the purple jacket is Joan Miller and the other is unknown.A record of a ceremony at the Shrine in 1999.Colour photo x 3 of a ceremony at the Shrine in 1999.00552.1 printing on the back "20", which is the negative frame number. 00552.2 printing on the back "21". 00552.3 printing on the back "19".widows, widows' sunday, wreath laying ceremony, pilgrimage

Golden Square High School in the city of Bendigo, was established in temporary accommodation at Camp Hill Primary School in central Bendigo in 1960. With the completion of the new school's buildings, it moved to Golden Square in 1962, providing for Forms 1 to 6, now known as years 7 to 12. In 1978 it became a 7–10 school and was one of the original feeder schools to Bendigo Senior High School. In 1986, a Hearing Impaired Unit was established and in 1990 it underwent a name change to become Golden Square Secondary College. The Golden Square Secondary College campus closed on 28 November 2008. It merged with Kangaroo Flat and Flora Hill secondary colleges as part of the implementation of the Bendigo Education Plan. Its buildings were demolished. (Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Square_Secondary_College) This uniform collection belonged to Anna Matthews, daughter of the donor, who attended GSSC as part of the last group enrolled before the school closed in 2008. Golden Square Secondary College dark green school jumper with V neck and raglan sleeves. GSSC red, green, yellow and white logo on LHS."DUX by DOBSONS" "Ph. 03 9819 1122" "Size 14" Reverse tag "80 % Wool 20 % Nylon. Washing instructions.gssc, golden square secondary college, uniform, bendigo education plan., jumper

This image was taken on 31 August 1936 on the opening day of sales for the 1936-1937 season. Approximately 300 wool buyers are present. The image belonged to Wilhelm Eckels who worked for 43 years in the wool industry. Wilhelm arrived in Australia from Germany in 1937, and the image taken before his arrival. Over his career, Wilhelm worked for a number of wool buying firms and also had his own business. Some of these businesses failed and he had to move to other firms, it is assumed he took this image with him while leaving one of these companies.Black and white photograph showing approximately 300 wool buyers waiting for the start of the day's bidding at Sydney Wool Sales, 1936.Lettering: Opening Day of Sydney Wool Sales Season 1936 - 1937 31.8.36 Hall Studio 20 Hunter Street Sydneywool sales, 1936 - 1937

Introduced in 1974, the Braille Book of the Year was created to both acknowledge excellence in writing as well as raise the profile of Braille books. In 1995, the award was won by 'Goodbye Girlie' by Patsy Adam Smith. The Bathurst Award for Narrator of the Year award went to Beverley Dunn for the audio version of the same. Presentations were made by Rose Blustein, Patsy Adam Smith and Beverley Dunn at the Malthouse.8 colour photographs of the eventJ614/20 J615/8 J614/6 J615/18 J614/9 J614/5 J615/2 J614/4awards, association for the blind, patsy adam smith, beverley dunn, rose blustein, james condon, rebecca maxwell

The Kodak powders inside this tin were used in the production of dry plate photography. Dry plate photography was a photographic technology invented by R.L. Maddox in 1871. Images were captured on a glass plate covered in a gelatin emulsion, which acted as a photographic negative. A negative could then be stored to develop at a later time in a dark room. The introduction of this technology allowed for greater flexibility in photographic practice outside of indoor studios, as earlier wet plate photographic technology required immediate exposure and development. Dry plate photography was superseded by the invention of celluloid film in the early twentieth century.This item forms part of a significant and representative historical collection which reflects the local history of Wodonga. It contributes to our understanding of social life in early twentieth century Wodonga, as well as providing interpretative capacity for themes including local history, social history, and the history of photography.A silver toned alloy tin with hinged lid. Inside are two packets of Kodak brand dry plate developer powder. On face of tin lid "20 BELLMETAL REEDS/B.C DUNLOP SYSTEM/CRACKAJACK/HAND FITTED AND TURNED/MADE IN (SENIOR) GERMANY"photography, wet plate photography, dry plate photography, photos, haeusler collection, history of photography, historical photographs, technology, wodonga

Celebrations for the 80th Anniversary of Legacy were held in the grounds of Government House in 2003. Photos include the President David Ford speaking to the crowd and some of the junior Legatees with disabilities. The note with the photos says: "Legacy's 80th Anniversary Function Over 1200 people recently attended Legacy's 80th Anniversary Function. The sun streaming through the picturesque garden surroundings at Government House contributed to the success of the day. Many of the guests enjoyed catching to the success of the day. Many of the guests enjoyed catching up with friends and acquaintances that go back a long way. Some had not seen each other for decades and there was much excitement renewing old friendships. The guests were entertained by The Royal Australian Navy Jazz Ensemble and the MC was David Mann from Radio 3AW." See also 00989, 00990 and 00992. The President's report that is published with the Annual Report says: "President David Ford said in his address 'Let us all just recognise what a unique and enduring family we belong to. it is based on personal effort and dedication from everyone belonging to it. It has been giving that service for 80 years now and I am confident that it will continue to flourish for as long as support to dependents of departed veterans is required."The Anniversary celebrations were held at Government house due to the close relationship with the Governor of Victoria as patron of Legacy.Colour photo x 13 of 80th Anniversary celebration at Government House and an article in the President's report.Printed on the back 80th anniversary, government house party, events

Photos of Legacy Widows at a luncheon function after the Widows Sunday ceremony at the Shrine and a service at St Patrick's Cathedral. This is an annual event for Legacy widows at the start of Legacy Week, which is the first week in September. It is also known as pilgrimage to the Shrine. The photos show tables of widows at lunch at the Hyatt in Collins St. Same day as other photos of 1995 (01002). A record of the Widows' Sunday events for the Legacy Week in 1995.Colour photo x 8 of Legacy Sunday, including President David Millie speaking to the ladies at the Hyatt, and an article in The Answer.Printed on the back widows, widows' sunday, pilgrimage, answer

Blue transparent plastic tubing with a clear plastic laryngeal mask attached. There is an additional fine tube threaded through the blue tubing toward the mask opening.Printed in black ink on blue plastic tube: SIZE / 2.5 / MALLINCKRODT LaryngoSeal TM / Single Use Only 20 - 30kglaryngeal mask airway, brain, archive, england, mallinckrodt, laryngoseal, endotracheal intubation

Photograph shows Tram 20 Westbound on Sturt St, just past Lydiard St. Destination is 'Gardens via Sturt St Nth'. Background shows Commonwealth Bank (Sturt & Lydiard Sts branch) and Colonial Mutual Life building. Circa mid - late 1950s. Tram 20 was severely damaged in a collision with a truck on 16/09/1970 at the intersection of Victoria & king Sts. All 3 people on board escaped with only minor injuries. No.20 was subsequently scrapped.Yields information about tram 20 in Sturt St.Black and white print on plain paper.tramcars, trams, secv, tram 20, sturt st, lydiard st, commonwealth bank, colonial mutual life

Photo of ESCo cross bench tram No. 20 and ESCo 2 at the intersection of Sturt and Lydiard Streets, with the Post Office, along with the Summerscales offices, Robbie Burns statue, Vita Studio, and George Payne Jewellers in the background. The conductor on the rear of No. 2 is holding the trolley rope, while the driver of No. 20 is watching the road closely. The conductor of the tram is reboarding or about to alight. No. 20 has the destination of Gardens via Convent. Other trams are in the background. Wal has dated the photograph about 1909. Note the point frog or pan in the overhead above No. 20 and in particular notes the type of destination box and that the tram is going to the Gardens via the Convent. See item 5132 for a copy negative and digital image.Yields information about the use of ESCo trams c1910 and the overhead.Black and white print on Kodak paper with notes on rear.See rear image.trams, tramways, esco, cross bench tram, sturt st, post office, lydiard st, tram 20, tram 2

.1) Heavy wooden base length 38 cm - stand. .2) 20 mm cannon cartridge - fired. Rimless. .3) 20 mm cannon cartridge - fired. Rimless. .4) 37mm cannon cartridge - fired. Rimless. Copper driving band of projectile stamped = Lot 766-9-1941-DP-37mm M54. .5) 37 mm cannon cartridge - fired. Rimmed. Copper driving band of projectile stamped = Lot 768-9-1941-DP-37mm M54.arms - ammunition, cartridges

Blue slip signed by H. L. Atkinson, Court Surgeon, saying Thomas Coath is unable to follow his employment and dated Nov 20/65. White note from Thomas Coath claiming sick allowance, signed by Thos Coath, Long Gully and dated November 20 65. A second white note from Thos Coath declaring himself off the sick fund, dated November 27th 1865. Signed by B. Wilcox and H. L. Atkinson.Bro Clarke, Printer 84 Moor St. Fitzroy, Thos Coath, H L Atkinsonsocieties, aof, correspondence, ancient order of foresters no 3770 collection - thomas coath, bro clarke, h l atkinson, court king of the forest

Three light brown duplicate correspondence book with green tape spine containing handwritten copies of letters to various people, Government Departments and Politicians. Pages are pink numbered duplicate page and white lined pages with Commercial Egg Producers Association letterhead. Dates written on the front cover are: 2/08/63 - 1/10/66 8/10/66 - 20/09/75 8/09/75 - 20/09/83. Sheet of blue carbon paper in the book.business, retail, the commercial egg producers' assoc, the commercial egg producers' association of victoria collection - correspondence books 2/8/63 - 1/10/66, 8/10/66 - 20/9/75 & 8/9/75 - 20/9/83.

Manufactured coin dispenser for 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 cent coins, made from black, white plastic with metal springs under each white coin support plate. Held in position by three metal screws. Manufactured by BIPA Australia. Fitted with two openings at the rear so a leather or belt strap could be passed through. There are a number of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 3d, half penny and penny coins in the unit - for display purposes only, not collected.trams, tramways, fares, cash handling, tickets

Black and white copy photograph from a Real Estate Poster of MMTB No. 20 with many passengers on board. Has the caption along the lower edge of "Proposed Electric Tram Terminus" Actual location cannot be determined. Tram in the early MMTB colour scheme. Appears that the tram in the photo has been touched up, the tram is a HTT tram, not a PMTT which it should be in terms of car numbering. The tram is not No. 20 in the MMTB listing. See Record item 6750 for the original document.trams, tramways, mmtb, tram 20

Report - 27 pages, photocopied, stapled in top left hand corner, titled "Tram Priority - How and when will it happen" written by John L Grigg, Chief Engineer MMTB, 20 April 1983. Report looks impact of traffic light controls, tram only lanes, clearways, right turns, results of tests and trials. Has many charts, graphs and diagrams. Presented 20/4/1983, at IEAust Transportation Branch meeting with Ian McDonald, City Engineer Prahran.trams, tramways, tramways, road signs, traffic lights, tram priority, traffic control

George Tibbits, University of Melbourne. Faculty of Architecture, Building and Town & Regional PlanningIndex system that support the research for Beechworth : historical reconstruction / [by] George Tibbits ... [et al]Arranged by street names of BeechworthEach index card includes: street name and number of property, image of property, allotment and section number, property owners and dates of ownership, description of the property according to rate records, property floor plan with dimensions.beechworth, george tibbitsbeechworth, george tibbits

Source: Mrs. W. Moss (nee Nink), Box 20, MonbulkThis photo forms part of a collection of photographs gathered by the Shire of Eltham for their centenary project book,"Pioneers and Painters: 100 years of the Shire of Eltham" by Alan Marshall (1971). The collection of over 500 images is held in partnership between Eltham District Historical Society and Yarra Plenty Regional Library (Eltham Library) and is now formally known as the 'The Shire of Eltham Pioneers Photograph Collection.' It is significant in being the first community sourced collection representing the places and people of the Shire's first one hundred years.Digital imagesepp, shire of eltham pioneers photograph collection, queenstown, st andrews, st andrews hotel

Source: Mrs. W. Moss (nee Nink), Box 20, MonbulkThis photo forms part of a collection of photographs gathered by the Shire of Eltham for their centenary project book,"Pioneers and Painters: 100 years of the Shire of Eltham" by Alan Marshall (1971). The collection of over 500 images is held in partnership between Eltham District Historical Society and Yarra Plenty Regional Library (Eltham Library) and is now formally known as the 'The Shire of Eltham Pioneers Photograph Collection.' It is significant in being the first community sourced collection representing the places and people of the Shire's first one hundred years.Digital imagesepp, shire of eltham pioneers photograph collection, queenstown, st andrews, ah yet, gold miners

Source: Mrs. W. Moss (nee Nink), Box 20, MonbulkThis photo forms part of a collection of photographs gathered by the Shire of Eltham for their centenary project book,"Pioneers and Painters: 100 years of the Shire of Eltham" by Alan Marshall (1971). The collection of over 500 images is held in partnership between Eltham District Historical Society and Yarra Plenty Regional Library (Eltham Library) and is now formally known as the 'The Shire of Eltham Pioneers Photograph Collection.' It is significant in being the first community sourced collection representing the places and people of the Shire's first one hundred years.Digital imagesepp, shire of eltham pioneers photograph collection, queenstown, st andrews, st andrews hotel

A back to Bacchus Marsh was held from 12 to 20 October 1957.Brown covered book of 28 pages including the official programme for back to Bacchus Marsh, 1957. The book includes an historical essay, Maddingley Brown Coal, World war 11, Darley Military Camp, Darley Firebrick Co., industrial changes and numerous advertisements. Images include: * Grant Street Avenue *St Bernard's new Parish Hall and Schoolrooms * Maddingley No. 2 Cut * Terracing at Maddingley - part of the beautification scheme at Maddingley * Hospital entrance with War memorial Feature * Old Woolpack Inn * Jim Pyke * Infant Welfare and pre-School Centre, Young St * Bacchus Marsh Main Street looking East, 1872 * Andrew George Scott, alias Captain Moonlight * Grant Street Avenue * Ballarat State School No 28 featuring the World War One Memorial Clock maddingley brown coal, world war 11, old woolpack inn, darley military camp, darley firebrick, jim pyke, andrew george scott, captain moonlite, bacchus marsh, world war, bacchus marsh state school no 28, grant street avenue, bacchus marsh war memorial hospital, bacchus marsh avenue of honour, captain bacchus

Booknon-fictionMonograph on contemporary South Australian artist Annette Bezor.gender, oil painting, essay, sexuality, identity, digital art, portraiture, laser prints

Willima Finney died on 20 May 1911, aged 60 years.Headstone for William Finney in the Warrnambool Cemetery. Includes sculptural anchor, open gates, open book, draped cloth, arch, masonic symbol.cemetery art, headstone art

A ship in fog collided with the lighthouse, it tilted 20 degrees & was eventually burnedHerald newspaper article 23June1976 re Gellibrand Lighthouse collision & burninglighthouse

Also enlarged black and white copy 20 x 25 cmSepia toned postcard probably taken from the Boat Harbour jetty, showing a distant view of the buildings on Esplanade from Maranui Guest House westwards to the Club Hotel. Person in a rowing boat on the calm waters of the lake, known as Cunninghame Arm. Lakes Entrance Victoriaguesthouses, township, waterfront

One other copy black and white 11.5 x 20 cmSepia postcard showing east and west piers and entrance from ocean - Bass Strait into Gippsland Lakes, at Lakes Entrance, Victoria. Several people on upper deck of eastern pier and on beach and boardwalk.The Piers at Lakes Entrancewaterways, piers, beaches, kiosk