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Greensborough Historical Society
Article - Article, Internet, Dolores Monet, How women's fashion can help date old photographs, by Dolores Monet, 07/07/2021
Description of women's costumes from 1860s to 1970s, illustrated by photographs from various sources.10 p. text and black and white/sepia photographswomen's costume, dating photographs, clothing, fashion, women's clothing -
Mission to Seafarers Victoria
Book, Dr Ashley's Pleasure Yacht: John Ashley, the Bristol Channel Mission and all that Followed, 2017
Institutional foundation stories have a tendency to change and develop with the passage of time and much repetition. Maritime social historian R.W.H. Miller here explores the life of The Rev. John Ashley and his association with the foundation storyof the Mission to Seafarers, the work of which society is much admired by its present Patron, HRH the Princess Royal. The traditional story is that Ashley's son, out walking by the Bristol Channel with his father, in the early 1830s, asked how the islanders could go to church. Ashley went to see, and from the islands of Flat Holm and Steep Holm seeing large fleets of wind bound ships, asked himself the same question. He used his own money (deriving mainly from the trade of sugar and slaves) to build a schooner, which he sailed in all weathers to provide an answer, in the process creating for himself a place in the ancestry of several Anglican and Catholic societies, of which the Mission to Seafarers, the Royal National Mission to Deep Sea Fishermen, and the Apostleship of the Sea, continue to provide seafarers with a valued and often heroic service.A 123-page book by R.W.H. Miller with a monochrome coloured cover featuring the British Channel Mission's signal flags and the Bristol Channel Mission Cutter Eirene. non-fictionInstitutional foundation stories have a tendency to change and develop with the passage of time and much repetition. Maritime social historian R.W.H. Miller here explores the life of The Rev. John Ashley and his association with the foundation storyof the Mission to Seafarers, the work of which society is much admired by its present Patron, HRH the Princess Royal. The traditional story is that Ashley's son, out walking by the Bristol Channel with his father, in the early 1830s, asked how the islanders could go to church. Ashley went to see, and from the islands of Flat Holm and Steep Holm seeing large fleets of wind bound ships, asked himself the same question. He used his own money (deriving mainly from the trade of sugar and slaves) to build a schooner, which he sailed in all weathers to provide an answer, in the process creating for himself a place in the ancestry of several Anglican and Catholic societies, of which the Mission to Seafarers, the Royal National Mission to Deep Sea Fishermen, and the Apostleship of the Sea, continue to provide seafarers with a valued and often heroic service.cutter, eirene, shipping, r.w.h. miller, mission to seamen, seafarers welfare, reverend john ashley (1801-1886) -
Mission to Seafarers Victoria
Print - Engraving, The Chapel For Seamen, c. 1818
The text reads: "This Print Represents The Chapel for Seamen... Port of London Society... Instituted March 18th 1818... Chapel for Seamen is moored off Wapping Stairs in the River Thames. View of the Interior (inset)"Excerpt from the autobiography of Robert Humphrey Marten (1763-1839) which he wrote at the request of his children on his 60th birthday. (As far as the donor's knowledge it only circulates within the family, so some of these details may not be recorded elsewhere about how the Mission to the Seafarers began. --------- Robert Humphrey Marten (1763-1839) left school at the age of about 14 to be employed in a “Counting House” in the City of London. Unfortunately, before the five years of his apprenticeship expired, the merchant ceased trading as he had lost a lot of money gambling. Marten made his way however and took opportunities which offered and eventually set up his own business with two of his sons, Robert and Charles. He was a Dissenter (non-conformist), active in his church and in many charitable works, as overseer of the poor for his parish, raising money for families in Germany impoverished by the Napoleonic wars, was a member of the Royal Humane Society and so it is not altogether surprising to find him in 1817 taking up the cause of sailors discharged from warships living on the streets: --- The Autobiography of R H Marten Esq of Plaistow Essex (1763-1839) “The deplorable condition of sailors discharged from the ships of war and now wanted for commerce – (trade being most woefully dull) attracted towards the close of the Year the notice and began to press upon the feelings of the Public. To relieve their urgent and personal distress I proposed a Public meeting – This was agreed to and Mr. Wilberforce was voted into the chair – A committee was formed and a noble subscription was most voluntarily supplied – Navy Captains and others gave most efficient assistance and Govt. lent some large ships to which the sailors were sent from the streets – were clothed and fed and the sick attended to and on the Sabbath Public Worship was performed on board. I was on this Committee which fully accomplish’d its humane purpose – and out of the Surplus fund sprang the present seaman’s floating Hospital where a sick or diseased seaman is received only on his presenting himself alongside and without any ticket or recommendation. For the greater benefit of seamen was sketched the present excellent establishment of the Merchant Seaman’s Auxiliary Bible Society of which Admiral Lord Viscount Exmouth is President. This was more formally instituted on the ---[space left to add date later]. I drew the outline of the address to the Public which was afterwards much improved by the Revd. Mr. Draltry and I had the honour to chalk out the plan which has been so well executed by the pious Lieut. Cox at Gravesend – to whose zealous and judicious activity the success of the institution is much indebted, and in December I published my ideas on the necessity and advantage of making some permanent accommodation for preaching the Gospel to the numerous sailors always to be found in the Port of London. This led ultimately to a public meeting on the 5 Feb. 1818 and to the formation of the Port of London Society for promoting Religion among seaman [sic]. As the Founder of the Society I became its Chairman and Treasurer and on its formal Institution on the 18 March 1818 the public appeared much gratified with the attempt about to be made to raise the moral character of a class of men who had been unaccountably and far too long in this respect overlooked. The large ship fitted by the Society most commodiously as a Chapel was in May following moored nearly on the spot where in October 1803 I was run down by a Gravesend Hoy and narrowly escaped with life – Churchmen and Dissenters contributed cheerfully to the cost – Officers of the Navy became subscribers, Noblemen visited this strange and converted ship – the Admiral Lord Gambier became the avowed President and the Chairman of the public Meetings, and what is of far more importance – sailors came to it on the Sabbath by hundreds willingly to worship their maker, and listen to instruction – until the Language in common use on the Thames was divested of its Blasphemy – and the voice of Prayer was heard from the mouths of Seamen; and the outposts and many Foreign ports imitated and thus honored the example of the Port of London in her society for promoting Religion among Seamen. The Floating Chapel was solemnly dedicated for divine worship on the 4 May 1818 when the morning sermon was preached by the Revd. Rowland Hill to a very crowded auditory. “[see illustration in separate email] Autobiography of R H Marten esq pp 33-34 (privately published monograph) Note: The incident (c 1803) he refers to in which he “was run down by a Gravesend Hoy…” is graphically described earlier in his memoir. The donor's family has a connection with R.H. Marten. through his sister Mary, who married Cornelius Berry on 9 February 1793. The donor's father, Hugh William Berry (1905-?) reprinted the autobiography of R.H. Marten. And, she has herself a connection with the Mission as she used to collect money for the Mission at school. Large print depicting a floating church in Londonfloating church, seamen, sailors, religion, london, r.h. marten esq, wapping stairs, river thames, port, robert humphrey marten (1763-1839), cate lewis, seamen's hospital, welfare, napoleonic wars, royal navy, merchant navy -
Mission to Seafarers Victoria
Photograph - Photograph, Black and white, Reverend John Reginald Weller, Chilean Sailmaker on the Skaregrøm, 1925-1926
The Skaregrøm was a swedish windjammer. On his log during his time on the Skaregrøm Captain Archie Horka often mentions "Chile John" or "Chileno/Chilano John". He also mentions his real name John Oyarzo, probably Juan Oyarzo (see Sea History Magazine)The picture shows one of the work on board a sailing ship. It also demonstrates how international ship crew were at the time. The photograph was published in the annual report for 1926.Sailor with grey shirt and cap sitting on the deck of the ship, repairing sails. Around his right hand is one of the sailmaker tool: the sailmaker sewing palm is a leather strap with metal piece on the palm called the eye. This piece has indentations to accept the head of the needle as you push it through the cloth. The number 14 at the back indicates the photograph was previously on one of the grey album pages with the legend: "Chilean sailmaker on the Skaregrom".in pencil: "cut off"is written twice on the top and bottom of the photograph. Number 14 was added later in black inkskaregrom, sailing ship, sailmaker, skaregrøm, chilean, sailor, reverend john reginald weller (1880-1969), weller album, windjammer -
Mission to Seafarers Victoria
photograph - Photograph, Black and white, Melbourne Harbour Trust, c. 1963
Perry Mitchinson started working at the Mission in 1961, replacing Reverend C.J Eldridge-Doyle. He's seen here in what seems to be the Officers' Room, with the bow windows on Flinders Street. The photograph shows how the rooms have been used and sometimes remodelled to fit the space.large b & w photograph of chaplain and secretary in his office. Note - Identification of chaplain in photograph to be confirmed stamp: Melbourne Harbor / Trust Photograph / Negative No .... [unnumbered]chaplain, office, secretary, bow window, reverend perry mitchinson, filing cabinets, melbourne, pennant -
Mission to Seafarers Victoria
Photograph - Photograph, Black and white, Bill Doyle (Reverend C.J. Eldridge-Doyle), c. 1950
The photograph portrays the main hall of the Mission to Seamen as it was used c.1950.The photograph is documents a moment in history that reflects how the main hall of the Mission to Seamen was used around the 1950s. The photograph also portrays one of many events held by the Ladies Harbour Lights Guild as one of the services provided for visiting seafarers.A black and white photograph inside the Mission to Seafarers Melbourne main hall. In the foreground there are two couples; on the left side of the photograph the couple are facing the left side, a man in a suit, vest and tie and a lady to the right in a mid-length skirt, jumper and short hair. The couple on the right of the photograph are facing each other - the lady has her back to the camera, and the man facing more toward the camera, he is also in a suit and is balding. A couple are standing in the mid ground, central in the photograph; a lady is on the left in a light coloured cardigan, mid length skirt and short dark hair; the man on the right is wearing a dark suit and tie, and a light coloured shirt. There are a number of people in the background that are partly concealed by the couples in the mid-foreground. An archway is visible to the left, that leads to the 'cafeteria', and an arch window can be seen on the right side of the photograph in the background, The hardwood floorboards are visible, as is the wainscote (wood panelling) on the walls in the background. A clock is situated right of centre on the back wall.collar, clock, vest, window, suit, 1950s, main-hall, tie, wainscote, cardigan, jumper, skirt, arch, bald, lhlg, dance, socialising, events, entertainments, mission to seafarers, mission to seamen, seamen mission, flinders street, ladies harbour lights guild, hardwood, floorboards, wood panelling -
Greensborough Historical Society
Book, Verso, Casualty figures: how five men survived the First World War / Michele Barrett, 2007_
Tells the story of five survivors of World War I who suffered from shell shock.174 p., illus. Hard cover.world war i, shell shock -
Greensborough Historical Society
Article - Newspaper Clipping, How early families linked up: by Helen Gillman, 28/02/1984
One of a series of articles by Helen Gillman on the recollections of Alan Partington. This one mentions the origins of the Ruston and Medhurst families and their connection to the Partington family. It also mentions achievements and anecdotes relating to these families.The Partington, Ruston and Medhurst familes were early pioneers of Greensborough. A photocopy of a newspaper article. 2 copies.partington, david medhurst, greensborough, charity jane pink, george westcott, peter ruston -
Greensborough Historical Society
Newspaper clipping, Diamond Valley Leader, Love was in the air when navigator Bob met Margaret, 18/05/1945
The article is one of series published as part of the Australia Remembers 1945 - 1995 program.This article tells the tale of how Bob and Margaret Barling met in England during WW2. Bob was born in Briar Hill and returned there with his bride after the war. They later moved to Montmorency.An A3 article written as part of the Australia Remembers 1945 - 1995 Commemoration.Nilww2, australia remembers 1945 - 1995, waaf, raaf, pathfinder squadron, ve day, war brides, barling family -
Greensborough Historical Society
Photograph - Digital image, 10-12 Poulter Avenue [sale 2015], 29/11/2015
Built circa 1930s this timber house has 6 rooms and fronts Poulter Avenue Greensborough. It was for sale in 2015 and photographs were taken by a GHS member.These older home sites are being redeveloped and photos give some idea of how Greensborough looked in the early 20th century.Digital copy of colour photograph of advertising.Description of house for sale.poulter avenue -
Greensborough Historical Society
Photograph - Digital Image, 10-12 Poulter Avenue [Bedroom], 29/11/2015
Built circa 1930s this timber house has 6 rooms and fronts Poulter Avenue Greensborough. It was for sale in 2015 and photographs were taken by a GHS member.These older home sites are being redeveloped and photos give some idea of how Greensborough looked in the early 20th century.Digital copy of colour photograph.poulter avenue -
Greensborough Historical Society
Photograph - Digital Image, 10-12 Poulter Avenue [down driveway], 2015_
Built circa 1930s this timber house has 6 rooms and fronts Poulter Avenue Greensborough. It was for sale in 2015 and photographs were taken by a GHS member.These older home sites are being redeveloped and photos give some idea of how Greensborough looked in the early 20th century.Digital copy of colour photograph. -
Greensborough Historical Society
Photograph - Digital Image, 10-12 Poulter Avenue [front of house], 2015_
Built circa 1930s this timber house has 6 rooms and fronts Poulter Avenue Greensborough. It was for sale in 2015 and photographs were taken by a GHS member.These older home sites are being redeveloped and photos give some idea of how Greensborough looked in the early 20th century.Digital copy of colour photograph. -
Greensborough Historical Society
Photograph - Digital Image, 10-12 Poulter Avenue [front verandah], 2015_
Built circa 1930s this timber house has 6 rooms and fronts Poulter Avenue Greensborough. It was for sale in 2015 and photographs were taken by a GHS member.These older home sites are being redeveloped and photos give some idea of how Greensborough looked in the early 20th century.Digital copy of colour photograph. -
Greensborough Historical Society
Photograph - Digital Image, 10-12 Poulter Avenue [kitchen], 2015_
Built circa 1930s this timber house has 6 rooms and fronts Poulter Avenue Greensborough. It was for sale in 2015 and photographs were taken by a GHS member.These older home sites are being redeveloped and photos give some idea of how Greensborough looked in the early 20th century.Digital copy of colour photograph. -
Greensborough Historical Society
Photograph - Digital image, 10-12 Poulter Avenue [Lounge], 2015_
Built circa 1930s this timber house has 6 rooms and fronts Poulter Avenue Greensborough. It was for sale in 2015 and photographs were taken by a GHS member.These older home sites are being redeveloped and photos give some idea of how Greensborough looked in the early 20th century.Links: 01339.01377.01406.01483.01488.01527.01653 Digital copy of colour photograph. -
Greensborough Historical Society
Photograph - Digital Image, 10-12 Poulter Avenue [up the driveway], 2015_
Built circa 1930s this timber house has 6 rooms and fronts Poulter Avenue Greensborough. It was for sale in 2015 and photographs were taken by a GHS member.These older home sites are being redeveloped and photos give some idea of how Greensborough looked in the early 20th century.Digital copy of colour photograph. -
Greensborough Historical Society
Book, R. H. Montague, How to trace your military ancestors in Australia and New Zealand, by R. H. Montague, 1989_
Paperback, 157 p. -
Greensborough Historical Society
Book, How to find shipping and immigration records in Australia, by Cora Num. 4th ed, 2000_
Paperback, 112 p.family history -
Greensborough Historical Society
Folder of Documents, Whole school approach to discipline: information to teachers, 1990, 19/09/1990
Staff documents relating to discipline and curriculum at Greensborough Secondary College 1990-1992.The documents give an insight into the changes to Victorian education policy and how it affected Greensborough.College.Collection of staff documents. Typed and photocopied.In pen on front cover :"Marg Willimott"greensborough secondary college, discipline, curriculum -
Greensborough Historical Society
Book, Ruth Lamb, Thoughtful Joe, and how he gained his name, by Ruth Lamb, 1897_
An example of late 19th century childrens' book design.Hardback, 80 pages, col. frontispiece and title page. Embossed front cover, with col. illus."To dear Stuart, with all good wishes for a happy Christmas from R. Wedlich S. S. T. 1917"childrens books -
Glenelg Shire Council Cultural Collection
Functional object - Box of sealing wax, n.d
Possibly from the Portland Town Council collection.Artefacts relating to the Portland Town Council represent the history of the Glenelg Shire and how it came to be. The Glenelg Shire Council was established by an Order-in-Council under the Local Government Act 1989, published in the Victorian Government Gazette S63 on 23 September 1994. Three councils were amalgamated, the City of Portland and the Shires of Glenelg and Heywood, to form the new Glenelg Shire.Cardboard box containing 11 full sticks and 5 partial sticks of sealing wax. Sealing wax embossed with maker detailsFront: Orange and yellow paper label on top. S. Maw, Son and Sons Fine sealing wax Crest in centre with London Englandportland town council, local government, glenelg shire, administration -
Glenelg Shire Council Cultural Collection
Flyer, Alcoa and Portland: Why, Where, When & How, 1970s
DL flyer, bi-fold; information about aluminium smelter to be built at Portland by Alcoa Australia. Light card, pale yellow, dark brown print and illustrationsalcoa, smelter, aluminium, portland, port of portland, portland harbour, industry -
Greensborough Historical Society
Folder, Watsonia High School - Historical Records 1984 - Volume One WaHIGH, 1984_
Created in 1984 by a member of the Watsonia High School Staff (Maria Wozniac) as a permanent record for future safe keeping - 27 years on it has found the perfect permanent home at Greensborough Historical SocietyReflects through documentation of that time, how a Victorian Secondary School functioned during the 1980's. A good comparator for readers of George Orwell's prophecy book "1984" written in 1948.Black 2-ring binder, foolscap size, Contains: Weekly Newsletters Vol 84 No 1 thru 41; HSC Report; Various Committee Reports; Admin Folder and General Handbook; School Principal & Departmental Notices; 1984 School Magazine (Kurnaji); Special School Events notices.Compiled by Maria R. Wozniacwatsonia high school, staff notices, student notices, george orwell, 1984 -
Greensborough Historical Society
Folder, Watsonia High School - Historical Records 1984 - Volume Two, 1984_
Created in 1984 by a member of the Watsonia High School staff (Maria Wozniac) as a permanent record for future safe keeping - 27 years on it has found the perfect permanent home at Greensborough Historical SocietyReflects through documentation of that time, how a Victorian Secondary School functioned during the 1980's. A good comparator for readers of George Orwell's prophecy book "1984" written in 1948.Black 2-ring binder, foolscap size, Contains: Daily Notices. These notices appeared on the Staffroom Noticeboard and next to Student Timetables. Compiled by Maria R. Wozniacwatsonia high school, staff notices, student notices -
Greensborough Historical Society
Newspaper clipping, A long road to history, 09/03/2011
Records the origins of local street names.Explains how streets were named from the 1850s, with reference to Main Road Eltham to Research.A Diamond Valley Leader article on the history of street names in the local area. Illustration is a photograph of Main Road Research in the early 1900s. Written by Russell Yeoman and Jim Connor of Eltham District Historical Society.In pen "DV Leader March 9 2011."research, eltham, street names, main road -
Yendon History Group
Book, school punishment, REGISTER OF CORPORAL PUNISHMENT School No. 719, printed before 1920
This book was used as a record of corporal punishment to children at the Yendon State School between the 1920's until 1972. It has the signatures of the teachers of the period and dated. Inside the front cover it has a list of rules related to disipline and how the corporal was to be carried out. Grey book with No.719 on front cover which was used as a register for corporal punishment. It has had several pages torn out. The first recorded date of entry is 8/6/33 until 22/7/1982.719 on front coveryendon state school yendon primary school yendon public education corporal punishment school discipline -
Eltham District Historical Society Inc
Photograph, Eltham - Methodist Church (1880)
RERVISED STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE, CONTEXT, 2010 What is significant? The 1880 bichromatic brick church and the surrounding site to the title boundaries. How is it significant? The church is architecturally, historically, socially and spiritually significant to the Shire of Nillumbik. Why is it significant? The church is architecturally significant as a finely detailed example of a brick 19th century rural community church, one of only four in the Shire (Criteria E & B). The church is historically significant as an important link with the time when Eltham was a small, insular country settlement. Also for the historical evolution visible in the complex, with the modest 1880s church and larger red brick rear hall from the early 20th century as a reflection of population growth in the area (Criterion A). The church is historically, spiritually and socially significant because it has played, and continues to play, an important part in the spiritual and social life of the community (Criterion G) - Victorian Heritage Register. This photo forms part of a collection of photographs gathered by the Shire of Eltham for their centenary project book,"Pioneers and Painters: 100 years of the Shire of Eltham" by Alan Marshall (1971). The collection of over 500 images is held in partnership between Eltham District Historical Society and Yarra Plenty Regional Library (Eltham Library) and is now formally known as the 'The Shire of Eltham Pioneers Photograph Collection.' It is significant in being the first community sourced collection representing the places and people of the Shire's first one hundred years.Digital image"Methodist Church"sepp, shire of eltham pioneers photograph collection, eltham, methodist church -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Newspaper Article - Tawonga School Centenary 1980 x2, Alpine Courier incorporating The Hydro Courier, 1980
This newspaper article was produced at a time when newspapers were the main source of local information. The period before the explosion of mobile communication technology and the cost effectiveness of communication by "texting" and internet "social connections, eg. facebook and other social media networkings" The newspapers were the main links between and within large regions. The Hydro Courier was first printed in 1950 as a YMCA community service publication by Mr. Albert Clarke YMCA Officer and Mr. Alex McCullough a State Electricity Commission employee. This paper was one very important publication that provided relevant community information to all and was the major contributer to the "Valley" cohesive fibre and unity. This article not only records the celebration (centenary) of the Tawonga School but also presents the history of the school and important events such as various relocations of classrooms and how the region was settled and developed from the 1870's onward. The yawonga school opened in 1880 on 8 acres of land. It consisted of one large wooden building (22 ft x 11 ft). It had two windows, one brick chimney, bare wooden floor and a shingle roof. This article also presents the time when Mount Beauty area was likened to an island and occasionally school children could not attend school because of a flooded Kiewa river. The article also covers the changes brought about by the increased employment opportunities from SEC Kiewa Works(1935), the Sawmill(1946), the Gold mine(1949) and the Tobacco Industry (largest growing area in Australia).This item is a one page (original) article of the centenary celebrations for Tawonga Primary School came from the Alpine Observer and incorporated the Hydro Courier. It covers the arrangements for the celebration of the 100 years of the school's existence. The printed layout is typical of the typeset in use in 1980's. There are seven distinctive type collumns separated by a printed line. Three photographs are published with one photograph of a demountable classromm ,circa 1980, and the other two of student class photos of 1899 and 1914. Teacher and student names are listed below each photograph. On the back of this page are "specials" for "Sam's Cut Price Stores", specifically the Myrtleford store. Of interest is the advertisement of "Cartons of Cigarettes at cut prices". The page was produced as part of a "run" with "telltale" holes at each corner for stabilising the page in the printing process."Centenary Celebrations For Tawonga Primary School" below this in an enclosed heading "ALPINE OBSERVER" underneath in smaller print "WITH WHICH IS INCORPORATED" below this in larger print "THE HYDRO COURIER" and below this from left to right, "No. 719 (Vol. 3) THURSDAY, 23rd OCTOBER, 1980" next "in smaller print Recommended Price Single Copy, 20c "(cents)rural school development, tawonga school centenary, kiewa valley development 1880 to 1980 -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Lamp Small Kerosene, circa early 1900s
The period when kerosene was extensively used for indoor lighting was before electrical reticulation was installed in rural areas. In remote areas this was up to the mid 1900's. The kerosene lantern however was still in use, for camping and outdoor activities, well beyond this period and was eventually replaced by LPG and battery powered lighting. The transition phase to "modern" outdoor and domestic lighting lingered on the rural areas where the electrical reticulation suffered from reliable constant supply.In the Kiewa Valley, being a rural region, had reliable electrical domestic and farm supply only after the Kiewa Hydro Electricity Scheme had been fully operational. The supply was relative to how close the homestead was to the major electricity substation. This kerosene lamp was in use during the period when it was the only reliable source of domestic night time lighting. The strength of refractive light produced by this lantern/lamp hinged upon the size of the lamp(wick and glass bowl). The small size of this lamp suggests that it was for use in a small room(children's bedroom) or as providing a light for a safe walk to the outside ablutions (toilet) area. This small kerosene lamp has an enclosed "cup" body which would have contained the kerosene fuel. The top wick holder, made from brass, has an extended enclosed spout which raises the wick approximately 20mm from the bottom of the holder. The wick holder screws into the the top of the kerosene reservoir bowl and has a wick adjustment screw (light control) at one side. The small white glass light reflector bulb nestles securely onto the wick holder and is kept snug by snap designed extending "fingers". The section between the bottom of the refractive glass "light" bowl and the top of the kerosene bowl has perforations to allow air passage to feed directly to the wick.The light refracting bulb is open at the top to allow heat and smoke from the burning wick to escape upwards.On the wick control screw "CWB BRITISH MADE"kerosene reading lamp, domestic lighting, bedside light