Boyd reviews Mitchell Gordon's Sick Cities. He opens with a scathing description of American urbanism: the skyscraper and the automobile in a fight to the death, and a culture unwilling to engage with a discussion of urbanism. Boyd presents Gordon's book as a non-technical and non-partisan contribution to the new field of American urbanism, focussed on the functional problems (sprawl, traffic, squatting, air pollution) rather than visual ugliness. He commends Gordon's book as 'good, meaty [and] helpful' to city administrators and city lovers everywhere.Book Review (Mitchell Gordon)Typewritten, quarto, 3 pagesScribbled out sections on pages 1, 2 and 3; addition of notes in pages 2 and 3.mitchell gordon, sick cities, urban planning, thomas jefferson, john f. kennedy, the american way, racial segregation, suburban sprawl, air pollution, urbanism, traffic, robin boyd, manuscript

Ballarat School of Mines is a predecessor instittyion of Federation University Australia.Yellow soft coved booklet outlining the Ballarat School of Mines Science Department in 1980.science, ballarat school of mines, physics, histology, genetics, zoology, marine biology, tertiary orientation program, chemistry, staff, astronomy, air pollution, earthquakes, drugs, library, course outlines

The machinery in this photo shows a Tournapull C earth moving machine, one of many during this period Circa 1950 - 1960s when hydro electricity powered turbines were being constructed in both the Victoria and New South Wales Alps. This was Australia's answer to a non polluting supply of electricity for a fast growing city population. It was at this time that air pollution from coal powered furnaces was becoming more and more under attack by health authorities.This item is part of a visual account of the construction of dams and hydro electricity facilities during the early 1950s. It was the beginning of the environmental push not to allow the degrading of Australian Alpine regions. Air pollution of the major cities and the increase in power demands of both industries and population within them required an alternative pollution free alternative electricity supply. These for runners of Hydro electricity generators required both large supplies of machinery and human resources. This construction phase within the region brought not only tradesmen but also unskilled workers to an area which had mainly had farming and mining activities. It was the catalyst for the creation of the smaller towns/villages e.g. Bogong Village, Mount Beauty and Bright.Black and white photograph on Kodak Xtralite II paper.(gloss)paper marking on back Kodak Xtralite II papermining, hydro electricity, victorian alps, construction camps, earth moving machines, secv

Reports of the Town Clerk's Department 10th August 1977 Reports of the Town Clerk's Department Report of the Acting Town Clerk A.M.P. Gratuity Scheme Trustees Victorian Family and Community Services Programmes Unemployment Station Road Drain Clean Air and Environment Council of Victoria Metropolitan Fire Brigade and the County Fire Authority Western Region Commission Representation Municipal Association of Victoria Award Matters The Hub Alterations and Additions Report of the Co-Ordinator of Welfare Services Needs of the Aged Migrant The Bailey Report Western Region Women's Refuge Emergency Accommodation Midway Hostel Report of the Senior Health Inspector Application for Septic Tank Application for Installation of Gas Fired Dry Septic Tank Units Melbourne & Metropolitan Board of Works Pollution Advice Contaminated Milk Powder Removal of a Dwelling Outside the Municipality 24 Hertford Road Sunshine to Smythes Creek Ballarat School Immunisation 1977 Report of the Medical Officer of Health Report of the By-Laws Officer Dog Act School Crossing Main Road West Disposal of Derelict Vehicles Report of the City Librarian Letter of Appreciation from Sunshine High School Extended Loan Period for Library Material Cost of Using Library Photocopying Machines Australian Library Week 16 to 24 September 1977 Report of the City Engineer Land Use Permit Application Factory Extensions Lot 293 Hawthorne Avenue Land Use Permit Application Advertising Hoarding South West Corner Furlong Road and St. Albans Road Land Use Permit Application Two Factories with Office Each Lot 38 Reid Street Land Use Permit Application Subdivision and Attached House on Each Lot 1010 Robinsons Road Land Use Permit Application Storage of Quarry Products Lot 1 Somerville Road Extending from the Intersection of Market Road and Somerville Road West Towards Kororoit Creek Land Use Permit Application Trash and Treasure Lot 1 Boundary Road Corner Market Road Land Use Permit Application Extension to Existing Factory Lots 4 & 5 Tottenham Parade Land Use Permit Application Rebuilding of Service Premises 105 Anderson Road Croner of Fraser Street Land Use Permit Application Storage of Soil and Retail Plant Nursery North West Corner Fairbairn Road and Boundary Road Land Use Permit Application Flats Lot 472 Hendry Street Land Use Permit Application Light Industry 84 Station Road South East Corner of Glencairn Avenue Plan of Subdivision Geelong Road and Francis Street Plan of Subdivision Browne Avenue, Furlong Road and Epalock Crescent Strata Subdivison 31 - 33 Warrs Road Plan of Consolidation Hume Street Westerngate Estate Robinsons Road Subdivision Camperdown Avenue and Sandford Avenue Sunshine North Plan of Subdivision 10 Chicago Street Variation to Contract Furlong Road Construction Annual Supply Contract Signal Installation Programme 1977/78 Connection of Main Road East, St. Albans with Buckley Street, Niddrie Across Maribyrnong River Disposal of Mini Moke Highfield Quarry South West Side Bunting Road Possible New Tip Site When Sunshine Tip Operations Cease Conference with Associated Quarries Pty Ltd Boundary Road and Fitzgerald Road Intersection Treatment No Standing Bookmobile Excepted Duke Street Retention of Caterpillar D6 Dozer Harrison Street and Miles Street Private Street Scheme Report of the Building Surveyor Apprentice Building Inspectors Fencing Anley Place Installation of Underground Tank Mountainview Quarries McIntyre Road Sunshine North Sunshine Swimming Pool Solar Heating Highpoint West Complex Cleaning Municipal Offices Albion Pre-School Centre Maintenance Dobson Pre-School Centre Maintenance Fairbairn Pre-School Centre Maintenance Sewer Dempster Park Alterations to Pavilion Skinner Reserve Orders of the Day Accounts Submitted for Payment as at 31st July 1977 Plan of Subdivision Rita Street Fencing 83 Hall Street Sunshine West Swimming Pools Fees and Charges city of sunshine, alexander "alex" george gillon, station road, deer park, the hub, sun crescent, sunshine, midway hostel, williamson road, maribyrnong, hertford road, sunshine high school, ballarat road, sunshine north, hawthorne avenue, st. albans road, furlong road, st. albans, reid street, albion, robinsons road, somerville road, brooklyn, boundary road, market road, tottenham parade, footscray west, anderson road, fraser street, fairbairn road, sunshine west, hendry street, glencairn avenue, geelong road, francis street, epalock crescent, warrs road, hume street, camperdown avenue, sandford avenue, chicago street, main road east, buckley street, niddrie, maribyrnong river, highfield quarry, bunting road, sunshine tip, associated quarries, fitzgerald road, duke street, harrison street, miles street, anley place, mountainview quarries, mcintyre road, sunshine swimming pool, highpoint west, rosamond road, albion pre-school centre, dobson pre-school centre, fairbairn pre-school centre, dempster park, skinner reserve, churchill avenue, braybrook, phoenix street, derrimut street

Minutes of the Ordinary Meeting of Council held on 10th August 1977 Reports of the Town Clerk's Department Report of the Acting Town Clerk A.M.P. Gratuity Scheme Trustees Victorian Family and Community Services Programmes Unemployment Station Road Drain Clean Air and Environment Council of Victoria Metropolitan Fire Brigade and the County Fire Authority Western Region Commission Representation Municipal Association of Victoria Award Matters The Hub Alterations and Additions Report of the Co-Ordinator of Welfare Services Needs of the Aged Migrant The Bailey Report Western Region Women's Refuge Emergency Accommodation Midway Hostel Report of the Senior Health Inspector Application for Septic Tank Application for Installation of Gas Fired Dry Septic Tank Units Melbourne & Metropolitan Board of Works Pollution Advice Contaminated Milk Powder Removal of a Dwelling Outside the Municipality 24 Hertford Road Sunshine to Smythes Creek Ballarat School Immunisation 1977 Report of the Medical Officer of Health Report of the By-Laws Officer Dog Act School Crossing Main Road West Disposal of Derelict Vehicles Report of the City Librarian Letter of Appreciation from Sunshine High School Extended Loan Period for Library Material Cost of Using Library Photocopying Machines Australian Library Week 16 to 24 September 1977 Report of the City Engineer Land Use Permit Application Factory Extensions Lot 293 Hawthorne Avenue Land Use Permit Application Advertising Hoarding South West Corner Furlong Road and St. Albans Road Land Use Permit Application Two Factories with Office Each Lot 38 Reid Street Land Use Permit Application Subdivision and Attached House on Each Lot 1010 Robinsons Road Land Use Permit Application Storage of Quarry Products Lot 1 Somerville Road Extending from the Intersection of Market Road and Somerville Road West Towards Kororoit Creek Land Use Permit Application Trash and Treasure Lot 1 Boundary Road Corner Market Road Land Use Permit Application Extension to Existing Factory Lots 4 & 5 Tottenham Parade Land Use Permit Application Rebuilding of Service Premises 105 Anderson Road Croner of Fraser Street Land Use Permit Application Storage of Soil and Retail Plant Nursery North West Corner Fairbairn Road and Boundary Road Land Use Permit Application Flats Lot 472 Hendry Street Land Use Permit Application Light Industry 84 Station Road South East Corner of Glencairn Avenue Plan of Subdivision Geelong Road and Francis Street Plan of Subdivision Browne Avenue, Furlong Road and Epalock Crescent Strata Subdivison 31 - 33 Warrs Road Plan of Consolidation Hume Street Westerngate Estate Robinsons Road Subdivision Camperdown Avenue and Sandford Avenue Sunshine North Plan of Subdivision 10 Chicago Street Variation to Contract Furlong Road Construction Annual Supply Contract Signal Installation Programme 1977/78 Connection of Main Road East, St. Albans with Buckley Street, Niddrie Across Maribyrnong River Disposal of Mini Moke Highfield Quarry South West Side Bunting Road Possible New Tip Site When Sunshine Tip Operations Cease Conference with Associated Quarries Pty Ltd Boundary Road and Fitzgerald Road Intersection Treatment No Standing Bookmobile Excepted Duke Street Retention of Caterpillar D6 Dozer Harrison Street and Miles Street Private Street Scheme Report of the Building Surveyor Apprentice Building Inspectors Fencing Anley Place Installation of Underground Tank Mountainview Quarries McIntyre Road Sunshine North Sunshine Swimming Pool Solar Heating Highpoint West Complex Cleaning Municipal Offices Albion Pre-School Centre Maintenance Dobson Pre-School Centre Maintenance Fairbairn Pre-School Centre Maintenance Sewer Dempster Park Alterations to Pavilion Skinner Reserve Orders of the Day Accounts Submitted for Payment as at 31st July 1977 Plan of Subdivision Rita Street Fencing 83 Hall Street Sunshine West Swimming Pools Fees and Charges Extraordinary Business Amendment to Seal Plan Westerngate North Estate Stage 1A Former Post Office Offer to Sell to Council Building Bon Thomas Reserve W.V. Black Hampshire Road Albion Pre-School and Infant Welfare Centre city of sunshine, alexander "alex" george gillon, station road, deer park, the hub, sun crescent, sunshine, hertford road, sunshine high school, ballarat road, sunshine north, hawthorne avenue, furlong road, st. albans road, st. albans, reid street, albion, robinsons road, market road, somerville road, brooklyn, boundary road, tottenham parade, footscray west, anderson road, fraser street, fairbairn road, hendry street, glencairn avenue, geelong road, francis street, epalock crescent, warrs road, maribyrnong, hume street, camperdown avenue, sandford avenue, chicago street, main road east, buckley street, niddrie, maribyrnong river, highfield quarry, bunting road, sunshine tip, associated quarries, fitzgerald road, duke street, harrison street, miles street, anley place, mountainview quarries, mcintyre road, sunshine swimming, highpoint west, rosamond road, albion pre-school centre, dobson pre-school centre, fairbairn pre-school, derrimut street, dempster park, phoenix street, skinner reserve, churchill avenue, braybrook, rita street, hall street, sunshine west, bon thomas reserve, quinn street, hampshire road

This letter to the editor of an unknown newspaper probably dates from the late 1960s or early 1970s. At that time the Victorian government’s Liberal Party Premier was Sir Henry Bolte. In a reference to the major industrial valley in Germany, he and his government had a vision to make Western Port and Hastings into “the Ruhr of Victoria”, if not Australia. While this letter does not refer to Western Port, but apparently to Wiliamstown, the situation was similar in both bays. Substantial land was zoned in Hastings by the Bolte Government for industrial purposes, where BP built a refinery for oil imported through the Port of Hastings. The large oil tankers entered Western Port Bay via the western channel, which required dredging to accommodate them. It became a common site to see globules or patches of oil washed up on beaches around Western Port, and oil-affected wildlife. It is impossible to know how many wildlife were affected directly by oil spills and other forms of pollution in the Bay during that era. Sufficient numbers of oiled Little Penguins were found to prompt numerous references to the problem in newspapers, including letters, articles and even major features. The refinery eventually closed, with tanker traffic dramatically reducing in Western Port from the late 20th century.Statement of significance: This letter to the editor is significant in making reference to pollution caused in Port Phillip and Western Port bays by tanker traffic and the presence of oil refineries on industrial land in the bays. It is also indicative of the emergence of many conservation-related community groups of volunteers in Australia during the 1960s and 1970s in response to growing concern around conservation issues. Letters to the editor were a common means for these groups to have their concerns aired in public.Photocopy of newspaper cutting, single column letter to the editor.little penguins, oil spill, western port, port of hastings, henry bolte, "ruhr of victoria", oiled penguins, oiled wildlife, bp refinery, oil tankers, , mrs d waight, williamstown and district animal relief society

"In April 1969, the first major residential development in Melton began with the release of 148 homes for purchase. This was the first stage of a staggered release of a planned 30,000 homes for 100,000 people by 1990. The development, called Westmelton Satellite City, was described as ‘a preview of tomorrow’.101 It was the first estate built in a ‘modern’ style, with curved streets, and dozens of culs de sac. Westmelton was also the first major development in Victoria to build all the supply lines to the houses – including electricity and telephone lines – underground. The six different home designs in Westmelton were ‘specially designed for the future’, and with allotments ten feet wider than regulations required, there was plenty of ‘space for gracious living’ and for a family swimming pool. The developers of this new estate were active in promoting Westmelton as a new community within the Shire of Melton. By 1971, the Westmelton City News reported that Ian McIntosh, General Manager of Westmelton, had given away $100,000 on behalf of the company ‘to aid community projects’. This included a $72,000 donation towards building a community centre in Westmelton, and $25,000 for the shire’s Olympic-sized swimming pool. Ian McIntosh and his family moved to Melton and Ian said he was ‘very much aware of the needs of [the] Westmelton community’. By the end of 1971, Westmelton was home to 100 new families. The modern residences were obviously an appealing drawcard, but so was the country feel that characterised Melton. Mrs C. Allen, described as a ‘housewife’, said she and her husband chose to move to Westmelton because of ‘the quality homes ... and we both love the clean, fresh, natural environment that surrounds us’. Similarly, Mr W. Coxhead, insurance consultant, moved to Westmelton because of the ‘clean, fresh country air’. Accountant Mr B. Swanton echoed their sentiments, describing Westmelton as ‘far enough away from the industrial pollution carried over Melbourne suburbs by prevailing westerly winds’. The new development attracted an increasing number of young, professional couples and families, representing the beginning of a significant shift from the predominantly rural and farming community of the district’s past. The Westmelton development had four different ‘neighbourhoods’ designed to cater to a variety of different lifestyle needs. Westmelton was the first to be established, followed by Brookfield, which offered ‘superb land in a rustic setting’. Brookfield Acres offered ‘wide open spaces with lots of room for a pool and even a tennis court’ on huge one-acre blocks, while Westlake was an innovative development with ‘different sized homesites’ and ‘lakeside living’.Westmelton was the first of many residential developments that would come to play a huge role in shaping the shire in the decades to follow".A marketing brochure for the Westmelton Satellite City developmentlocal significant events, council

1/ The Western Times 5th February 1986 - Government must act on hazardous chemicals 2/ The Independent 24th September 1996 - Chemical concerns 3/ Brimbank Leader 3rd July 2001 - Dioxin victory 4/ City of Sunshine letter date 9th July 1985 about the Appeal No P85/851 Glyphosate Plant 5/ W.F. Fogarty letter dated 27th January 1986 to City of Sunshine regarding pollution Abatement Notice 6/ Monsanto letter dated 18th December 1986 to W.F. Fogarty Re: E.P.A. pollution Abatement Notice 7/ Press Release - Monsanto Has An Going Waste Disposal Programme 8/ Gwen Goedecke letter dated 30th January 1986 to The Editor The Western Times regarding hazardous & noxious industry in the west 9/ Environment Protection Authority of Victoria letter to objector regarding Monsanto's air discharge licence EA 254/5 dated 1985 10/ The Advocate 16th October 1985 Herbicide plant gets go ahead 11/ The Times 4th December 1985 Govt pressured trust to sell land to Monsanto 12/ The Times 16th January 1985 No danger no smell in that plant says Monsanto 13/ Planning Appeal Board letter dated 1985 14/ The Age 13th July 1985 Sunshine Council rejects bid to expand chemicals factory 15/ The Western Time 10th July 1985 Monsanto must go 16/ The Advocate 10th July 1985 Council adopts tough stance, Chemical giant not wanted 17/ The Advocate 20th November 1985 Glyphosate plant appeals to planning board 18/ The Advocate 26th June 1985 Industry hits home valuesmonsanto, huntsman, somerville road, brooklyn