FALLS of HALLADALE - History The Falls of Halladale was a four-masted sailing ship built-in 1886 in Glasgow, Scotland, for the long-distance cargo trade and was mostly used for Pacific grain trade. She had a sturdy construction, built to carry maximum cargo and maintain full sail in heavy gales. She was one of the last of the ‘windjammers’ that sailed the Trade Route and one of the first vessels to include fore and aft lifting bridges, which kept the crew safe and dry in as they moved around the decks in stormy conditions. She was owned by Wright, Breakenridge & Co of Glasgow and was one of several Falls Line ships, all of which were named after waterfalls in Scotland. On 4th August 1908, with new sails, 29 crew, and 2800 tons of cargo, the Falls of Halladale left New York, bound for Melbourne and Sydney via the Cape of Good Hope. The cargo on board was valued at £35,000 and included 56,763 tiles of American slate roofing tiles, 5,673 coils of barbed wire, 600 stoves, 500 sewing machines, 6,500 gallons of oil, 14,400 gallons of benzene, plumbing iron, 117 cases of crockery and glassware and many other manufactured items. The Falls of Halladale had been at sail for 102 days when, at 3 am on the of 14th November 1908, under full sail in calm seas with a six knots breeze behind and misleading fog along the coast, the great vessel rose upon an ocean swell and settled on top of a submerged reef near Peterborough on south-west Victoria’s coast. The ship was jammed on the rocks and began filling with water. The crew launched the two lifeboats and all 29 crew landed safely on the beach over 4 miles away at the Bay of Islands. The postmistress at Peterborough, who kept a watch for vessels in distress, saw the stranding and sent out an alert to the local people. A rescue party went to the aid of the sailors and the Port Campbell rocket crew was dispatched, but the crew had all managed to reach shore safely by the time help arrived. The ship stayed in full sail on the rocky shelf for nearly two months, attracting hundreds of sightseers who watched her slowly disintegrate until the pounding seas and dynamiting by salvagers finally broke her back, and her remains disappeared back into deeper water. The valuable cargo was largely lost, despite two salvage attempts in 1908-09 and 1910. Further salvage operations were made from 1974-1986, during which time 22,000 slate tiles were recovered with the help of 14 oil drums to float them, plus personal artefacts, ship fittings, reams of paper and other items (a list of items held at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village is included below). The Court of Marine Inquiry in Melbourne ruled that the foundering of the ship was entirely due to Captain David Wood Thomson’s navigational error, not to technical failure of the Clyde-built ship. The shipwreck is a popular site for divers, about 300m offshore and in 3 – 15m of water. Some of the original cargo can be seen at the site, including pieces of roof slate and coils of barbed wire.The Falls of Halladale shipwreck is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register (No. S255). She was one of the last ships to sail the Trade Routes. She is one of the first vessels to have fore and aft lifting bridges. She is an example of the remains of an International Cargo Ship and also represents aspects of Victoria’s shipping industry. The wreck is protected as a Historic Shipwreck under the Commonwealth Historic Shipwrecks Act (1976).Watercolour painting behind glass, framed in the Art Deco style - stippled cream painted wood. There are some age marks under the glass. The painting depicts the Falls of Halladale with its stern under water. The back of the painting contains facts about the shipwreck handwritten in a similar style to the artist’s signature. The artist’s signature is not clear enough to identify. Inscription on the back: Pasted on typed text: Peterborough Handwriting: Falls of Halladale 2085 tons 4 masted iron barque wrecked Saturday November 14th 1908 Captain Thomson crew of 28 !st mate F Pearson 2nd mate T Griffinflagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime museum & village, maritime museum, maritime village, shipwreck coast, 1908 shipwreck, falls of halladale, peterborough, peterborough shipwreck, great ocean road, captain thomson, 1880s sailing ship, cargo vessel, 1st mate f pearson, 2nd mate t griffin, watercolour painting

A pulley block of this size would have many applications on a ship, including lifting loads such as cargo and sails. It was recovered from the wreck of the Halladale in the 1970s by divers Gary Hansen and Peter Ronald, former Director of Flagstaff Hill. The Falls of Halladale was an iron-hulled, four-masted barque built in Glasgow, Scotland. It was used as a bulk carrier of general cargo. When the ship left New York in August 1908 it was bound for Melbourne and Sydney it’s the cargo in its hold consisted of roofing tiles, barbed wire, stoves, oil, benzene and many other manufactured items. On the 15th of November, 1908, after three months at sea and close to its destination, a navigational error caused the Falls of Halladale to be wrecked on a reef off the Peterborough headland. The captain and 29 crew members survived but most of the cargo was lost, despite two salvage attempts in 1908-09 and 1910. The Court of Marine Inquiry in Melbourne ruled that the foundering of the ship was entirely due to Captain David Wood Thomson's navigational error, not to any technical failure of the ship. The Falls of Halladale was built in1886 by Russell & Co., at Greenock shipyards on the River Clyde, Scotland for Wright, Breakenridge & Co of Glasgow. The vessel was one of several designs of Falls Line of ships named after waterfalls in Scotland. The company had been founded between 1870- 1873 as a partnership between Joseph Russell, Anderson Rodger, and William Todd Lithgow. During the period between 1882-92 Russell & Co. standardised its ship designs, which sped up their building process so much that they were able to build 271 ships during that time. The Falls of Halladale had a sturdy construction built to carry maximum cargo and was able to maintain full sail in heavy gales. It was one of the last of the 'windjammers'. She and her sister ship, the Falls of Garry, were the first ships in the world to include fore and aft lifting bridges. Previous to this, heavily loaded vessels could have huge seas break along the full length of the deck, causing serious injury or even death to those on deck. The new, raised catwalk-type decking allowed the crew to move above the deck in stormy conditions.The Falls of Halladale shipwreck is listed on the Victorian Heritage (No. S255). The vessel was one of the last ships to sail the Trade Routes from Europe and the Americas. Also of significance is that the ship was one of the first ships to have fore and aft lifting bridges as a significant safety feature that is still in use on modern vessels today. The block and pulley is an example of ship rigging equipment used on sailing ships during the 19th and early 20th centuries that transported goods around the world. It represents aspects of Victoria’s shipping industry and maritime history.A pulley block; metal frame with three sheaves. The block is in a fragile condition. It is also large and heavy. It was recovered from the wreck of the Falls of Halladale in the 1970s. warrnambool, flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, clipper ship, windjammer, cargo vessel, falls of halladale wreck, shipwreck, 1908 wreck, breakenridge & co glasgow, russell & co ship builders, 1886 ship, shipwreck artefact, rigging, ship rigging, rigging equipment, sailing equipment, cargo equipment, marine technology, block, ship’s block, pulley block

This deadeye was amongst artefacts recovered from the wreck of the Falls of Halladale. It would have been used on the ship to attach, hold and run ropes for the ship’s rigging. The Falls of Halladale was an iron-hulled, four-masted barque, used as a bulk carrier of general cargo. She left New York in August 1908 bound for Melbourne and Sydney. In her hold was general cargo consisting of roofing tiles, barb wire, stoves, oil, and benzene as well as many other manufactured items. After three months at sea and close to her destination, a navigational error caused the Falls of Halladale to be wrecked on a reef off the Peterborough headland on the 15th of November, 1908. The captain and 29 crew members survived, but her cargo was largely lost, despite two salvage attempts in 1908-09 and 1910. The Court of Marine Inquiry in Melbourne ruled that the foundering of the ship was entirely due to Captain David Wood Thomson's navigational error, not too technical failure of the Clyde-built ship. The Falls of Halladale was built in1886 by Russell & Co., at Greenock shipyards on the River Clyde, Scotland for Wright, Breakenridge & Co of Glasgow. She was one of several designs of Falls Line of ships named after waterfalls in Scotland. The company had been founded between 1870- 1873 as a partnership between Joseph Russell, Anderson Rodger, and William Todd Lithgow. During the period 1882-92 Russell & Co. standardised designs, which sped up their building process so much that they were able to build 271 ships during that time. The Falls of Halladale had a sturdy construction built to carry maximum cargo and was able to maintain full sail in heavy gales, one of the last of the 'windjammers' that sailed the Trade Route. She and her sister ship, the Falls of Garry, were the first ships in the world to include fore and aft lifting bridges. Previous to this, heavily loaded vessels could have heavy seas break along the full length of the deck, causing serious injury or even death to those on deck. The new, raised catwalk-type decking allowed the crew to move above the deck in stormy conditions. The Falls of Halladale shipwreck is listed on the Victorian Heritage (No. S255). She was one of the last ships to sail the Trade Routes from Europe and the Americas. Also of significance is that the vessel was one of the first ships to have fore and aft lifting bridges as a significant safety feature still in use on modern vessels today. The subject item is an example of ships rigging objects used on sailing ships during the 19th and early 20th centuries to transport goods around the world the item is representing aspects of Victoria’s shipping industry and maritime history. Deadeye; wooden deadeye, three (3) holes, with metal surrounds and metal rigging cable attached. Recovered from the Falls of Halladale.Nonewarrnambool, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, shipwrecked-artefact, clipper ship, rigging equipment, sailing equipment, deadeye, falls of halladale wreck, breakenridge & co glasgow, russell & co ship builders, cargo vessel, 1908 wreck, rigging, ship rigging

This ship model of the Cutty Sark was hand-built in the 1980s from a model kit produced by Billings, Denmark. It was on display in the Olde Maritime Motor Inn in Warrnambool until it was refurbished around 2015. The Cutty Sark was a famous clipper ship, launched in 1869 for the tea trade from China to London. The ship was designed for speed, with the ambition to be the fastest ship. In the late 1800s, it competed in the tea clipper races. It was eventually sold to a Portuguese company, Ferreria, and took on the company's name. It was sold again and renamed Maria do Amparo. Finally, the ship's name was returned to the original 'Cutty Sark' when it was purchased by Captain Dowman for use as a cadet training ship. The ship continued trading and in 1922 it became the last operating clipper ship in the world. The ship is now a museum, preserved in a dry dock at Greenwich, England, as part of the British National Historic Fleet. About Barry Williams: - The maker, Barry Williams, worked for the Australian Shipping Line, Huddart Packard Ltd., until it closed down in 1960. Williams then worked for Shaw Savill & Albion Co. Ltd., a substantial British passenger and liner company. and subsequently Furness Withy Ltd. (SS&A's parent company). In the late 1970s Williams and two friends established their own ship chartering company in Melbourne, the Harwood Shipping Co. During the early 1970s Williams and his wife lived in London, near Greenwich, and often walked along the river where the Cutty Sark Maritime Museum is located. The fascination of the Cutty Sark led Williams to build model ships of the same era. At one stage Williams lost the rigging plan for the Cutty Sark but one of his partners, on a visit to London, photographed the Cutty Sark on the river, and Williams used these to complete the rigging on the model. Williams found the making of the model a very demanding but also pleasurable exercise.The model is significant for showing a visual representation of one of the most famous tea clippers, the vessel Cutty Sark. The three-masted ship was built for speed and traded tea between England and China. In 1922 the Cutty Sark became the last operating tea clipper in the world. The craft of ship model building has been popular for centuries, especially with people associated with the sea, such as this model builder, whose career was based around the shipping industry.Ship model; clipper ship, the 'Cutty Sark', a three-masted clipper ship, bare rigging, netting below the bowspit, and fine chains hanging from the bowspit. Black hull with two parallel horizontal stripes below the rail. Lifeboats on board. The white figurehead is below the bowsprit. The model comes with a cradle stand. The ship's name is not visible on the model.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, cunysark, historic sailing ship, tea clipper, sail training vessel, cadet training ship, commercial trading vessel, cargo sail vessel, ship model cutty sark

ABOUT THE CUTTY SARK The CUTTY SARK, built in Britain in 1869, was one of the last historic sailing ships. She traded in tea from China for a few years then began trading with Australia in the wool industry. She held the record sailing speed from Australia to Britain for ten years! Later a Portuguese company bought her as a cargo ship (and renamed her as FERREIRA) then she was purchased by a returned sea captain for use as a training ship in Cornwall. After the captain’s death she was transferred to a training college in Greenwich in 1938. In 1954 she was placed permanently in dry dock at Greenwich for display. The sailing ship CUTTY SARK carried export cargos of wool from the Australian wool industry.Model of the sailing ship, CUTTY SARKflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, cutty sark, historic sailing ship, tea clipper, sail training vessel, cadet training ship, commercial trading vessel, cargo sail vessel, ship model cutty sark, australian wool export

ABOUT THE CUTTY SARK The CUTTY SARK, built in Britain in 1869, was one of the last historic sailing ships. She traded in tea from China for a few years then began trading with Australia in the wool industry. She held the record sailing speed from Australia to Britain for ten years! Later a Portuguese company bought her as a cargo ship (and renamed her as FERREIRA) then she was purchased by a returned sea captain for use as a training ship in Cornwall. After the captain’s death she was transferred to a training college in Greenwich in 1938. In 1954 she was placed permanently in dry dock at Greenwich for display.The sailing ship CUTTY SARK carried export cargos of wool from the Australian wool industry.Ship model Cutty Sark, a Clipper in full ship rig with raised poop deck, deck house, 3 boats on deck (1 has fallen). Two toned black and tan hull, 3 jibs set in diorama of blue sea, light house and another small yacht. Is housed in glass sided case with dark grey painted structure. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, cutty sark, historic sailing ship, tea clipper, sail training vessel, cadet training ship, commercial trading vessel, cargo sail vessel, ship model cutty sark, australian wool export

Colour photo of Webb Dock, Port Melbourne, showing a roll-on/roll-off cargo vessel being loaded and a car transport in the background.piers and wharves - webb dock, transport - shipping, webb dock

Gethla Forsyth, Alfred trainee, served with the Australian Army Nursing Serviceduring World War II. After enlisting in July 1941, she was sent to Singapore as part of reinforcements for the 2/13th Australian General Hospital in January 1942. On February 12 1942 she was one of the nurses evacuated by the cargo vessel Empire Star. This ship suffered bomb damage, but after emergency repairs in Batavia (Jakarta) arrived in Freemantle on February 23 1942. Prior to discharge in 1946 she also woked at Duntroon Hospital Gethla also helped establish the Nurses Memorial Centre in St Kilda Rd MelbourneOf significance to the AHNL, as Gethla Forsyth was an Alfred Hospital Nursing graduate (1936)A4 piece of white paper on which is mounted a high quality copy of a black and white portrait photograph along with handwritten notesback of photograph is labeled. Previous catalogue number written at top rightgethla forsyth, world war 1939-1945, world war 1939-1945 nursing, australian army nursing service, alfred hospital, nurses memorial centre-history

Gethla Forsyth, Alfred trainee, served with the Australian Army Nursing Serviceduring World War II. After enlisting in July 1941, she was sent to Singapore as part of reinforcements for the 2/13th Australian General Hospital in January 1992. On February 12 1942 she was one of the nurses evacuated by the cargo vessel Empire Star. This ship suffered bomb damage, but after emergency repairs in Batavia (Jakarta) arrived in Freemantle on February 23 1942. Prior to discharge in 1946 she also woked at Duntroon Hospital Gethla also helped establish the Nurses Memorial Centre in St Kilda Rd MelbourneOf significance to the AHNL, as Gethla Forsyth was an Alfred Hospital Nursing graduate (1936)Domed metal helmet with brim. The top of the dome has a red cross [ made from tape]. The dome is lined with black leather attached by metal fastenigs. There is also a goup photograph including Gethla forsyth holding her helmet'VX65908' is written on the fabric chin strap .gethla forsyth, world war 1939-1945, world war 1939-1945 nursing, australian army nursing service, alfred hospital, nurses memorial centre-history

Gethla Forsyth, Alfred trainee, served with the Australian Army Nursing Serviceduring World War II. After enlisting in July 1941, she was sent to Singapore as part of reinforcements for the 2/13th Australian General Hospital in January 1992. On February 12 1942 she was one of the nurses evacuated by the cargo vessel Empire Star. This ship suffered bomb damage, but after emergency repairs in Batavia (Jakarta) arrived in Freemantle on February 23 1942. Prior to discharge in 1946 she also woked at Duntroon Hospital Gethla also helped establish the Nurses Memorial Centre in St Kilda Rd MelbourneOf significance to the AHNL, as Gethla Forsyth was an Alfred Hospital Nursing graduate (1936)Black and white photocopy of a photograph of Gethla Forsyth in the uniform of the Austaralian Army Nursing Service. Gethla is wearing a coat, hat, tie and gloves and is standing in a brick archway. A4 piece of white paper has four other aricles copied onto it Previous catalogue number written at leftgethla forsyth, world war 1939-1945, world war 1939-1945 nursing, australian army nursing service, alfred hospital, nurses memorial centre-history

Gethla Forsyth, Alfred trainee, served with the Australian Army Nursing Serviceduring World War II. After enlisting in July 1941, she was sent to Singapore as part of reinforcements for the 2/13th Australian General Hospital in January 1992. On February 12 1942 she was one of the nurses evacuated by the cargo vessel Empire Star. This ship suffered bomb damage, but after emergency repairs in Batavia (Jakarta) arrived in Freemantle on February 23 1942. Prior to discharge in 1946 she also woked at Duntroon Hospital Gethla also helped establish the Nurses Memorial Centre in St Kilda Rd Melbourne. This article was written in 1942 after Gethla's return to AustraliaOf significance to the AHNL, as Gethla Forsyth was an Alfred Hospital Nursing graduateCopied on to A4 piece of white paper with four items Previous catalogue number written at left of itemsgethla forsyth, world war 1939-1945, world war 1939-1945 nursing, australian army nursing service, alfred hospital

Gethla Forsyth, Alfred trainee, served with the Australian Army Nursing Serviceduring World War II. After enlisting in July 1941, she was sent to Singapore as part of reinforcements for the 2/13th Australian General Hospital in January 1992. On February 12 1942 she was one of the nurses evacuated by the cargo vessel Empire Star. This ship suffered bomb damage, but after emergency repairs in Batavia (Jakarta) arrived in Freemantle on February 23 1942. Prior to discharge in 1946 she also woked at Duntroon Hospital Gethla also helped establish the Nurses Memorial Centre in St Kilda Rd Melbourne. These aricles were written in 1942 after Gethla's return to AustraliaOf significance to the AHNL, as Gethla Forsyth was an Alfred Hospital Nursing graduateCopy of page from magazine, in addition to the written article there are photographs of four nurses Previous catalogue number written at top right, and centre right margin [black ink]gethla forsyth, world war 1939-1945, world war 1939-1945 nursing, australian army nursing service, alfred hospital

Gethla Forsyth, Alfred trainee, served with the Australian Army Nursing Serviceduring World War II. After enlisting in July 1941, she was sent to Singapore as part of reinforcements for the 2/13th Australian General Hospital in January 1992. On February 12 1942 she was one of the nurses evacuated by the cargo vessel Empire Star. This ship suffered bomb damage, but after emergency repairs in Batavia (Jakarta) arrived in Freemantle on February 23 1942. Prior to discharge in 1946 she also woked at Duntroon Hospital Gethla also helped establish the Nurses Memorial Centre in St Kilda Rd Melbourne. These aricles were written in 1942 after Gethla's return to AustraliaOf significance to the AHNL, as Gethla Forsyth was an Alfred Hospital Nursing graduateA4 piece of white paper on which are copied three newspaper clippings Previous catalogue number written at top right, '1942' written at bootom of page [black ink]gethla forsyth, world war 1939-1945, world war 1939-1945 nursing, australian army nursing service, alfred hospital

Gethla Forsyth, Alfred trainee, served with the Australian Army Nursing Serviceduring World War II. After enlisting in July 1941, she was sent to Singapore as part of reinforcements for the 2/13th Australian General Hospital in January 1992. On February 12 1942 she was one of the nurses evacuated by the cargo vessel Empire Star. This ship suffered bomb damage, but after emergency repairs in Batavia (Jakarta) arrived in Freemantle on February 23 1942. Prior to discharge in 1946 she also woked at Duntroon Hospital Gethla also helped establish the Nurses Memorial Centre in St Kilda Rd Melbourne. This article appeared in the Argus Weekednder after an ANZAC reunion at the Nurses Memorial CentreOf significance to the AHNL, as Gethla Forsyth was an Alfred Hospital Nursing graduate (1936)Black and white photocopy of newpaper clipping with photograph of three women M Muldoon, Gethla Forsyth and V Bullwinkel take at an Anzac Reunion in a room at the War Nurses Memorial Centre St Kilda Rd Melbourne Previous catalogue number written at top leftgethla forsyth, world war 1939-1945, world war 1939-1945 nursing, australian army nursing service, alfred hospital, nurses memorial centre-history

Arthur V Gregory b.1867, d.1957 worked from studio at 326 Albert Road South Melbourne established by his father G F Gregory in 1852. FALIE operated for many years as a cargo ship, largely around South Australia where it formed a strong regional association. During World War II, FALIE was requisitioned by the Royal Australian Navy for service, and was on patrol off Sydney Heads during the mini-submarine raid on Sydney Harbour in May 1942. After the war it returned to commercial service and was retired in 1982. It was then the last working ship representing the South Australian ketch fleet, and along with NELCEBEE ( HV000419) one of the last two working sail powered cargo vessels in South Australia.Water colour painting in painted gilt frameFalie off Cape Schank A.V. Gregory 1934falie, a.v. gregory, water colour, painting

Gethla Forsyth, Alfred trainee, served with the Australian Army Nursing Service during World War II. Gethla was working at the Freemasons Hospital when she was told to report for duty in July 1941. Gethla was sent to Singapore as part of reinforcements for the 2/13th Australian General Hospital in January 1992. On February 12 1942 she was one of the nurses evacuated by the cargo vessel Empire Star. This ship suffered bomb damage, but after emergency repairs in Batavia (Jakarta) arrived in Freemantle on February 23 1942. Prior to discharge in 1946 she also woked at Duntroon Hospital Gethla also helped establish the Nurses Memorial Centre in St Kilda Rd Melbourne. This article appeared in the Argus Weekednder after an ANZAC reunion at the Nurses Memorial CentreOf significance to the AHNL, as Gethla Forsyth was an Alfred Hospital Nursing graduate (1936) Photocopy of hand written diary Underneath is written 'DIARY OF GETHLA FORSYTH' [black ink] and 'Donated by Berry Mcadade (niece)'. Diary is contained by a metal fastening in folder with yellow back and spine with whie insert and clear front cover Previous catalogue number written at top right of first psge, pages have been numbered [in pencil] Underneath the first page is written 'DIARY OF GETHLA FORSYTH' [black ink] and 'Donated by (neice)' ]gethla forsyth, world war 1939-1945, world war 1939-1945 nursing, australian army nursing service, alfred hospital

Gethla Forsyth, Alfred trainee, served with the Australian Army Nursing Serviceduring World War II. After enlisting in July 1941, she was sent to Singapore as part of reinforcements for the 2/13th Australian General Hospital in January 1992. On February 12 1942 she was one of the nurses evacuated by the cargo vessel Empire Star. This ship suffered bomb damage, but after emergency repairs in Batavia (Jakarta) arrived in Freemantle on February 23 1942. Prior to discharge in 1946 she also woked at Duntroon Hospital Gethla also helped establish the Nurses Memorial Centre in St Kilda Rd Melbourne. This article refered to a reunion of AIF nurses (including Gethla Forsyth) with Liutenant general Gordon Bennett after their escape from Singapore in 1942Of significance to the AHNL, as Gethla Forsyth was an Alfred Hospital Nursing graduateA4 page with copy of newspaper clipping - photograph of a man with five women all in uniform. Previous catalogue number written at top right, and centre right margin [black ink]. Underneath theclipping three of the women have been identified 'Atwood', 'Gethla' snd Marg Anderson'gethla forsyth, world war 1939-1945, world war 1939-1945 nursing, australian army nursing service, a.i.f.nurses

Arthur V Gregory b.1867, d.1957 worked from studio at 326 Albert Road South Melbourne established by his father G F Gregory in 1852 SS KATOOMBA of McIlwraith, McEacharn & Co entered the Australian trade in 1887 bringing immigrants from Britain to Queensland. They entered into the fierce competition for passenger trade in the first decades of the 20th century when competition for passengers required companies to provide more than converted cargo vessels. In 1909 their ship KAROOLA won a reputation for its salubrious accommodation and its size, and was the first Australian ship to exceed 7,000 tons. The company maintained the advantage in 1912 by commissioning KATOOMBA, which was larger and more luxurious than all its generation of passenger ships. KATOOMBA was requisitioned as a troopship in both World War I and World War II. It was sold to a Greek company in 1949 and sold for scrap in Japan in 1959.Water colour painting in painted gilt frameA.V Gregory 1929katoomba, a.v. gregory, water colour, painting

The image in this photograph is the 'John Murray', which was owned by the Government of Victoria from 1909 to 1917 as a training vessel. It was built and registered in Glasgow, UK in 1877 as the 'Loch Ryan'. This photograph is a copy of the original photograph, which was owned by Dr J. Douglas, brother o the donor. The iron baque 'Loch Ryan' was a three masted, 1207 ton sailing ship built by James & George Thomson in Glasgow in 1877. It was purposed as a general cargo vessel and owned by the General Shipping Company, known as the Loch Line because the ships were named after Scottish lochs. The company had a fleet of 25 colonial clipper ships that traded between the UK and Australia between 1866 and 1909, mainly from Glasgow to Melbourne, Sydney and Adelaide. Many of the sips, including the Loch Ryan, had a distinctive white stripe on their dark coloured hulls. The 'Loch Ryan' was purchased in 1909 by the Victorian Government's Défense Department and converted for the purposes of a training in Williamstown. In 1910 it was renamed John Murray, whose namesake, John (Jack) Murray (1851-1916) was born near Koroit. He was the 23rd Premier of Victoria (1909-1912), and a Warrnambool Member of Parliament for twenty years. The government commissioned the ship from 1910-1917 for reforming juvenile offenders, training them as seamen for the Navy and Merchant Navy. The training project ceased after reports of the treatment of the boys. Although 411 did their training under this scheme, the success rate of them qualifying to serve on other vessels was less than twenty percent. In 1917 the John Murray was sold to the Government of Australia to serve during WWI. The ship was loaded with a cargo of dynamite and petroleum at San Francisco then departed for Melbourne when, during its passage, it was wrecked at Malden Island reef in the mid-Pacific Ocean on May 29th, 1918.The photograph of the John Murray , formerly the 'Loch Ryan' is significant for its connection with the Loch Line of the General Shipping Company of Glasgow, the same company that owned the Loch Ard, which was wrecked and tragically lost 52 lives. The photograph is also significant for its connection with Victoria's training ship John Murray, which aimed at reforming delinquent juveniles, to be suitable as seamen for Australia's Navy or Merchant Navy. The ship was the namesake of John Murray, so the photograph is also significant for its connection with Victorian and local Government, as John Murray was the 23rd Premier of Victoria and a Warrnambool Member of Parliament for over 20 years. He was born in the local town of Koroit. The photograph is significant as an image of the many clipper ships that traded between the United Kingdom and Australia, with goods collected from other countries along the way.Photograph, black and white, behind glass, matt, framed in black with gold trim. Image is the Government of Victoria's training ship "John Murray". Label attached to back of frame with inscription. Also a square white sticker with handwritten number.Text on label includes: "The "John Murray" / A training ship for delinquent boys about 1910 / Formerly the Loch Ryan / John Murray - Premier of Victoria and Member for Warrnambool for over 20 years / Donated by Elizabeth O'Callaghan / Original photo in possession of Dr J. Douglas / (Brother of Elizabeth O'Callaghan - nee Douglas)" Sticker; handwritten "57"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, the john murray, loch ryan, john murray, loch line, general shipping company, government of victoria, training ship, juvenile reformation, delinquent boys, james & george thomson, iron barque, three masted ship, clipper ship, uk to australia trade, dynamite cargo, petroleum cargo, maldon island reef, 1909-1917

Image depicting the explosion of a ship, filled with TNT and ammunition, hit during the first Japanese air raid on Australia's mainland, at Darwin on 19 February 1942. In the foreground is HMAS Deloraine which survived unscathed. On that day, 236 people were killed when 242 Japanese aircraft, in two separate raids, attacked the town, ships in Darwin's harbour and the town's two airfields in an attempt to prevent the Allies from using them as bases to contest the invasion of Timor and Java during World War II. MV Neptuna was a 5,952 ton cargo motor vessel. and was 1 of 11 sunk during the Japanese air raid on Darwin on 19 February 1942. In January 1942 HMAS Deloraine evaded an attack by the Japanese submarine I-124 north-west of Darwin and was jointly credited with the submarines' sinking after she inflicted the initial damage. The Bombing of Darwin, also known as the Battle of Darwin, on 19 February 1942 was the largest single attack ever mounted by a foreign power on Australia. Brown timber frame containing blue black and white print of ships being bombed.February 19th 1942, Darwin Harbour In the foreground the corvette HMAS Deloraine. Smoke billowing in the background is from burning oil tanks on shore, the mushroom cloud is from the explosionof the ammunition ship Neptuna. Watercolour by Tom Offordbombing of darwin, battle of darwin, 19 february 1942, ww2, mv neptuna, hmas deloraine