Colour photograph: Golden Gate Hotel, High Street, Bendigo. Single storey building, white painted, brown trim. Cantilever porches over doorways. Written in brown 'Golden Gate Hotel' on top of hotel.Now part of Girton College, Bendigo.bendigo, hotel, golden gate hotel

Supplement to the Bendigo Advertiser, December 15, 1999 Volume Seven: 1960-1969 titled Bendigo's Century. The front has a photo of the BCV 8 Studio. Contains photos and local news, council matters, planning, Who's Who, Weather, Sport and Business and some Advertisements. Photos include Early stages in the construction of the Eppalock tower and bridge pillars, Christine Wiseman, TV8's first news reader Ron Alderton, Dr Albert L Beischer, Advertiser buiding, fire at the Advertiser building, Oscar Flight, Bendigo Town Hall, William Basil Ashman, Lake Eppalock, Premier Henry Bolte, Que O'Hoy, Sandhurst Guest House, The Lyric Theatre, E C Thompson, The elm tree in Market Square, Leslie Galvin, The original Myer Store, The Joss House, Sidney Myer, Bendigo Police Barracks, Bunratty Castle, Albert Vivian Gray, The Victoria Hill site, Architects drawing of the new council administrative offices and Noel Beaton MHR.bendigo, history, long gully history group, the long gully history group - bendigo's century volume seven: 1960 - 1969, bendigo advertiser, bcv 8, eppalock dam, premier henry bolte, the criterion hotel, mccarthy family, teachers training college, bendigo original teachers college, long gully state school, stramit, bendigo university site committee, mrs christine wiseman, bendigo city council, the broadcasting control board, general television pty ltd, bendigo central victoria telecasters pty ltd, mr davidson, bennett's arcade, woolworth's, white hills swimming pool, herb elliott, sailor's guide, toni riley pharmacies, rising sun hotel, ron alderton, dr albert l beischer, channel 8, melbourne herald, 3bo, bendigo advertiser officeslyceum theatre, junior technical school white hills, mount alvernia hospital, most reverend dr b d stewart, sisters of the franciscan missionaries of the divine motherhood, lazarus family, bendigo's tramways, state electricity commission, george pethard, lance pethard, bendigo advertiser fire 29/7/1962, riverine herald, the herald and weekly times, bendigo art gallery, oscar flight, hollands foundry, eaglehawk u.f.s. dispensary, gillies famous pies, william basil ashman, golden gate hotel, grieves family, bendigo town hall, mr r r anderson, mr e h brown, cr neville oliver, cr tom flood, traffic commission, lansell family, abev-1, bendigo ordnance factory, actu, bendigo trades hall council, the ramsay report, bendigo benevolent home, bendigo home and hospital for the aged, princess theatre, amoco, lake eppalock, bendigo training prison, bendigo police station lock-up, shamrock hotel, rifle brigade hotel, hopetoun hotel, anz bank, marong shire offices, sir rohan delacombe, st paul's church, que o'hoy, waldron family, windermere hotel, aids & appliance shop, anne caudle centre, e c thompson, mayfair hams, sandhurst guest house, lyric theatre, chinese joss house, ordnance factory, sir john jenson, bridge street chinese quarter, bendigo city hall, cr r f turner, cr tom flood, victorian inland meat authority, new zealand insurance co, mrtropolitan security service, bendigo easter fair society, golden square high school, eaglehawk high school, bendigo technical college, mr ralph w birrell, bendigo fountain plaza, the bethlehem home for the aged, dick hazeldene, victorian egg board, bendigo united cricket club, south bendigo united cricket club, western mining corporation, les priest, alexandra fountain, bendigo advertiser, cr w cambridge, bendigo council, eaglehawk council, strathfieldsaye shire, huntly shire, marong shire, david thomas, senator john gorton, bendigo's college of advanced education, bank of new south wales, harp and shamrock hotel, the honorable leslie william galvin, kurmala, cain government, hanro knitting mills, myer store, sidney myer, davey brothers grocery store, national trust, myer emporium, myer's ltd, cox bros (australia) ltd, dame merlyn myer, baillieu myer, frank greenaway, institute of technology, gas & fuel corporation, bendigo railway station, anz bank, city family hotel, tab branch, senior constable alfred herbert wright, senior constable allan raymond brown, victorian football league, bendigo police barracks, camp hill state school, state electricity commission, the country party, the labor party, transport regulation board, stuart anderson, grose family, jean theodore de ravin, kyneton shire, sir william mcdonald, mines department, the loddon hospitals region group laundry and central linen service, kevin wynne, albert vivian gray, bradford cotton mills ltd, bradmill industries ltd, victoria hill, bendigo and district tourist association, professor brian lewis, melbourne university, victorian chinese community, loong, sun loong, stafford ellinson, coles' store, north deborah mining company nl, noel beaton mhr, durham ox hotel, taylor family

Slide. Bendigo Views. High St., Bendigo with view of the Cathedral and the Golden Gate Hotel on the corner with the rounded veranda. Some people riding bikes and some cars on the street. Also the tram tracks and their overhead wires.slide, bendigo, bendigo views, bendigo views

Document. Connelly, Tatchell & Dunlop. Legal papers. 1 - 1909 - 1910 - Richardson James re costs, re sale of Hotel, you ats Police, re Poole. Includes accounts from Miss McKinnon, 'Inverness' Private Hospital, McKenzie Street, Bendigo, Long W J (Surgeon) Rowan Street Bendigo, Wallis Alf E & Co (Stock & Property Agents), Peters A L J (Pharmaceutical & Dispensing Chemist). Mentions Guidice Mr, Intemann Mrs, Anderson Mr, Golden Gate Hotel, Crofts Mr, Caulfield Hall Inebriate Asylum, Shelbourne Hotel.cottage, miners, connelly, tatchell & dunlop, richardson j, poole, mckinnon miss, inverness priv hospital, long w j, wallis a e & co, peters a l j, guidice mr, intemann mrs, anderson mr, goden gate hotel, crofts mr, caulfield hall inebriate asylum, shelbourne hotel

Set of 20 digital images of Bendigo Tramways, 1972 at or before closure while on a tram tour by Stuart Lodington. .1 - No. 28 and 5 at Eaglehawk terminus .2 - No. 28 leaving Charing Cross and travelling into View St with Armstrong Type Service building in background and Firestone Advertisements. .3 - No. 29 with Eaglehawk Town Hall and Post Office in background. .4 - No. 26 and 29 at start of double track, High St Eaglehawk .5 - No. 29 leaving Eaglehawk with shops in the background, Foodland, J. Bests .6 - No. 29 and 23 crossing Manchester Loop with Manchester Arms Hotel in the background and an old poppet head. .7 - No. 29 at ditto with poppet head in the background. .8 - No. 28 and two other trams at the Quarry Hill terminus. .9 - No. 29 in High St Bendigo with the Cathedral and Golden Gate Hotel in the background. .10 - No. 3 with destination Eaglehawk, in bound Carpenter St? .11 - No. 29 following a single trucker through a loop or the end of the double track near the depot. .12 - No. 23?, at Eaglehawk terminus, with Eaglehawk Town Hall in the background. .13 - Birney tram crossing the bridge at the Depot entrance - No. 29 .14 - No. 29 on the Eaglehawk line? .15 - as for .13 .16 - No. 29 entering the depot. .17 - No. 23, inbound from Eaglehawk, at Jobs Gully Loop with the railway overbridge in the background. .18 - No. 28 and two other trams (see also Reg Item 4982) for the same tram tour at Myrtle St. Loop. .19 - No. 21 with North Bendigo on the destination approaching the Golden Square terminus. .20 - No. 7 at Golden Square terminustrams, tramways, bendigo, eaglehawk, quarry hill, golden square, depot, tram 5, tram 29, tram 28, tram 26, tram 23, tram 7, tram 21

ELTHAM HERITAGE TOUR The Society excursion on 24th May 1992 was arranged by David Bick, leader of the team carrying out the Shire's heritage study. David selected a number of sites or buildings identified in the study, some of them lesser known components of the Shire's heritage. The tour commenced at the Eltham Shire Office at 10.00 am. Travel was by private car and mini-bus with stops at about twelve locations for commentary by David.It included a short walk in Hurstbridge and lunch at Kinglake. Highlights of the tour included: - 10 am Leave from Shire Offices - 3 Important Trees - A Physical Link to Eltham's First Settlers - Toorak Mansion Gates - A Surviving Farm House - An Intact Circa 1900 Main Street - First Settlers - Gold Miners, and Timber-getters - An Early Hotel - A Pioneering Homestead - Changing Eltham Shire - 20th Century - 4 pm Afternoon Tea and Finish Tour Extract from ELTHAM CULTURAL HERITAGE TOUR (Newsletter No. 85, July 1992, by Bettina Woodburn) "Commencing with a quick walk to see the magnificent bell at the Eltham Fire Station, we then 'drove along Arthur Street. Here were examples of what constitutes the building environment of Eltham. Massed among the wattles and eucalypts were golden cypress and pines; No. 50 was an exotic 'old English' manor-house; No. 93 had bluestone gateposts, from Fenton Road Toorak (as with Montsalvat, using re-cycled building material was very much the trend); past the natural Reserve dedicated to the artist Walter Withers, a plaque on a huge boulder; and on both sides houses in the various modes - timber with wrought iron decor, brick-some more recent than others, decades of 'suburbia'."Record of the Society's history and activities and highlighting various aspects of the Heritage Study undertaken by David Bick used to create the future heritage overlay for the Shire of Eltham and later Nillumbik Shire.Roll of 35mm colour negative film, 4 stripsKodak Gold 100 5095eltham, main road, shire of eltham historical society, activities, heritage tour, cfa

When these photos were taken Geoffrey Biddington was highly involved with the Ballarat Branch of the National Trust. At one time Her Majesty's Theatre was known as the Memorial Theatre. Lenaghan of Tourello "Master Dan Lenaghan, eldest son of Mr. and Mrs. R. Lenaghan, of Tourello, has been successful in obtaining a Government scholarship, tenable for four years at St. Patrick's College, Ballarat.(Melbourne Advocate, 02 March 1939) Two Black folders of Ballarat photographs as follows: .1) Interior of Ballarat Railway Station .2) Interior of Ballarat Railway Station .3) Craig's Hotel .4) Craig's Hotel .5) Craig's Hotel .6) Craig's Hotel .7) Ballarat Fine Art Gallery later Art Gallery of Ballarat .8) Cuthberts, corner Lydiard and Mair Streets .9) Golden City Hotel (GCs) .10) Golden City Hotel (GCs) .11) Reid's Coffee Palace .12) Alexandria Tea Rooms, neighbouring Old Colonists' Club, Ballarat, Lydiard Street North .13) ? .14 Caste iron drink fountain, corner of Strurt and Drummond Streets, October 1967 .15) Lal Lal Blast Furnace .16) Ballarat Botanical Garden Gates .17) Ballaarat Old Cemetery Gates .18) Novar gate .19) Ballaarat Old Cemetery Gates .20) ? .21) Webster Street .22) Doveton Street South .23) ? .24) ? .25) .26) .27) Iron hitching Rail .28) Iron hitching Rail .30) Postal Box, Corner or Armstrong Street South and Eyre Street, October 1967 .31) Iron Drinking Fountain in the Ballarat Botanical Gardens .32) Iron Drinking Fountain in the Ballarat Botanical Gardens .33) Killarney, Warrenheip .34) Killarney, Warrenheip .35) Killarney, Warrenheip .36) Killarney, Warrenheip .37) Bailey's Mansion, Drummond Street .38) Bailey's Mansion, Drummond Street .39) Beaufort House .40) Beaufort House .41) ? .42) ? .43) ? .44) ? .45) ? .46) ? .47) ? .48) Lenaghan's Tourello, February 1968 .49) Lenaghan's Tourello, February 1968 .50) ? .51) ? .52) ? .53) ? .54) ? .55) ? .56) ? .57) ? .58) ? .59) ? .70) Her Majesty's Theatre, Lydiard Street .71) Her Majesty's Theatre, Lydiard Street .72) Dana Street Primary School, September 1967 .73) Ballarat School of Mines Administration Building, September 1967 .74) Eureka Street Primary School ? .75) Selkirk Brick Chimney? .76) Grigsby's Foundry, Mair Street, September 1967 .77) Pratt's Warehouse, Camp Street .78) Premises of R. And R.A. Williams, Mair Street, September 1967 .79) City Oval Grandstand, with fire training tower in the background, .80) City Oval Grandstand .81) City Oval Grandstand .82) Smythesdale Post Office, October 1967 .83) Court House Hotel. Smythesdale, October 1967 .84) Smythesdale, October 1967ballarat, buildings, bluestone, iron, architecture, biddington, geoff biddington, railway, old colonists, lal lal blast furnace, beaufort house, her majesty's theatre, craig's hotel, botanical gardens, bailey, cuthbert, lenaghan, tourello, smythesdale post office, court house hotel, smythesdale, smythesdale, alexandria tea rooms, cast iron, eureka street primary school, dana street primary school, ballarat school of mines administration building, grigsby brass founder, foundry, pratt's warehouse, selkirk bricks, grandstand, court house hotel

These images were taken by Geoff Biddington who was highly active in the Ballarat Branch of the National Trust. Twenty two black and white photographic views of Ballarat by Geoff Biddington. 1. Ballarat Mechanics' Institute 2. 18-20 Lyons Street south, Ballarat 3. Licensed grocer (Corner Eyre and Lyons Street South) featuring Ballarat Bertie Sign 4. Cast Iron Gasometer Frames 5. Former Ballarat Supreme Court (Ballarat School of Mines Electrical Engineering 6. Telegraph Station (Castlemaine?) 7. Ballarat Fine Art Gallery (later Art Gallery of Ballarat) 8. Former Ballarat Police Station, Camp Street 9. Former Baptist Church, Dawson Street 10. Craig's Hotel Lamp 11-13. Goller's, Camp Street 14. Old Post Box- Crown on Top 15. Former Ballarat Gaol Gates 16. Golden Point Football Club Rooms, Main Road 17. Ballarat Fire Station, Ballarat East 18. Ballarat Town Hall Tower 19. Ballan Hotel 20. Building on Inglis street, Ballan 21. Ballan News Building (Est 1872) 22. Adam Lindsay Gordon Cottagebiddington, ballarat mechanics' institute, ballaarat mechanics' institute, mechanics institute, gasometer, ballarat police station, police, baptist church, craig's hotel, goller, post box, crown, golden point, ballarat town hall, ballan hotel, adam lindsay gordon cottage, ballarat gaol gates, wrought iron, bluestone, ballarat bertie, orlando, penfolds, signwriting, licensed grover, ballarat bitter, craig's royal hotel lamp, craig's hotel

Article titled The Bendigo Post Office, compiled by L C Bennetts. Mentioned is the history of the Bendigo Post Office and postmarks, some information on mining, Bendigo foundries, Underground connections of mines, expenses and shaft sinking costs. Also mentioned is Bendigo and Eaglehawk - 60 years ago and the role the pubs played in daily living. They were where theatres, concerts and dances were held, and the meeting rooms for clubs and lodges, even church benefits. Listed is a number of Bendigo hotels. Some even had a few names. Names of the pubs are: The Freemasons, The Courthouse, The Commercial Law Courts, The Hamburg, The European, The Prince Bismark, The Lord Kitchener, The Bendigo, The Rosalind Park, The Showgrounds, Atheneum Club, Olivers, Bridge Hotel, Bourkes, The Globe, The Hibernia, Albert, Albion, Abbotts, Australian, Belvidere, Beehive, British Queen, Black Eagle, British and American, Brian Boru, Bakers Arms, Butchers Arms, Brick Layers Arms, Bull and Mouth, Cresent, Clarence, Back Creek Bridge, Cape Clear, Crooked Billet, Cambridgeshire Arms, Camp, Coach and Horses, Cricketers Arms, Diggers Rest, Ellesmere, Five Lions, Franklyn, Golden Square, Golden Gate, Golden Gully, Golden Age, Golden Vine, Gumtree, Glasgow Reef, Great Britain, Haymarket, Daniel O'Connell, Half Way House, Fleece Inn, Ironbark, Johnsons Reef, Lancashire, Live and Let Live, Manchester Arms, Gold Mines, Metropolitan, Crown, National, New Chum, Honeysuckle Street, Pavilion, Napier Arms, Quartz Miners Arms, Retreat Inn, Rainbow, Rose of Australia, Lake View, Robin Hood, Fountain, Southern Cross, Bath, Berlin, Spring Gully, Star, Sir Charles Hotham, Silvermines, Royal Oak, Suburban, Town Hall, Temperance, Ship Inn, View Point, View Bend, Victoria, Exchange, American, Arcade, Belfast, All Nations, Union, United Kingdom, Union Jack, Westend, Washington, Waterloo, Wellington, Whitehorse, Wheat Sheaf, Yorkshire, Niagra and Noahs Ark.bendigo, history, long gully history group, the long gully history group - the bendigo post office, l c bennetts, mt alexander post office, porcupine inn, cenotaph, pike or pyke, baby health centre, sandhurst post office, government survey office, queen elizabeth oval, sandhurst trustees company, mr h b briston, savings bank, telegraph office, the sub-treasury, sir henry brougham lock kcb, sir john nimmo mla, prince of wales group of mines, the new prince of wales, eaglehawk golf links, new prince of wales no 2, the whip and jersey, mines department, lansell's big 180, new chum and victoria mine and battery, new chum railway, koch's pioneer, south new moon, catherine reef united, new moon, the virginia, south bell vue, central nell gwynne, north nell gwynne, miner's phthisis, hercules engine house, ironbark, new chum syncline, hercules energetic, roberts & sons, harkness & co, horwoods, great southern, ulster, carlisle, lansells big 180, victoria quartz, new st mungo, duchess tribute, south devonshire, hopewell mine, saxby mine, mcnair & co, shamrock, mr king, burke and wills expedition, sandhurst hotel, courthouse, hiberian, the freemasons, the courthouse, the commercial law courts, the hamburg, the european, the prince bismark, the lord kitchener, the bendigo, the rosalind park, the showgrounds, atheneum club, olivers, bridge hotel, bourkes, the globe, the hibernia, albert, albion, abbotts, australian, belvidere, beehive, british queen, black eagle, british and american, brian boru, bakers arms, butchers arms, brick layers arms, bull and mouth, cresent, clarence, back creek bridge, cape clear, crooked billet, cambridgeshire arms, camp, coach and horses, cricketers arms, diggers rest, ellesmere, five lions, franklyn, golden square, golden gate, golden gully, golden age, golden vine, gumtree, glasgow reef, great britain, haymarket, daniel o'connell, half way house, fleece inn, ironbark, johnsons reef, lancashire, live and let live, manchester arms, gold mines, metropolitan, crown, national, new chum, honeysuckle street, pavilion, napier arms, quartz miners arms, retreat inn, rainbow, rose of australia, lake view, robin hood, fountain, southern cross, bath, berlin, spring gully, star, sir charles hotham, silvermines, royal oak, suburban, town hall, temperance, ship inn, view point, view bend, victoria, exchange, american, arcade, belfast, all nations, union, united kingdom, union jack, westend, washington, waterloo, wellington, whitehorse, wheat sheaf, yorkshire, niagra, noahs ark

Set of 25 transparencies taken on 26/2/1972 on Kodak mounts. 1204.1 - Bendigo No. 5 - just arrived at Manchester Loop near Havilah Road, Long Gully. Photo taken after tram has passed photographer. 1204.2 - No. 26 in Backhaus St. Long Gully passing William St, en route to Quarry Hill. Photo taken after tram has passed photographer. 1204.3 - No. 5 climbing the High St. Hill Eaglehawk, heading for Quarry Hill with the buildings on the West side of High St. in the background, including the Eaglehawk Town Hall. 1204.4 - as for 1204.3, but tram close up. 1204.5 - as for 1204.3, but after tram has passed photographer. 1204.6 - No. 5 at intersection of Mt Korong Road Ironbark and Calder Highway, with the AMPOL service 'station in the background. Photo taken after tram has passed photographer. 1204.7 - No. 26 en route to Quarry Hill shortly after leaving Needle Loop, passing William St., Long Gully. 1204.8 - No. 5 at California Gully Loop, picking up a passenger, with the shops at Long Gully in the background. Photo taken after tram has passed photographer. 1204.9 - No. 5 in Long Gully, en route to Quarry Hill. Photo taken after tram has passed photographer. 1204.10 - No. 2 at Eaglehawk terminus with the Eaglehawk Town Hall and Post Office in the background. Tram has two SEC roof ads. 1204.11 - No. 2 at Eaglehawk terminus, close up. 1204.12 - as for 1204.11, but through the park gates. 1204.13 - as for 1204.11, but with tram stop shelters in the foreground and buildings on the West side of High St in the background. 1204.14 - No. 2 in Mt. Korong Rd, midway between California Gully Loop and Needle Loop. Photo taken after tram has passed photographer. 1204.15 - No. 5 in Long Gully, en route to Quarry Hill. 1204.16 - as for 1204.15, but with trams departed loop. Has an ESSO service station in the background. 1204.17 - No. 26 leaves Charing Cross up View St.. Photo taken after tram has passed photographer. Has Armstrong Tyre Service, Cohns Drinks ad on a building and the T&G building in the background. Also Firestone ads on the tyre service building. 1204.18 - No. 5 waits at Charing Cross with the Alexandra Fountain in the background. Tram has two SEC roof ads, 'Everything s fine in my all electric kitchen' and 'Electricity Best for Cooking'. Has RACV, Colonial Mutual Life buildings in the background and the planting areas around Charing Cross gardens in the foreground. 1204.19 - No. 21 en route to North Bendigo arrives at Charing Cross, with passengers waiting to board. No. 5 in the background. In the background is the Fountain Gate Plaza building and the City Family Hotel. 1204.20 - as for 1204.19, but with No. 7 en route to Golden Square. 1204.21 - as for 1204.19, but closer up. 1204.22 - as for 1204.18 1204.23 - No. 25 in Nolan St. near the crossing of Bendigo Creek, running a special tram tour. 1204.24 - No. 25 on a special charter, in Weeroona Ave. at Cnr of Caledonia St. passing the Gas works. 1204.25 - Nos. 25 (showing Golden Square), 7 and 26 at Charing Cross. Has fountain in the background.Information written on in blue ink and date stamped on purple ink. 1204.1 - "No. 5 at Manchester Loop, near Havilah Rd. Long Gully." 1204.2 - "No. 26 in Backhaus St. Long Gully passing William St." 1204.3 - "No. 5 in High St. Eaglehawk." 1204.4 - "No. 5 in High St. Eaglehawk." 1204.5 - "No. 5 in High St. Eaglehawk." 1204.6 - "No. 5 in Mt. Korong Rd., Ironbark, passing Calder Highway Junctn." 1204.7 - "No. 26 shortly after leaving Needle Loop, passing William St., Long Gully. No. 5 cresting hill in distance." 1204.8 - "No. 5 at California Gully Loop." 1204.9 - "No. 5 in Long Gully" 1204.10 - "No. 2 at Eaglehawk terminus." 1204.11 - "No. 2 at Eaglehawk terminus." 1204.12 - "No. 2 at Eaglehawk terminus." 1204.13 - "No. 2 at Eaglehawk terminus." 1204.14 - "No. 2 in Mt. Korong Rd, midway between California Gully Loop and Needle Loop. 1204.15 - "Nos. 2 and 26 crossing at Long Gully." 1204.16 - "No. 26 leaves Long Gully loop for Eaglehawk as No. 2 pulls out of the far end towards Bendigo" 1204.17 - "No. 26 beginning the climb up View St. from Charing Cross." 1204.18 - "No. 5 at Charing Cross." 1204.19 - "No 21 arrives at Charing Cross from Golden Square while No. 5 awaits departure time for Eaglehawk." 1204.20 - "Nos. 7, 21, and 2 (behind which is No. 5) at Charing Cross." 1204.21 - "Nos. 7, 21, and 2 at Charing Cross." 1204.22 - "No. 5 at Charing Cross." 1204.23 - "No. 25 in Nolan St. near Bendigo creek crossing" 1204.24 - "No. 25 in Weeroona Ave. at cnr of Caledonia St." 1204.25 - "Nos. 25, 7, 26 and 2 (behind 26) at Charing Cross."tramways, trams, bendigo, eaglehawk, long gully, california gully, charing cross, north bendigo, tram 2, tram 5, tram 7, tram 21, tram 25, tram 26

A5 size publication of the Gipps-Land Gate, July - December 1982, 16 pages, featuring an old picture of Dandenong on the cover. Personalities Behind The Headstones Snippets Remember When Blacks Camped Near Mason Street Dusty Main Street An Old Landmark Disappears Town Hall Clock Heading For Golden Jubilee How Did Noble Park Get It's Name? Some More Noble Park Memories Harking Back 75 Years Ago Keeping Posted An interesting group of Early Dandenong Personalities, Places and Eventshotel history, early education in dandenong, interesting milestones, family histories