Species accounts of snakes across Australia.Maps, colour photographssnakes, reptiles

Greensborough has slithered its way into first place as the snake capital in Melbourne's northeast.News article 1 page, black text.greensborough, snakes, nillumbik, mark pelley

Newspaper cutting from The Sun, October 25, 1944, p. 8. The photo shows 2 students and a snake. Article with the caption: "A surprise find by Leslie Woolcock, who went on a wildflower excursion yesterday, was this copperhead snake, which he killed and brought to the Wild Nature Show at the Hawthorn Town Hall. Here Leslie and his excursion companion Miss Grace Douglas , of the Burnley Horticultural School, are seen with the snake. Leslie Woolcock graduated in 1944.leslie woolcock, grace douglas, the sun, strudents, snakes, excursion, wild nature show, wildflower excursion

Letters to the Editor, Diamond Valley Leader, 18/11/2015 discussing environmental issues in Nillumbik and the truck ban on Rosanna Road.News clipping, black text, colour image.truck curfew, nillumbik

This book records the stories of the soldier settler families in the Hawkesdale, Macarthur and Penshurst area after WWII, covering the estates of Kangertong, Glengleeson, Eerilya, Alanvale, Deerhurst, Moyne Falls, East Elwood, Gerrigerrup, Young's, Stonefield, Morpor and Weerangourt, with a section on the early recording of first Australians by von Guerard and Dowling.This book is significant as it records the experiences of the returned soldiers who settled in the Hawkesdale, Macarthur and Penshurst districts following WWII, their early living conditions, development of their farms, family and community life as told by many of the settlers and their children. A discussion of the work of Eugene von Guerard and Robert Dowling who painted images of places and people throughout the area in the mid-19th century is included.A4 soft bound book with photograph of timber house in country location with post and wire fence and three children walking towards the house; a girl in light-coloured dress carrying a school case is in the middle with a boy in crossover top shorts with school bag over their right shoulders on either side of her. Text is black.military history, soldier settlement wwii, hawkesdale, macarthur, penshurst, eugene von guerard, robert dowling, first australians

At the time of manufacture, circa 1940's, the first aid treatment for snake bites, was to lance(cut) open the bite, wash it out and apply a ligature or tourniquet between the bite and the heart. This method was abandoned later after scientific evidence suggested that it was better to stop the blood system from carrying the poison to the heart (pressure immobilization). Australian snakes do not have long fangs therefore deep incisions into main arteries is rare. This research took many years to develop therefore the information supplied with the "Sanax" kits of this era is well outdated. Rural areas were more attuned to the possibilities of snake activity on farms, in sheds and in out houses and farm homesteads. This was not the case for mainly city and large townships environments. The mice plagues in wheat areas during the warmer month s has always been a high risk time for encountering snakesThese snake bite kits were issued to workers on the Kiewa Hydro Electricity Scheme. Some of these snake bite kits were kept at doctor's surgeries e.g. Bogong Village, House 13. The kit was carried by bushwalkers, scouts, farmers and high plains cattlemen. This item is of significance because it demonstrates the main dangers faced by all rural industries and towns, especially remote areas, and the portable remedies that where required as a necessity of the Australian bush environment. This item was in use at a time when the air ambulance and rescue facilities were not in existence and remote locations were more isolated and the availability of anti venom was hard to obtain locally.This item is a red coloured cardboard box(250 - 300 g/m) with white writing and containing the following 12 items. 7 clear red coloured capsules, 2 opaque red plastic capsules, 2 wooden capsules and 1 brass screw on capsule. The capsules are divided into two sections (compartments) horizontally. Each compartment has a screw lid. One compartment contains a lancet (for piercing the snake bite) and the other compartment contains the "Condy's" crystals compete with tightly rolled instructions.On top of the pull up lid, and flanked by two coiled snakes (at the strike position) is printed: "Trade Sanax Mark" below this " SNAKE and SPIDER BITE OUTFIT" and below this with instructions for use". Front side: "Sanax snake and spider bite outfit" underneath "Nepean Highway Morabbin" The later printing has been severely scratched but decipherable. The back side of the box has "Note to the retailer" and due to wear no more of the writing can be read. Each side of the box is printed "SANAX" snake, spider, first aid, kiewa hydro scheme, portable medical supplies

Rectangular silver plaque depicting a boy with two standing snakes. Nonematcham skipper, silver, plaque, boy, snakes

Snakes and Ladders and Motor ride games used by the Meyers family.1 A 'Motor Ride' board game. 100 places set on a country road and ending with a 'Home' in a house. Green background with yellow squares . 2 'Snakes and Ladders' board game with squares 1to 100 yellow and green squares with 7 ladders and 8 snakesMotor Ride National trade marktoys, games

Prior to the first antivenom development in Australia, many of the snake men had a vast array of snakebite remedies they either used for themselves in the case of bites or pedaled to the public. Treatments such as ammonia, strychnine, chlorinated lime, potassium permanganate, suction caps, alcohol, gunpowder, petrol, toad urine, iodide swabs and pig face plant juice were some that were used and sold. The first antivenom produced in Australia was in 1930 for tiger snake bites. Subsequently, in response to public pressure, other antivenoms were produced. Taipan, 1955; Brown snake, 1956; Death Adder, 1958; Papuan black snake, 1959; Sea snake, 1961; and the polyvalent, 1962.Black box with hinged opening and gold leaf printed text on the top. Inside the box is lined with blue satin and velvet, and contains one (1) syringe with glass chamber and metal plunger and black rubber stopper, one (1) glass bottle with a label stating it contains chloride of lime, one (1) glass bottle with a label stating it contains pure alcohol and two (2) needles with metal connectors, one of which is broken. There is also a small wooden block with a groove in the top of it.Gold lettering on top of box: CHLORIDE OF LIME ANTIDOTE / FOR / SNAKE BITE / FELTON GRIMWADE & CO. / MELBOURNE.hydrochloride lime, alcohol, antidote, venom, snake bite

Brass belt buckle. Rectangular shaped ring to fit around belt with small circle eyelet fused on to hold a "S" shaped clasp.The Clasp is in the form of snake with a head of both ends. S shape clasp has some markings on it and head of snake at both ends.

Black and white photograph, showing eastern end of Rigby Island, Snake Island, at Lakes Entrance, VictoriaColour photograph, showing eastern end of Rigby Island, Snake Island, at Lakes Entrance, Victoriaislands, waterways, topography, room display

An account of a snakebite which occured during a gardening activity in Blackburn. The victim Mrs Mann had received enough venom from the bite to kill a child. The snake was identifies as either a copperhead or black snake. The article contained information on how to treat snake bite and advice on keeping gardens snake free.A snakebite which occured during a gardening activity in Blackburn. csl, melbourne geo, snakes, box hill hospital, mann gwen, goulopoulos, tom, black snake, copperhead snake, st vincents intensive care unit

Black and white photograph, showing eastern end of Rigby Island, Snake Island, at Lakes Entrance, VictoriaBlack and white photograph, showing eastern end of Rigby Island, Snake Island, at Lakes Entrance, Victoriaislands, waterways, topography, room display

There is no known information about the species of snake that this skin belongs to. However, generally speaking, Australia has over two hundred known species of snakes. They are elongated, legless and carnivorous reptiles with scaly, textured skin. Snakes are especially important in Aboriginal dreaming, representing one of the great and powerful forces of nature and spirit. In the Rainbow Serpent Dreamtime story, they are considered the great life giver and protector of water, which is their spiritual home. This specimen is part of a collection of almost 200 animal specimens that were originally acquired as skins from various institutions across Australia, including the Australian Museum and the National Museum of Victoria, as well as individuals such amateur anthropologist Reynell Eveleigh Johns between 1860-1880. These skins were then mounted by members of the Burke Museum Committee and put-on display in the formal space of the Museum’s original exhibition hall where they continue to be on display. This display of taxidermy mounts initially served to instruct visitors to the Burke Museum of the natural world around them, today it serves as an insight into the collecting habits of the 19th century. This specimen is part of a significant and rare taxidermy mount collection in the Burke Museum. This collection is scientifically and culturally important for reminding us of how science continues to shape our understanding of the modern world. They demonstrate a capacity to hold evidence of how Australia’s fauna history existed in the past and are potentially important for future environmental research. This collection continues to be on display in the Museum and has become a key part to interpreting the collecting habits of the 19th century.Caramel coloured long snake skin curled around in an oval shape.taxidermy mount, taxidermy, animalia, burke museum, beechworth, australian museum, skin, reynell eveleigh johns, snake skin, snake, reptile

An unusually hot spring has seen snakes out to bask in the sun in Nillumbik and Banyule backyards.News article 1 page, black text.banyule, nillumbik, snakes

Walking sticks with carved snakes such as this one were very popular household items in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and were often given as presents to older men. They were novelty pieces of carving requiring considerable skill and patience and walking sticks were usually hand-made in those days. This walking stick has no known local provenance but it is a fine example of a hand-made household item of 100 to 150 years ago This is a piece of brown wood with the shaft of the stick carved to a smooth round shape tapering down towards the end and with a snake shape carved over the shaft from the same piece of wood. The head of the snake juts out from the shaft top and the snake has scaly patterns worked on its surface. The stick has a larger round knob at the top and a metal covering at the bottom. When the stick is held upright and twirled around it gives the impression of a snake coiling and moving up the stick. household items, walking sticks

These beads were made by Fred Walker, then of Wodonga, during the Depression. He created them to make additional income when work was scarce. They were sold for 3 shillings per necklace. The snakes he caught were boiled to separate the flesh from the bones. After saturating the market in Wodonga, Fred and a friend took to the road. At one stage they travelled with live snakes which had been de-fanged and kept them alive with frogs until more necklaces were needed. He travelled much of the east coast of Australia until the economic conditions improved, when he settled in Melbourne. After the death of his wife in the mid 1970s, Fred took to the road again, resurrecting the making of snake jewellery as he travelled the countryside. These beads were purchased by Mrs. Lilian Black of Kergunyah, Victoria when Fred Walker visited her family farm in the 1930s.These beads demonstrate enterprising activities carried out by Australian people in order to survive during the Great Depression of the 1930s.A necklace made from black beads and treated snake bones. There are 5 coloured beads in the middle of the necklace.snake jewellery, the great depression, survival during the depression

Cash's first began manufacturing name tags, woven badges and woven labels in Australia in 1913, and since then countless Cash's labels have been sewn onto school and club jumpers. The Boy Scouts commissioned this point paper design featuring a boy, puma and snake. It is inspired by imagery from Kipling’s Jungle Book.Point paper design featuring boy, puma and snake. Corresponding clothing label attachedtextile design, design

postcard taken from Jemmys Point with SS Gippsland in the Narrows passing Rigby Island, Snake Island and outer barrier in distanceBlack and white copy of postcard taken from Jemmys Point with SS Gippsland in the Narrows passing Rigby Island, Snake Island and outer barrier in distancevegetation, waterfront, gippsland lakes, topography, boats and boating

The former manse is located at 954 Linton-Carngham Road. According to the donor these image copies were used in an exhibition, and distributed at the conclusion. The originals are thought to be in the collection of Snake Valley HIstorical Society.Black and white photograph mounted onto strawboard showing the a brick building with iron lace work around the verandah. It is the Cargnham-Snake Valley Presbyterian Manse, and the Rev. J.S. Drummond, his wife and two children are featured in the foreground. snake valley, carngham, j.s. drummond, presbyterian manse

This badge belonged to F.J. Browne and would have been worn during World War I. Hermes (Mercury) was the messenger of the gods and known for carrying a staff known as the Caduceus. The caduceus included two snakes topped off with a set of wings. Caduceus is from the Greek root meaning “herald’s wand”.Francis James Browne died in Sydney 1963. He had a long career in obstetrics and gynaecology. Summary of appointments include: General Practice in Wales, Maternity Department of the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, 1st director of obstetric unit, University College Hospital London. Retired and continued postgraduate teaching in London and NSW. Married to Grace Cuthbert, who was director of Maternal and Baby Welfare in NSW. Collection of objects transferred from the Archives to the Museum collection found amongst Professor FJ Browne's papers.Brass badge depicting a crown mounted on top of a caduceus (image of two snakes wrapped around a staff topped by wings). Clip attached to back of badge is inscribed 'FIRMIN LONDON'.numismatics, browne fj, world war i

Liquor ammonie was an antidote for snake bites in the late 19th century. George Halford, a medical professor at Melbourne University promoted ammonia injections to stimulate the heart and reinvigorate the blood. Inspired by experiments in dogs, his suggestion to intravenously dose snakebitten patients with an acknowledged poison was certainly controversial. The prevailing treatments, for doctors and laity, were ligature, cutting and sucking the wound, rest (or vigorous exercise), and prodigious quantities of alcohol. Support for ‘Halford’s injection’ nevertheless grew: Victorian doctors, chemists and citizens extolled its effectiveness in both human and animal patients. (Info. from Spectacular serpents: Snakebite in colonial Australia)This item is a useful research tool.A one sheet tabular list of cases of snake bite treated by the injection of liquor ammonie. There are pinholes in each corner.on front - Harry Richardsonsnake-bite australian-medical-journal halford-george

74p./ This history is more about the people that have been through this club than the statistics. It is about the larrikins, characters, the bad boys, the fun times, the friendships forged over a lifetime, the comedians, the stalwarts and the snake oil salesmen.74p./ This history is more about the people that have been through this club than the stats. It is about the larrikins, characters, the bad boys, the fun times, the friendships forged over a lifetime, the comedians, the stalwarts and the snake oil salesmen.canterbury football club, australian foortball teams, (mr) brian coleman, shrublands, balwyn road, canterbury, malone's hotel, (mr) brendan allen, (mr) don allsop, (mr) don alsop, (mr) glen archer, (mr) nicholas ardley, (mr) r ashton, (mr) w j atkinson, (mr) a austin, (ms) sue bach, (mr) bob bailey, (mr) ted bailey, (mr) lindsay baillie, (mr) - bakaitis, (mr) s bakaitis, (mr) d banks, chris barras, (mr) p bates, (mr) s bates, (mr) steve bates, (mr) n bell, (mr) a beveridge, (mr) k blandthorn, (mr) bill blezard, (mr) a blood, (mr) b boag, (ms) eileen bogan, (mr) r bogan, d bradley, (mr) a briggs, (mr) e brown, val brown, (mr) j byrne, (mr) a callaway, (mr) alan callaway, (mr) m carroll, (mr) m clark, (mr) c clarke, (mr) r coleman, (mr) ron coleman, l connaughton, (mr) l coultard, (mr) peter curran, (mr) n dartnell, (mr) d dell, (mr) david dell, (mr) m demko, (mr) m dosser, (mr) alec dowling, (mr) m dowwer, (mr) w dundas, (mr) r eade, (mr) n eddy, (mr) noel, (mr) gary evans, (mr) d fleming, (mr) m fleming, p fleming, (mr) j foote, (mr) john foote, (mr) l foote, (mr) les foote, (mr) t fraser, (mr) basil gibson, (mr) i gibson, (mr) gary giles, (mr) l giles, (mr) k gill, (ms) m gill, (mr) bob goode, (mr) w a gordes, (mr) m gordon, (mr) mark gordon, (mr) r gracie, (mr) mark gray, (mr) k griffiths, (mr) b gwynne, (mr) peter gwynne, (mr) dick hamer, (mr) a hams, (mr) wayne handley, (mr) rocky hanrahan, (mr) mick harper, (mr) john harris, (mr) don harrop, (mr) george harrop, (mr) keith harvey, (mr) - hasset, (mr) n henderson, (mr) neil henderson, (mr) c herz, (mr) c higgins, (mr) k higson, (mr) ken higson, (mr) k hodgson, (mr) keith hodgson, nugie holland, (mr) p holland, (mr) peter holland, (mr) terry holland, (mr) h honner, (mr) henry honner, (mr) g hopkins, (mr) glen hopkins, (mr) j horner, (mr) g hoskin, (mr) george hoskin, (mr) p hoskin, (mr) peter hoskin, (mr) p hughan, (mr) paul hughan, (mr) k james, (mr) keith james, (mr) f jenkins, s jenkins, (mr) w jenkins, (mr) brian johnson, (mr) j johnson, (ms) lorraine johnson, (mr) p johnson, (mr) rex johnson, (mr) darren kappler, (mr) c kennedy, (ms) h kennedy, (ms) n kennedy, (mr) richard kent, (mr) harold kinder, (mr) richard kingwell, (mr) j kitson, (mr) john kitson, (mr) andrew lamb, (mr) j lambert, (mr) doug langham, (mr) jim langham, (mr) b latimer, (mr) bruce latimer, (ms) belinda leigh, (mr) ian leith, (mr) lloyd, (mr) r lyons, (mr) a mack, (mr) a macpherson, (ms) d madden, (mr) b maguire, (mr) barry maguire, (mr) leo maguire, (mr) s manzie, (mr) s mcdonald, (mr) al mcdonnell, (mr) al mcdonell, (mr) i mckenzie, (mr) r mckenzie, (mr) rhett mckenzie, (mrs) tina mckenzie, (mr) t mcmahon, (mr) j mcnamara, (mr) r mcnamara, (mr) ray mcvilly, (mr) w mcwaters, (mr) warren mecca, (mr) g mihalidis, (mr) euan miles, (mr) r morse, (mr) ray morse, (mr) j mullalley, (mr) bill munn, (ms) elsie munn, (mr) p murphy, (mr) g musker, (mr) l nelson, (mr) leigh nelson, (mr) snowy nicolas, (mrs) myrtle nicolas, (mr) b o'brien, (mr) k o'connor, (mr) d o'sullivan, (ms) emily o'sullivan, (mr) s ogden, (mr) kevin tipping, (ms) dot pacey, (mr) pop pacey, (mr) a v paul, (ms) carol pearce, (mr) danny pearce, (mr) roger pearce, (mr) john peck, (mr) k peterson, (mr) a pickering, (mr) - pieper, (mr) k piper, (mr) j post, (mr) bob pratt, (mr) r a proctor, (mr) - reynold, (mr) l reynolds, (mr) laurie reynolds, (mr) t rigzin, (mr) - rimes, (mr) b rimes, (mr) s rosman, (mr) j ross, (mr) david rowe, (mr) tony rowe, lou salvas, (mr) geoff scash, (mr) james schulz, (mr) kenny schwind, (mr) - scuttles, (mr) stan self, (mr) a sharp, (mr) j sherwell, (mr) - simmons, (mr) k simmons, (mr) n simmons, (mr) n smith, (mr) p smith, (mr) m stals, (mr) marty stals, (mr) a stapleton, (mr) l stephenson, (mr) w taylor, (mr) j thomas, (mr) m thomas, (mr) l tipping, (mr) lindsay tipping, (ms) beryl tory, (mr) ossie tory, (mr) j tsetsenekos, (mr) george veale, (mr) a wadsworth, (mr) b walder, (mr) bud walder, (mr) rohan walmsley, (mr) j watson, (mr) jack watson, (mr) o watson, (mr) c weaver, (mr) r a williams, (mr) w g williams, (mr) geoff wilson, (mr) t wilson, (mr) - wishart, (mr) b wishart, (mr) brian wishart, (mr) r wishart, (mr) j wood, (mr) k woodford, (cr) (mr) - woodhouse, (mr) k wright, (mr) frank yarman, (mr) theo zaharopoulos

Twenty page knitting pattern book featuring black and white text and colour images. The colour cover features two children wearing knitted jumpers, with two puppets. Illustrations of a snake and possums are also shown on the cover.front: [printed] Patons / Possum's / PATTERN / IN 8 PLY TOTEM / PURE NEW WOOL / 635 / PRICE / CODE / F / the / NEIGHBOURHOOD / Claude the Crow, 'Ol Possum / Norm the Kangaroo, Stanley the Carpet Snake / cPUPPETSTUFF PTY. LTD.fashion, design, knitwear, home made, wool, pattern book, patons

The Entrance taken from Jemmys Point Lookout area showing sand dumped on Snake Island joining Rigby Island also sand dumped in middle of main channel Lakes Entrance Victoria. Also similar photographs for Heritage Study 7971 numbers 04207.1 in Spares and 04207.2 size 10 x 15 cm|One colour photograph of Entrance from boat looking directly down main channel in SparesColour photograph of the Entrance taken from Jemmys Point Lookout area showing sand dumped on Snake Island joining Rigby Island also sand dumped in middle of main channel Lakes Entrance Victoriaislands, waterways, gippsland lakes

Bookplate featuring a coiling snake"J.D.Collie"bookplate, j d collie, snake

Makers of Snakebone Necklaces Two local women who made these necklaces were: Minnie Blucher (nee Wanke) (c.1891-1976) who lived at Briagolong in the 1940s. Highly artistic, she eagerly sought out snakes, killing many around Noble's Bridge. Peter Mills of Briagolong remembers that she would hang them on fences for maggots to eat away the fresh, and painted and dyed the bones. She also used spine bones from cattle for ornaments. Bella Buttsworth (1882-1951) was the daughter of Thomas and Rachel Mills of Briagolong, and the aunt of Ina Worseldine of Maffra. Ina remembers her making these necklaces in the 1920s, and that she placed beads in between the bones. The comment was also made that she often put large bones at the front and smaller ones to the back. Bella obtained the bones by boiling the dead snakes down, and then left the bones out on logs in the sun to bleach.A circular necklace made of spine bones from snakes and red beads, threaded onto copper wire. It contains 20 bones, each with a red bead between it and the next, with five red beads near a rough hook catch. The bones appear painted, possibly with calcomine.craft, handcrafts

Bookplate featuring a gorilla on a log with a snake gorilla, snake, patrick hutchings

Surgical forceps have been used in various forms from ancient times and have evolved into a indispensable instrument for modern surgeries. Forceps are surgical instruments for the practice of medicine which are used for grasping, holding, and manipulating tissues and objects during surgical procedures. Ancient Origins Surgical instruments, including forceps, have been use since man first started working with tools. Ancient civilizations, like Egypt, Greece, and Rome, had physicians who used rudimentary forceps made of bronze or iron. The forceps of the ancient world were often simple in design, with two arms that could be squeezed together to grasp objects. They were primarily used for tasks like extracting foreign bodies or handling tissues. Middle Ages and Renaissance During the Middle Ages, medical knowledge and surgical techniques experienced a decline in Europe. While the Roman empire enjoyed remarkably advanced medical care and practices, its collapse left a vacuum that led to a loss of a centralized medical knowledge and a disruption of education and trade. At the same time, religious superstitions suppressed medical inquiry. With many of the medical texts of Hippocrates and Galen and others lost, the medical practice experienced a decline. However, surgical forceps continued to be used in various forms, albeit with limited advancements. With the Renaissance period came a revival in medical knowledge and innovation. Ambroise Paré, a French surgeon of the 16th century, is credited with introducing improvements to the forceps design, making them more versatile and effective. 18th and 19th Centuries Innovators The 18th and 19th centuries marked a significant period of advancement in surgical instruments, including forceps. The famous French Surgeon Jean-Louis Petit introduced forceps with curved tips, making them more suitable for specific procedures. John Hunter, a Scottish surgeon, designed forceps with fine tips, allowing for more delicate and precise manipulation during surgeries. Joseph Lister, a pioneer of antiseptic surgery, emphasized the importance of cleanliness and sterile instruments during surgical procedures. This led to advancements in forceps sterilization techniques, which greatly improved patient outcomes. Modern Era The late 19th and early 20th centuries saw the development of a wide variety of specialized forceps for different surgical procedures. Advances in metallurgy and manufacturing techniques allowed for more intricate and delicate designs. As surgery became more specialized, forceps were tailored to suit specific procedures, such as neurosurgery, ophthalmology, and gynecology. Contemporary Advances In recent decades, surgical technology evolves continuously. Many surgical procedures are now performed using minimally invasive techniques, which require specialized instruments. Modern surgical forceps are typically made of high-quality stainless steel, stainless steel alloy, or titanium. They come in various shapes, sizes, and designs, each suited to specific surgical tasks. Some forceps have serrated jaws for a better grip, while others have delicate tips for fine tissue manipulation. Modern Forceps The history of surgical forceps is a story of innovation, adaptation, and continuous refinement. From ancient origins to the modern era, these instruments have evolved alongside medical knowledge and surgical techniques, playing a crucial role in improving patient outcomes and advancing the field of surgery. https://www.wpiinc.com/blog/post/history-evolution-of-forceps These forceps were donated to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village by the family of Doctor William Roy Angus, Surgeon and Oculist. It is part of the “W.R. Angus Collection” that includes historical medical equipment, surgical instruments and material once belonging to Dr Edward Ryan and Dr Thomas Francis Ryan, (both of Nhill, Victoria) as well as Dr Angus’ own belongings. The Collection’s history spans the medical practices of the two Doctors Ryan, from 1885-1926 plus that of Dr Angus, up until 1969. ABOUT THE “W.R.ANGUS COLLECTION” Doctor William Roy Angus M.B., B.S., Adel., 1923, F.R.C.S. Edin.,1928 (also known as Dr Roy Angus) was born in Murrumbeena, Victoria in 1901 and lived until 1970. He qualified as a doctor in 1923 at University of Adelaide, was Resident Medical Officer at the Royal Adelaide Hospital in 1924 and for a period was house surgeon to Sir (then Mr.) Henry Simpson Newland. Dr Angus was briefly an Assistant to Dr Riddell of Kapunda, then commenced private practice at Curramulka, Yorke Peninsula, SA, where he was physician, surgeon and chemist. In 1926, he was appointed as new Medical Assistant to Dr Thomas Francis Ryan (T.F. Ryan, or Tom), in Nhill, Victoria, where his experiences included radiology and pharmacy. In 1927 he was Acting House Surgeon in Dr Tom Ryan’s absence. Dr Angus had become engaged to Gladys Forsyth and they decided he would take time to further his studies overseas in the UK in 1927. He studied at London University College Hospital and at Edinburgh Royal Infirmary and in 1928, was awarded FRCS (Fellow from the Royal College of Surgeons), Edinburgh. He worked his passage back to Australia as a Ship’s Surgeon on the on the Australian Commonwealth Line’s T.S.S. Largs Bay. Dr Angus married Gladys in 1929, in Ballarat. (They went on to have one son (Graham 1932, born in SA) and two daughters (Helen (died 12/07/1996) and Berenice (Berry), both born at Mira, Nhill ) Dr Angus was a ‘flying doctor’ for the A.I.M. (Australian Inland Ministry) Aerial Medical Service in 1928 . The organisation began in South Australia through the Presbyterian Church in that year, with its first station being in the remote town of Oodnadatta, where Dr Angus was stationed. He was locum tenens there on North-South Railway at 21 Mile Camp. He took up this ‘flying doctor’ position in response to a call from Dr John Flynn; the organisation was later known as the Flying Doctor Service, then the Royal Flying Doctor Service. A lot of his work during this time involved dental surgery also. Between 1928-1932 he was surgeon at the Curramulka Hospital, Yorke Peninsula, South Australia. In 1933 Dr Angus returned to Nhill where he’d previously worked as Medical Assistant and purchased a share of the Nelson Street practice and Mira hospital from Dr Les Middleton one of the Middleton Brothers, the current owners of what was once Dr Tom Ryan’s practice. Dr L Middleton was House Surgeon to the Nhill Hospital 1926-1933, when he resigned. [Dr Tom Ryan’s practice had originally belonged to his older brother Dr Edward Ryan, who came to Nhill in 1885. Dr Edward saw patients at his rooms, firstly in Victoria Street and in 1886 in Nelson Street, until 1901. The Nelson Street practice also had a 2 bed ward, called Mira Private Hospital ). Dr Edward Ryan was House Surgeon at the Nhill Hospital 1884-1902 . He also had occasions where he successfully performed veterinary surgery for the local farmers too. Dr Tom Ryan then purchased the practice from his brother in 1901. Both Dr Edward and Dr Tom Ryan work as surgeons included eye surgery. Dr Tom Ryan performed many of his operations in the Mira private hospital on his premises. He too was House Surgeon at the Nhill Hospital 1902-1926. Dr Tom Ryan had one of the only two pieces of radiology equipment in Victoria during his practicing years – The Royal Melbourne Hospital had the other one. Over the years Dr Tom Ryan gradually set up what was effectively a training school for country general-practitioner-surgeons. Each patient was carefully examined, including using the X-ray machine, and any surgery was discussed and planned with Dr Ryan’s assistants several days in advance. Dr Angus gained experience in using the X-ray machine there during his time as assistant to Dr Ryan. Dr Tom Ryan moved from Nhill in 1926. He became a Fellow of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons in 1927, soon after its formation, a rare accolade for a doctor outside any of the major cities. He remained a bachelor and died suddenly on 7th Dec 1955, aged 91, at his home in Ararat. Scholarships and prizes are still awarded to medical students in the honour of Dr T.F. Ryan and his father, Dr Michael Ryan, and brother, John Patrick Ryan. ] When Dr Angus bought into the Nelson Street premises in Nhill he was also appointed as the Nhill Hospital’s Honorary House Surgeon 1933-1938. His practitioner’s plate from his Nhill surgery states “HOURS Daily, except Tuesdays, Fridays and Saturday afternoons, 9-10am, 2-4pm, 7-8pm. Sundays by appointment”. This plate is now mounted on the doorway to the Port Medical Office at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village, Warrnambool. Dr Edward Ryan and Dr Tom Ryan had an extensive collection of historical medical equipment and materials spanning 1884-1926 and when Dr Angus took up practice in their old premises he obtained this collection, a large part of which is now on display at the Port Medical Office at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village in Warrnambool. During his time in Nhill Dr Angus was involved in the merging of the Mira Hospital and Nhill Public Hospital into one public hospital and the property titles passed on to Nhill Hospital in 1939. In 1939 Dr Angus and his family moved to Warrnambool where he purchased “Birchwood,” the 1852 home and medical practice of Dr John Hunter Henderson, at 214 Koroit Street. (This property was sold in1965 to the State Government and is now the site of the Warrnambool Police Station. ). The Angus family was able to afford gardeners, cooks and maids; their home was a popular place for visiting dignitaries to stay whilst visiting Warrnambool. Dr Angus had his own silk worm farm at home in a Mulberry tree. His young daughter used his centrifuge for spinning the silk. Dr Angus was appointed on a part-time basis as Port Medical Officer (Health Officer) in Warrnambool and held this position until the 1940’s when the government no longer required the service of a Port Medical Officer in Warrnambool; he was thus Warrnambool’s last serving Port Medical Officer. (The duties of a Port Medical Officer were outlined by the Colonial Secretary on 21st June, 1839 under the terms of the Quarantine Act. Masters of immigrant ships arriving in port reported incidents of diseases, illness and death and the Port Medical Officer made a decision on whether the ship required Quarantine and for how long, in this way preventing contagious illness from spreading from new immigrants to the residents already in the colony.) Dr Angus was a member of the Australian Medical Association, for 35 years and surgeon at the Warrnambool Base Hospital 1939-1942, He served as a Surgeon Captain during WWII1942-45, in Ballarat, Victoria, and in Bonegilla, N.S.W., completing his service just before the end of the war due to suffering from a heart attack. During his convalescence he carved an intricate and ‘most artistic’ chess set from the material that dentures were made from. He then studied ophthalmology at the Royal Melbourne Eye and Ear Hospital and created cosmetically superior artificial eyes by pioneering using the intrascleral cartilage. Angus received accolades from the Ophthalmological Society of Australasia for this work. He returned to Warrnambool to commence practice as an ophthalmologist, pioneering in artificial eye improvements. He was Honorary Consultant Ophthalmologist to Warrnambool Base Hospital for 31 years. He made monthly visits to Portland as a visiting surgeon, to perform eye surgery. He represented the Victorian South-West subdivision of the Australian Medical Association as its secretary between 1949 and 1956 and as chairman from 1956 to 1958. In 1968 Dr Angus was elected member of Spain’s Barraquer Institute of Barcelona after his research work in Intrasclearal cartilage grafting, becoming one of the few Australian ophthalmologists to receive this honour, and in the following year presented his final paper on Living Intrasclearal Cartilage Implants at the Inaugural Meeting of the Australian College of Ophthalmologists in Melbourne In his personal life Dr Angus was a Presbyterian and treated Sunday as a Sabbath, a day of rest. He would visit 3 or 4 country patients on a Sunday, taking his children along ‘for the ride’ and to visit with him. Sunday evenings he would play the pianola and sing Scottish songs to his family. One of Dr Angus’ patients was Margaret MacKenzie, author of a book on local shipwrecks that she’d seen as an eye witness from the late 1880’s in Peterborough, Victoria. In the early 1950’s Dr Angus, painted a picture of a shipwreck for the cover jacket of Margaret’s book, Shipwrecks and More Shipwrecks. She was blind in later life and her daughter wrote the actual book for her. Dr Angus and his wife Gladys were very involved in Warrnambool’s society with a strong interest in civic affairs. Their interests included organisations such as Red Cross, Rostrum, Warrnambool and District Historical Society (founding members), Wine and Food Society, Steering Committee for Tertiary Education in Warrnambool, Local National Trust, Good Neighbour Council, Housing Commission Advisory Board, United Services Institute, Legion of Ex-Servicemen, Olympic Pool Committee, Food for Britain Organisation, Warrnambool Hospital, Anti-Cancer Council, Boys’ Club, Charitable Council, National Fitness Council and Air Raid Precautions Group. He was also a member of the Steam Preservation Society and derived much pleasure from a steam traction engine on his farm. He had an interest in people and the community He and his wife Gladys were both involved in the creation of Flagstaff Hill, including the layout of the gardens. After his death (28th March 1970) his family requested his practitioner’s plate, medical instruments and some personal belongings be displayed in the Port Medical Office surgery at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village, and be called the “W. R. Angus Collection”. The W.R. Angus Collection is significant for still being located at the site it is connected with, Doctor Angus being the last Port Medical Officer in Warrnambool. The collection of medical instruments and other equipment is culturally significant, being an historical example of medicine from late 19th to mid-20th century. Dr Angus assisted Dr Tom Ryan, a pioneer in the use of X-rays and in ocular surgery. Stainless steel forceps, angled handles, ring shaped tips From the W.R. 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