Colour photograph of the Ballarat Times Office at Sovereign Hill, Ballarat East.sovereign hill, main road, ballarat times

This poster was probably printed on a Legacy outing to Sovereign Hill, in Ballarat, Victoria, Australia. The poster is printed in good humour. Mr. Hugh Caffrey was a Legatee.Legacy organised many outings for legatees and their families, also widows and families of deceased ex service personnel.White paper poster with black print.comradeship, legatee

Article and photograph by Tim Bottams featuring Greg Robinson standing in the doorway of a tram, about volunteers working for the Ballarat Tramway Museum. Quotes Chris Phillips, Peter Waugh, Greg about their background and the roles available, and the type of people that take on volunteering roles.Yields information about the BTM and its volunteers.Page 17 from the 11/8/2023 issue of the Ballarat Times newspaper.btm, volunteers, museum, tramway, tim bottams, chris phillips, greg robinson

Newspaper report from the Ballarat Times regarding a Liberal party pledge to extend the Ballarat Tramway Museum line in Wendouree Parade by Samantha McIntosh. Has a photo of Paul Mong and Samantha standing in front of Cuthberts 939.Yields information about a Liberal Party 2022 Election campaign in Ballarat.Digital Image of a Cutting from the Ballarat News 11-11-2022 re Liberal Party plan to extend the tramway to Durham Pointbtm, track extension, new tramways, liberal party, samantha mcintosh

Newspaper clipping from The Ballarat Times, 20 December. 2018 with an article titled "Santa on the tracks despite weather" featuring a story on the Museum's Santa Tram on Saturday 15 December 2018. Written by Carol Saffer reporting on the event and interviews with a passenger - Sonya White and children. Has a photo of No. 40 with the Santa Tram banner and Roger Salen. Also notes the making of flowers for a flower tram during the 2019 Begonia Festival.santa tram, btm, passengers

Ballarat Times Friday 11/4/2025 cover and page 17, featuring a report on the operation of the Horse Tram No. 1 on Sunday 13/4/2025. Cover features a photo of Peter Waugh standing on the horse tram and page 17 details of the history of the tram and times of operation. Has a photo of Peter standing inside the tram. Story and photos by Miriam Litwin.Demonstrates BTM Publicity and its operation of Australia's oldest operating tramcar.Newspaper - two sheets - with colour photographs.btm, trams, horse trams, tram 1, operations

Set of three newspaper clippings about the transfer of trams 836 and 1029 to the BTM on 16 August 2019. The trams were loaded at Newport Workshops the previous day. .1 - "Heritage on Track" - Ballarat Times, front page - photo of the loading at Newport of tram 836 - 22/8/2019. .2 - "Museum takes possession of old new trams" - as for .1 .3 - "New home for W class" - The Courier, 17/8/2019 - featuring a photo of Michaela Settle, the MLA for Buniyong and Juliana Addison, MLA for Wendouree and Chris Phillips of the BTM with Cuthberts939 in the background. Story by Greg Gliddon, photo Lachlan Bence. Quotes the President Paul Mong.btm, new trams, victorian government, cuthberts 939, loading trams

Poster reproduced for a University of Ballarat Historical Collection Exhibition highlighting the Ballarat Gaol and Court in relation to the gaoling of Salvation Army minister in March 1892. The exhibition marked 120 years of the Salvation army in Ballarat.salvation army, ballarat gaol, exhibition

Colour photograph of the Red Hill Photographic Rooms at Sovereign Hill, Ballarat East.sovereign hill, main road, ballarat times

The Time Hotel was located on Bridge Street.time hotel, bridge street, building, hotel

Tender advertisement for the track replacement in Wendouree Parade and construction of the new Museum depot fan. The same advertisement appeared 1 week later. Yields information about the tender for the track replacement in Wendouree Parade.City of Ballarat Notice board - Tender Advertisements - 20-2-2022 obtained from the Ballarat Times News Group newspaper.btm, track replacement, wendouree parade, track work, new museum, tenders

Article with a photo about the commencement of reconstruction of Wendouree Parade by the Museum. Has quote from Juliana Addison re the project and funding. Photo is of road work signage at St Aidans Drive. Article and photo by Edwina Williams.Yields information about the track replacement in Wendouree Parade.Newspaper - New rail to get trams back on track - Ballarat Times News Group, published Thursday 7-4-2022btm, track replacement, wendouree parade, track work, st aidans drive

Article with three photos of the new display in the New Museum. Includes the Tower Truck, Horse Tram No 1 with John Whiting, and a general photo. Gives details of the new display and quotes John Whiting. Article and photo by Edwina Williams.Yields information about the new museum displaysNewspaper - Tramway display bigger & better than ever before - Ballarat Times News Group, published Thursday 23-6-2022btm, tramways, new museum, displays, ballarat

Two articles about the launch on 6-2-2022 of Geelong 2 by the Museum:- 1 - "Restored tram a time capsule" - by Tim Bottams - giving details of the launch, some details of the tram and the times. 2 - "Geelong Tram reborn in a new city" - by Edwina Williams with details of the previous weekends event, quotes from Paul Mong, Warrington Cameron, its history and that it will be operating again on 27-2-2022.Yields information about the formal launch of Geelong 2.Newspaper - Ballarat Times News Group - set of two cuttings from Thursday 3-2-2022 and 10-2-2022 re launch of Geelong 2.btm, tramways, tramcars, tram 2, geelong, events

Newspaper clipping (front page) from the Eureka Times, Vol. 1 No. 3 Wed. Sept. 20 1972, about the establishment of the BTPS, the work so far, its proposals, maintenance of trams and operation by volunteers. has photo of three workers in front of No. 40, inside the building. Twp copies heldtrams, tramways, ballarat, eureka times, btps, museum establishment

Form used to record a summary of the working hours of crews, showing the total hours and the hours worked when one man operation. Gives a list of names at the time when the form prepared. Also used by Ray Hall as a sheet of paper to write out the details of No. 9 run for Sundays as a reference document.Duplicated typed form, foolscap sheet, titled "Summary of daily time sheets - Traffic Department", giving name, total time, one man rate time, and spread of hours. Has a list of employee names in two columns. 3462.1 - Dated 9-5-1971 - has written out on rear of sheet, details of Sunday No. 5 run and details of shift for following week. 3462.2 - Dated 26/6/1971 - Sunday - On rear of sheets, Ray Hall - has used the sheet to write out Saturday 15 run details. On bottom of run note has written "My work for next Saturday" and "Could you be ready to go out the paper mill some time in the future at about 7pm" Names on the sheet are: (in alphabetical order on the sheet) L Walker H Knight J Smerdon A Turnbull A Mercer R. Courtney W. Ward R. Williams A. Jeffreys D. McGregor D. Thomson I Willis D O'Leary J. Maher A. Morris D. Domaschenz R. G. Knight E Lake I. Tierney N Cahill N Reynolds W. Davies N. Hamilton L. McMahon J. Billman W. Nancarrow H. M. Van Oorschot W. Newell L. Bird D. Chambers H. Van Rooy H. Mannion N. Robe E. Van Rooy M. Blackman H. Hall J. Mason S. Davies W. F. Segrave N. D. Hunt K. Butler V. L. Gill R. K, Morris D. Everett T. Williams A. Reed B. Melville I. Trenfield See above.trams, tramways, timetables, sec, ballarat, shifts, times

Form used to record a summary of the working hours of crews, showing the total hours and the hours worked when one man operation. Gives a list of names at the time when the form prepared. Also used by Jerry? as a sheet of paper to write out the details of No. 9 run for Saturdays as a reference document and noted it was last time on the Victoria St route and recorded the tramcar number.Duplicated typed form, foolscap sheet, titled "Summary of daily time sheets - Traffic Department", giving name, total time, one man rate time, and spread of hours. Has a list of employee names in two columns. Dated 28/7/1971 - Wednesday On rear of sheets, Jerry? Van Rooy - has used the sheet to write out Saturday 9 run details. Has endorsed it - "My last Vic Run on 21/8/1971" - Conductor Jerry? Van Rooy - Car No. 17" Names on the sheet are: (in alphabetical order on the sheet) L Walker H Knight J Smerdon A Turnbull A Mercer R. Courtney W. Ward R. Williams A. Jeffreys D. McGregor D. Thomson I Willis D O'Leary J. Maher A. Morris D. Domaschenz R. G. Knight E Lake I. Tierney N Cahill N Reynolds W. Davies N. Hamilton L. McMahon J. Billman W. Nancarrow H. M. Van Oorschot W. Newell L. Bird D. Chambers H. Van Rooy H. Mannion N. Robe E. Van Rooy M. Blackman N. K. Alan - crossed out H. Hall J. Mason S. Davies W. F. Segrave N. D. Hunt K. Butler V. L. Gill R. K, Morris D. Everett T. Williams A. Reed B. Melville I. Trenfield Power - in pen W. Tuddenham Photocopy of sheet made.See above.trams, tramways, timetables, sec, ballarat, shifts, times

Newspaper clipping from The Ballarat Times, 17 Oct. 2019, letter from Juliana Addison MP, member for Wendouree, titled "Tip of the hat to trammies", praising the BTM, its volunteers and the recent track renewal. Noted the work of the President Paul Mong. Has a photo of the horse tram in use.btm, letters, horse tram

This is a facsimile of a drawing copy book compiled by an art teacher in london in 1864 and copied by the Ballarat Times, Sovereign Hill Goldmining Township for use at the Red Hill National School.A tan coloured cover with pages set out to enable students to copy different drawings printed at the top of the pages.teaching, primary school, sovereign hill goldmining township, george evans collection

The Ballarat School of Mines was the first School of Mines in the southern hemisphere. Its Museum was established in 1872. Donation 600, 4 July 1882, H. Sutton, Ballarat. Nature of Donation: 13th Annual report of the Aeronautical Society of Great Britain 2 papers 'from the proceedings of the Royal Society', Nos 217 & 218 - 1882 communicated by the President :on a new electrical Storage battery" by Henry Sutton, Ballarat, Victoria Donation 976, 8 May 1884, H. Sutton, Ballarat. Nature of Donation: * 1 volume "Pluttner on the Blowpipe: (Pluttner's manual of qualitative & quantitative analysis of the blowpipe. Donation 1682, 28 Feb 1887, James Lamb, Ballarat. Nature of Donation: Copy of "The Ballarat Times" newspaper of 3 December 1854, framed, and protected on both sides with glass. Donation 1712, 28 April 1887, Marg. Guerin, Ballaarat. Nature of Donation: Specimens nos (797-806) 797-801 from the New Reform Mine Luchnow, NSW (797) Serpentine with vein of quartz and calcite (798) Surpentine passing into silicous ferruginoous gossan; with drives of rock crystal (&99) Diorite with vein of calcite (800) Auriferous vein stuff (801) Auriferous arrenopyrite with calcite (802) noble opal filling cavities in decomposed traclyte (803-805) from Mr McDonald, NSW (806) arutute (carbonate of lead) in long schombie purni (?) Donation 1730, 23 May 1887, Miss Guerin, Ballaarat. Nature of Donation: Copy of the Victorian Review No 74 December 1 1885, Copy Wide Awake Vol 1 No 6 May 21st 1887Large rough calf covered book recording museum, laboratory and library donations to the Ballarat School of Mines. 4835 donations are recorded.Marbled end papers. Labels on spine and front cover.ballarat school of mines, ballarat school of mines museum, benjamin hepburn, ce clarke, j noble wilson, m hamburger, d christy, edwin jewell, ellery, john gray, go preshaw, cf crouch, henry brind, james darby, rm serjeant, george day, jf watson, stoddart, j hicks, hicks, james hector, sleep, jj sleep, james pearce, henry obree, newman, william tarrant, beilby, william bradford, george lansell, watson, edward gazzard, e morey, john lynch, j hector, rivett bland, bland, costin, whittle, crowther, mitchell, ferdinand krause, krause, joseph mitchell, john walker, bailey, duncan, mica smith, alfred mica smith, james buchanan, buchanan, whitehouse, dr bunce, bunce, james bklack, james bickett, js north, joseph flude, alfred lester, wagemann, fw niven, edwards, william evett, john addis, al elphinstone, henry sutton, ol olden, bh cross, robert hamilton, hancock, ferdinand von mueller, von meuller, berchevaise, j whitehouse, serjeant, henty, james shugg, john ross, james oddie, ralph tate, henry watts, wh wooster, wooster, luplau, rosenblum, heddington, albert furmedge, buley, robert wilson, e. rowlands, ne hall, henry pearce, lee young, nicholls, dusontory, daniel brohpy, brophy, klug, james donaldson, john cherry, ce jones, john feilds, thomas williams, enscoe, e price, shoppee, jacob drew, george wyatt, dimmock, james orr, john hardy, george wyatte, thomas rogers, james lamb, doepel, margaret guerin, bella guerin, guerin, george binns, william laplau, captain baker, baker, crisp, barnard, haffie, bateman, chalmers, richard parker, adam adamson, jn wilson, john noble wilson, papenhagen, towl, government astronomer, royal society, minister of mines, thoams blackett, burbury, denny, thys, p gay, james law, woolnough

The book was presented to the Ballarat School of Mines Library in 1873 by Dr Richard Bunce. Bunce was born in 1816 and died in 1885. He was in practice in Ballarat East and at times acted as Coroner. His was buried in the Ballarat Old Cemetery. The book has been translated from the French and from the fourth German edition. Green cloth (embossed) hard covered book, 857 pages.Signed 'Richard Bunce' Stamped "Ballarat School of MInes Student's Library" Sticker - Presented by Dr Bunce, October 1st 1873 Thomas Jones, Medical Booksellerdr richard bunce, ballarat school of mines library, ballarat east, ballarat old cemetery, chemical analysis, tables for calculations, h rose, a normandy, author, translation, dr bunce

Bus timetable for Davis Urban Services Ballarat, route 15 on light green duplicating paper. Route 15 - Sturt St. West to and from City. Not dated, but probably c1975, as Davis have moved to their "then" new depot in Norman St. Ballarat. Timetable gives times for departure to and the terminals, notes on intermediate times, notes on variations to standard arrangements and location of terminals. On Sunday, the bus served the Botanical Gardens area and route 15A, which served Lake Wendouree by Gardens Kiosk. Has a Davis bus logo - poppet head and bus. Was designed to be folded in the centre. Two copies held. See Graham Cleak via Gavin Young advised on possible date of timetable 26/01/01On copy 1, by Norman St "No. 804" in pencil.bus services, sturt st west, gardens, lake wendouree, davis bus lines

Leather bound ledger with hand written details on donations to the Ballarat School of Mines Museum or the Ballarat School of Mines Library. The Ledger was made by J. McHutchison, Bookbinder, paper ruler and Account Book Manufacturer. 267. 07 July 1880 - John Lynch Junior - Smythesdale - Cast of "Golden Age" nugget found at Browns by Co-operative Party - 12 men. Weight 75 oz 12 dwts 12 grs 294. 24 June 1880 - W.H. Shaw - Ballarat - 94 numbers of 'The Engineer'. 295. 28 June 1880 - Rivett Henry Bland - Clunes - Specimen of water pipe from the Port Phillip Consols Mine encrusted with Carbonates of lime and magnesia and sulphate of lime with earthy matter. 418. 17 June 1881 - F. Ratte - Sydney - Catalogue of Rocks, minerals, etc of New Caledonia. 462. 28 September 1881 - Dr Bunce - Ballarat - Concretionary Basalt with Car. Lime and Magnesia. 465. 06 September 1881 - J.J. Sleep (Chairman of the Board) per favor of E.W. Spain, Esq, Manr - Ballarat - Diamond drill core from "Carisbrook Freehold Estate" - cut at a depth of 150 feet. Dedrites from Munster Gully ... 517. 20 January 1882 - William Lester - Ballarat - The Agricultural Teacher 549. 24 March 1882 - C.E. Grainger Manager Ballarat Woollen Mills - Ballarat - Samples of dyed and raw wool and dye material. 600. 04 July 1882 - Henry Sutton - Ballarat - 13th Annual Report of the Aeronautical Society of Great Britain. 1222. 31 October 1884 - Trooper Dowling - Miner's Rest - Owl 1223. 04 November 1884 - W. McKeenan - 3, Adair St, Ballarat - Flying Squirrel. 1259. 16 January 1885 - A.A. Buley - Ballarat - Prospective of Grenville College 1885 1428. 06 October 1885 - Ballarat - Collection of mineral specimens from Silverton (Collected by Mr James Murray). 1442. 20 October 1885 - Ballarat - Specimen of fossil fruits collected by Haddon by Charles Brown. 1682. 28 February 1887 - James Lamb - Ballarat - Copy of the Ballarat Times Newspaper of 3rd December 1854, framed and protected on both sides with glass. 1730. 23 May 1887 - Bella Guerin - Ballarat - Copy of the Victorian Review No 74 December 1885 4786. 27 March 1894 - James Oddie - Ballarat - 3 mineral specimens 4835. 01 August 1896 - P.V> Barnard - Ballarat - {ortion of Mining truck wheel altered to oxide of iron found in the old workings of the Golden Gate Mine at a depth of 200 feet. (4235 is last entry)ballarat school of mines, ballarat school of mines museum, donations, henry sutton, bella guerin

The design of the bottle is called a Codd, sometimes referred to as a marble bottle or "Codd's patent bottle". During the mid-to-late 1800s, there were many inventions to keep the fizz in carbonated drinks such as ginger ale, soda water, and fruit drinks. Hiram Codd, an English engineer invented a successful process that he patented as "Codd's patented globe stopper bottle" in 1872. The Codd-neck bottle (commonly called Codd or marble bottle) is manufactured in two parts. The body of the bottle is cast in two sections. At the time of joining the sections, glass marble and rubber seal are inserted into the neck section. The lip is then applied to the top of the bottle. The Codd bottle is filled upside down as the pressure of the gas from the carbonated liquid holds the marble up and out of the way. When the bottle stands upright the gas pushes the marble up against the washer, creating a firm seal to keep the fizz inside. The bottle is opened by pushing the marble down firmly to allow some of the gas to escape. The marble drops down and is caught in a depression formed in the neck. When the bottle is tilted to pour or drink the liquid the marble rests in a dimple. Two Ballarat miners, Evan Rowland and Robert Lewis started manufacturing mineral and aerated waters, bitters, cordials, and liqueurs in 1854, in a tent on the shores of Lake Wendouree Ballarat. Another 13 firms at that time employed manual operations, whereas they introduced Taylor's No. 1 machine that speeded up the process and laid the foundation for their fortune. Evan Rowland was a pioneer in the aerated water trade in Australia. He was born on August 2, 1826, in North Wales. In 1852, during the gold rush, he emigrated to Melbourne, and in 1854 he went to Ballarat and formed a partnership with Robert Lewis, the firm being called ‘‘Rowlands & Lewis’’. Their next step was to secure a supply of pure water. Using mineral Waters that they found via a natural spring at Warrenheip, Victoria. From the outset, the beverages made from this water gained repute and were in great demand. Their business prospered so well that in 1858 they were able to build a factory at the corner of Sturt and Dawson Streets, Ballarat, and to fit with the most up-to-date machinery then in use. By 1870 their business had increased so much and demand had grown to such an extent that Mr. Rowlands erected another factory, covering over an acre of ground at the corner of Dana and Doveton Streets, costing £13,000. The factory was fitted with the most modern equipment of the time to manufacture cordials and aerated water. In 1873 Rowlands established an agency at 116 Collins St, Melbourne, because the demand for the products of the Melbourne factory became so large. The company expanded to Sydney opening a factory at the corner of Burns & Hay Streets Darling Harbour obtaining spring water to supply this plant from Katoomba in the Blue Mountains. The water was brought to Sydney by rail. In the meantime, the Melbourne concern had progressed so rapidly that in 1888 a magnificent factory embodying all the latest ideas and equipment was built in King Street Melbourne. Robert Lewis was a fellow Welshman born in 1816, and he arrived in Port Phillip in 1853 and became a partner in the early day with Evan Rowland but with lesser and shorter involvement in the firm, from which he retired in 1876. Robert Lewis was perhaps better known as Ballarat's first mayor and a Member of the Legislative Assembly. He was a strong supporter of local charities, president/treasurer of the Eisteddfod Committee, a major force in the development of the Ballarat Hospital, and he was the mayor of Ballarat five times, the first in 1863, (having been a counsellor as early as 1859) and for the last time in 1881. Lewis died in 1884 of a stroke in Ballarat. Rowlands continued in the firm and invented and patented an improved soda water bottle. The water used in Rowlands products was filtered four times but his attempts to use local corks failed on quality grounds. He was a stickler for quality, which was so good that many outside Victoria were prepared to pay the 'premium' imposed by inter-colonial customs duty payable at that time. By the 1890s, Rowlands had factories in Ballarat, Melbourne, Sydney, and Newcastle. He died in 1894 but his company continued until well after the Second World War when it was sold to Schweppes.An early manufacturing process producing the first mineral waters in Australia was invented and developed by an early Welsh migrant to Australia. The Evan Rowlands story gives an insight into the early development of manufacturing industries in Australia that allowed their workers and the towns they were situated in to prosper and develop into what they are today. Bottle; clear glass Codd neck bottle with small marble in top. Once contained soda water or soft drink. Manufactured in 1921 by E. Rowlands of Ballarat, Melbourne, Katoomba and Sydney. The bottle is 'recyclable' - the message on the base says that it remains the property of E. Rowlands Pty Ltd."E. ROWLANDS BALLARAT MELBOURNE KATOOMBA AND SYDNEY". Imprinted into bas "1921" "THIS BOTTLE REMAINS THE PROPERTY OF E. ROWLANDS PTY LTD"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, bottle, codd bottle, hiram codd, glass marble bottle, e. rowlands bottle manufacturer, soda bottle australia, early recyclable bottle, codd's patent bottle, marble bottle

Water is key to a thriving community and it is through the representation of water Flow enlivens the space at Bakery Hill. Historically ‘water races’ ran through the valleys of the Greater Ballarat area unearthing the minerals that forged prosperity and wealth. This water still flows today unearthing new possibilities for the community. Possibilities focusing on sustainability, ecology, health and prosperity. Flowing over the site a series of kinetic turbines flutter in the wind creating a contemporary water race. The interactive elements offer visual stimulation enticing people to connect with the artwork and in turn the surrounding spaces. Bakery Hill has great historical significance. It’s connection to the Eureka Stockade and the series of events that were to unfold during the 1850’s was to become the turning point in Australian political history. The placement of each turbine is to mirror a point of history in the timeline of events that occurred during the Eureka Stockade. The Water Race is a symbol of possibilities, the ones created by history and those of modern society. It is a visual timeline that can be read by traversing the site. The connecting turbines that flow and turn in sync are a representation of time passing and the interconnectedness of history with the community that surrounds it. The gateway to Bridge Mall is framed through the placement of each turbine allowing the sense of prosperity and wealth to flow through to the surrounding community. This gateway also references the significance of Bakery Hill reinvigorating the historical site by reconnecting it back to its town centre. The artwork is of aesthetic and historical significance to the people of BallaratTwelve steel turbines set on poles with dates attached and a large bronze 'timeline' plaqueFLOW/ Plotting the motion of Wind, Water, History and Time/ by Holly Grace and Aaron Robinson/ This site has great historical significance. It’s connection to the Eureka Stockade and the series of events that unfolded in the 1850’s was to become the turning point in Australian history. The placement of each turbine within this artwork mirrors a point of history in the events that led up to the Eureka Stockade. It is a visual timeline that can be read by traversing the site. The connecting turbines that flow and turn in sync are a representation of time passing. They are a symbol of the community’s connection to their history. 1851 June James Esmond makes the first discovery of gold in Victoria at Clunes./ 1st July The Port Phillip District separates from New South Wales and becomes the Colony of Victoria. It is still subject to British rule./ August Gold is discovered at Buninyong and at Golden Point, Ballarat. Lt-Governor La Trobe introduces the Gold Licence system in an attempt to reduce the colony’s debt./ 20th September First gold licences issued in Ballarat. / 1852 August/ Eureka Lead discovered on the Ballarat goldfields. December Charles La Trobe resigns as Lt-Governor but he is not relieved until 1854/ July – December/ Unrest builds on the various goldfields with protest meetings held in Bendigo and Castlemaine. Bendigo’s Red Ribbon Movement is active on the goldfields and the Bendigo Petition is presented to Lt-Governor./ December/ Charles Hotham is appointed Lt-Governor/ 1854 March/ A bill to extend the Elective Franchise is passed by the Legislative Council and sent to London for the assent of the British Parliament. 22nd June/ Lt-Governor Sir Charles Hotham arrives in Victoria. The colony faces mounting debt and Hotham orders weekly licence hunts in an attempt to increase income./ August/ Hotham is acclaimed during his visit to the Ballarat goldfield./ 13th September? Hotham orders twice-weekly licence hunts to further increase revenue./ September – October/ Miners are experiencing problems – no shafts bottomed on the Eureka Lead for five weeks./ 7th October/ James Scobie is murdered outside the Eureka Hotel. Many diggers believe that publican James Bentley is responsible./ 9th October/ At Scobie’s inquest, Bentley is acquitted, despite strong evidence of his guilt./ 10th October/ Father Smythe’s servant is beaten up by authorities and falsely arrested for not holding a licence./ 15th October/ Mass meeting of miners on Bakery Hill. Catholic miners meet after Mass. // 17th October/ A meeting of up to 10,000 Diggers is held near the Eureka Hotel to protest against Bentley’s acquittal. The meeting results in the burning of the hotel. Three diggers, Westerby, Fletcher and McIntyre, are arrested. Hotham dispatches 400 soldiers to Ballarat. 22nd October/ Another large meeting is held to address grievances. The Catholics send their leaders, Hayes, Kennedy and Manning to meet Rede. The Government Camp is under siege 11th November/ A public meeting on Bakery Hill results in the formal establishment of the Ballarat Reform League and adoption of the League’s proposals./ 21st November/ The enquiry into the Bentley affair is published. It recommends the dismissal of the judge and the establishment of a Royal Commission. 23rd November/ Westerby, Fletcher and McIntyre are convicted of burning the hotel. The Ballarat Reform League demands their release. 27th November/ A deputation from The Ballarat Reform League, including Humffray, Black and Kennedy, meet with Hotham to demand the release of the three prisoners. Hotham does not believe the diggers have the right to “demand anything”, Rede requests reinforcements in Ballarat. 28th November/ Miners attack the troop reinforcements and wagons passing near the Eureka diggings. A drummer boy is seriously wounded. 29th November/ A “Monster Meeting” attended by more than 10,000 diggers is held on Bakery Hill. The Southern Cross flag is flown for the first time. Peter Lalor addresses the miners and a number of diggers burn their licences. 30th November/ A licence hunt occurs in the morning at the order of Commissioner Rede. Another meeting of radical miners is held on Bakery Hill. Peter Lalor becomes leader of the diggers and calls for volunteers. Many diggers wear an oath to defend their rights and liberties under the Southern Cross flag. A number of diggers move to the Eureka Lead and start to erect a stockade. 3rd December In the early hours of Sunday morning 296 soldiers and police led by Captain Thomas proceed from the Government Camp to the Eureka Lead and attack the Stockade. 22 diggers and 7 military are officially listed as being killed. Many others are wounded. Approximately 120 diggers are arrested and marched to the Government Camp. 4th December/ Funeral of some of the fallen diggers and soldiers. Martial Law is proclaimed in Ballarat. Henry Seekamp, editor of the Ballarat Times is charged with seditious libel. 6th December/ Major General Sir Robert Nickle, commander-in-chief of the military forces in the Australian colonies, arrives in Ballarat. 9th December/ General Nickle repeals martial law. 14th December/ The Gold Fields Commission sits for the first time. 18th December/ The first Ballarat sitting of the Gold Fields Commission is held at Bath’s Hotel. 1855 23rd January/ Henry Seekamp is found guilt of sedition and sentenced to three months in prison. 22nd February/ The Eureka trials starts in Melbourne. February to March/ 13 prisoners are tried and acquitted amid great public rejoicing. 27th March Report of the Royal Commission recommends miners’ rights and significant reforms. 10th November/ Peter Lalor and John Basson Humffray are nominated for seats in the legislative Council. 31st December Sir Charles Hotham dies before his resignation takes effect. flow, aaron robinson, holly grace, public art, eureka stockade, bakery hill