This snake bite or spider bite kit was made in the days when the treatment for such bites was to use a torniquet and lance the wound. Sanax snake and spider bite kit, comprising: 1. Metal and rubber tourniquet 2. Lancet in wooden case 3. Small sheet describing treatment for a snake or spider bite "SNAKEBITE/OR/SPIDER BITE" "Sir Lauder Brunton"snake bite, spider bite

The closure of the Commonwealth Bank branch in Watsonia is hurting businesses, with a popular store shutting its doors after 20 years.News article 1 page, black text.commonwealth bank, watsonia traders association, watsonia shopping centre

Article from Brooksy's Briefing about St Helena Road as a dirt track in the 1890s compared to today.Newsletter article text with colour imagest helena, colin brooks, st helena road greensborough, greensborough historical society, diamond creek road greensborough

This is an earlier example of how mosquitos and other annoying insect bites were treated.Quick treatment of insect bites could often prevent the development of serious medical conditions and diseases.Bottle clear glass originally containing liquid. Now empty. Marked "M. Ballantyne". Plastic top broken.‘Use Mosouitofly. A preventative and cure for all insect bites. Does not evaporate quickly. M Ballantyne, Pharmaceutical Chemist, Malvern & Mordiallac.' flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, mosquitos, insects, first aid, medicine, bites

Supplied to S.E.C. workers. This equipment was distributed to State Electricity workers working on the Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme during the 1940's and 1950's.Historical: S.E.C. workers worked in remote areas where they didn't have easy access to medical facilities. Shows the development of snake bite treatment and spider bites.Cardboard brown box without lid for holding two wooden cylinders. Each cylinder can be pulled apart showing one end with a lancet which is used to cut the skin after a snake or spider bite. Each wooden container has instructions in very small red writing. Also in the box are instructions for Snakebite and Spider Bite. This leaflet is written in red on white paper and has more detail than the instructions on the lancets. It is made up of a front and back page opening up to the middle page.Pamphlet: 'The / Treatment / of / Snakebite / and / Spider Bite' and at the bottom 'Sanax'first aid, snakebite, spider bite, sanax company, state electricity commission of victoria, workers, medical

At the time of manufacture, circa 1940's, the first aid treatment for snake bites, was to lance(cut) open the bite, wash it out and apply a ligature or tourniquet between the bite and the heart. This method was abandoned later after scientific evidence suggested that it was better to stop the blood system from carrying the poison to the heart (pressure immobilization). Australian snakes do not have long fangs therefore deep incisions into main arteries is rare. This research took many years to develop therefore the information supplied with the "Sanax" kits of this era is well outdated. Rural areas were more attuned to the possibilities of snake activity on farms, in sheds and in out houses and farm homesteads. This was not the case for mainly city and large townships environments. The mice plagues in wheat areas during the warmer month s has always been a high risk time for encountering snakesThese snake bite kits were issued to workers on the Kiewa Hydro Electricity Scheme. Some of these snake bite kits were kept at doctor's surgeries e.g. Bogong Village, House 13. The kit was carried by bushwalkers, scouts, farmers and high plains cattlemen. This item is of significance because it demonstrates the main dangers faced by all rural industries and towns, especially remote areas, and the portable remedies that where required as a necessity of the Australian bush environment. This item was in use at a time when the air ambulance and rescue facilities were not in existence and remote locations were more isolated and the availability of anti venom was hard to obtain locally.This item is a red coloured cardboard box(250 - 300 g/m) with white writing and containing the following 12 items. 7 clear red coloured capsules, 2 opaque red plastic capsules, 2 wooden capsules and 1 brass screw on capsule. The capsules are divided into two sections (compartments) horizontally. Each compartment has a screw lid. One compartment contains a lancet (for piercing the snake bite) and the other compartment contains the "Condy's" crystals compete with tightly rolled instructions.On top of the pull up lid, and flanked by two coiled snakes (at the strike position) is printed: "Trade Sanax Mark" below this " SNAKE and SPIDER BITE OUTFIT" and below this with instructions for use". Front side: "Sanax snake and spider bite outfit" underneath "Nepean Highway Morabbin" The later printing has been severely scratched but decipherable. The back side of the box has "Note to the retailer" and due to wear no more of the writing can be read. Each side of the box is printed "SANAX" snake, spider, first aid, kiewa hydro scheme, portable medical supplies

The poster has the following instructions for the treatment of snake bite:- "A ligature, that is, a strong string or narrow strip of clothing if no string is to be had, should be at once applied near the bitten part, and between the bite and the heart. tight enough to stop the circulation. The bitten part should then be immediately cut out by making, in the manner shown in the engravings, two curved incisions, which should be, where practicable, a quarter of an inch deep. The wound should then be well sucked for then minutes, by persons who have no wound, cut, sore or ulcer in their mouths, or on their lips. When the bite is on the head, face or body, or on any place where a ligature cannot be applied, the bitten part should be kept tightly pinched up till it can be cut out." The poster was authorised by T.R. Wilson, Secretary of Melbourne's Central Board of Health, between 1865 and 1881. It was printed by John Ferres, Government Printer, Melbourne, 1865-1881. The Central Board of Health, Melbourne, was in existence between 1855 and 1889. This poster has significance as an early record of public health instruction issued by the Central Board of Health in Melbourne for the treatment of snake-bite. The materials used to mount and frame the poster are also of significance, with the printing being done on fabric, and the newspaper inserted between the poster and the backboards.Timber-framed rectangular poster with printed instructions for treating a snake bite. The poster is printed on fabric. Between the poster and the backboards is a layer of newspaper, revealed by the damaged fabric. The back of the frame is filled by three vertical timber panels that are strengthened by three horizontal timber slats across the top, centre and bottom. The timbers are fixed in place with nails. The edges of the frame at the back have remnants of paper. Two metal eyelets are inserted into the top edge of the frame. The poster was issued by the Central Board of Health in Melbourne and printed by the Government Printer in Melbourne. It has the British Coat of Arms on top, diagrams and text, plus sections of newsprint.Symbol of [British Coat of Arms] between the letters "V." and "R." Headline "CENTRAL BOARD OF HEALTH" Subheading "WHAT TO DO IN CASE OF SNAKE-BITE" Instructions are printed on the poster. Diagrams include a bite on the knee and bites on the hand. Publisher "Central Board of Health, Melbourne, 28th February ----" "(By Order of the Board), T.R. WILSON, Secretary" "BY AUTHORITY, - - - - - - - - -, GOVERNMENT PRINTER, MELBOURNE" Newsprint includes:- "Duties in the bay were put ... --rried out. On ... harbour boat's cr-- ... , and formed of sufficient ... given ... to vessels in distress, and ... life-b- ... the help of a few..." and "last, a Gold English ... engraved -- cove-- to leave it at F.P. ..."flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, central board of health, melbourne, t.r. wilson, secretasry, government printer, john ferres, snake-bite, treatment, first aid, 19th century, poster, government health announcement

Augustus Mueller was a medical practitioner in Yackandandah and District who was convinced of the efficacy of strychnine as an antidote for snakebite. He believed that small doses of strychnine would stimulate the nervous system while being insufficient to cause the death of the patient by poisoning. The patent for his antidote was granted on May 10th 1891. His treatment gained some acceptance in the general community but was widely condemned in the medical profession. Dr Mueller investigated treatments for typhoid following a local outbreak in Beechworth, Victoria. He also received several prizes for his work as a vigneron. Dr Mueller died in Yackandandah, Victoria on 31st December 1898. The instructions included the following information:- "Inject now only half a syringe full, or, if the patient objects to the needle, let him take ten drops of the antidote in a little cold water every half-hour, until he or she feels a little stiffness about the jaws, slight pain in the back of the neck, and jerking of arms and legs on moving them. These are the effects of the antidote. They are quite harmless, and must be produced to ensure the safety of the patient".This item is significant because it was A leather case embossed with gold embossed writing. It contains items as part of a snake bite kit and detailed instructions for its use.On lid DR. MUELLER'S ANTIDOTE FOR SNAKE BITE WITH HYPODERMIC SYRINGE & DIRECTIONS FOR USE. PREPARED BY M. S. ROME YACKANDANDAH.snake antidotes, doctor augustus mueller, northeast victoria identities

Prior to the first antivenom development in Australia, many of the snake men had a vast array of snakebite remedies they either used for themselves in the case of bites or pedaled to the public. Treatments such as ammonia, strychnine, chlorinated lime, potassium permanganate, suction caps, alcohol, gunpowder, petrol, toad urine, iodide swabs and pig face plant juice were some that were used and sold. The first antivenom produced in Australia was in 1930 for tiger snake bites. Subsequently, in response to public pressure, other antivenoms were produced. Taipan, 1955; Brown snake, 1956; Death Adder, 1958; Papuan black snake, 1959; Sea snake, 1961; and the polyvalent, 1962.Black box with hinged opening and gold leaf printed text on the top. Inside the box is lined with blue satin and velvet, and contains one (1) syringe with glass chamber and metal plunger and black rubber stopper, one (1) glass bottle with a label stating it contains chloride of lime, one (1) glass bottle with a label stating it contains pure alcohol and two (2) needles with metal connectors, one of which is broken. There is also a small wooden block with a groove in the top of it.Gold lettering on top of box: CHLORIDE OF LIME ANTIDOTE / FOR / SNAKE BITE / FELTON GRIMWADE & CO. / MELBOURNE.hydrochloride lime, alcohol, antidote, venom, snake bite

Liquor ammonie was an antidote for snake bites in the late 19th century. George Halford, a medical professor at Melbourne University promoted ammonia injections to stimulate the heart and reinvigorate the blood. Inspired by experiments in dogs, his suggestion to intravenously dose snakebitten patients with an acknowledged poison was certainly controversial. The prevailing treatments, for doctors and laity, were ligature, cutting and sucking the wound, rest (or vigorous exercise), and prodigious quantities of alcohol. Support for ‘Halford’s injection’ nevertheless grew: Victorian doctors, chemists and citizens extolled its effectiveness in both human and animal patients. (Info. from Spectacular serpents: Snakebite in colonial Australia)This item is a useful research tool.A one sheet tabular list of cases of snake bite treated by the injection of liquor ammonie. There are pinholes in each corner.on front - Harry Richardsonsnake-bite australian-medical-journal halford-george

This bite block was used to prevent patients under anaesthesia or sedation from involuntarily biting down. This protected the patient’s teeth and tongue, while also shielding vital instruments like endotracheal tubes from damage during procedures. The device narrows in the centre to rest securely between the molars, with a beaded metal chain and loop designed to prevent it from slipping too far into the throat — a simple yet essential feature in an era before digital monitoring. Allen & Hanburys Ltd., a prominent British pharmaceutical company, was known for producing surgical and dental instruments throughout the 20th century. Their bite blocks were part of a broader evolution of airway management tools that prioritised safety, hygiene, and patient comfort. Black hard rubber tubular bite block with red rubber ends. Block narrows in the centre where there is attached a metal beaded chain ending in a circular loop for securing and preventing from losing down the patient's throat. medical device, anaesthesia, bite block

This bite block was used to prevent patients under anaesthesia or sedation from involuntarily biting down. This protected the patient’s teeth and tongue, while also shielding vital instruments like endotracheal tubes from damage during procedures. The device narrows in the centre to rest securely between the molars, with a beaded metal chain and loop designed to prevent it from slipping too far into the throat — a simple yet essential feature in an era before digital monitoring. Allen & Hanburys Ltd., a prominent British pharmaceutical company, was known for producing surgical and dental instruments throughout the 20th century. Their bite blocks were part of a broader evolution of airway management tools that prioritised safety, hygiene, and patient comfort.Black hard rubber tubular bite block with red rubber ends. Block narrows in the centre where there is attached a metal beaded chain ending in a circular loop for securing and preventing from losing down the patient's throat.medical device, anaesthesia, bite block

This bite block was used to prevent patients under anaesthesia or sedation from involuntarily biting down. This protected the patient’s teeth and tongue, while also shielding vital instruments like endotracheal tubes from damage during procedures. The device narrows in the centre to rest securely between the molars, with a beaded metal chain and loop designed to prevent it from slipping too far into the throat — a simple yet essential feature in an era before digital monitoring. Allen & Hanburys Ltd., a prominent British pharmaceutical company, was known for producing surgical and dental instruments throughout the 20th century. Their bite blocks were part of a broader evolution of airway management tools that prioritised safety, hygiene, and patient comfort.Black hard rubber tubular bite block with red rubber ends. Block narrows in the centre where there is attached a metal beaded chain ending in a circular loop for securing and preventing from losing down the patient's throat.medical device, anaesthesia, bite block

A bite on the Beechy. Norman Houghton. Norman Houghton; Geelong (Vic); c.2011. 7 p.; refs. Paper.beech forest; colac; railways; gellibrand; wyelangta; lavers hill; crowes;

An account of a snakebite which occured during a gardening activity in Blackburn. The victim Mrs Mann had received enough venom from the bite to kill a child. The snake was identifies as either a copperhead or black snake. The article contained information on how to treat snake bite and advice on keeping gardens snake free.A snakebite which occured during a gardening activity in Blackburn. csl, melbourne geo, snakes, box hill hospital, mann gwen, goulopoulos, tom, black snake, copperhead snake, st vincents intensive care unit

These kits were usually found in homes or cars and taken on trips. Donated to Rotary op shop and forwarded to the Historical SocietyHistorical Complete First Aid Kit, thought to be from c. 1965 includes various medicines, bandages, snake bite kit, and creams in a brown vinyl case. Haven First Aid Kit haven first aid kit, medicine

One printed tea towel with first aid instructions for bleeding, burns, snake bite, asthma, heart attack, blood nose,convulsions, sporting injuries.First Aid,St John

A tool to set the teeth of saws used in the early 20th centuryA metal guide used to set the teeth of a circular or crosscut saw when sharpening - i.e. to angle the teeth so that the saw bites into the wood.. It was used in the early 20th century.handsaws, woodworking saws, log saws, woodcutter saws

Used to protect ankles from sticks in thick scrub as well as from snake bitesCanvas protective gaiters with leather straps (ex-army)forests commission victoria (fcv), protective clothing, bushfire

This bottle contained Condy's crystals. Condy's Crystals (potassium permanganate) was a popular domestic item for decades, its crystals usually being dissolved in water to make a purple solution for antiseptic and disinfectant purposes. It was also used for snake bite, with standard first aid texts advising that a snake bite should be cut with a knife or razor, the venom sucked out and Condy's Crystals applied to the site. (ref. Powerhouse Museum) A small rectangular four-sided brown bottle. The neck has a screw thread.On sides - POISON NOT TO BE TAKEN On bottom - F1090 Mmedical health bottle condy's-crystals

Narrow glass bottle containing Citronella Compound Mosquito Oil (approx. 20-25 ml) Has metal screw-on lid and label.On label: "Citronella compound mosquito oil. Will effectively prevent the bites of mosquitoes and sand flies. Apply freely. Will not harm the skin." The Eastman Pharmacal Co. Ltd. Sydney, Australia. bottles, containers, medicine containers

The small, cylindrical steel airway is used to prop open the patient's mouth to allow air into the lungs. The opening has a wide, curved lip and is covered with T-shaped grating which prevents its use with an endotracheal tube as a bite block.mouth gag, mouth prop, bite blocker, c langton hewer, anaesthesia, endotracheal, airway, oral apparatus, tongue

Possibly 'Rega' pump insect spray used for protection against insects, especially those that bite or carry disease. Used before the invention of aerosol spray.Old Australian copper and brass Rega insect sprayer used by residents in the Kiewa ValleyPossible copper container and pump - joined with brass fittings including nozzle. Plunger - red steel. Handle -woodinsect repellent, insect pump sprayer

This style of first aid kit was marketed to local sports clubs, and is socially and historically significant.First Aid Kit, dark brown heavy cardboard case with metal corner and edge reinforcing and metal clips. Including collapsible wooden splint, boracic lint, gauze, linen sling, castor oil,sal volatile, anteseptic, band-aids, adhesive tape and snake bite instructions.first, aid, kit

When Carl Sandner began Sandner and Sons Eucalyptus Distillery in 1875, he probably had no idea his archives would end up in the National Library. The distillery operated until 1967 and the Uley Street site was the subject of archaeological monitoring in 2011 prior to Bendigo’s new ambulance station being built there. But his great great grandson Alec Sandner handed over some mint-condition documents that he has held on to for many years. “I had this tin and the more I opened it, the more interested in it I became,” Mr Sandner said. “There was a letter from the Kaiser in 1888 because the business had written to them asking them to endorse. They had politely refused. “There was also a letter from the Italian consulate saying the King of Italy was satisfied with the product he received. From then the advertising said the products had been approved by the King of Italy.” At its peak, Sandner and Sons had agents up and down the east coast of Australia as well as in New Zealand and the United States of America. https://www.bendigoadvertiser.com.au/story/3854951/sandner-and-sons-to-be-preserved-in-national-library/ A small tin of Sander's LYPTI OINTMENT. The lidded tin contains a waxy brown substance with an aroma of eucalyptus. There are no ingredients listed. Gold coloured tin with red, blue and white printing. "For Cuts, Burns, Eczema, Sores, Itching, Piles, Skin Diseases, Sunburn, Insect Bites, Chapped Hands Etc.sandner, cosmetics, eucalyptus distillery