Street Scene Cnr. O’Callaghan St. & Clifton Avenue. 2004stawell

Colour postcard, with two cable tram sets in Queens Parade Clifton Hil and the buildings on with side of the very wide roadway. Yields information about the view along Queens Parade Clifton Hill.Postcard - colour with divided back, used with a Victorian 1d stamp on the rear.Handwritten note and date stamp of the Clifton Hill Post Office. Has a Christmas Greetings on the rear for a person in Sebastopol.trams, tramways, cable trams, clfiton hill, queens parade

Memorandum, typed foolscap, 8 sheets, titled "Memo to Members of the Board - The Bourke Street - Nicholson Street and Clifton Hill and Northcote Conversion" dated 13/10/1938. The report looks at major English cities, excluding London, transport to developing housing areas outside existing transport links, costs of conversion compared to buses, success of diesel buses (referred to as crude oil buses), construction of new tram lines, use of trolley buses and tables looking at the cost and revenues for each routes, comparison of service levels, capital costs and other factors. Recommends that the Collingwood cable line be closed as soon as practicable. See also Reg Item 934 for a bound copy of his full overseas tour report.trams, tramways, mmtb, bourke st, conversion, double deck buses, tours, overseas tours, buses, trolley buses, uk, costs, housing

Auction brochure for 'Lake Heights Estate' Blackburn. 97 blocks, 3 December 1949. Agents in conjunction, Duncan & Weller Pty Ltd and Weston & Heath.land subdivision, lake road, blackburn, lake heights estate, florence street, nunawading, clifton street, gerald street, milton street

c1950's. This vintage 12 oz Nabisco Pty Ltd Wundawax Furniture Polish was used to shine wooden furniture.A flat round vintage Wundawax Furniture Polish tin with a removable lid and polish contents inside. The top of the yellow and black lid has red sun rays in the middle with 'WUNDAWAX POLISH' in black lettering outlined in yellow and red. There are directions included. Around the edge of the top lid is the manufacturer's details. On the base of the tin is printed in black bold lettering WUNDAWAX POLISH 'Net Weight 12 oz when packed'. The lid can be opened to show wax in the tin.The lid has red sun rays in the middle with 'Gives a Lasting Polish Will Not Mark' at the top in black letters. 'WUNDAWAX Floor Polish' is also on the top as well as 'Directions Apply Sparingly & Finish with a Soft Cloth'. Around the edge of the lid 'WUNDAWAX' is printed in yellow lettering as well as '' Around the edge of the lid inside black lines is printed ' Polishes Instantly. Easily applied. Cleans and Preserves Made by A. McClintock & Co. Pty. Ltd. Smith Street Clifton Hill' 'Net Weight 12 oz when packed'.cleaning equipment, cleaning products, furniture polish

A history of the Big River valley and the townships of Enoch's Point and Darlingford, VictoriaPaperback. Cover has a photograph of a group of men sitting and crouching for a group photograph. There are trees in the background.for Doug - / With best wishes,/ John Pilkington / January 2000 To the memory of my parents,/ Ralph and Florence Pilkington Stamp of the Marysville & District Historical Society Inc / P.O. Box 22 / Marysville 3779enoch point, darlingford, big river, victoria, australia, history, john keith pilkington

Photograph shows busy cable tram with destination Clifton Hill stationary outside the Northcote car and engine houses. High street is lined with shop verandahs and busy with pedestrians, early model motor cars and horse drawn carts.Yields information about cable trams on High Street, Northcote and Thornbury Black and white photograph with note below and on rear. Printed below photograph: "High Street Looking North Thornbury Real Photo Series M 138". On rear in ink: "Melbourne, High St, Northcote, north over car. Martin St, with cable tram outside Car Barn. before 1920. K S Kings Collection No. 5-A.517"clifton hill, high street, car house, engine house

Photograph shows a Bourke Street bound cable tram from Nicholson Street and a Clifton Hill bound cable trams in front of Parliament House. Both cars sets carry the original MTOC livery and markings dating the photo to before about 1920. Yields information about cable trams in Spring Street Black and white photograph with note on front and postcard layout on rear.Note on front reads: "Parliament House"bourke street, nicholson street, clifton hill, parliament house, mtoc livery, before about 1920

Provides information on the times of the first and last trams on the Clifton Hill and Northcote lines. These lines operated in Bourke Street. Note the time of the first trams on Sundays - no trams operated on Sunday mornings throughout Melbourne.Demonstrates the provision of timetable information on cable tram services to passengers.First and Last cars - Clifton Hill and Northcote cable trams printed on heavy brown coloured card. Alterations have been made by pasting on small slips of paper with the revised times.cable trams, tramways, timetables, northcote, clifton hill, bourke street

Part of the saddle equipment of a Light Horse Trooper. the loop and strap on side was to secure a sword.Leather wallet holding two horse shoes. Manufactured by the Commonwealth Government Harness Factory (CGHF) Groom Street Clifton Hill Victoria.CGHF / 337horseshoe, wallet, light horse

Part of the saddle equipment of a Light Horse Trooper. Manufactured by the Commonwealth Government Harness Factory (CGHF) Groom Street Clifton Hill Victoria.Leather wallet holding two horse shoes.CGHF / Australiahorseshoe, wallet, light horse

Letter from a POW from Germany, identified as "B.J. Groom", 2/6th Battn 2 AIF taken prisoner in Greece 1941 and interned at XVIIIA WOLFSBERG, AUSTRIA. From husband to his wife, Betty. Part of the collection of Bill Thomason. Refer Cat No. 4136P.White paper letter written in pencil from an Australian POW in Austria to his wife in Australia. Folds up in 4 pages into an envelope. On the front is some phrases in German. On one folded section is name and address of the receiver and on another is name and number of sender. Both of these pages have a sticker saying "3 opened by censor". At the top of page is a fold that inserts into a slit on page 3 to fold a nice envelope.Detailed letter dated "28/7/43". Addressed to "Mrs B. Groom, 29 Gordon Street, Clifton Hill, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia" Stamped "Passed by Censor 382".collection of william (bill) thomason, letter, ww2, prisoner of war, b.j. groom

Street Scene Clifton Avenue Stawell looking towards Barnes Street. Photo taken before the pine tree were removed.Black and white photograph of a wide street with trees lining the street, houses in the background.stawell

Street Scene Clifton Avenue Stawell looking towards Barnes Street. Photo taken before the pine tree was removed from the street.Black and white photograph of a wide street looking towards an intersection. Houses line the end road with a large pine tree on the right and a deciduous tree on the left. stawell

Single sheet legal document folded to 4 pages (one page blank). Lease agreement between GRACE MABEL DARBYSHIRE of "Kialla" Wonga Park Road Warranwood in the State of Victoria (lessor) and JOHN HENRY GUNN of 56 Grant Street Clifton Hill in the State of Victoria (lessee). Two copies - original and "counterpart".Victorian Stamp Duty imprint - one shilling - date stamped 20 June 1949. One of the 2 copies is rubber stamped "The original instrument of which this is a counterpart is duly stamped" and signed by the Deputy Comptroller of Stamps. Signature section includes witness - Charles E Carter, Commissioner for taking Affidavits and Declarations under Evidence Act 1915. Solicitor details on cover panel - E.L. Moran, LL.B., 281 Collins Street, Melbourne, C.1.

Henry Havelock Langham's father was William Henry Langham, his mother's maiden name was Lizzie A Hackett and they lived at 235 Gold Street Clifton Hill. Henry was born on 21 April 1904 at Clifton Hill. The Officiating Minister was John Hall. The word "Wesleyan" has been struck out on the certificate because in 1902 it with four other churches came together to form the Methodist Church of Australasia.Methodist Church Certificate of Baptism for Henry Havelock Langham in 1904 at Fttzroy.john hall, henry havelock langham

Photograph shows a view from the street of Clifton Hill depot with cable trailers and a double deck No. 225 passing the depot in Queens Parade Clifton Hill. Photo by Frank Shennen 26/2/1941. Photo taken after the closure of the Bourke St lines in Oct. 1940.Yields information about Clifton Hill cable tram depot or car house and the use of double deck buses. Black and white photograph with notes on the rear and Negative.On rear in pencil "Clifton Hill cable car depot showing trams in yard and new bus in foreground 26/2/1941. 3399 Truck Bus FS. Has measurements and number "169" in pencil in top right hand corner.tramways, cable trams, clifton hill, double deck buses, bus 225

A pair of a young girl's shoes, made from soft leather, with a single button ankle strap. The shoes were cherished by the donor as the first pair of shoes she had worn as a child. The shoes were made by J. & E. Robertson, a shoe manufacturer located at 64 Hoddle Street, Clifton Hill, Victoria. Clifton Hill was the heart of the shoe manufacturing industry in the immediate post World War II era. The company was highly regarded for producing structured children's footwear made of premium materials designed. These shoes are from their "Seraph" range which was designed to combat the flat feet and structural posture issues common in children at the time. This focus on podiatric health earned them official certifications and the distinctive Approval Numbers. The inscription "approval number 2047" stamped on their inner soles indicates that the shoe met government guidelines for structure and the use of local materials.These shoes are significant because they are representative of footwear worn by young children in Wodonga in the late 1940s and 1950s.A pair of infant's sandals made from satin with button up ankle strap.Inside shoe: Seraph shoes J & E Robertson approval number 2047children's footwear, j & e robertson shoes

Photographer notations on slide: At the Leather Exhib. at T. Hall Melb 1933 Age Published: Age (Melbourne, Vic.: 1854- ), 1933 THE EXHIBITS. (1933, September 20). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), p. 16. Retrieved January 25, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article205109730 Published title: THE EXHIBITS. A COMPREHENSIVE RANGE. Curios, Novelties, Working Displays Published Caption: ONE OF THE NOVELTIES – AN OUTSIZE IN SHOES Research by Project Volunteer, Louise McKenzie: Our photo is dated 20 September 1933, and shows a happy, chubby-faced young girl sitting in a very over-sized girl’s shoe. It is labelled – “Shoe, An Out Size, loaned by Messrs Blackman & Rose”. (1) It is an effective way to capture the attention of the readership and alert them to the Melbourne Leather Show 1933. This show was designed to be a drawcard of extraordinary proportion, and there is no doubt that this leather exhibition was a really big deal for Melbourne. It completely took over the Melbourne Town Hall, and was open from 10.30 am until 10.30 pm. It seemed to contain something for everyone – the military, the man about town, the home handyman, the housewife, the child, the sporting types, the domestic workers, the outdoor enthusiasts, the horseracing fans, car enthusiasts, those wishing to show off the latest fashion – both men and women - and those just intrigued by a lot of fascinating and wide ranging exhibits. One of the most comprehensive descriptions of the Exhibition accompanies the photograph, and is worth quoting in full: “PROMINENT among exhibits which first attract attention in the foyer of the Town Hall is a comprehensive display of leather articles used by the defence forces. A conspicuous legend states that leather plays an important part in national defence, being used for saddlery, tool containers, holdalls, range-finding, surveying and signalling equipment, explosives factories, harness accoutrement, bandsmen's equipment and clothing. Three models of horses and several figures of soldiers wearing leather equipment illustrate the lesson, and a great range of leather goods used in military training and work variegate the display. Nearby are Texas cowboy, buckjumping and breaking-in saddles; whips, a walking stick, made of leather and numerous other curios. The general exhibition occupies the whole floor space of the main Town Hall, and is subdivided by partitions running most of the length of the hall. A bewildering variety, of leather goods presses for close and leisured inspection. Here and there operatives in charge of working machinery give practical demonstrations of factory processes in the production of footwear. Polishing materials are well represented. One attractive exhibit includes two bush huts constructed of leather, with wattle bark for roofing. Opossums, rosellas and a kookaburra add touches of bush realism. Adjacent exhibits include bags, fishing boots, leggings, leather covers in all colours. Factory Processes. One exhibitor has installed an automatic cinema apparatus and screen, which projects various factory processes in making a shoe, the operator being shown at work. Elsewhere an interesting exhibit depicts the five stages in the manufacture of sole leather, and the tanning materials employed. "Very handsome effects are achieved in the interior appointments of motor cars, which are attended by figures of smart chauffeurs in leather coats. Motor-trimming leather is said to be more durable and hygienic than fabric materials, and cheaper. The neat finish of the material, its excellent appearance, certainly make a very favourable impression. It takes the hides of three beasts to cover the cushions, squabs and door panels of a full-sized sedan, while to finish the entire interior, including quarter-panels and head linings would take four or even five. Special Exhibits. Amongst the special sections the display arranged by the handicrafts and home industries- committee of the Country Women's Association of Victoria is a notable one. In all there are about 130 entries which are in four classifications, viz., hand-tooled or embossed leathers, suede, hand-made gloves and undecorated leather. The glove section attracted the most numerous entries, a number being the work of members and craft subscribers of the Country Women's Association. In the leathercraft competition, organised by the Country Women's Association, the judges yesterday awarded the first prize for bookbinding (the only prize given in this division) to Miss M. Alston, of South Yarra. There is also a creditable display of exhibits submitted by boys of the orthopaedic section of the Children's Hospital at Frankston. Amongst the novelties on view in other portions of the exhibition were the following: — Leather coats worn by Sir C. Kingsford Smith on his Atlantic flight. Model Wellington boot, Phar Lap's saddle. Melbourne Cup winner's saddle. Longest whip in world, 108 feet long. (33 metres) [See our photo, to left of Girl in Shoe] Diminutive shoes. Pair of shoes 65 years old. Pair of men's working boots 75 years old. Larwood's, Tate’s and Pataudi’s cricket boots. [Three internationally revered cricketers of the day] (2) Picture frame made of leather bought 63 years ago. [See our photo, to right of Girl in Shoe] Leather frame, powder bowl, &c. Saddle used by world's champion buckjumper in U.S.A. Mexican cowboy outfit. Miniature saddle and bridle. A fireman's helmet made of sole leather. (3) Sample of the leather hat worn by porters at the Billingsgate Fish Market, London. (4) From South Australia there have been obtained sets of harness for donkeys, goats and camels, the equipment being displayed to good advantage on stuffed representations of the animals mentioned. Close to the platform is a glass case containing snow shoes and coats which have been used in Antarctic exploration work. Trade Display. Amongst the trade exhibits may be seen in operation a slipper turn shoe sewing machine, with heeling and channelling facilities, and the various stages in the production of ladies' sandals are shown. There is a wide contrast between sole leather of varying degrees of thickness on view in one stall and the choice samples of ladies' footwear in another — footwear, by the way, which could almost be used as ornaments, so dainty in colour and production are they. Again, there are displays of upholstering leathers of such soft texture that they could he readily mistaken for some of the finest cloth. Those who may be particularly interested in the production of chamois leather may gain an insight into the materials and chemicals used in the "working up” of this variety of leather. Supplies of glace kid (5) are tastefully arranged, and there may also be seen bags of all shapes and sizes, including satchels, suit cases and "sporting" cases, and bags for tennis players and golfers. Further variety is given to the exhibition by the display of antique hides, brightly coloured, with punching balls, boxing gloves and batsman's pads. There are crocodile skins and snake skins so cleverly "Worked up" that one could be almost pardoned for betraying an affection for such unpopular creatures.” “ Another wonderful article on this Exhibition, published the same day in one of the opposition daily newspapers, The Argus, is in the weekly article “Women to Women”, entitled “A Great Victorian Industry: Many Uses for Leather”. This weekly column was penned by Vesta, and she writes, with much purpose: “Yesterday afternoon I paid a hurried visit to the Leather Exhibition now being held in the Melbourne Town Hall and I was disappointed to find that the early visitors to the main exhibition were almost all men. Women, I think, should make a point of seeing every exhibition of our great industries, for women are the buyers of household requisites and goods for their own use and their tastes, and opinion influence also, to a large extent, the purchases of men. So, the welfare of industries is more or less in their hands and it becomes a duty for them to inform themselves fully of the extent and the quality of the manufacturing that is done here. The value of the output of the Australian boot and shoe factories alone was in 1930-31, the latest year for which the figures are given, Stg 3,750,000. Fully two thirds of that amount must have been spent by women on boots and shoes for themselves and their children. In a host of other directions, in the purchase of handbags, travelling bags, belts and straps, cushions, furniture coverings, purses, notebooks, spectacle cases, their annual expenditure must be very high. Their interest, therefore, in this industry is practical, and their support of it should be governed by knowledge of comparable values and qualities of the goods they buy. From the point of view of women, however, the exhibition itself is rather disappointing. There is an amazing collection of good stuff on show, but most of it is not displayed in a fashion that attracts attention. I was surprised, for example, at the range and quality of the leathers displayed, the suppleness of the finer qualities, and the varied range of colours and designs. But they are shown in such a fashion that if one set out deliberately to look for them it would be quite easy to miss most of them.” …It was surprising, too, that no one seemed to have taken advantage of the present fashion of wearing coloured gloves, or the cult of glove making, which the Country Women’s Association has fostered so successfully. Outside the collection of chamois leathers I saw no skins which were suitable to glove making. (6) However, it is perhaps a little unfair to be highly critical of the exhibition, inasmuch as it is the first of its kind. The material is there, undoubtedly, for a splendid show of every phase of this enterprising industry, and I am confident that experience will prove to those concerned that it will be worth while next time to devote a great deal of attention of the method of display.” With further research, it transpires that “Vera” is in fact NZ born Stella May Allen (nee Henderson) (1871-1962), a journalist, the first woman in NZ to begin a law course, in 1890-91). She later worked at a law firm while she completed her degree. Study of the law had always been open to women in NZ, but its practice was still barred to them. Her case “…led to amending legislation in 1896 allowing women to practise as barristers or solicitors. However, on gaining her LL.B. in November 1897 she did not apply for admission to the Bar. Instead, she became the Wellington-based correspondent and leader-writer for the Lyttelton Times. Her appointment, the first for a woman, was not welcomed by the all-male Press Gallery, and special permission had to be obtained from a subcommittee of the House before her presence was accepted. In 1900 she married Edwin Allen, a senior leader-writer for the Wellington Evening Post, and they moved to Australia in 1903 when Edwin Allen took up the post of foreign affairs leader-writer and parliamentary man for the Melbourne Argus. As Patricia Keep notes in her excellent entry of Stella Allan in the Australian Dictionary of Biography: “In 1907 The Argus commissioned her to write a series of articles on the first Australian Women's Work Exhibition held in October. They aroused much interest and next year The Argus invited her to join its full-time staff and begin a weekly section on the particular interests of women. She adopted the nom de plume 'Vesta' and called the column 'Women to Women'. Her work was unique in an Australian daily paper at that time. Her pages extended to cover every aspect of women's affairs, children's interests and community welfare, and 'Vesta' became a household word for authoritative information and advice on such matters. An excellent needlewoman and first-rate cook herself, she thoroughly tutored her staff in the work and needs of women in both country and city, as well as providing the usual training for cadet journalists. She conducted interviews and also visited the country to see at first hand the results of bushfires, mouse plagues, droughts and floods. In 1910 she was one of three women foundation members of the Australian Journalists' Association. “…she found time to become deeply involved in community affairs. She was an original committee-member of the Victorian Association of Crèches and of the Free Kindergarten Union of Victoria, and had much to do with the early days of the Victorian Bush Nursing Association, the Baby Health Centres Association and the Queen Victoria Hospital. She was a member of the National Council of Women, first in New Zealand and then in Melbourne, and of the Country Women's Association from its inception. … in 1924 she was appointed substitute delegate for Australia to the fifth assembly of the League of Nations at Geneva and was a delegate to the second Pan Pacific Women's Conference in Hawaii in 1930. A meeting held in the Melbourne Town Hall in 1938 by representatives of all the main Victorian women's organizations paid special tribute to her work and influence. She retired next year to England where she continued to write for the Argus, contributing articles on the experiences of women and children in wartime.” It is little wonder that “Vesta” was unafraid to take to task both the women of Victoria, and those who created the exhibition! One item which appears to have gone unnoticed, or at least unreported, is a framed article in the background of the photo of the chubby girl in the shoe. The display frame is labelled “Leather from the Human Skin, Tanned and Dressed by French artists.” The exhibition was certainly a cabinet of curiosities! A charming article in The Argus is a nice note on which to end. It gives a quick history and overview of the Australian leather industry and its unprecedented, and possibly unexpected, development and success, and states with pride: “Though Victoria is the largest leather producer in the Commonwealth all tanners in the Commonwealth can look back with pride on the long march of progress.” Footnotes: (1) “Blackman and Rose”. Messrs Blackman and Rose were shoe manufacturers, from 1927 located at 200 Noone Street, Clifton Hill. The Melbourne Circle describes their building as a “fine-looking building in the Federation ‘blood and bandage’ style.” It was built around 1912 for Puttifoot and Bloom, boot manufacturers, and today the building is apartments. (2) These cricketers were household names in the day: Tate: Maurice Tate, “English cricketer of the 1920s and 1930s, and leader of England’s Test bowling attack for a long time during this period. The founder of modern seam bowling. “ Larwood: Harold Larwood, “English right-arm fast bowler and the main exponent of the bowling style known as “bodyline”. Used to considerable effect in the 1932-33 Test series in Australia. Pataudi: Iftikhar A K Pataudi, “an Indian prince who in the 1930s played Test cricket for England, and in the 1940s played Test cricket for India (as Captain) – the only test cricketer to have played for both India and England. (3) “sole” leather “… is the thickest and most resistant material existing in the tanning industry … made from vegetable tanned leathers, usually bovine butts, processed in a special way to make them the hardest type of leather in existence.” (4) The hats worn by porters at Billingsgate Fish Market were also known as a “Bobbin” and look quite squat and rather unsophisticated. They were made of wood and tarred leather, with a “flat, hardened top designed to support large rectangular boxes of fish. The upturned brim protected the porter’s head against fish juice draining from the boxes of fish which would be carried on top of the hat. Some hats featured a small drain hole at the rear to allow this collected juice to drain down the back of the carrier. The hats were made using the ‘cuir bouilli’ technique. The leather was immersed in water which was heated until the leather began to shrink. It was then removed and put on a wooden former. The leather was stitched together to make the hat while still wet, and then held in place until dry.” (See article and photo on the London Museum website) (5) Glace kid – described on the Boston Museum of Fine Arts’ Cameo database as “A smooth glossy leather originally prepared from goat or sheepskin. Early glace kid had a shiny surface that was originally prepared by tawing the skin in a mixture of alum, table salt, flour, and egg yolk. Today, glace kid is prepared from many types of vegetable or chrome tanned leathers. The smooth polished surface is obtained mechanically by shaving, glazing, ironing, and/or rolling the dry leather.” (6) In the 1930s, Melbourne’s glovemaking industry was characterised by local manufacturing, with key producers like Simpson’s Gloves Pty Ltd in Richmond and the Stagg Glove Company in Clifton Hill leading the market. These factories produced high-quality leather gloves, handbags, and specialty gear, often employing a clear gendered division of labour and training young, local women. Museum Victoria holds the Simpson’s Gloves Collection, comprising over 1200 items, and the University of Melbourne Archives holds the company’s business records. References: THE EXHIBITS. (1933, September 20). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), p. 16. Retrieved January 25, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article205109730 EXPORT LEATHER. (1929, September 17). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), p. 17. Retrieved January 19, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4037647 LEATHER EXHIBITION (1933, September 18). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), p. 10. Retrieved January 19, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article11693362 (1933, September 23). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), p. 21. Retrieved January 19, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-page522766 WOMEN TO WOMEN (1933, September 20). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), p. 13. Retrieved January 19, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article11694034 Australian Dictionary of Biography, Stella May Allan (1871–1962) https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/allan-stella-may-4998 WOMEN TO WOMEN (1930, January 22). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), p. 13. Retrieved January 19, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4063888 Museums Victoria, Simpson’s Gloves, 486-496 Victoria Street, North Richmond, VIC, Australia https://collections.museumsvictoria.com.au/articles/2702 The Argus. (1927, October 31). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), p. 20. Retrieved February 7, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3888451 Melbourne Circle: stories from the suburbs: “Boots and all in Clifton Hill” https://melbournecircle.net/2015/11/20/bootmakers-of-clifton-hill/ Wikipedia, Maurice Tate, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Tate Wikipedia, Harold Larwood, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Larwood Wikipedia, Iftikhar Ali Khan Pataudi, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iftikhar_Ali_Khan_Pataudi Buy Leather Online Italy, Sole leather: https://buyleatheronline.com/en/blog/outsole-and-insole-leather-n7 London Museum, Porters hats, https://www.londonmuseum.org.uk/collections/v/object-731122/hat-porters-hat/ Cameo Database, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Glace Kid, https://cameo.mfa.org/wiki/Glac%C3%A9_kid VICTORIAN LEATHER HAS WON RENOWN (1937, September 22). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), p. 31 (March of Progress Supplement). Retrieved February 7, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article1108704 Photographer notations on slide: "At the Leather Exhib. at T. Hall Melb 1933 Age B5".displays, melbourne town hall, leather, children, shoes, 1930-1939, industry, hats, gloves

Photo - see pdf file for further information. Number Brief Description RSC1 PCC 1041 at the gates of Preston Workshops on a test run without its trolley retriever RSC2 PCC 1041 in Glenhuntly Road on Route 67 en-route to Carnegie crossing the Railway Gates at Glenhuntly Station RSC3 W2 482 stored at Malvern Depot with Olympic Park on the Destination RSC4 Cable Car Set 64 in Swanston Street outside Princess Bridge Station in bound with open top Double Deck Bus, Trak Motors ? Departing from Flinders St Station RSC5 W3 669 in St George Road at Sumner Street en-route to Preston Workshops for scrapping RSC6 Cable Car in Lygon Street en-route to Carlton RSC7 PCC 1041 turning from St Georges Road into Miller Street to enter the Preston Workshops RSC8 Flinders Street Station with cable cars RSC9 PCC 1041 in strife on its maiden day in service. Trams on route 88 delayed in Queens Parade Clifton Hill RSC10 Flinders Street at William Street with Cable Cars RSC11 L 104 on the fan of the new shed at Malvern Depot on a TMSV tour RSC12 Cable Set 1 after it’s restoration at Preston Workshops on the fan near the front gate RSC13 X1 466 at a suburban terminus of the Footscray System RSC14 X2 680 at Point Ormond Terminus RSC15 An ex Launceston Tram at the outside terminus of the Penny Royal Complex Tramway in Launceston RSC16 Q 148 at Preston Workshops awaiting disposal RSC17 Elizabeth Street with Cable Cars RSC18 Elizabeth and Bourke Streets corner outside the GPO with cable cars RSC19 Collins Street with Cable Cars RSC20 A photo taken from the observation deck of the ICI building showing a view of Parliament House with a W class tram in Nicholson Street RSC21 Auburn Horse car with a posed photo of all the tramway men employed RSC22 Cheltenham Double Deck Horsecar with a full load of passengers RSC23 City of Northcote cable trailer No 3 at a terminus RSC24 City of Northcote Cable cars passing in High Street Northcote RSC25 St Kilda Road at Princes Bridge with Cable Cars RSC26 Flinders Street with Cable Cars RSC27 Cable Cars RSC28 Bourke Street looking towards Elizabeth Street from Queen Street RSC29 Cable cars in Bourke Street at Elizabeth Street looking east RSC30 Cable cars in Elizabeth Street at the terminus at Flinders Street RSC31 Cable cars in Bourke Street at Swanston Street looking west RSC32 Cable cars in Swanston Street at Flinders Street looking north RSC33 Cable cars in Collins Street near Russell Street RSC34 Cable cars in Elizabeth Street at Bourke Street RSC35 Cable cars in Collins Street at Elizabeth Street RSC36 Cable Cars in Swanston Street at Flinders Street RSC37 Cable cars in Collins Street RSC38 Cable Cars RSC39 Cable cars in St Kilda Road near Princes Bridge RSC40 Cable cars in Collins Street east of Swanston Street RSC41 Cable cars in Spring Street outside Parliament House RSC42 K class No 92 in M&MTB Chocolate and cream livery but with a P&MTT Destination box on Route 14 RSC43 Thornbury Depot viewed from Miller Street and St Georges Road. Two W2 class cars are laying over between the peaks RSC44 Z3 No 201 in Met Livery passes D1 No 3510 in new M/Tram livery. A staff member in uniform stands in the doorway. Dandenong Road RSC45 D1 No 3530 advertising Heinekin Super Golf on Route 55 in Royal Park RSC46 D1 No 3504 in M/Tram livery on the reserved track in Matthews Avenue near Essendon Airport showing Route 81 Travancore. I suspect it is a private enthusiasts charter due to the Malvern W class run number in the rear windscreen RSC47 D1 No 3504 on Route 64 in Dandenong Road in M/Tram Livery RSC48 D1 No 3504 in M/Tram Livery at Airport West Terminus RSC49 D1 No 3504 in M Tram Livery in Union Road outside the Showgrounds RSC50 D1 No 3504 at West Maribyrnong Terminus in M/Tram Livery RSC51 D1 No 3503 in M/Tram Livery in Malvern Depot RSC52 SW6 No 960 and VR No 53 in Harbour Esplanade for the NMEL&T Co Centenary RSC53 Hawthorn Tramways Trust No 32 in Harbour Esplanade for the NMEL&T Co Centenary RSC54 VR 53 & B 2042 in Harbour Esplanade for the NMEL&T Co Centenary RSC55 VR 53 & C 3016 in Harbour Esplanade for the NMEL&T Co Centenary RSC56 NMEL&T Co No 13 (Formerly No 214) in Harbour Esplanade for the NMEL&T Co Centenary RSC57 NMEL&T Co 13 (formerly No 214) at Preston Workshops for the NMEL&T Co Centenary RSC58 Hawthorn Tramways Trust Lettering on HTT No 32 in Harbour Esplanade for the NMEL&T Co Centenary RSC59 Hawthorn Tramways Trust No 32 in Harbour Esplanade for the NMEL&T Co Centenary RSC60 Hawthorn Tramways Trust No 32 in Harbour Esplanade for the NMEL&T Co Centenary RSC61 Hawthorn Tramways Trust No 32 in Harbour Esplanade for the NMEL&T Co Centenary RSC62 NMEL&T Co No 13 (formerly No 214) at Preston Workshops for the NMEL&T Co Centenary RSC63 W2 516 and another on route 59 wait to shunt at Essendon Aerodrome Terminus as W2 571 on route 49 departs. This was the last day of operation. RSC64 Australia’s First Electric Tram at Box Hill with tramway men including H J Hilton who is in the centre RSC65 W2 484 en-route to St Kilda Junction and another wait for passengers after a race meeting at Caulfield Racecourse RSC66 X1 463 on the Footscray system en-route to Russell Street RSC67 Geelong 35 on Chilwell Route, Formerly HTT 13, M&MTB 119, then Bendigo 1 and Ballarat 37 RSC68 P&MTT No 4 on Opening Day of the system in Glenferrie Road RSC69 Bendigo No 6 in McCrae Street near the Depot en-route to North Bendigo RSC70 P&MTT No 4 in Glenferrie Road on opening day of the system RSC71 Scrubber No 3 stripped and awaiting scrapping at Preston Workshops RSC72 Scrubber No 4 at South Melbourne Depot RSC73 Q 191 & 139 at Preston Workshops awaiting scrapping RSC74 Rail Grinder No 3 at Preston Workshops as purchased from Sydney RSC75 Y 469 waits to shunt at Wattle Park Terminus as Y1 613 departs on driver training duties RSC76 VR 53 on the outside roads at Essendon Depot RSC77 W5 796 with three doors and square windows running out of Brunswick Depot in Cameron Street, with a supplementary destination board showing “City via Swanston St” RSC78 W2 258 on the wheel grinder road at Brunswick Depot RSC79 X2 676 on a TMSV tour, W5 817 & 836 & VR 53 on the open roads at Essendon Depot RSC80 PCC 1041 on test, passes W7 1035 in High Street Preston RSC81 D1 class production number 7 as delivered on test in Matthews Avenue RSC82 W2 383 on route 5 turning from the reserved track in Dandenong Road into St Kilda Road at St Kilda Junction RSC83 Z3 204 as advertising tram for Vodaphone Grand Prix running into Malvern Depot new shed RSC84 Z1 No 4 on test in St Georges Road RSC85 PCC 1041 on Route 96 in Bourke Street near Exhibition Street RSC86 Z1 No 3 without numbers on test turning from Miller Street in St Georges Road RSC87 Track components stored in Coldblo Road at Malvern Depot with Z class cars adjacent RSC88 D1 3501 in M/Tram Livery on Route 55 in Peel Street at Franklin Street RSC89 C 3001 in Yarra Trams Livery Porto No 018 & D1 3502 in M/Tram Livery on display in Harbourside Esplanade RSC90 D1 class tram production number 7, in as delivered condition on test in Matthews Avenue RSC91 D1 3503 inside Malvern Depot RSC92 SW6 955 and W6 974 in St Kilda Road at City Road at dusk. RSC93 Freight Car No 19 at Preston Workshops in green Livery RSC94 Rail Grinder No 3 in green Livery at South Melbourne Per Way Yard RSC95 A SW6 class car on route 50 shunting at Elizabeth Street Terminus at night, taken from Flinders Street Station RSC96 W2 588 & 435 in St Kilda Road at Batman Avenue RSC97 Y1 613 in service at Wattle Park Terminus RSC98 W2 588 in Wellington Parade en-route to the City with a Grand Final Load of passengers followed closely by No 384 RSC99 W2 558 on MCG Footy Special entering the Simpson Street siding RSC100 W3 657 & an L Class in the new shed at Malvern Depot RSC101 Y1 613 in St Kilda Road on an enthusiast's tour in St Kilda Road south of St Kilda Junction RSC102 Y1 613 on an enthusiast's tour in Clarendon Street with the two extra tracks on the Railways viaduct under construction RSC103 W6 976 on the fan of the new shed at Malvern Depot RSC104 W7 1024 as an advertising car for Bank of NSW at the route 1 terminus at South Melbourne Beach RSC105 PCC 980 on route 96 in Nicholson Street near North Fitzroy Depot RSC106 SW6 890 with dash canopy lighting in Market Street on the opening day of William Street Services RSC107 W2 444 with big numbers heads a line of footy specials in Simpson Street Siding RSC108 Cable Cars in Elizabeth Street RSC109 NMEL&T co No 2 with a trailer outside the power station in Mount Alexander Road RSC110 Alf Twentyman’s cable car set in his Northcote backyard RSC111 Cable Cars in Queens Parade Clifton Hill RSC112 Cable cars in Collins Street outside the Town Hall RSC113 PCC 1041 at Carnegie terminus RSC114 Cable cars in Elizabeth Street RSC115 Cable cars in Collins St near Swanston St RSC116 HTT 19 turns from Riversdale Road into Camberwell Road at Camberwell Junction RSC117 W1 419 official builders photo of first car of the class RSC118 Cable car with a full load of passengers RSC119 W1 422 illuminated for the visit of T.R.H. The Duke and Duchess of York RSC120 PCC 1041 in strife on it’s maiden day in service. Trams on route 88 delayed in Queens Parade Clifton Hill RSC121 Bendigo Birney car in Finn Street near North Bendigo terminus RSC122 SW6 in St Kilda Road at Domain Road at night RSC123 All 3 of Alf Twentyman’s cable cars in his Northcote backyard RSC124 Cable trailer 256 being unloaded into the shed at Bylands RSC125 Cable grip car 1 being removed from the Melbourne Museum RSC126 Alf Twentyman's cable cars in his Northcote Backyard RSC127 Alf Twentyman's cable cars in his Northcote Backyard RSC128 Alf Twentyman's cable cars in his Northcote Backyard RSC129 Alf Twentyman's cable cars in his Northcote Backyard RSC130 W class car in Swanston Street at Collins Street RSC131 Y1 469, L & W3 on the run out of Glenhuntly Depot on a tour RSC132 W7 1024 as an advertising tram for Bank of NSW at Clifton Hill RSC133 W2 496 on a footy special in Simpson Street Siding RSC134 W2 as originally converted to a test car at Preston Workshops RSC135 W3 667 in Brunswick Depot with Ellen Butland at the controls RSC136 W3 669 on its final run at Victoria Parade and Brunswick Street RSC137 W2 571 in Wellington Parade at Clarendon Street with a Footy Final load of Passengers RSC138 Y1 613 shunts at Spencer Street Terminus as X 217 waits on Australia Day Pageant RSC139 PCC 1041 on Route 96 in Bourke Street outside the Southern Cross Hotel RSC140 SW6 890 with accident damage on the outside roads at Preston Workshops, c1978 RSC141 W2 535 on Route 4 at the old St Kilda Junction, c1967 RSC142 PCC 1041 on Route 88 turns from Bourke Street into Spring Street, 1973 RSC143 L 102 on a tour at Albert Park Beach Terminus, Feb 1972 RSC144 W5 class Nos 833, 834 & 835 in Malvern Depot, c1976 RSC145 W2 No 281 in Wellington Parade on a football very crowded special c1974 RSC146 X1 No 464 Ballarat Road 1960 RSC147 T No 181 bound for the Explosives Factory - at Footscray Station - July 1960 RSC148 T No 181 at Williamstown Road, 1960 RSC149 Cable car set in Alf Twentyman’s back yard, c1970 RSC150 X No 217 at Malvern Depot, c1970 RSC151 X1 No 465 and T No181 Footscray Football ground in Barkly Street. c1960 RSC152 Scrubber No 5 at South Melbourne Depot, c1960 RSC153 X1 No 465 Footscray to Russell Street, c1960 RSC154 X1 No 467 Leeds Street Footscray, 1960 RSC155 PMTT No 4 Glenferrie Road, 1910 RSC156 S No 164 at Malvern Depot c1970 RSC157 T No 178 Footscray c1960 RSC158 Cleaner No. 7 at South Melbourne Depot c1960 RSC159 Two Y classes at Princes Bridge and Batman Avenue mid 1950s RSC160 Swanston Street – Nu color vue slide – M142 Demonstrates the work of Ron Scholten in photography, collection and/or production of duplicate slidesAssembled album in a black presentation folder of 160 colour slides, 8 slide sleeves, collected or produced by Ron Scholten. Many are TMSV or Windsor Publications slides. All photographs have been scanned and placed on the Museum's G drive. A list of all photographs with details has been compiled. melbourne, tramways, trams, cable trams, horse tram, route 67, route 88, route 55, route 64, route 59, route 49, route 50, point ormond, royal park, swanston st, footscray, essendon depot, matthews ave, brunswick depot, glenhuntly depot, malvern depot, st.georges road, preston workshops, pcc class, vr class, w2 class, w3 class, l class, s class, x class, x1 class, k class, z3 class, d1 class, sw6 class, w6 class, w7 class, t class, b1 class, c class, q class, y class, y1 class, w5 class, z1 class, tram 465, tram 181, tram 217, tram 467, tram 164, tram 102, tram 669, tram 667, tram 976, tram 890, tram 558, tram 657, tram 571, tram 484, tram 535, flinders st, tram 980, tram 1041, tram 482, tram 64, tram 104, tram 1, tram 466, tram 680, tram 676, tram 955, tram 92, tram 201, tram 3510, tram 3530, tram 3504, tram 3503, tram 53, tram 588, tram 383, tram 960, tram 32, tram 2042, tram 3016, tram 516, tram 43, tram 463, tram 191, tram 139, tram 469, tram 613, tram 796, tram 258, tram 384

This artifact is a sample of small caliber lead shot recovered by Flagstaff Hill divers from the wreck of the Loch Ard in 1975. Included in her diverse and valuable cargo were 22 tons of lead shot, packed in cloth bags and wooden casks. Bulk quantities of lead shot, uniformly round balls of dull grey metal ranging from 2mm “birdshot” to 8mm “buckshot”, were routinely exported to the Australian colonies. Shot was used mostly as projectiles fired from smooth bored guns to bring down moving targets such as wild ducks and small game. It was also useful as ballast, when a dense, “pourable” weight was required to fill cavities or establish volume within a measuring container. The production of consistently round spheres of lead shot required the pouring of molten metal through a sieve and then a long drop through the atmosphere to a water filled basin for final cooling and collection. This “shot tower” process was first patented by William Watts of Bristol in 1782. His calculation of a 150 feet fall was not only to form evenly spherical droplets through surface tension, but also to provide partial cooling and solidification to each shot before they hit the water below. The value of his innovation was the minimising of indentation and shape distortion, avoiding the expense of re-smelting and re-moulding the lead. Lead shot was already being produced in Australia at the time the Loch Ard sinking in March 1878. James Moir had constructed a 157 feet circular stone shot tower near Hobart in 1870, with a peak annual production of 100 tons of lead shot sold in 28 pound linen bags. However colonial demand exceeded this source of local supply. The continued strength of the market for lead shot in the Colony of Victoria prompted substantial investment in additional productive capacity in Melbourne in the next decade. In 1882 Richard Hodgson erected the 160 feet round chimney-shaped Clifton Hill shot tower on Alexandra Parade (VHR H0709) and in 1889 Walter Coop built the 160 feet square tower-shaped Melbourne Central shot tower on La Trobe Street (VHR H0067). At its peak, the Coop Tower produced 6 tons of lead shot per week, or 312 tons per annum. History of the Loch Ard: The Loch Ard got its name from "Loch Ard" a loch that lies to the west of Aberfoyle, and the east of Loch Lomond. It means "high lake" in Scottish Gaelic. The vessel belonged to the famous Loch Line which sailed many vessels from England to Australia. The Loch Ard was built in Glasgow by Barclay, Curle & Co. in 1873, the vessel was a three-masted square-rigged iron sailing ship that measured 79.87 meters in length, 11.58 m in width, and 7 m in depth with a gross tonnage of 1693 tons with a mainmast that measured a massive 45.7 m in height. Loch Ard made three trips to Australia and one trip to Calcutta before its fateful voyage. Loch Ard left England on March 2, 1878, under the command of 29-year-old Captain Gibbs, who was newly married. The ship was bound for Melbourne with a crew of 37, plus 17 passengers. The general cargo reflected the affluence of Melbourne at the time. Onboard were straw hats, umbrellas, perfumes, clay pipes, pianos, clocks, confectionery, linen, and candles, as well as a heavier load of railway irons, cement, lead, and copper. There were other items included that were intended for display in the Melbourne International Exhibition of 1880. The voyage to Port Phillip was long but uneventful. Then at 3 am on June 1, 1878, Captain Gibbs was expecting to see land. But the Loch Ard was running into a fog which greatly reduced visibility. Captain Gibbs was becoming anxious as there was no sign of land or the Cape Otway lighthouse. At 4 am the fog lifted and a lookout aloft announced that he could see breakers. The sheer cliffs of Victoria's west coast came into view, and Captain Gibbs realised that the ship was much closer to them than expected. He ordered as much sail to be set as time would permit and then attempted to steer the vessel out to sea. On coming head-on into the wind, the ship lost momentum, the sails fell limp and Loch Ard's bow swung back towards land. Gibbs then ordered the anchors to be released in an attempt to hold their position. The anchors sank some 50 fathoms - but did not hold. By this time the ship was among the breakers and the tall cliffs of Mutton Bird Island rose behind. Just half a mile from the coast, the ship's bow was suddenly pulled around by the anchor. The captain tried to tack out to sea, but the ship struck a reef at the base of Mutton Bird Island, near Port Campbell. Waves subsequently broke over the ship and the top deck became loosened from the hull. The masts and rigging came crashing down knocking passengers and crew overboard. When a lifeboat was finally launched, it crashed into the side of Loch Ard and capsized. Tom Pearce, who had launched the boat, managed to cling to its overturned hull and shelter beneath it. He drifted out to sea and then on the flood tide came into what is now known as Lochard Gorge. He swam to shore, bruised and dazed, and found a cave in which to shelter. Some of the crew stayed below deck to shelter from the falling rigging but drowned when the ship slipped off the reef into deeper water. Eva Carmichael a passenger had raced onto the deck to find out what was happening only to be confronted by towering cliffs looming above the stricken ship. In all the chaos, Captain Gibbs grabbed Eva and said, "If you are saved Eva, let my dear wife know that I died like a sailor". That was the last Eva Carmichael saw of the captain. She was swept off the ship by a huge wave. Eva saw Tom Pearce on a small rocky beach and yelled to attract his attention. He dived in and swam to the exhausted woman and dragged her to shore. He took her to the cave and broke the open case of brandy that had washed up on the beach. He opened a bottle to revive the unconscious woman. A few hours later Tom scaled a cliff in search of help. He followed hoof prints and came by chance upon two men from nearby Glenample Station three and a half miles away. In a complete state of exhaustion, he told the men of the tragedy. Tom then returned to the gorge while the two men rode back to the station to get help. By the time they reached Loch Ard Gorge, it was cold and dark. The two shipwreck survivors were taken to Glenample Station to recover. Eva stayed at the station for six weeks before returning to Ireland by steamship. In Melbourne, Tom Pearce received a hero's welcome. He was presented with the first gold medal of the Royal Humane Society of Victoria and a £1000 cheque from the Victorian Government. Concerts were performed to honour the young man's bravery and to raise money for those who lost families in the disaster. Of the 54 crew members and passengers on board, only two survived: the apprentice, Tom Pearce, and the young woman passenger, Eva Carmichael, who lost her family in the tragedy. Ten days after the Lochard tragedy, salvage rights to the wreck were sold at auction for £2,120. Cargo valued at £3,000 was salvaged and placed on the beach, but most washed back into the sea when another storm developed. The wreck of Lochard still lies at the base of Mutton Bird Island. Much of the cargo has now been salvaged and some items were washed up into Lochard Gorge. Cargo and artifacts have also been illegally salvaged over many years before protective legislation was introduced in March 1982. One of the most unlikely pieces of cargo to have survived the shipwreck was a Minton majolica peacock- one of only nine in the world. The peacock was destined for the Melbourne 1880 International Exhibition. It had been well packed, which gave it adequate protection during the violent storm. Today the Minton peacock can be seen at the Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum in Warrnambool. From Australia's most dramatic shipwreck it has now become Australia's most valuable shipwreck artifact and is one of very few 'objects' on the Victorian State Heritage Register.The shipwreck of the Loch Ard is of significance for Victoria and is registered on the Victorian Heritage Register ( S 417). Flagstaff Hill has a varied collection of artifacts from Loch Ard and its collection is significant for being one of the largest accumulation of artifacts from this notable Victorian shipwreck of which the subject items are a small part. The collection's objects give us a snapshot of how we can interpret the story of this tragic event. The collection is also archaeologically significant as it represents aspects of Victoria's shipping history that allows us to interpret Victoria's social and historical themes of the time. Through is associated with the worst and best-known shipwreck in Victoria's history.Lead shot; a group of mixed -sized lead shot. Small 2mm shot is embedded in a sea sediment clump of concretion. Also in the group are also 5 single 2mm shot and 4 single 4mm shot that are clean and free of sediment. The shot was recovered from the wreck of the Loch Ard.Nonewarrnambool, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime village, flagstaff hill maritime museum, shipwreck artefact, lead shot, loch ard, colonial industry, melbourne shot towers, victorian metallurgy, colonial imports

Johann August (John) Kruse was instrumental in the development of the pharmaceutical industry and pharmacy training in Victoria. He was a driving force behind the creation of the Pharmaceutical Society of Victoria and was appointed a founding member of the Society's inaugural council in 1857. He manufactured many pharmaceuticals and health products such as mineral waters and 'Kruse's Fluid Magnesia' (1863) which is still in use today. He later went on to produce insecticides and dynamite, then established his own analytical chemistry service. In 1878 Kruse established Victoria's first pharmacy training facility - the Melbourne School of Pharmacy. There pharmacy apprentices were taught chemistry, botany, materia medica and Latin, while country students could study by correspondence. The School was endorsed and monitored by the Pharmacy Board of Victoria to which Kruse was appointed in 1880. Kruse's pharmacy school was the forerunner of the Victorian College of Pharmacy, Monash University, which remains Victoria's only pharmacy training institute. In 1853, shortly after qualifying as pharmacist at the University of Göttingen, Johann August (John) Kruse, moved to London. The medical practitioner Dr S. Weil sent Kruse to Victoria, Australia to manage a new pharmacy and tobacconist's shop which he was having built at 136 Bridge Rd in Richmond. In 1856 Kruse opened a second pharmacy 'John Kruse and Company Chemists and Druggists' at 207 Bourke Street. 1857 the Richmond shop was destroyed by fire, so all pharmaceutical production was moved to the Bourke St premises and later to his new location at 184 Bourke St.. Kruse was forced to sell his business in 1868 to Felton Grimwade and Company and work for them as manager of their chemical works. By the early 1870s he had regained financial independence so left the company to establish his own businesses again. He opened up a pharmacy at 31 Swanston St and in c1874 leased Victoria's premier natural springs, Clifton Springs, on the northern side of the Bellarine Peninsula, where he established a bottling plant. Suspensions of magnesium hydroxide in water, often called Milk of Magnesia, are used as an antacid to neutralize stomach acid, and as a laxative. Milk of magnesia is sold for medical use as chewable tablets, capsules, and as liquids having various added flavours Kruses Fluid Magnesia 300ml Extralife Kruse’s Fluid Magnesia, Magnesium supplement. Rapidly absorbed, easily digested. Improves general well being, corrects magnesium deficiency. Helps relieve indigestion, when due to acidity. In 1878 Kruse established Victoria's first pharmacy training facility - the Melbourne School of Pharmacy, the forerunner of the Victorian College of Pharmacy, Monash University, which remains Victoria's only pharmacy training institute. A glass bottle containing ‘Kruse’s’ Magnesia’ medicineKRUSE’S / PRIZE MEDAL / MAGNESIA/ K / FELTON-GRIMWADE & CO. MELBOURNE Directions for use ......glass works, pharmaceutical glass, pharmacy, kruse johann august (john), dr weil s, ., victorian college of pharmacy, monash university, university of göttingen, felton grimwade and company, magnesium bicarbonate, magnesium oxide

August Rietmann (1877-1951) of Lustdorf ,Switzerland, married Maria Frieda Oesschlager (2/21878- 22/7/1942) of Baden Baden, Germany on 6/8/1910 In 1915 August and his wife Frieda migrated to Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. They leased Box Cottage, Ormond in 1917 and raised two children, Stefanie (1918 -2006) and William (1920- 1997). 1935 August purchased the property and the family used the Cottage during the day and slept in the Front House. August was a monumental mason, potter and sculptor, and was employed at Corbens Ltd Clifton Hill, to carve war memorials in Victoria post WW1 c 1915-1922. During the 1920's August set up his own business in pressed cement making pot plants, columns,paving slabs and lampstands. He continued to carve headstones and figures and took contract work for Artists eg Paul Mountford. He built a workshop in the Barn and used the Cottage for plaster moulding. His son William joined the business and and the family continued to use the site after August died in 1951. Rietman's Landscaping Ltd moved to Bay Road Highett in 1953 and later to Carrum. The land, containing the Box Cottage, was sold to Lewis Timber Pty Ltd in 1970 and Mr Lewis proposed that Moorabbin City Council should preserve the heritage Cottage. In 1984 the Cottage was dismantled and reconstructed in the adjacent Joyce Park.The Rietman family is an example of the diverse nationalities that lived and worked productively in Moorabbin Shire 1871–1933 , the City of Moorabbin 1934-1994 and continues today in the Cities of Glen Eira, Kingston, Bayside, and Monash. August, a sculptor and stone mason, was employed by Corben Pty Ltd Clifton Hill to carve WW1 Memorials before establishing his own successful masonry business in the Box Cottage during the latter 1920s. After becoming interested in pressed cement casting, he took on apprentices (1930s Depression) and among his products were garden furniture, pots and also street lamp standards, some of which were installed in St Kilda Road. After August’s death in 1951, his family continued the business ‘Rietman’s Landscaping Ltd.’, at Highett and Carrum.a) Photograph Black & White August & Frieda Rietmann Wedding 6/8/1910 in Baden Baden ; b) Passport Photograph August Rietmann 1915; c) Photograph Frieda Rietmann 1915; d) Document Wedding Certificate August & Frieda Rietmann Baden Baden 1910a) b) c) Handwritten information d) Official Document in Germanrietmann august, rietman august, rietmann frieda, rietman frieda, stonnington city town hall, war memorials, world war 1 1914-1918, rietman stefanie, rennick stefanie, francis stefanie, rietman william, rietman ray, mountford paul, malvern city town hall,box cottage museum ormond, box william, box elizabeth, joyce park ormond, rietman's landscaping pty ltd, bay road highett, macrobertson pty ltd, coleraine soldier memorial 1921,

August Rietmann (1877-1951) of Lustdorf ,Switzerland, married Maria Frieda Oesschlager (2/21878- 22/7/1942) of Baden Baden, Germany on 6/8/1910 In 1915 August and his wife Frieda migrated to Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. They leased Box Cottage, Ormond in 1917 and raised two children, Stefanie (1918 -2006) and William (1920- 1997). 1935 August purchased the property and the family used the Cottage during the day and slept in the Front House. August was a monumental mason, potter and sculptor, and was employed at Corbens Ltd Clifton Hill, to carve war memorials in Victoria post WW1 c 1915-1922. During the 1920's August set up his own business in pressed cement making pot plants, columns,paving slabs and lampstands. He continued to carve headstones and figures and took contract work for Artists eg Paul Mountford. He built a workshop in the Barn and used the Cottage for plaster moulding. His son William joined the business and and the family continued to use the site after August died in 1951. Rietmann Landscaping Ltd moved to Bay Road Highett in 1953 and later to Carrum. The land, containing the Box Cottage, was sold to Lewis Timber Pty Ltd in 1970 and Mr Lewis proposed that Moorabbin City Council should preserve the heritage Cottage. In 1984 the Cottage was dismantled and reconstructed in the adjacent Joyce Park. The Rietman family is an example of the diverse nationalities that lived and worked productively in Moorabbin Shire 1871–1933 , the City of Moorabbin 1934-1994 and continues today in the Cities of Glen Eira, Kingston, Bayside, and Monash. August, a sculptor and stone mason, was employed by Corben Pty Ltd Clifton Hill to carve WW1 Memorials before establishing his own successful masonry business in the Box Cottage during the latter 1920s. After becoming interested in pressed cement casting, he took on apprentices (1930s Depression) and among his products were garden furniture, pots and also street lamp standards, some of which were installed in St Kilda Road. After August’s death in 1951, his family continued the business ‘Rietman’s Landscaping Ltd.’, at Highett and Carrum.Documents a) Census 1914 Household Register Lustdorf, Switzerland; b) Census 1915 Household Register Lustdorf, Switzerland; c) Swiss Confederation Citizen ship I.D Pass Frieda Rietman 4/8/1915;Printed Government Documents in Swiss Language lustdorf switzerland, rietmann august, rietman august, rietmann frieda, rietman frieda, stonnington city town hall, war memorials, world war 1 1914-1918, rietman stefanie, rennick stefanie, francis stefanie, rietman william, rietman ray, mountford paul, malvern city town hall,box cottage museum ormond, box william, box elizabeth, joyce park ormond, rietman's landscaping pty ltd, bay road highett, macrobertson pty ltd, coleraine soldier memorial 1921,, box cottage museum ormond

August Rietmann (1877-1951) of Lustdorf ,Switzerland, married Maria Frieda Oesschlager (2/21878- 22/7/1942) of Baden Baden, Germany on 6/8/1910 In August 8th 1915 August and his wife Frieda migrated to Melbourne, Victoria, Australia sailing on the Steam Ship ‘Osterley’ from Marseilles to Melbourne They leased Box Cottage, Ormond in 1917 and raised two children, Stefanie (1918 -2006) and William (1920- 1997). 1935 August purchased the property and the family used the Cottage during the day and slept in the Front House. August was a monumental mason, potter and sculptor, and was employed at Corbens Ltd Clifton Hill, to carve war memorials in Victoria post WW1 c 1915-1922. During the 1920's August set up his own business in pressed cement making pot plants, columns,paving slabs and lampstands. He continued to carve headstones and figures and took contract work for Artists eg Paul Mountford. He built a workshop in the Barn and used the Cottage for plaster moulding. His son William joined the business and and the family continued to use the site after August died in 1951. Rietmann Landscaping Ltd moved to Bay Road Highett in 1953 and later to Carrum. The land, containing the Box Cottage, was sold to Lewis Timber Pty Ltd in 1970 and Mr Lewis proposed that Moorabbin City Council should preserve the heritage Cottage. In 1984 the Cottage was dismantled and reconstructed in the adjacent Joyce Park. 'Osterley' SS of the Orient Line, 12,129 tons, was a Royal Mail Steam- Ship sailing to and from Australia c1915The Rietman family is an example of the diverse nationalities that lived and worked productively in Moorabbin Shire 1871–1933 , the City of Moorabbin 1934-1994 and continues today in the Cities of Glen Eira, Kingston, Bayside, and Monash. August, a sculptor and stone mason, was employed by Corben Pty Ltd Clifton Hill to carve WW1 Memorials before establishing his own successful masonry business in the Box Cottage during the latter 1920s. After becoming interested in pressed cement casting, he took on apprentices (1930s Depression) and among his products were garden furniture, pots and also street lamp standards, some of which were installed in St Kilda Road. After August’s death in 1951, his family continued the business ‘Rietman’s Landscaping Ltd.’, at Highett and Carrum.Printed Documents a) Mr A Rietmann Receipt from Immigration Department of New South Wales Australia; b) Original Ticket Orient Line Ship 'Osterley' Marseilles to Melbourne 1915 c) Photograph colour of 'Osterley' Steam Shipa) No. 4407 MELBOURNE PLACE, THE STRAND W.C. /London July 12 1915/ Received from Mr Rietmann Fourteen Pounds for passage Money to Melbourne b) ORIENT LINE/ ROYAL MAIL STEAM-SHIPS TO AUSTRALIA/ ............THIRD CLASS PASSENGER CONTRACT TICKET..............OSTERLEY ... to take in passengers of the Port of Marseilles for ..........MELBOURNE............on the Eighth day of August 1915 ..........Mr August Rietmann .......................£15:4 : - to be paid before embarkation c) Osterly Steam ship en route to Melbourneport of marseilles france, melbourne australia, orient steam ship line, osterley steam ship,rietmann august, rietman august, rietmann frieda, rietman frieda, stonnington city town hall, war memorials, world war 1 1914-1918, rietman stefanie, rennick stefanie, francis stefanie, rietman william, rietman ray, mountford paul, malvern city town hall,box cottage museum ormond, box william, box elizabeth, joyce park ormond, rietman's landscaping pty ltd, bay road highett, macrobertson pty ltd, coleraine soldier memorial 1921,

Stefanie and William Rietman were the children of August and Frieda Rietmann. Stefanie became a school teacher and designed and made resin jewellery, Later she established a Native grass garden in Joyce park, Ormond, William joined August's business and after his death continued the development of Rietman's Landscaping and pottery firm . His son Ray also continued the family business in Bay Road Highett and the Carrum. August Rietman 1877-1951 and his wife Frieda 1878-1942 leased the Cottage in 1917 and raised 2 children Stefanie 1918-2006, and William 1920– 1997. August was a Monumental Mason / Potter / Sculptor and he was employed at Corbens Ltd Clifton Hill, to make the War Memorials for many towns post WW1. August purchased the property 1935,and established a pressed concrete business using the cottage as a workshop and storeroom After August died in 1951, William, his son, continued to work in the business from the site until the land was sold to Lewis Co. Ltd Timber Merchants in 1970. Rietman's Landscaping Ltd moved to Bay Road Highett 1953 and later to Carrum. The Rietman family is an example of the diverse nationalities that lived and worked productively in Moorabbin Shire 1871–1933 , the City of Moorabbin 1934-1994 and continues today in the Cities of Glen Eira, Kingston, Bayside, and Monash. August, a sculptor and stone mason, was employed by Corben Pty Ltd Clifton Hill to carve WW1 Memorials before establishing his own successful masonry business in the Box Cottage during the latter 1920s. After becoming interested in pressed cement casting, he took on apprentices (1930s Depression) and among his products were garden furniture, pots and also street lamp standards, some of which were installed in St Kilda Road. After August’s death in 1951, his family continued the business ‘Rietman’s Landscaping Ltd.’, at Highett and Carrum.Photographs x 2 Black & White, of Stefanie Amilie Rietman, and William Henry Rietman c 1920 at Ormond AustraliaHand written namesrietmann august, rietman august, rietmann frieda, rietman frieda, stonnington city town hall, war memorials, world war 1 1914-1918, rietman stefanie, rennick stefanie, francis stefanie, rietman william, rietman ray, mountford paul, malvern city town hall, box cottage museum ormond, box william, box elizabeth, joyce park ormond, rietman's landscaping pty ltd, bay road highett, macrobertson pty ltd, coleraine soldier memorial 1921, resin jewellery, australian native grasses, schools, education, craftwork, pottery, ceramics, ormond state school