A Gramophone / Phonogram is a device for the mechanical recording and reproduction of sound. The phonograph was invented in 1877 by Thomas Edison. in USA and Alexander Graham Bell's Volta Laboratory made several improvements in the 1880s and introduced the graphophone, This Edison was donated to CMHs by the family of John Box 1841-1913This gramophone belonged to John Box 1841-1913 an early settler in the area of Henry Dendy's Special Survey Brighton 1841A wooden cabinet with a lift up lid enclosing a turntable , record , trumpet and handle . This cabinet stands on another storage cabinet with shelf and doorEDISONmanufactured objects, music, musical records, long playing records, gramophone, phonogram, wireless, edison thomas, edison pty ltd, electric lights;

Each record has a number and the title of the piece. The artists' names are also mentioned and the length of time it plays. The "record should run 160 revolutions per minute - not faster or slower". .1) Blue Amberol No. 1868 - "Lasca" - F Deprez / Edgar Davenport .2) Amberol No. 999 - "Peggy Gray" - Thurland Chatterway .3) Blue Amberol No.1819 - "Just a Wee Deoch and Doris" - Harry Lauder .4) Blue Amberol No. 12206 - "Killarney" - Violet Oppenshaw. (There is no lid for this record.) .5) Amberol No. 863 - "Winter" / "March Song" - Billy Murray and Chorus .6) Amberol No. 12347 - "By the Sea" - Stanley Kirkby 6 Record cylinders, each in a cardboard cylindrical case.Title of record with its number on the lid of the case. Title stamped on the end face of cylinder. Detailed Copyright information - 1900 by the National Phonograph Co., Orange, New Jersey, U.S.A.amberol, thomas edison, cylinder records, national phonograph company, blue amberol

? Thomas Edison Cylinder rolls . Thomas A Edison Amberola Mark 30 Gramophone. 7396.1gramophone, edison, cylinder rolls

This external horn is part of an Edison Fireside Phonograph made in c.1909. The horn was attached to the machine when in use. The rings on the side of the horn allowed the horn to be suspended above the machine. The narrow opening on the horn was attached to the sound outlet on the machine and the conical shape of the horn amplified the sound. The horn was suspended to allow a clear sound. This was done by attaching the ring fitted to the outside of the horn to a chain or chord, which in turn was attached to a curved wire fitted to the phonograph machine. The phonograph machine was invented by Thomas Alva Edison in the late 19th century. Edison adapted the idea used when sending messages over a telegraph machine. He patented the phonograph in early 1878. The phonograph was able to record sound and play it back sound. This amazing invention opened up a whole new world of entertainments, where wax cylinders of pre-recorded sound could be purchased with a wide variety of music and played over and over. The first wax cylinders were white and used a combination of bees' wax and animal fax or tallow. By 1892 Edison was using 'brown wax' cylinders that ranged from cream through to dark brown. The Edison Phonograph Company was formed in 1887 to produce these machines. He sold the company in 1855 to the North American Phonograph Company but bought that company in 1890. He started the Edison Spring Motor factory in 1895 and then the National Phonograph Company in 1896. In 1910 the company became Thomas A. Edison Inc. In 1898 Edison produced the Edison Standard Phonograph, the first phonograph to carry his own trade mark. He began mass producing duplicate copies of his wax cylinders in 1901 using moulds instead of engraving the cylinders. The wax was black and harder than the brown wax. The ends of the cylinders were bevelled so that the title's label could be added. The last phonograph machine to use an external horn was produced in 1912 due to the much more robust records being invented. In 1913 Edison started producing the Edison Disc Phonograph. The company stopped trading in 1929. [NOTE: a phonograph machine plays cylinders, a gramophone plays records]This Edison external phonograph horn is significant for its connection to the c.1909 Edison Fireside phonograph model. The phonograph machine brought a new era of music into the homes of everyday people but was only popular for a few decades due to the growing popularity of records, which gave a much higher quality sound and were more robust.Phonograph horn; open horn, a conical shape with the lower part flaring out. The horn's shape on the opening half is octagonal, made from eight joined sheets of metal with a scalloped finish at the opening. The narrow end is hollow and ready to fit onto a phonograph outlet. There are two rings attached together on the side of the horn, perhaps for storing on a hook. The inner surface of the horn has remnants of deep red paint. This horn is from the Edison Fireside phonograph. (There is a mark on the outside of the horn where the Edison brand would be)flagstaff hill, maritime museum, maritime village, warrnambool, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, gramophone, phonograph, music player, entertainment, audio equipment, edison, thomas a edison, horn, phonograph horn, amplifier, audio, sound recording, sound playback, phonograph machine, external horn, edison phonograph company, wax cylinders, edison spring motor factory, national phonograph company, thomas a. edison inc, phonographic cylinder, sound reproduction

The Edison Fireside Phonograph Combination Type A model phonograph was an open horn model. This machine was produced around 1909, just after the introduction of 4-minute record cylinders in 1908.; the selection lever on the front was either 4 or 2-minute choice. This Fireside model has a fluted octagonal horn that attaches to the reproducer on the machine and is suspended by on ring by a horn crane attachment. The phonograph machine is powered purely by mechanical means, winding the crank handle on the side of the machine to start the belt-driven, spring-loaded motor inside. The sound comes from a pre-recorded, vertical cut record cylinder, which slides over the Mandle, a smooth rotating drum. The reproducer, an all-in-one needle, amplifier and speaker, is lowered onto the cylinder, the needle picks up the sound and plays it on the speaker and the attached horn amplifies the sound. The phonograph machine was invented by Thomas Alva Edison in the late 19th century. Edison adopted the idea from the technology of the telegraph machine. He patented the phonograph in early 1878. It was able to record sound and play it back. This amazing invention opened up a whole new world of entertainment, where wax cylinders of pre-recorded sound could be purchased with a wide variety of music and played over and over. The first wax cylinders were white and used a combination of bees' wax and animal fax or tallow. By 1892 Edison was using 'brown wax' cylinders that ranged from cream through to dark brown. The Edison Phonograph Company was formed in 1887 to produce these machines. He sold the company in 1855 to the North American Phonograph Company but bought that company in 1890. He then started the Edison Spring Motor factory in 1895, and the National Phonograph Company in 1896. In 1910 the company became Thomas A. Edison Inc. In 1898 Edison produced the Edison Standard Phonograph, the first phonograph to carry his own trade mark. He began mass producing duplicate copies of his wax cylinders in 1901 using moulds instead of engraving the cylinders. The wax was black and harder than the brown wax. The ends of the cylinders were bevelled so that the title's label could be added. The last phonograph machine to use an external open horn was produced in 1912 due to the much more robust round records being invented. In 1913 Edison started producing the Edison Disc Phonograph. The company stopped trading in 1929.This Edison Fireside Phonograph model is significant for being one of the last models to have an external horn. It is also significant for its connection with the invention of the phonograph, which made music and sound available for domestic enjoyment. It was used for entertainment and education, even teaching languages. It signalled a new era of music that could be reproduced and played anywhere. It is also significant for its short time span of popularity, just a few decades, due to the growing use of records, which gave a much higher quality sound and were more robust.Phonograph; Edison Fireside Phonograph, Combination Type, Model A. It is in a wooden case with a domed lid, metal catches on each side and a folding wooden handle. It has a metal drum and a reproducer mechanism. The metal and wood crank handle starts the machine’s motor. A sliding lever at the front selects the speed for four- or two-minute cylinders. The inscribed plate has the maker, serial number, patents and other information. The reproducer also has an inscription. It has a curved metal open horn attachment. Made in Orange, New Jersey in c.1909. NOTE: the fluted octagonal horn is catalogued separately.Case front, in script, Edison’s early ‘banner’ decal “Edison” On the front of the machine “Thomas A Edison TRADE MARK” On the maker’s plate; "Edison Fireside Phonograph Combination Type" Serial number “14718” Around sound outlet; “C 4076” “REPRODUCER LICENCED FOR USE ONLY ON EDISON PHOTOGRAPHS SOLD BYT.A. EDISON INC.” At the front edge “4 MINUTES 2flagstaff hill, maritime museum, maritime village, warrnambool, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, gramophone, phonograph, music player, entertainment, audio equipment, edison, thomas a edison, horn, phonograph horn, amplifier, audio, sound recording, sound playback, phonograph machine, phonograph cylinder, external horn, edison phonograph company, wax cylinders, sound reproduction, edison spring motor factory, national phonograph company, thomas a. edison inc, crank-operated motor, open horn phonograph, 4 speed, 2 speed

c1881 Henry W Seely, of New Jersey, USA, designed and patented an electric sad iron for pressing and smoothing material. He continued to modify and improve his designs, with his partner Richard Dyer, and other electrical appliance firms, e.g Hotpoint, began producing these flat irons that could provide continuous heat by connecting via an electrical flex to a light socket and hence without the need for hot fires, ash, or burning hot handles. Women with access to an electricity supply were delighted and their ironing chore became much less arduous No heat was felt at all from the iron as it is all concentrated on the bottom surface. By the early 20th century enthusiasm was building for the new electric smoothing irons: clean, powerful, adjustable, and labour-saving. This c1935 Premier System 'Smoothwell' flat iron was used by a resident of City of Moorabbin and is an example of the progress made from the sad irons used by the pioneers that are displayed beside it.A "Premier Smoothwell" electric flat iron with switched control lead and original box, c 1935 On plate of handle attached to Iron ' HARRODS Ltd. / LONDON On attached plate at rear of iron ' The "SMOOTHWELL" / "Premier System" /......... Plate on cord Plug " PREMIER/ FLAT IRON CONNECTOR/ THIS SIDE OUTWARDS/ (2 columns) 1) FOR 100-125 VOLTS/ USE THREE TERMINALS/ THUS ..... 2) FOR 200 - 240 VOLTS/ USE TWO RIGHT/ HAND TERMINALS/ ONLY/ THUS......seely henry w., sad irons, electric flat irons, dyer richard, edison thomas, hotpoint pty ltd., premier electric company birmingham england, pioneers, early settlers, moorabbin, bentleigh, cheltenham, laundry, sewing, craftwork, table ware, irons

The phonograph is a mechanical device for the recording and reproduction of sound and originally used a tinfoil sheet wrapped around a rotating cylinder to produce the sound. It was invented by Thomas Edison of U.S.A. in 1877 and was the model for all phonographs or gramophones made and developed throughout the 20th century. This machine is of particular interest to the Warrnambool and District Historical Society as it is an Edison phonograph and an earlier model of this phonograph was used in Warrnambool late in the 19th century to make an important recording. In 1896 Thomas Rome, an employee in a Warrnambool boot and shoe shop, purchased an Edison phonograph that could both play and record sounds. At the Warrnambool Industrial and Art Exhibition of 1896-7 visitors to the Exhibition paid a fee to listen to music on this phonograph. But Rome also recorded some local Warrnambool people singing and speaking and these recordings survive today. They are regarded as the oldest surviving recordings made in Australia. Thomas Rome later became a shoe shop proprietor in Warrnambool and was a well-known person in the town/city for a great number of years. This is an Edison Gem Phonograph. It has a black-painted wooden base, now detached from the main mechanism. The phonograph is made of metal which is now heavily rusted. It has a cylindrical turntable for playing the Edison cylindrical records and a handle with a wooden knob. The turning mechanism and belt are now broken. The name of the manufacturer and details of the patents are on a metal plate attached to the side of the phonograph. The amplifier mechanism at the top of the machine is missing. The cover of the machine is made of wood and has a wooden handle attached with a piece of metal and two metal screws. There are also two metal screws on the side of the cover. The cover has a slot on the side to allow the turning handle to be accommodated outside of the cover. The cover is much stained and spotted. ‘Edison Gem Phonograph’ thomas edison, history of sound recordings, thomas rome (warrnambool)

Musical number recorded on plastic "Edison" cylinder. 'Blue Amberol Records' was the trademark name for cylinder records manufactured by Thomas A. Edison, Inc. in the US from 1912 to 1929.Plastic gramophone cylinder in blue and gold cardboard caseElizabeth Spencer and Irving Gillette. Edison Blue Amberol Record 1552gramophone cylinder, thomas edison, blue amberol records

Cylinder with surface layers of celluloid, tinted blue colour. Top of cylinder has 'Thomas A Edison' / PAT' D3 / 23282 / LITTLE GREY HOME IN THE WEST / H. MACKLIN. Packaging cylinder of cardboard with blue printing on orange background. Sticker on base - The Copyright Protection Society Mechanical Rights Ltd / ld FORM 3509 FEB. 1917.EDISON / BLUE AMBEROL RECORD / Thomas A. Edison FORM 3509 FEB. 1917.thomas edison, music, copyright, cylinder record, hughes macklin

Thomas Edison was one of the world’s most prolific inventors, holding over 2,000 different patents. One of his earliest inventions was the phonograph. The Edison Phonograph Company was formed on October 8, 1887, to market Edison's machine. The original machine went through many modifications. The Patent information on this machine indicates that it was manufactured after May 1906. Sound was recorded on wax cylinders. Edison cylinders were the earliest commercial medium for recording and reproducing sound. These hollow cylindrical objects have an audio recording engraved on the outside surface which can be reproduced when they are played on a mechanical cylinder phonograph Beginning in 1889, pre-recorded wax cylinders were marketed. They featured professionally made recordings of songs, instrumental music or humorous monologues in their grooves. The earliest cylinders were made from soft wax and later hard wax was utilised. Further developments by several companies, led to the introduction of celluloid cylinders. In late 1908, Thomas Edison had introduced wax cylinders that played for about four minutes (instead of the usual two) under the Amberol brand. The Amberols were manufactured with flat rim-ends, to prevent confusion with the earlier bevel-edged two-minute version. In 1912, the Edison company eventually acquired patents to the celluloid technology, and almost immediately started production of the new brand as Edison Blue Amberol Records. Cylinder records continued to compete with the growing disc record market into the 1910s. In 1912, Columbia Records, which had been selling both discs and cylinders, dropped the cylinder format, while Edison introduced his Diamond Disc format, played with a diamond stylus. From 1915, new Edison cylinders were re-recordings from Edison discs. Although his cylinders continued to be sold in steadily dwindling quantities, Edison continued to support the owners of cylinder phonographs by making new titles available in that format until the company ceased manufacturing all records and phonographs in November 1929.This item is significant because it is representative of early home entertainment in the late 19th and early 20th century.An Edison Home Phonograph in a wooden case. No trumpet included.On outer case' Edison On metal plate: Thomas A Edison TRADE MARK On large metal plate: Detailed inscription of Patent informationphonograph, thomas edison

? Thomas Edison Cylinder rolls and one broken one plus a brush and hand winder. Thomas A Edison Amberola Mark 30 Gramophone. 7396.1gramophone, edison, cylinder roll

This Edison Ediphone voice recording electronic business machine is manufactured to suit a small office and is light enough to carry between work and home for use outside normal business hours. It is a dictation machine, also called by the competitor’s brand name ‘Dictaphone’, and is used for recording spoken words that would later be transcribed and typewritten. A wax cylinder would be installed onto the machine’s drum and the Reproducer on the machine would be lowered onto the cylinder. The user would speak a message into a microphone and the reproducer would then convert the sounds to scribed marks on the cylinder. Later, the cylinder could be played and the Reproducer would enable the sound to be amplified through an attached speaker. This machine is currently without its power cord, microphone and speaker horn. Thomas A. Edison extended the technology of the telegraph to his phonograph machine, invented in the late 19th century. It could record and play back sounds of music and voice on a manually operated mechanical machine that used wax cylinders to store the sound. He envisaged the way this technology could be an asset in the office, and he was right! However, most of his phonograph machines were used for entertainment, some for playing lessons, and some for-teaching languages. In 1916 Edison introduced the Ediphone, which grew in popularity after the First World War and into the late 1920s until flat round records replaced the wax cylinders. This Edison Ediphone is significant for improving the way business administration was carried out in the early 20th century, freeing up precious time for professionals and administrative personnel. It was the forerunner of audio tapes and digital technology. The Ediphone enabled letters to be dictated when the time and place suited and reduced the time professionals needed to spend with their secretaries. Secretaries were able to type the letters as they played the recording and they could replay the message if necessary.Voice recorder; a dictation machine; desktop model Edison Ediphone. The electronic machine is in a medal case with remnants of the original grey colour. It has a rectangular base with an A4-sized footprint and a domed hood that retracts halfway into the back of the base. The corners of the base have metal reinforcing, and a short metal bar is on the front centre edge of the lid and the base. A long metal drum is mounted inside the machine. A round device called a ‘reproducer’ is mounted above the drum. There is a folding handle on the left front of the machine and an angled stand with paper guides in front of the drum. A rear cover has the maker’s name stamped on it. An electrical socket with eight pins is recessed beside the cover. Made by Edison.In white letters; “EDISON”flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, edison, ediphone, dictating machine, office equipment, voice recorder, usa, dictation, communication, office machine, dictaphone, speaking phonograph, thomas edison, ediphone voicewriter, voice writer

Thomas Edison (1847–1931), an American, invented the phonograph in 1877, making it possible to record sound waves vertically and reproduce them on a wax cylinder so they could be heard again. Later, the German American, Emile Berliner (1851-1929), improved on Edison’s principles, greatly increasing the quality of the reproduced sounds with his invention of the gramophone in 1887, which recorded the sound waves laterally onto a flat shellac disc, or ‘record’. Records could be mass-produced in a factory where audio recordings were converted to a physical copy of that recording on a plate-sized disc. A gramophone machine reproduced the sound by spinning the record on a turntable at a specified number of rotations per minute (RPM) and using a stylus or needle to transfer the vibration via a membrane to a speaker, which amplified the sound. Berliner helped set up affiliated businesses overseas. One of his representatives was William Barry Owen (1860–1914), who, on 23 February 1889, partnered with Edmund Trevor Lloyd Williams (1859–1946) in England to register The Gramophone Company. His Master’s Voice (HMV) soon became the company’s major recording label, popular worldwide. The label's logo, a dog looking into a gramophone horn, looking for his master’s voice, was based on a painting by English artist Francis Barraud, which featured a terrier called Nipper beside a gramophone. Early gramophone records were mostly made from a material referred to as shellac, a natural ingredient combined with slate powder, and a filler of manilla copal, wood resin, carnauba wax, and carbon black. Although Bakelite seemed a useful, synthetic product, it was unsuccessful as a product for records. Around the time of World War II, lightweight, flexible synthetic vinyl records began replacing shellac records. Common diameters of records: 7 inch, 10 inch, 12 inch and 16 inch Revolutions Per Minute include: 33 1/3, 45, 78 Minutes per side of record: 3, 5.5, 7, 8, 9, 12, 15 and 22 Labels, in minutes per side: Single Play 3-5 min, Extended Play (EP) 7-12 min, Long Play (LP) 12-22 min This gramophone represents a step in the evolution of recording sound. In the 19th century, the human voice was first recorded on wax cylinders and replayed. It was the beginning of a new era in sound. Then, in the 1880s, voice could be recorded onto flat discs like this record, reliably reproduced and replayed many times, even on portable devices. Later, in the mid-20th century the following generation of electronic audio recording began, and later that century, digital recording gave even better reproduction. The record represents a popular means of entertainment for personal and social activities, as well as in some businesses. Shellac gramophone record, red label. Title: John Go And Put Your Trousers On Artist: Billy Williams Publisher: Parlophone Co Ltd, London Number: 41413 Size: 10 inch"A2031"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, gramophone, phonograph, sound waves, record, reproduction, audio record, music, sound, thomas edison, emile berliner, 1887, shellac, rpm, william barry owen, edmund trevor lloyd williams, the gramophone company, his master’s voice, hmv, francis barraud, nipper, 10 inch, parlophone co ltd, london, john go and put your trousers on, billy williams

Thomas Edison (1847–1931), an American, invented the phonograph in 1877, making it possible to record sound waves vertically and reproduce them on a wax cylinder so they could be heard again. Later, the German American, Emile Berliner (1851-1929), improved on Edison’s principles, greatly increasing the quality of the reproduced sounds with his invention of the gramophone in 1887, which recorded the sound waves laterally onto a flat shellac disc, or ‘record’. Records could be mass-produced in a factory where audio recordings were converted to a physical copy of that recording on a plate-sized disc. A gramophone machine reproduced the sound by spinning the record on a turntable at a specified number of rotations per minute (RPM) and using a stylus or needle to transfer the vibration via a membrane to a speaker, which amplified the sound. Berliner helped set up affiliated businesses overseas. One of his representatives was William Barry Owen (1860–1914), who, on 23 February 1889, partnered with Edmund Trevor Lloyd Williams (1859–1946) in England to register The Gramophone Company. His Master’s Voice (HMV) soon became the company’s major recording label, popular worldwide. The business based the label's logo of a dog looking into a gramophone horn for ‘his master’s voice’ was based on a painting by English artist Francis Barraud, which featured a terrier called Nipper beside a gramophone. Early gramophone records were mostly made from a material referred to as shellac, a natural ingredient combined with slate powder, and a filler of manilla copal, wood resin, carnauba wax, and carbon black. Although Bakelite seemed a useful, synthetic product, it was unsuccessful as a product for records. Around the time of World War II, lightweight, flexible synthetic vinyl records began replacing shellac records. Common diameters of records: 7 inch, 10 inch, 12 inch and 16 inch Revolutions Per Minute include: 33 1/3, 45, 78 Minutes per side of record: 3, 5.5, 7, 8, 9, 12, 15 and 22 Labels, in minutes per side: Single Play 3-5 min, Extended Play (EP) 7-12 min, Long Play (LP) 12-22 minThis gramophone represents a step in the evolution of recording sound. In the 19th century, the human voice was first recorded on wax cylinders and replayed. It was the beginning of a new era in sound. Then, in the 1880s, voice could be recorded onto flat discs like this record, reliably reproduced and replayed many times, even on portable devices. Later, in the mid-20th century the following generation of electronic audio recording began, and later that century, digital recording gave even better reproduction. The record represents a popular means of entertainment for personal and social activities, as well as in some businesses. Shellac gramophone record with a green and gold label. Title: The Wedding of Sandy McNab Artist: Harry Lauder Publisher: Zonophone Records England Size: 10 inch Number: X-42793flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, gramophone, phonograph, sound waves, record, reproduction, audio record, music, sound, thomas edison, emile berliner, 1887, shellac, rpm, william barry owen, edmund trevor lloyd williams, the gramophone company, his master’s voice, hmv, francis barraud, nipper, 10 inch, zonophone record, england, x-42793, the wedding of sandy mcnab, harry lauder

Thomas Edison (1847–1931), an American, invented the phonograph in 1877, making it possible to record sound waves vertically and reproduce them on a wax cylinder so they could be heard again. Later, the German American, Emile Berliner (1851-1929), improved on Edison’s principles, greatly increasing the quality of the reproduced sounds with his invention of the gramophone in 1887, which recorded the sound waves laterally onto a flat shellac disc, or ‘record’. Records could be mass-produced in a factory where audio recordings were converted to a physical copy of that recording on a plate-sized disc. A gramophone machine reproduced the sound by spinning the record on a turntable at a specified number of rotations per minute (RPM) and using a stylus or needle to transfer the vibration via a membrane to a speaker, which amplified the sound. Berliner helped set up affiliated businesses overseas. One of his representatives was William Barry Owen (1860–1914), who, on 23 February 1889, partnered with Edmund Trevor Lloyd Williams (1859–1946) in England to register The Gramophone Company. His Master’s Voice (HMV) soon became the company’s major recording label, popular worldwide. The business based the label's logo of a dog looking into a gramophone horn for ‘his master’s voice’ was based on a painting by English artist Francis Barraud, which featured a terrier called Nipper beside a gramophone. Early gramophone records were mostly made from a material referred to as shellac, a natural ingredient combined with slate powder, and a filler of manilla copal, wood resin, carnauba wax, and carbon black. Although Bakelite seemed a useful, synthetic product, it was unsuccessful as a product for records. Around the time of World War II, lightweight, flexible synthetic vinyl records began replacing shellac records. Common diameters of records: 7 inch, 10 inch, 12 inch and 16 inch Revolutions Per Minute include: 33 1/3, 45, 78 Minutes per side of record: 3, 5.5, 7, 8, 9, 12, 15 and 22 Labels, in minutes per side: Single Play 3-5 min, Extended Play (EP) 7-12 min, Long Play (LP) 12-22 min This gramophone represents a step in the evolution of recording sound. In the 19th century, the human voice was first recorded on wax cylinders and replayed. It was the beginning of a new era in sound. Then, in the 1880s, voice could be recorded onto flat discs like this record, reliably reproduced and replayed many times, even on portable devices. Later, in the mid-20th century the following generation of electronic audio recording began, and later that century, digital recording gave even better reproduction. The record represents a popular means of entertainment for personal and social activities, as well as in some businesses. Shellac gramophone record with a crimson and gold label. Title: The Triumph of Right Artist: H.M. Welsh Guards Publisher: ACO England Number: G15875 Size: 10 inchflagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, gramophone, phonograph, sound waves, record, reproduction, audio record, music, sound, thomas edison, emile berliner, 1887, shellac, rpm, william barry owen, edmund trevor lloyd williams, the gramophone company, his master’s voice, hmv, francis barraud, nipper, 10 inch, the triumph of right, h.m. welsh guards, aco england

Thomas Edison (1847–1931), an American, invented the phonograph in 1877, making it possible to record sound waves vertically and reproduce them on a wax cylinder so they could be heard again. Later, the German American, Emile Berliner (1851-1929), improved on Edison’s principles, greatly increasing the quality of the reproduced sounds with his invention of the gramophone in 1887, which recorded the sound waves laterally onto a flat shellac disc, or ‘record’. Records could be mass-produced in a factory where audio recordings were converted to a physical copy of that recording on a plate-sized disc. A gramophone machine reproduced the sound by spinning the record on a turntable at a specified number of rotations per minute (RPM) and using a stylus or needle to transfer the vibration via a membrane to a speaker, which amplified the sound. Berliner helped set up affiliated businesses overseas. One of his representatives was William Barry Owen (1860–1914), who, on 23 February 1889, partnered with Edmund Trevor Lloyd Williams (1859–1946) in England to register The Gramophone Company. His Master’s Voice (HMV) soon became the company’s major recording label, popular worldwide. The business based the label's logo of a dog looking into a gramophone horn for ‘his master’s voice’ was based on a painting by English artist Francis Barraud, which featured a terrier called Nipper beside a gramophone. Early gramophone records were mostly made from a material referred to as shellac, a natural ingredient combined with slate powder, and a filler of manilla copal, wood resin, carnauba wax, and carbon black. Although Bakelite seemed a useful, synthetic product, it was unsuccessful as a product for records. Around the time of World War II, lightweight, flexible synthetic vinyl records began replacing shellac records. Common diameters of records: 7 inch, 10 inch, 12 inch and 16 inch Revolutions Per Minute include: 33 1/3, 45, 78 Minutes per side of record: 3, 5.5, 7, 8, 9, 12, 15 and 22 Labels, in minutes per side: Single Play 3-5 min, Extended Play (EP) 7-12 min, Long Play (LP) 12-22 min This gramophone represents a step in the evolution of recording sound. In the 19th century, the human voice was first recorded on wax cylinders and replayed. It was the beginning of a new era in sound. Then, in the 1880s, voice could be recorded onto flat discs like this record, reliably reproduced and replayed many times, even on portable devices. Later, in the mid-20th century the following generation of electronic audio recording began, and later that century, digital recording gave even better reproduction. The record represents a popular means of entertainment for personal and social activities, as well as in some businesses. Shellac gramophone record with a green and gold label. Title: I shall have to ask my mother if she'll let me Artist: Billy Williams Publisher: Zonophone Records England Number: X-3-42137 Size: 10 inchflagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, gramophone, phonograph, sound waves, record, reproduction, audio record, music, sound, thomas edison, emile berliner, 1887, shellac, rpm, william barry owen, edmund trevor lloyd williams, the gramophone company, his master’s voice, hmv, francis barraud, nipper, 10 inch, zonophone records england, x-3-42137. i shall have to ask my mother if she'll let me, billy williams

Thomas Edison (1847–1931), an American, invented the phonograph in 1877, making it possible to record sound waves vertically and reproduce them on a wax cylinder so they could be heard again. Later, the German American, Emile Berliner (1851-1929), improved on Edison’s principles, greatly increasing the quality of the reproduced sounds with his invention of the gramophone in 1887, which recorded the sound waves laterally onto a flat shellac disc, or ‘record’. Records could be mass-produced in a factory where audio recordings were converted to a physical copy of that recording on a plate-sized disc. A gramophone machine reproduced the sound by spinning the record on a turntable at a specified number of rotations per minute (RPM) and using a stylus or needle to transfer the vibration via a membrane to a speaker, which amplified the sound. Berliner helped set up affiliated businesses overseas. One of his representatives was William Barry Owen (1860–1914), who, on 23 February 1889, partnered with Edmund Trevor Lloyd Williams (1859–1946) in England to register The Gramophone Company. His Master’s Voice (HMV) soon became the company’s major recording label, popular worldwide. The business based the label's logo of a dog looking into a gramophone horn for ‘his master’s voice’ was based on a painting by English artist Francis Barraud, which featured a terrier called Nipper beside a gramophone. Early gramophone records were mostly made from a material referred to as shellac, a natural ingredient combined with slate powder, and a filler of manilla copal, wood resin, carnauba wax, and carbon black. Although Bakelite seemed a useful, synthetic product, it was unsuccessful as a product for records. Around the time of World War II, lightweight, flexible synthetic vinyl records began replacing shellac records. Common diameters of records: 7 inch, 10 inch, 12 inch and 16 inch Revolutions Per Minute include: 33 1/3, 45, 78 Minutes per side of record: 3, 5.5, 7, 8, 9, 12, 15 and 22 Labels, in minutes per side: Single Play 3-5 min, Extended Play (EP) 7-12 min, Long Play (LP) 12-22 minThis gramophone represents a step in the evolution of recording sound. In the 19th century, the human voice was first recorded on wax cylinders and replayed. It was the beginning of a new era in sound. Then, in the 1880s, voice could be recorded onto flat discs like this record, reliably reproduced and replayed many times, even on portable devices. Later, in the mid-20th century the following generation of electronic audio recording began, and later that century, digital recording gave even better reproduction. The record represents a popular means of entertainment for personal and social activities, as well as in some businesses. Shellac gramophone record with a green and gold label. Title: There's a new star in Heaven tonight Artist: Veron Dalhart Publisher: Zonophone Records England Number: 112037 Size: 10 inchflagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, gramophone, phonograph, sound waves, record, reproduction, audio record, music, sound, thomas edison, emile berliner, 1887, shellac, rpm, william barry owen, edmund trevor lloyd williams, the gramophone company, his master’s voice, hmv, francis barraud, nipper, 10 inch, there's a new star in heaven tonight, veron dalhart, zonophone records, england

Thomas Edison (1847–1931), an American, invented the phonograph in 1877, making it possible to record sound waves vertically and reproduce them on a wax cylinder so they could be heard again. Later, the German American, Emile Berliner (1851-1929), improved on Edison’s principles, greatly increasing the quality of the reproduced sounds with his invention of the gramophone in 1887, which recorded the sound waves laterally onto a flat shellac disc, or ‘record’. Records could be mass-produced in a factory where audio recordings were converted to a physical copy of that recording on a plate-sized disc. A gramophone machine reproduced the sound by spinning the record on a turntable at a specified number of rotations per minute (RPM) and using a stylus or needle to transfer the vibration via a membrane to a speaker, which amplified the sound. Berliner helped set up affiliated businesses overseas. One of his representatives was William Barry Owen (1860–1914), who, on 23 February 1889, partnered with Edmund Trevor Lloyd Williams (1859–1946) in England to register The Gramophone Company. His Master’s Voice (HMV) soon became the company’s major recording label, popular worldwide. The business based the label's logo of a dog looking into a gramophone horn for ‘his master’s voice’ was based on a painting by English artist Francis Barraud, which featured a terrier called Nipper beside a gramophone. Early gramophone records were mostly made from a material referred to as shellac, a natural ingredient combined with slate powder, and a filler of manilla copal, wood resin, carnauba wax, and carbon black. Although Bakelite seemed a useful, synthetic product, it was unsuccessful as a product for records. Around the time of World War II, lightweight, flexible synthetic vinyl records began replacing shellac records. Common diameters of records: 7 inch, 10 inch, 12 inch and 16 inch Revolutions Per Minute include: 33 1/3, 45, 78 Minutes per side of record: 3, 5.5, 7, 8, 9, 12, 15 and 22 Labels, in minutes per side: Single Play 3-5 min, Extended Play (EP) 7-12 min, Long Play (LP) 12-22 min This gramophone represents a step in the evolution of recording sound. In the 19th century, the human voice was first recorded on wax cylinders and replayed. It was the beginning of a new era in sound. Then, in the 1880s, voice could be recorded onto flat discs like this record, reliably reproduced and replayed many times, even on portable devices. Later, in the mid-20th century the following generation of electronic audio recording began, and later that century, digital recording gave even better reproduction. The record represents a popular means of entertainment for personal and social activities, as well as in some businesses. Shellac gramophone record with a purple and gold label. Title: Love Is Just A Little Bit Of Heaven Artist: Len Maurice Publisher: Columbia Number:0764 Size: 10 inchOn label, two torn paper stamps, one has blue printingflagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, gramophone, phonograph, sound waves, record, reproduction, audio record, music, sound, thomas edison, emile berliner, 1887, shellac, rpm, william barry owen, edmund trevor lloyd williams, the gramophone company, his master’s voice, hmv, francis barraud, nipper, 10 inch, columbia, 0764. love is just a little bit of heaven, len maurice

Thomas Edison (1847–1931), an American, invented the phonograph in 1877, making it possible to record sound waves vertically and reproduce them on a wax cylinder so they could be heard again. Later, the German American, Emile Berliner (1851-1929), improved on Edison’s principles, greatly increasing the quality of the reproduced sounds with his invention of the gramophone in 1887, which recorded the sound waves laterally onto a flat shellac disc, or ‘record’. Records could be mass-produced in a factory where audio recordings were converted to a physical copy of that recording on a plate-sized disc. A gramophone machine reproduced the sound by spinning the record on a turntable at a specified number of rotations per minute (RPM) and using a stylus or needle to transfer the vibration via a membrane to a speaker, which amplified the sound. Berliner helped set up affiliated businesses overseas. One of his representatives was William Barry Owen (1860–1914), who, on 23 February 1889, partnered with Edmund Trevor Lloyd Williams (1859–1946) in England to register The Gramophone Company. His Master’s Voice (HMV) soon became the company’s major recording label, popular worldwide. The business based the label's logo of a dog looking into a gramophone horn for ‘his master’s voice’ was based on a painting by English artist Francis Barraud, which featured a terrier called Nipper beside a gramophone. Early gramophone records were mostly made from a material referred to as shellac, a natural ingredient combined with slate powder, and a filler of manilla copal, wood resin, carnauba wax, and carbon black. Although Bakelite seemed a useful, synthetic product, it was unsuccessful as a product for records. Around the time of World War II, lightweight, flexible synthetic vinyl records began replacing shellac records. Common diameters of records: 7 inch, 10 inch, 12 inch and 16 inch Revolutions Per Minute include: 33 1/3, 45, 78 Minutes per side of record: 3, 5.5, 7, 8, 9, 12, 15 and 22 Labels, in minutes per side: Single Play 3-5 min, Extended Play (EP) 7-12 min, Long Play (LP) 12-22 min This gramophone represents a step in the evolution of recording sound. In the 19th century, the human voice was first recorded on wax cylinders and replayed. It was the beginning of a new era in sound. Then, in the 1880s, voice could be recorded onto flat discs like this record, reliably reproduced and replayed many times, even on portable devices. Later, in the mid-20th century the following generation of electronic audio recording began, and later that century, digital recording gave even better reproduction. The record represents a popular means of entertainment for personal and social activities, as well as in some businesses. Shellac gramophone record with a purple and gold label. Title: Sunny I Might Grow Fond Of You Artist: Duet Elsie Randolph and Claude Hulbert Publisher: Columbia Number: A4290 Size: 10 inch flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, gramophone, phonograph, sound waves, record, reproduction, audio record, music, sound, thomas edison, emile berliner, 1887, shellac, rpm, william barry owen, edmund trevor lloyd williams, the gramophone company, his master’s voice, hmv, francis barraud, nipper, 10 inch, columbia, a4290. sunny i might grow fond of you, duet elsie randolph and claude hulbert

Thomas Edison (1847–1931), an American, invented the phonograph in 1877, making it possible to record sound waves vertically and reproduce them on a wax cylinder so they could be heard again. Later, the German American, Emile Berliner (1851-1929), improved on Edison’s principles, greatly increasing the quality of the reproduced sounds with his invention of the gramophone in 1887, which recorded the sound waves laterally onto a flat shellac disc, or ‘record’. Records could be mass-produced in a factory where audio recordings were converted to a physical copy of that recording on a plate-sized disc. A gramophone machine reproduced the sound by spinning the record on a turntable at a specified number of rotations per minute (RPM) and using a stylus or needle to transfer the vibration via a membrane to a speaker, which amplified the sound. Berliner helped set up affiliated businesses overseas. One of his representatives was William Barry Owen (1860–1914), who, on 23 February 1889, partnered with Edmund Trevor Lloyd Williams (1859–1946) in England to register The Gramophone Company. His Master’s Voice (HMV) soon became the company’s major recording label, popular worldwide. The business based the label's logo of a dog looking into a gramophone horn for ‘his master’s voice’ was based on a painting by English artist Francis Barraud, which featured a terrier called Nipper beside a gramophone. Early gramophone records were mostly made from a material referred to as shellac, a natural ingredient combined with slate powder, and a filler of manilla copal, wood resin, carnauba wax, and carbon black. Although Bakelite seemed a useful, synthetic product, it was unsuccessful as a product for records. Around the time of World War II, lightweight, flexible synthetic vinyl records began replacing shellac records. Common diameters of records: 7 inch, 10 inch, 12 inch and 16 inch Revolutions Per Minute include: 33 1/3, 45, 78 Minutes per side of record: 3, 5.5, 7, 8, 9, 12, 15 and 22 Labels, in minutes per side: Single Play 3-5 min, Extended Play (EP) 7-12 min, Long Play (LP) 12-22 min This gramophone represents a step in the evolution of recording sound. In the 19th century, the human voice was first recorded on wax cylinders and replayed. It was the beginning of a new era in sound. Then, in the 1880s, voice could be recorded onto flat discs like this record, reliably reproduced and replayed many times, even on portable devices. Later, in the mid-20th century the following generation of electronic audio recording began, and later that century, digital recording gave even better reproduction. The record represents a popular means of entertainment for personal and social activities, as well as in some businesses. Shellac gramophone record with a purple and gold label. Title: The Prisoner's Sweetheart Artist: tenor Franklyn Baur Publisher: Columbia Number:141812 Size: 10 inchflagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, gramophone, phonograph, sound waves, record, reproduction, audio record, music, sound, thomas edison, emile berliner, 1887, shellac, rpm, william barry owen, edmund trevor lloyd williams, the gramophone company, his master’s voice, hmv, francis barraud, nipper, 10 inch, columbia, 141812, the prisoner's sweetheart, franklyn baur (tenor)

Thomas Edison (1847–1931), an American, invented the phonograph in 1877, making it possible to record sound waves vertically and reproduce them on a wax cylinder so they could be heard again. Later, the German American, Emile Berliner (1851-1929), improved on Edison’s principles, greatly increasing the quality of the reproduced sounds with his invention of the gramophone in 1887, which recorded the sound waves laterally onto a flat shellac disc, or ‘record’. Records could be mass-produced in a factory where audio recordings were converted to a physical copy of that recording on a plate-sized disc. A gramophone machine reproduced the sound by spinning the record on a turntable at a specified number of rotations per minute (RPM) and using a stylus or needle to transfer the vibration via a membrane to a speaker, which amplified the sound. Berliner helped set up affiliated businesses overseas. One of his representatives was William Barry Owen (1860–1914), who, on 23 February 1889, partnered with Edmund Trevor Lloyd Williams (1859–1946) in England to register The Gramophone Company. His Master’s Voice (HMV) soon became the company’s major recording label, popular worldwide. The business based the label's logo of a dog looking into a gramophone horn for ‘his master’s voice’ was based on a painting by English artist Francis Barraud, which featured a terrier called Nipper beside a gramophone. Early gramophone records were mostly made from a material referred to as shellac, a natural ingredient combined with slate powder, and a filler of manilla copal, wood resin, carnauba wax, and carbon black. Although Bakelite seemed a useful, synthetic product, it was unsuccessful as a product for records. Around the time of World War II, lightweight, flexible synthetic vinyl records began replacing shellac records. Common diameters of records: 7 inch, 10 inch, 12 inch and 16 inch Revolutions Per Minute include: 33 1/3, 45, 78 Minutes per side of record: 3, 5.5, 7, 8, 9, 12, 15 and 22 Labels, in minutes per side: Single Play 3-5 min, Extended Play (EP) 7-12 min, Long Play (LP) 12-22 min This gramophone represents a step in the evolution of recording sound. In the 19th century, the human voice was first recorded on wax cylinders and replayed. It was the beginning of a new era in sound. Then, in the 1880s, voice could be recorded onto flat discs like this record, reliably reproduced and replayed many times, even on portable devices. Later, in the mid-20th century the following generation of electronic audio recording began, and later that century, digital recording gave even better reproduction. The record represents a popular means of entertainment for personal and social activities, as well as in some businesses. Shellac gramophone record with a black label Title: Oh, If Only I Had You Artist: Jack Lumsdaine (The Radio Rascal) Publisher: Columbia Number: A454 0625 Size: 10-inchRemnants of a paper sticker on the labelflagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, gramophone, phonograph, sound waves, record, reproduction, audio record, music, sound, thomas edison, emile berliner, 1887, shellac, rpm, william barry owen, edmund trevor lloyd williams, the gramophone company, his master’s voice, hmv, francis barraud, nipper, 10 inch, columbia, a454 0625, oh, if only i had you, jack lumsdaine (the radio rascal)

Thomas Edison (1847–1931), an American, invented the phonograph in 1877, making it possible to record sound waves vertically and reproduce them on a wax cylinder so they could be heard again. Later, the German American, Emile Berliner (1851-1929), improved on Edison’s principles, greatly increasing the quality of the reproduced sounds with his invention of the gramophone in 1887, which recorded the sound waves laterally onto a flat shellac disc, or ‘record’. Records could be mass-produced in a factory where audio recordings were converted to a physical copy of that recording on a plate-sized disc. A gramophone machine reproduced the sound by spinning the record on a turntable at a specified number of rotations per minute (RPM) and using a stylus or needle to transfer the vibration via a membrane to a speaker, which amplified the sound. Berliner helped set up affiliated businesses overseas. One of his representatives was William Barry Owen (1860–1914), who, on 23 February 1889, partnered with Edmund Trevor Lloyd Williams (1859–1946) in England to register The Gramophone Company. His Master’s Voice (HMV) soon became the company’s major recording label, popular worldwide. The business based the label's logo of a dog looking into a gramophone horn for ‘his master’s voice’ was based on a painting by English artist Francis Barraud, which featured a terrier called Nipper beside a gramophone. Early gramophone records were mostly made from a material referred to as shellac, a natural ingredient combined with slate powder, and a filler of manilla copal, wood resin, carnauba wax, and carbon black. Although Bakelite seemed a useful, synthetic product, it was unsuccessful as a product for records. Around the time of World War II, lightweight, flexible synthetic vinyl records began replacing shellac records. Common diameters of records: 7 inch, 10 inch, 12 inch and 16 inch Revolutions Per Minute include: 33 1/3, 45, 78 Minutes per side of record: 3, 5.5, 7, 8, 9, 12, 15 and 22 Labels, in minutes per side: Single Play 3-5 min, Extended Play (EP) 7-12 min, Long Play (LP) 12-22 min This gramophone represents a step in the evolution of recording sound. In the 19th century, the human voice was first recorded on wax cylinders and replayed. It was the beginning of a new era in sound. Then, in the 1880s, voice could be recorded onto flat discs like this record, reliably reproduced and replayed many times, even on portable devices. Later, in the mid-20th century the following generation of electronic audio recording began, and later that century, digital recording gave even better reproduction. The record represents a popular means of entertainment for personal and social activities, as well as in some businesses. Shellac gramophone record with a black and gold label. Title: The Old Fiddlers Song Artist: Vernon Delhart, tenor Publisher: Brunswick Number:3234-A Size: 10 inchflagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, gramophone, phonograph, sound waves, record, reproduction, audio record, music, sound, thomas edison, emile berliner, 1887, shellac, rpm, william barry owen, edmund trevor lloyd williams, the gramophone company, his master’s voice, hmv, francis barraud, nipper, 10 inch, brunswick records, 3234-a, the old fiddlers song, vernon delhart (tenor)