Black and white photograph rural scene, lady in horse drawn jinker near cattle."Horse trough Jean Gascoigne-Turnbull in jinker (gig) horse and cows".jean gascoigne-turnbull, horse drawn vehicles

Image shows a newspaper photo of a new W Class tram body being transported by horse drawn jinker from the body builders. Possibly from J Moore of South Melbourne.The W Class Trams were a highly successful design of trams for Melbourne. The body of a MMTB Tram being delivered by horse drawn jinker from the body builders to a depot.tramways, trams, w class trams, horse drawn jinker

Image shows a newspaper photo of the new W Class 284 tram body being transported by horse drawn jinker from railyards. This tram body was built in Adelaide.The W Class Trams were a highly successful design of trams for Melbourne. The body of MMTB Tram W 284 being delivered by horse drawn jinker from railway yards. The tram was built in Adelaide.tramways, trams, w class trams, tram 284, horse drawn jinker

Demonstrates the method of delivery of a tramcar body for Geelong from the railway station using a horse drawn jinker with the horse driver standing in the same location as a tram driver would have. Tramcar built by Pengelley of Adelaide. The tramcar bodies were delivered during 1924 and 1925.Yields information about the Pengelly built tramcars for Geelong c1924 and how tramcar bodies could be transported using a horse drawn jinker. At the time, the Geelong tram system operated by the Melbourne Electric Supply Co.Copy photograph on black plastic type backing with black edges of a Pengelley Adelaide built tramcar body for the Geelong tramway system being delivered 1924, from the Geelong Railway station.geelong, tramways, pengelley, tram bodies, horse drawn jinker

Image shows the body of W class tram No. 273 loaded onto a two horse drawn jinker in the yard of James Moore & Sons of South Melbourne where it was built. The name of the company is on the gantry behind the horses and on the jinker side. The tram entered service during Dec. 1925.Yields information about the construction and delivery of new W class trams by James Moore & Sons of South Melbourne.Black and White photograph "Photo received 15/4/65"tramways, trams, james moore, w class, tram 273, new trams, horse drawn jinker

This foot grip was made and owned by Frederick William McDowell (Fred) (1880 to 15-6-1967). It would be been joined to the stafe or frame of a jinker and used to step up from the ground and onto the seat. He was a wheelwright by trade. He made and repaired vehicles such gigs, buggies, jinkers, sulkeys, spring carts and farm wagons. His workshop was on the corner of Cramer Street and Raglan Parade in Warrnambool., previously the site of Fotheringhams, and after McDowell's, and still in 2023, occupied by Reece Plumbing Fred's workplace prior to retiring was at Bryant & Waterson's in Kepler Street, opposite the Criterian Hotel, making rubber tyred horse-driven farm wagons.This jinker's foot grip id part of a jinker or two-wheeled carriage. It is a rare item, made by a local wheelwright Frank McDowell who operated his buggy making and repair business in Warrnambool's CBD in the early twentieth century. It is an example of the equipment used on horse-drawn vehicles for safety and convenience.Foot grip, iron with silver plate finish. Rectangular metal plate with textured crossed over diagonal lines on the top surface and inset rectangles with impressed text. the curved and shaped ends have a drilled round hole. the length of the plate is an inverted 'v' shape towards the base. Made by F. McDowell, Warrnambool."F McDOWELL" "WARRNAMBOOL"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, fred mcdowell, frederick mcdowell, wheelwright, gig, buggy, jinker, sulkey, spring cart, farm wagon, 2-wheeled cart, horse cart, horse cart parts, jinker buggy, transport, vehicle, horse drawn, horse jinker, bryant & waterson, jinker part, jinker foot grip, step, foot plate, horse cart part, stafe, 2-wheeled carriage

This set of taps and dies tools was owned by Frederick William McDowell (Fred) (1880 to 15-6-1967). He was a wheelwright by trade. He made and repaired vehicles such gigs, buggies, jinkers, sulkeys, spring carts and farm wagons. His workshop was on the corner of Cramer Street and Raglan Parade in Warrnambool., previously the site of Fotheringhams, and after McDowell's, and still in 2023, occupied by Reece Plumbing Fred's workplace prior to retiring was at Bryant & Waterson's in Kepler Street, opposite the Criterian Hotel, making rubber tyred horse-driven farm wagons. This Wiley and Russell hand operated, thread cutting Die and Stock, or Die and Tap, set’s patent carries the description “The taper-headed screws adjust the size; the four side screws hold the cutters firmly in the holder. Marketed as the Wiley & Russell LIGHTNING SCREW PLATE. The taper-headed screws are carried over from the J.J. Grant October 21, 1871 patent (no. 120,266). This patent was improved by Smart's Oct. 21, 1884 patent (no. 306,783).” Dies are used to cut external screw thread, stocks are the tools that hold the dies in place with countersunk adjustable screws, and taps are the tools that make the internal threads. The tools would be used by farriers, blacksmiths, wheelwrights sailing and steam ship engineers for making new, or repairing old, threads in metal. WILEY AND RUSSELL Manufacturing Company The company Wiley and Russell was established in 1872 by Solon Wiley and Charles P Russell, whose uncle founded the J. Russell Cutlery Co. The company began with the purpose of manufacturing thread cutting tools in Green River U.S. This tap and die set is an example of tools used by blacksmiths, farriers, wheelwrights and engineers on sailing and steam ships. It is also an example of early U.S. made engineering tools.Tap, Die, Die Stock set of industrial tools, fitted inside original timber box with three instruction labels attached inside lid. The set is the “Wiley and Russell LIGHTNING SCREW PLATE Pat. Aug. 5, 1884”. The lid has three metal hinges and is secured by two metal hook and eye fittings. This set of Whitworth standard threads has metal die and stocks (seven), and taps (three - the case has provision for four more die). The manufacturer’s details and the sizes of the threads are impressed into the tools. The paper labels have instructions and a diagram for the use and care of the tools. Tools have a protective oil coating. Made by Wiley and Russell Manufacturing Co. of Greenfield, Massachusetts, U.S., c. 1884; the tools were patented in August 1884, U.S. Patent 303,060. “Wiley & Russell MFG.CO, Greenfield, Mass, Pat Aug 5 1884.” “WHIT. STD.”flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, tap and die set, 1884 engineering tools, wiley and russell mfg co, lightning tap and die set, tap, die and stock set, screw thread cutting tools, taps and dies, stocks and dies, lightning screw plate, cutters, j.j. grant, patent no. 120266, solon wiley and charles p russell, wiley and russell, j. russell cutlery co, green river u.s, whitworth thread, fred mcdowell, frederick mcdowell, wheelwright, gig, buggy, jinker, sulkey, spring cart, farm wagon, 2-wheeled cart, horse cart, horse cart parts, jinker buggy, transport, vehicle, horse drawn, horse jinker, bryant & waterson

Donated by S Serpell of Serpell & Reid families, Sandringham.Black & White postcard of a man in a horse drawn jinker on pathway looking out to The Nobbies, Phillip Island. Little dog in front of the horse.The Rose Series P 666. Looking to The Nobbies, Phillip Island, Victoria. Letter on back from Eileen to Dick describing her happy times on holiday and sending Christmas Greetings.the nobbies phillip island, nobbies road, horse & jinker, s serpell

Photo Spark/Jones Collection (Albert Jones photographer) reproduced on p172 of The Diamond Valley Story by Dianne H. Edwards, Shire of Diamond Valley 1979. "Blacksmith W. Everett devised metal fittings that enabled a jinker's shafts to be quickly replaced by a centre pole to harness a pair of horses. This vehicle won him a prize at the Royal Agricultural Show early in the century."Black and white copy of photo printed on glossy photographic paper 30.5 x 40.5 cm (12 x 16 inch); image size approx. 18.5 x 28 cmdiamond valley story, horse drawn carriage, jinker, w.j. everett

The photograph was taken at the intersection of Brook and Evans Streets in Sunbury. The two storey bluestone building was the Rupertswood Hotel, which was on the NE corner of the intersection and the single storey Royal Hotel building in the foreground was on the opposite corner. The Millett family originally owned both hotels. The Rupertswood Hotel was demolished in December 1974 to make way for a modern retail store. In 1939 the old Royal Hotel building was damaged by fire and replaced with a two storey red brick building.The Rupertswood and Royal Hotels were two of the earliest hotels to be erected in the Sunbury township.A non-digital black and white photograph of a street photograph featuring an intersection with a two storey bluestone building on one corner and a partial view of a single storey rendered building on the opposite corner. Two children are standing on the side of the road and a man is in a horse-drawn jinker. george millett, royal hotel, rupertswood hotel, evans street, brook street, hotels

Copy photograph of a small photograph contained within item Reg. No. 587. Photograph is of MMTB 110, on a horse drawn jinker at Ballarat Railway Station, May or Jun 1930. Caption on 587, says "No. 110 ready to go to depot". Hi Res scan added 25/3/2011trams, tramways, ballarat, new trams, m class, railway station , tram 110, tram 25

This image is one of a series of photographs taken by Melbourne based photographers Stevenson and McNicoll who visited Bacchus Marsh and its nearby districts between September and November 1883. The Presbyterian Manse was built about1858, when the lean-to residence at the rear of the Scotch Church in Main Street became too small for the family of the minister, Rev. A. McNicol. This photograph was taken during the ministry of Rev. J.M.Innes. The gentleman standing at the front of the manse appears to be wearing an ecclestiastical collar, and is possibly the Rev. Innes. The driver of the jinker also appears to be wearing a similar collar, and may be an assistant minister.Small sepia 'carte de viste' style unframed photograph on card with gold border framing photograph. Housed in the album, 'Photographs of Bacchus Marsh and District in 1883 by Stevenson and McNicoll'. Photograph of a substantial one-storey dwelling with a wide verandah. At the front of the manse is a horse-drawn jinker with a driver. Standing nearby is a formally clothed gentleman, possibly Rev. J.M.Innes. Printed On the front: Stevenson & McNicoll. Photo. 108 Elizabeth St. Melbourne. COPIES CAN BE OBTAINED AT ANY TIME. On the back: LIGHT & TRUTH inscribed on a banner surmounted by a representation of the rising sun. Copies of this Portrait can be had at any time by sending the Name and Post Office Money Order or Stamps for the amount of order to STEVENSON & McNICOLL LATE BENSON & STEVENSON, Photographers. 108 Elizabeth Street, MELBOURNE. churches bacchus marsh, clergy residences, presbyterian manse bacchus marsh, stevenson and mcnicoll 1883 photographs of bacchus marsh and district

Photos show W class 304 after delivery from Adelaide being unloaded by the travelling yard crane. The tram was built in Adelaide by the Holden Bodyworks and completed at the Workshops. The tram entered service on 14-8-1924. It was converted to a W2 class tram in Dec. 1932. The second photo shows the tram being loaded onto a horse-drawn jinker. Yields information about the construction and delivery of new W class trams by the Holden Bodyworks.Set of two photographs of W 304 being unloaded at the Flinders St yard 1924In ink of rear of prints "Photo Victorian Railways"tramways, trams, flinders st, railways, w class, tram 304, new trams, holden bodyworks, horse drawn vehicles

Provides information on how a tramcar body was fitted with a wheelset or truck (Brill Radiax EB1 type). Lifted on the jacks after delivery by a horse drawn jinker from the Railway Station (See Reg Item 8321) The wheel set is being pushed under the tramcar by another tramcar. Once fitted the tramcar would have been towed back into the depot and the motors etc connected. Has the Blakiston & Co. building in the background. Yields information about how tramcar bodies were lifted outside the Geelong tram depot in Brougham St in order to be made operational. Copy photograph on black plastic type backing with black edges of a Pengelley Adelaide built tramcar body on jacks being fitted with a truck or wheel set.geelong, tramways, pengelley, tram bodies, brill radiax truck, brougham st, trams

Copy photograph of a small photograph contained within item Reg. No. 587. Photograph is of MMTB 111, being lifted onto a horse drawn jinker at Ballarat Railway Station, May or Jun 1930. Caption on 587, says "No. 111 lifted off by Station Crane" Below photograph is "Note Horse Transport!, and Cars were painted grey over old Melbourne coloured panels and ends." Hi Res scan added 25/3/2011trams, tramways, ballarat, new trams, m class, railway station , tram 111, tram 26

One of 15 A3 sheets with copies of postcards on each page. Shirley Jones Collection.Copies of Postcards: Left side from top to bottom: 1. Cowes War Memorial with Jetty in the background. 2. View of San Remo from Cape Woolamai. 3. Cowes Sea Baths. 4. Douglas House Cowes. Right side from top to bottom: 1. Phillip Island Hotel Cowes. 2. Looking towards the Nobbies - man in horse drawn jinker with dog in front of horse. 3. People walking down the Cowes Pier after the departure of a boat. 4. Taken from the pier looking toward the Jetty Shed and Cowes.Left side from top to bottom: 2. "The Rose Series P680 - towards San Remo from Cape Woolamai P.Is". 3. "The Rose Series P660 - the Baths Cowes Phillip Island". 4. "H. Donn Proprietor Douglas House Cowes Telephone 25". Right side from top to bottom: 1. "Photo Shop Series No 29 - Phillip Island Cowes". 2. "the Rose Series P666 - Looking to The Nobbies Phillip Island Victoria". 3. "Valentine Series M4911 - After the departure of the boat Cowes P.Isl." 4. "The Rose Series P656 - From the Pier Cowes Phillip Island Vic."cowes war memorial, cowes baths phillip island, douglas house cowes, cowes pier phillip island, the nobbies phillip island, view san remo, shirley jones collection, thelma astbury

This image shows part of a street procession moving along Main Street Bacchus Marsh near the Hall of Commerce building and the Border Inn Hotel. In the foreground is a man standing on a horse drawn Jinker. The style of people's clothing in the picture suggests it is from around the 1890s or 1900s. The event associated with the street parade is not known. It is possibly part of the Bacchus Marsh branch of the Australian Natives Association (A.N.A,) annual sports festival which was held over the Easter period. Newspaper reports in the Bacchus Marsh Express in the 1900s report details of the various floats, themes and characters in the A.N.A annual sports event and they align to some degree with the people and activities in this image, and other similar images of street parades in Bacchus Marsh at this time.One digital file acquired from State Library of Victoria. One print copy for BMDHS collection reproduced from digital file. BMDHS Location: Photo Album Entertainment and Recreation parades and processions, events and activities, bacchus marsh and district images held by state library of victoria

CunninghameSepia coloured postcard of first bridge over North Arm, showing view of town buildings, including Club Hotel; sand hummocks; Cunninghame Arm; die back of melaleuca on sand flats. In foreground post and rail fence beside road, two wheeled horse drawn vehicle, jinker, with grey horse standing in shafts. Ten or eleven people standing on bridge. Lakes Entrance Victoriatopography, bridges, transport

Photo of Sepia ? Photo of interior of coach builders, showing pieces of shaped timber used in manufacturing of jinker + horse drawn vehicles frames for loads hanging in ceiling. Scholten and Marshorganization, business, coach builders, 802 + supp, 803, 804, 814

Sepia image mounted on board: image shows large procession of horse drawn vehicles, line of jinkers, carriages, etc. disappears into background, with bicycle riders alongside. Men are mostly wearing three piece suits, hats, and women wearing long dresses, seated in carriage. Procession is lined up outside buildings. Timber buildings with iron roof. Written on sign ' Roberts & Sons. Indistinct, behind trees' Roberts & Sons operated a foundry in Wills Street, Bendigo. Roberts & Sons, picnic, 1896. (Source: Bendigo Trust Collection)'Robevent, recreation, picnic, bendigo, procession, roberts & sons, foundry, wills street.

This horse-drawn, two-wheeled cart with a tank, is known as a Furphy Farm Water Cart that was made in Shepparton, northern Victoria, c. 1942. John Furphy (1842-1920) was born in Moonee Ponds, in 1842 to Irish immigrant parents and subsequently raised in the Yarra Valley before the family moved to Kyneton in central Victoria, where he completed an apprenticeship with the firm Hutcheson and Walker. Murphy began operations of his own at a site on Piper Street in Kyneton in 1864. He relocated for a business opportunity and founded the first blacksmiths and wheelwrights shop in the newly surveyed town of Shepparton in 1873. Furphy invented many farming tools and machines including a patented grain-stripper, and won awards at the 1888-89 Melbourne International Exhibition. His most famous invention is the Furphy Farm Water Cart, designed in the 1880s, at a time when water for most households and farms was carted on wagons in wooden barrels. The Furphy’s water cart is a single item that combines a water metal tank and a cart. The design of the cart was simple yet effective, and became popular very quickly and established itself as a vital piece of farming equipment. The water cart has had a number of words cast into its ends over many years. References to the foundry’s location in Shepparton, as well as advertising of other products also manufactured by J. Furphy & Sons were present on the ends. However, the most significant set of words to feature on the tank, was a poem encouraging continual improvement: ‘Good Better Best, Never Let it Rest, Until your Good is Better, And your Better Best’. During The Great War (1914-1918), the water cart was used by the Australian militarily at a large AIF (Australian Imperial Force) camp in Broadmeadows (Melbourne) where thousands of men were camped for months, before being transported aboard. Furphy Water Carts provided water to the troops, and were usually placed near the camp latrines, which was one of the few places the troops could share gossip and tall tales away from the prying eyes and ears of their officers. The water cart drivers were also notorious sources of information, despite most of their news being hearsay, or totally unreliable. By the time the men of the AIF were in engaged in combat on the Gallipoli Peninsula and the Western Front, the carts used for water supply had no markings and became simply referred to as Furphys. This owed as much to the coining of the term ‘Furphy’, Australian slang for suspect information or rumour. After a number of decades as principally a soldier’s word, 'Furphy' entered the broader Australian vernacular and was used mainly by the political class until recently when the term was taken up by a Australian brewer as a beer brand. This Furphy Water Cart was purchased by Friends of Flagstaff Hill in 2014. The support of local individuals, organisations and businesses enabled its restoration and later its installation alongside the existing late-19th century water pipe stand and 1940s hand pump The Furphy Farm Water Cart is of historical significance as it represents a famous Australian time-saving and energy-saving invention of the 1880s, replacing the labour intensive activity of collecting and dispensing water from barrels and casks on the back of carts. The water cart’s connection with manufacturing companies J. Furphy & Sons and Furphy Foundry are significant for being early Australian businesses that are still in operation today. Furphy carts are of military significance for the role they played during The Great War (1914-1918) in Australian army camps, and theatres of war in Europe and the Middle East, to supply the AIF troops with fresh water. A wooden framed, two-wheeled, horse-drawn cart, fitted with a horizontally mounted, cylindrical metal tank. The tank is made of rolled, sheet steel with a riveted seam, and cast iron ends with cast iron ends. The spoked metal wheels have fitted flat iron tyres and metal hubs. A metal pipe is joined to the outlet. The tank is silver coloured, the ends, wheels and trims are crimson, and the script lettering on tank sides is black. There are inscriptions on the tank, ends, and hubs. The water tank was made in 1942 in Shepparton, Australia, by J. Furphy & Sons and has a capacity of 180 gallons (848 litres). Hub perimeter, embossed “J. FURPHY & SONS” “KEEP THE / BOLTS TIGHT” Hub centre embossed [indecipherable] Tank, each side, painted “J. FURPHY & SONS / Makers / SHEPPARTON” Tank ends, embossed – “FURPHY’S FARM WATER CART” “BORN ABOUT 1880 – STILL ‘GOING STRONG’ 1942” “j. FURPHY & SONS / MAKERS / SHEPPARTON - VIC “ “S - - - - - L MANUFACTURERS” [SPECIAL] “SPIKE ROLLERS” “SINGLE TREES” “PLOUGH WHEELS” “IRON CASTINGS” “LAND GRADERS” “STEEL DELVERS” “CAST IRON PIG” “CHAIN YOKES” “GOOD – BETTER – BEST / NEVER LET IT REST / TILL YOUR GOOD IS BETTER / AND YOUR BETTER – BEST” Image [Stork carrying a baby] above shorthand, transcribed "Produce and populate or perish" Image [Furphy Pig Feeder] beside ‘Cast Iron Pig’ Shorthand, transcribed “"Water is the gift of God but beer and whiskey are concoctions of the Devil, come and have a drink of water"warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime museum, water cart, furphy cart, furphy tank, furphy farm water cart, furphy, john furphy, john furphy & sons, furphy foundry, kyneton, shepparton, mobile water tank, jinker, hutchinson & walker, blacksmith, farm equipment, implement maker, tool maker, horse drawn, stork and baby, good, better, best, barrel, tank, first world war, wwi, eastern front, gallipoli, j furphy & sons

A group of people on the Stawell-Halls Gap road on their way to an outing at the turn of the 19th century.access routes, jinker track, transport, horse drawn

The donor's grandfather had a dairy (Robertson) at Marysville, where he had a jinker dray and other types of machinery. The dairy operated c1880-c1950.This hub is representative of horse or bullock-drawn vehicles used for transporting heavy loads on local farms in the late 19th to early 20th centuries.Timber-turned hub of a jinker wheel. There are 16 oblong spoke holes. The hub was the central part of a large wheel which would have connected the wheel to the axle and held the spokes in place. The rectangular openings visible in the hub are where the spokes would have been inserted.jinker dray, dairy, marysville

LADIES PONY GIG – circa early 1900’s) The gig was built by T Rose, North Melbourne. Australian coachbuilders adopted American designs and modified these to suit local conditions, eg mudguards added for muddy country roads. As roads improved, lighter and faster designs were made. These gigs were more comfortable than the normal farm cart / town cart (see nearby butcher’s cart), as they were often sprung for comfort rather than carrying heavy weights. (Donated by: Ivan & Gwen Russell, who purchased it from the Hogan Family, Tatura, in 1998) Ivan & Gwen Russell purchased this jinker from the Hogan Family at Tatura in 1998 "The only information we have is that it was built by T. Rose, North Melbourne. As it is in the original Condition we would like to donate it to the Numurkah Historical society to be displayed for others to enjoy. Black-painted ladies jinker (pony gig), with rubber tyred wheels, light hickory shafts, patterned black upholstery on seatT Rose Buildergig, jinker, horse-drawn vehicle, russell

Jack for changing wheels on light horse-drawn wagons. Contoured Lever Handle with holding Ratchet

Also copy black and white 12.5 x 17.5 cm, original archivedBlack and white photograph mounted on heavy card, showing Barke's Store. The Lake Tyers mail wagon drawn by four horses is in front of the store, with four men and one woman passengers, two men dressed in suits behind the wagon, two men in shirt sleeves near the store, horse and jinker to left of picture, glimpse of Victoria House. retail trade, transport, animals, people, postal services

David Miller (Dave) Mair (1879-1938) married Lily Vipond Deakin (1890-1945) in 1910. They had 5 children: Geoffrey David (1913-1970), Beryl (1916-1976), Gwynneth (1917-1997), Isabel Lillian (1921-1997) and Shirley Inez (1928-1968). Personal communication from Laurie Newton, Beryl's daughter: Dave and Lily initially lived in East Melbourne after they married. Dave walked across the gardens to work at the MCG. He never drove or owned a car. Geoffrey, Beryl and Gwynneth were born in East Melbourne. They subsequently moved to Louise Avenue, Mont Albert and Isabel may have been born while they were there. Later they purchased 20 Barton Street, Mont Albert. Shirley was born after they moved to Barton Street. Electoral roll details: 1919 1922 24 Louise Avenue, Mont Albert 1924 20 Barton Street, Mont Albert Dave Mair was a very keen sportsman. This is part of a large donation of material from the Deakin, Mair and Young families. The Deakin, Mair and Young families had many connections with Mont Albert and Surrey Hills.A sepia photo of a woman and 2 girls in a jinker. They are all wearing brimmed hats as if going on an outing. Apart from a couple of straggly trees in the background along what may be a boundary or paddock fence, the surroundings look very bare.In blue biro: " Gwen / Beryl / Mrs Jarman / Derrinallum" Thought to be Beryl Mair's handwriting. Photographic process stamp "C 311" "KODAK PRINT" in black. beryl mair, gwen mair, mrs jarman, farms, children, horse-drawn vehicles

A black and white photograph of a horse and jinker / buggy standing in the street. There is a house in the background.c/- C. Hill / Donor / W. Dempsey / A.C. Hill / (undecipherable) / Arthur Hill / at 10 Pembroke St / Doll. 1918 These inscriptions are in grey lead pencil in 2 different hands: 1/ original hand (lighter): C/- C Hill; A C Hill (undecipherable); Doll 1918 2/ Jocelyn Hall's writing (darker): "Keep"; "Donor / W Dempsey"; "Arthur Hill / at 10 Pembroke St" AC Hill refers to Albert Clement Hill, the youngest son and youngest child in a family of 9 of William Valentine Hill and his wife Annie (nee Boak). William Valentine Hill had a brother Arthur Machen Hill. It is thought that Jocelyn Hall may have mistaken the identity of the A C Hill for A M Hill. hill family, jinker, land transport, carts and wagons, horse drawn vehicles, surrey hills, pembroke street, (mr) albert hill

Photographer notations on slide: "Unloading Timber at Wharves 1933 Age B5" Published: Age (Melbourne, Vic.: 1854- ), Tuesday 15 August 1933 MAHOGANY FROM MANILA. (1933, August 15). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), p. 11. Retrieved January 16, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article204377024 Published title: MAHOGANY FROM MANILA Published Caption: Age Tue 15 Aug 1933 Caption: Unloading Mahogany Logs brought from Manila, Philippine Islands, by the steamer Taiping, which berthed yesterday at Victoria Dock. The vessel discharged twenty logs, each weighing three tons, the first shipment of this type of timber landed in Melbourne. Research by Project Volunteer, Louise McKenzie: This photograph in many ways epitomises Melbourne in the 1930s. It is a time of enormous growth, development and change. But before delving into that, the photo itself is very powerful. The huge mahogany logs being unloaded appear to be so heavy that the ship itself seems to list to port as they are craned over the side. They are being levered into a cart to which two large and sturdy Clydesdale horses are hitched. In contrast to the traditional horses, the wharf is crisscrossed with modern railway tracks. Unloading is both mechanical and manual, and the scene is one of intense interest to a young boy bystander. The ship appears to be squat and solid, but the whole image also gives a feeling of movement and intensity. The mahogany being delivered to Melbourne would be intended for high quality furniture. In the 1930s Australia actually had a growing timber industry, but much of the eucalyptus wood was being utilised for mass produced furniture, and much of this furniture would then have had a veneer applied to it. The fact that it was economic to import this timber from the “Philippine Islands” – not a traditional trading market for Australia – reflects a Victorian economy that was strong enough to support a growing demand for good quality furniture Mahogany was described as a classic, strong hardwood, often used for dark opulent furniture. In the 1930s the importation of timber from Manila (Philippines) to Australia was a notable trade, particularly in Philippine Lauan (often referred to as Philippine Mahogany), which was used as a cheaper alternative to other hardwoods. 1930s furniture, dominated by the art deco style, used a mix of luxurious exotic woods like mahogany, macassar and ebony for high-end pieces, often veneered over less expensive woods such as walnut, birch and poplar, and with plywood, chrome and lacquer also popular for more practical, streamlined designs during the Depression era. By the mid 1930s timber mills were being relocated away from the immediate dock area, but the fact that these logs were being transported by horse-drawn cart implies that the load would not have had to be taken too far for milling. 1885 the Melbourne Harbour Trust Commissioners had decided that land in or near the city was far too valuable to be used as timber yards. Furthermore, large stacks of timber posed a fire risk. The Trust asked the Victorian Government to reserve a site on the east side of the Yarra River opposite Yarraville and Spotswood. Here, in 1889, the Trust began building six jetties and a wharf specifically for the landing of timber. Clydesdale horses were initially brought to Victoria from Tasmania in the 1830s, and with the 1850s gold rush they were imported direct from Scotland. Melbourne was from its earliest years an important centre of horse-breeding from both imported and colonial-bred stock, providing the well-built draught horse for pulling heavily loaded wagons, the harness horse for delivery work and drawing coaches, and the saddle-horse used for riding. Stud breeding facilities were advertised from the early 1840s. By the 1870s the horse export trade was thriving, and the Port of Melbourne was the country's busiest exporter of horses to Indian, Asian and New Zealand markets. Kirk's Melbourne Horse and Carriage Bazaar in Bourke Street first advertised for business in 1840, and by the 1850s Bourke Street West was famed for its horse bazaars and saleyards. The Victorian Clydesdale Horse Society reports that Clydesdale working horses were a vital part of Melbourne's infrastructure and agricultural industry in the 1930s, when they reached the peak of their popularity despite the increasing competition from mechanization. Their main roles and usage at this time were: • City Delivery: Clydesdales were a common sight for metropolitan deliveries, particularly for breweries (such as Carlton & United Breweries), milk runs, and bread deliveries. • Industrial Work: They were heavily used for hauling cargo at the docks, in construction, and at specialized sites like the Truganina Explosives Reserve, where they pulled wagons. • Agriculture: In surrounding rural areas, they were the primary power source for ploughing and agricultural machinery. • Specialization: By the 1930s, the Clydesdale was smaller and more compact than the Shire or Percheron breeds, making them ideal for navigation in urban environments. After the 1930s their numbers decreased due to the onset of WWI and mechanisation. Wartime petrol rationing led to a brief revival for the working horse, as suburban tradesmen, now used to motor delivery, took their old jinkers out of mothballs. By 1947, however, only 1.5% of city traffic was horse-drawn. In 1952 the large horse cartage company A. Kellet Pty Ltd sold its 250 horses and converted its Richmond stables to storage. In the 1950s at Station and Princes piers, wharf labourers refused to work with the six draught horses still being used to haul trolleys and which were soon superseded by the fork lift, semi-trailer and mobile crane. Where carefully trained horses had once shunted trains in city goods yards, a few hundred a week were now being killed at the abattoirs for pet and human consumption. The last MCC dray horse was withdrawn from service in 1958, but some of the few remaining working animals are used by the mounted police for crowd control at demonstrations and football games. The death knell had also sounded for the associated trades of farrier, saddler and blacksmith. Our photo, therefore, showing the wharf with both the haulage Clydesdales and the rail lines, is a strong visual summary of the social and economic changes experienced in Victoria in the 1930s and on towards the 1950s. Our photo is located at Victoria Dock (also known as Victoria Harbour) which is still an active component of Melbourne’s port system. In 1892 the West Melbourne Dock (later Victoria Dock) was opened, downstream and immediately west of the Spencer Street railway shunting yards. It contained a swing basin for ships, replacing the one which had been provided on the south side of the river, later to be the Duke and Orr dry dock, west of the Charles Grimes Bridge. Further west was the South Wharf along the river bank. The history of Victoria Dock is extremely well described by Ashley Smith in his 2 March 2022 article in Docklands News, and its accompanying aerial photo of the Dock taken in 1934. He writes: "In the early 1930s Victoria Dock was one of the biggest sites for trade and export in Melbourne. A constant queue of ships sailed in, unloaded their cargo, recharged and reloaded, then left for the next port. Around the time this photo was taken (found in a 1934 photo book), the trapezium-shaped basin had been through some changes since its construction in the 1890s. The 497-metre-long Central Pier, finished in 1919, now featured six sheds to house the ever-increasing volume of cargo. The entrance had also been widened in the 1920s to allow better access. Some of the berths featured three-ton jib electric cranes to help with loading cargo and a rail network connected to the State Railway service. By the time construction was completed, the dock was 39 hectares and hailed as the second-largest dock in the world (behind Cavendish Dock, Barrow-in-Furness). To further save costs, excavations were dug to a more reasonable seven metres below low water, instead of British engineer Sir John Coode’s recommended 8.3 metres. Even then, the costs were still around £900,000. It was envisaged, with the extra wharfage, that around thirty 90-metre ships could berth inside. On March 22, 1892, Victoria Dock was opened by Victoria’s Governor, the Earl of Hopetoun (later Australia’s first Governor-General) who opened the sluice to let the Yarra in. It took six days to fill the basin with The Leader newspaper estimating that it would take another six months to completely fill (March 26, 1892). In the end, it took nearly a year before the first ship was allowed to enter on February 20, 1893, when the steamer Hubbuck sailed in to unload 1200 tonnes of cargo in 15 hours. The Argus (February 23, 1893) reported that the ship’s captain, J. R. Brodie, called the Yarra “better than the Thames”, and compared Victoria Dock favourably to the Albert Dock (Liverpool)." This would be a good time to move our focus on to the Taiping, which is the transporter of these giant mahogany logs. The Taiping was a steel-hulled, single-screw passenger-cargo Chinese steamer, which today has the dubious legacy of being involved in a collision headlined as “The Chinese Titanic”. It was constructed by the Hong Kong and Shampoa Dock Company at its facility in Hong Kong, with completion in 1926 for service under the Australia Oriental Line. Her gross register tonnage measured 4,324 tons, reflecting her design for inter-island and coastal trade routes, accommodating both passengers and freight. She operated routes connecting Australian ports with East Asian destinations. As World War II approached, Taiping continued predominantly working the trade routes between China and Australia, until December 1941, when she evacuated women and children from Hong Kong to Manila just before Japanese forces overran the region. She then safely reached Australia despite enemy air raids. Taiping was then requisitioned by the Royal Navy and repurposed as a victualling stores issuing ship for the Eastern Fleet, supporting logistical needs in the Pacific and Indian oceans. Returned to the Australian Oriental Line in 1947, she underwent refitting and by mid-1948 was chartered to the Shanghai Shipping Company, and modified for greater passenger accommodation – approximately 500 passengers. In 1948/49 the Chinese Civil War took place. The Taiping departed Shanghai on 26 January 1949 as one of the final vessels evacuating civilians from to Keelung Harbour in Taiwan. Reports indicate that the Taiping carried double the rated capacity of passengers i.e. 1000. The ship carried families, military personnel, civilians, carrying personal belongings, gold and valuables in hope of resettlement in Nationalist Taiwan. It also held heavy cargo in the form of silver and gold bullion loaded by the Central Bank of China. Because of the risk of patrols, and to conserve fuel, the Captain took the ship away from the usual open-sea passage, and instead navigated along the coast. He also extinguished navigation lights to avoid detection. Shortly after midnight on 27 January 1949 the Taiping collided with the smaller cargo steamer Chien Yuan in the East China Sea near the Zhoushan Archipelago. The Chien Yuan was also operating in darkness. The subsequent collision was catastrophic. The Chien Yuan sank with in 5 minutes, with the loss of 72 of its 74 crew. The Taiping sustained severe structural compromise from the broadside strike and initially remained afloat, then made a swift descent into the freezing water, with no attempt at an organised evacuation. No formal recovery process was instigated, however a distress signal went out. 32 survivors were picked up by the Australian destroyer HMAS Warramunga (on patrol nearby), a passing US vessel found 2 more, and local Zhoushan fishermen retrieved others. In the end, only 37 people survived. The event is remembered as a poignant moment in the mass migration to Taiwan, with families tragically separated. A memorial to the disaster exists at the Keelung Harbour naval base on Taiwan. With its total of over 1,500 deaths, it constituted one of the worst peacetime maritime losses. It is sometimes referred to as the “Oriental Titanic” because of the similarly large loss of life and speed of demise with the RMS Titanic in 1912. A fictional depiction of this event appears in the John Woo movies “The Crossing (Part 1) (2014), and The Crossing II (2015), known in Chinese as “Taiping Wheel”. The narrative weaves a story around pre-disaster romances and wartime turmoil among passengers, culminating in the ship’s rapid sinking. “The production, a high-budget Sino-Taiwanese-Hong Kong co-effort, portrays the event as a microcosm of the 1940s Sino-Japanese and civil war legacies, though critics noted the melodramatic style prioritizing spectacle over historical precision.” In conclusion, it is nice to return to our photo, and observe the people involved in this moment. The dockworkers are, so typical of the 1930s, dressed in what looks to us like formal clothing – dark suits or coats, white shirts, and black hats. I am particularly drawn to the young boy, bare-headed, arms crossed, and so intent on the unloading process. He too is wearing a white shirt, black trousers and jacket, and black shoes. This is 1933 Melbourne – but the haircut he is sporting is now very “hipster” and modern in 2026 Melbourne. References: MAHOGANY FROM MANILA. (1933, August 15). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), p. 11. Retrieved January 30, 2026, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article204377024 Wikipedia, Taiping steamer, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiping_(steamer) Wikipedia, Victoria Dock, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_Dock_(Melbourne) Docklands News, Ashley Smith, 2 Mar 2022, https://www.docklandsnews.com.au/victoria-dock/ Living Histories: Heritage Council of Victoria, Jill Barnard, 2008, Jetties and Piers, https://livinghistories.net.au/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Jetties-ONL-intro_Part-1.pdf eMelbourne, Wharves and Docks, https://www.emelbourne.net.au/biogs/EM01612b.htm Australian Academy of Technological Sciences – Harvesting Wood, https://www.austehc.unimelb.edu.au/tia/225.html Old Treasury Building, On the Water – The Docks, https://tinyurl.com/3wkbk66m Old Treasury Building, On The Road, https://tinyurl.com/dw44yr3t Port of Melbourne, Victorian Places, https://www.victorianplaces.com.au/port-of-melbourne Docklands Heritage Study - Environmental History, https://mvga-prod-files.s3.ap-southeast-4.amazonaws.com/public/2024-05/docklands-heritage-review-thematic-environmental-history-1991.pdf eMelbourne, Horses, https://www.emelbourne.net.au/biogs/EM00723b.htm Victorian Clydesdale Horse Society, https://www.clydesdalesvic.org.au/history The Crossing, https://letterboxd.com/film/the-crossing-i/Photographer notations on slide: "Unloading Timber at Wharves 1933 Age B5"ships, shipping, timber industry, shipwrecks, horses, docks, wharves, 1930-1939, wars, docklands