The book consists of short poems each illustrated and each about bachelorsSense of humour regarding the state of bachelors in 1943.Small book with hard light brown cover. The title and author's name are printed in black with the picture in green of a glass of champagne between the title and author. The book is bound and has 92 pages. Dated: 1943poetry

Copy from Mrs Jessie Williams' scrapbook of articles in 'The Sun' from the early 1940's announcing the names of men killed or missing in action during World War II including Flying Officer F.R. Tickle, Private John Dalley and Sgt Pilot Stan Hattersley.Copy from Mrs Jessie Williams' scrapbook of articles in 'The Sun' from the early 1940's announcing the names of men killed or missing in action during World War II world war 1939 - 1945, tickle, f. r., dalley, john power, hattersley, stan, williams, jessie

Coloured photograph of Blackburn War Memorial in Morton Park, Centre Road, Blackburn. Part of the description of Blackburn & Mitcham War Memorials prepared by Ted Arrowsmith for inclusion in War Memorials of Australia data base. See ND4383war memorial, blackburn, morton park blackburn, arrowsmith, ted, war memorials in australia database, draeger c.n., farrelly m., geal a., geal g., gurdon e., hurter e.c.t., lawson a.j., mills t., oêhara r.j, pither f.h., rolfe l.f.w., sheenan, a. c., smith e.r., scott r., stockfield g.r., stockfield f.h, welch e.w., youlden c., cooper grev., cox f.b., dalley john power, gregson f., johnson w.g., mills t.g., maxfield, c. g., newman j.e., reddick n.a., ryder e.v., wells g.s., stirling d.h.

Display panel made for the 2018 exhibition in the Port Melbourne Town Hall to celebrate 25 years since the founding of the Port Melbourne Historical & Preservation Society in 1993. Top row L to R - Perce MAGUIRE-WHITE (Founding member): Wendy MORRIS (Founding member): Terry KEENAN (Founding member): John MAY (Founding member): Susan REIDY (Founding member): Jim POWER (Founding member): Margaret BRIDE (Founding member): Graham BRIDE (Founding member): Anne CALLAGHAN (Founding member) : Glen STUART (Founding member): Lorraine HALL (Founding member): 2nd row L - R - Heather WALE (Founding member): Pat GRAINGER: Nicholas CREE: Ron STRANKS 3rd row L - R Bob GARDINER: Barbara GARDINER: John WRIGHT: Liana THOMPSON: 4th row L - R - David THOMPSON: Glen COSHAM: Sherrie ANTONIO: Greg HANSEN: 5th row L - R - Suzy MILLBURN: Janet BOLITHO: Maree CHALMERS: Maralyn KOBELT: 6th row L - R - Ann GIBSON: Jack BOLT: Helen BARRY: Virginia SNELL: 7th row L - R - : Marilyn ALLPORT: Max ALLPORT: Robyn CLINCH: Allan MIERS: 8th row L - R - ?: Jan SOLDATOS: Vera WHITE : Peter LOGAN: 9th row L - R - Dorothy OLIVE: Eddie BUSUTTIL: Chris PIPER: George TSINGOS: 10th row L - R - Fiona MCCONNELL: John KIRBY: Phil KING: Rebecca MOORE: 11th row L - R - ? : Steve TSERKEZIDIS: Sue LEONG: Bernadene VOSS: Ann-Marie RICHARDSON: John LACK: Val POWER: Emma TEASDALE: Christine GRIFFITHS: Ray JELLEY: Beris CAMPBELL.Display poster with colour photographs of a selection of members surrounding a text panelcelebrations fetes and exhibitions, perce maguire-white, wendy morris, terry keenan, john may, susan reidy, jim power, margaret bride, graham bride, anne callaghan, glen stuart, lorraine hall, heather wale, pat grainger, nicholas cree, ron stranks, bob gardiner, barbara gardiner, john wright, liana thompson, david thompson, glen cosham, sherrie antonio, greg hansen, suzy millburn, janet bolitho, maree chalmers, "thirst aid" kiosk, maralyn kobelt, ann gibson, jack bolt, helen barry, virginia snell, marilyn allport, max allport, robyn clinch, allan miers, jan soldatos nee harris, vera white, peter logan, dorothy olive, eddie busuttil, chris piper, george tsingos, fiona mcconnell, john kirby, phil king, rebecca moore, arts and entertainment - community arts, 'spud' manners, steve tserkezidis, sue leong, bernadene voss, ann-marie richardon, 'arms' armstrong, john lack, val power, emma teasdale, christine griffiths, beris campbell

Members at the 75th anniversary dinner, Heidelberg Golf Club, held on 16 August 2003. Marie Power and John Power.From a collection of professional photographs taken at the Heidelberg Golf Club's 75th anniversary celebrations in 2003Colour photograph in photo album 75th anniversary celebrations, hgc members

Businesses, Eltham, Eltham Physiotherapy & Sports Injuries, Main Roadmain road, eltham, property, shops, businesses, russell yeoman, jim connor, eltham district historical society, plenty river, old eltham road, kangaroo ground, nillumbik council, barry rochford, main road eltham, luck street eltham, aladdin antiques montmorency, main road eltham roundabout, steven white, geoff glynn, michael murray, harold herd, enver camdal, helen bodycomb, rhonda noble, jeph neale, chris marks, john brumby, andrew haermeyer, sherryl garbutt, eltham shopping centre, eltham chamber of commerce and industry, norman williams, pat power, john graves, wattletree road eltham, bolton street eltham

Stirrups belonging to Constable John James Power of the Victorian Mounted Police, who served at Buninyong between 1893 and 1900.Historically significant as an item of equipment issued to Victorian mounted police in the colonial eraPair of nicklesilver stirrips issued to Victorian police in colonial Victoria. Engraved with number "4105"police, law and order, horses, power j.j., buninyong

POWER JOHN HENRY : Service Number - VX41660 : Date of birth - 30 Jun 1902 : Place of birth - BALLARAT VIC : Place of enlistment - CAULFIELD VIC : Next of Kin - POWER MABELLetter card postmarked AIRFIELD 17 13 th Dec. 1944 with words "On active service" across top. Letter from Pte. J.H. Power. VX 41660 2/29 Btn. A Company A.I.F.Adressed to Mr.Ian Clark see Image d/00100a and d/0100bmaylaya, letter, card

Black and white photograph of the Power family showing parents Henry and Mabel with children Dorothy, Mabel, Henry, Winnifred, Richard, John and Grace. The Power family once lived at Lakes Entrance Victoriagenealogy

Carol Porter’s artwork Don’t get mad, get elected! features a woman towering over Parliament House in Canberra. Below her, tiny suit-clad politicians run screaming as she holds one of their colleagues upside-down, and another tumbles from her grasp. The look on her face is cool and determined; it is a reversal of the more common horror poster trope of ‘damsel in distress’. Porter says of the work: ‘It was tapping into the fact that women should get into power and make a difference’. Porter is a contemporary political cartoonist and poster artist who has worked out of Melbourne since the 1970s. She uses humour in her social commentary on various Australian issues and is well known for the prints she produced at RedPlanet – the alternative poster press inspired by an anti-elitist mission to reconnect art with communities. The poster was commissioned by the Victorian Women’s Trust. It first appeared on Melbourne billboards in 1997, a year after the federal election that swept John Howard to power.Donated by the artist

Set of 6 newspaper cuttings about the redevelopment of the site to apartments and the Hawthorn Tram Museum Depot. .1 - The Age - 8 Jan. 2000 - "Tram theme to stay at apartment complex" - announcing the redevelopment and plans for the redevelopment of Hawthorn tram depot. Includes architects impressions. Article by Victoria Gurvich. .2 -The Age - 14/1/2000 - letter to the Editor by Peter Moon - "Tram plan: too big and too ugly". .3 - Press - 21/2/2000 - "Trams on track for 498 years, Depot housing in line with history" - with photo of Mike Ryan and Matt Faubel (old photo) - article by Laeta Antonysen. .4 - ditto - "Outcry over historic site" and "Developers asked for another aspect" .5 - Progress Press - 6/3/2000 - letter re the redevelopment from John Santoro or Power St Hawthorn. .6 - Progress Press - 7/8/2000 - "Green light for tram depot apartments" - about the City of Boroondara issuing the planning permit.trams, tramways, hawthorn tram depot, tram museum, museums, minister for transport, city of boroondara

The Institution of Electrical Engineers (IEE) was established on 17 May 1871. The first meeting took place at 2 Westminster Chambers, Victoria Street SW. Those present were Wildman Whitehouse, Capt P.H. Colomb, Maj. R.E. Stotherd, Louis Loeffler, Capt Weber, Capt Malcolm, Robert Sabine, Frank Bolton. Gold paper covered magazine with black print. 239 pages including numerous advertisements. Articles of this centenary edition include: A Human Entity (Lord Nelson of Stafford), Yesterday's Men - providing for tomorrow ((A.G. Woodruff), A century of Development in the Supply Industry (Stanley Brown), British Broadcasting and the IEE (J. Redmond), Telecommunications - the grassroots of the IEE (R.J. Halsey), Engineers, physicists and mathematicians (J.A. Ratcliffe), The IEE Wiring regulations (E.E. Hutchings). The IEE and education (John Brown), Electrical Engineering today and tomorrow. Images include Oliver Lodge, James Maxwell, Crookes shadow tube, Deptford Power Station, John Hopkinson, Marconi, William Thomson, Oliver Heaviside, experimental 3-phase, Belling Modernette, Savoy Hill, power lines, Brighton Power Station, BBC Television Centre London, mobile telegraph office.generators, institution of electrical engineers, iee, wildman whitehouse, ph colomb, re stotherd, louis loeffler, robert sabine, frank bolton, multimeter, power units, oscilloscope, bell and howell

Following the founding meeting of the Mayo Tenants Defence Association in Castlebar, County Mayo on 26 October 1878 the demand for The Land of Ireland for the people of Ireland was reported in the Connaught Telegraph 2 November 1878. The first of many "monster meetings" of tenant farmers was held in Irishtown near Claremorris on 20 April 1879, with an estimated turnout of 15,000 to 20,000 people. This meeting was addressed by James Daly (who presided), John O'Connor Power, John Ferguson, Thomas Brennan, and J. J. Louden. The Connaught Telegraph's report of the meeting in its edition of 26 April 1879 began: Since the days of O'Connell a larger public demonstration has not been witnessed than that of Sunday last. About 1 o'clock the monster procession started from Claremorris, headed by several thousand men on foot – the men of each district wearing a laural leaf or green ribbon in hat or coat to distinguish the several contingents. At 11 o'clock a monster contingent of tenant-farmers on horseback drew up in front of Hughes's hotel, showing discipline and order that a cavalry regiment might feel proud of. They were led on in sections, each having a marshal who kept his troops well in hand. Messrs. P.W. Nally, J.W. Nally, H. French, and M. Griffin, wearing green and gold sashes, led on their different sections, who rode two deep, occupying, at least, over an Irish mile of the road. Next followed a train of carriages, brakes, cares, etc. led on by Mr. Martin Hughes, the spirited hotel proprietor, driving a pair of rare black ponies to a phæton, taking Messrs. J.J. Louden and J. Daly. Next came Messrs. O'Connor, J. Ferguson, and Thomas Brennan in a covered carriage, followed by at least 500 vehicles from the neighbouring towns. On passing through Ballindine the sight was truly imposing, the endless train directing its course to Irishtown – a neat little hamlet on the boundaries of Mayo, Roscommon, and Galway. Evolving out of this a number of local land league organisations were set up to work against the excessive rents being demanded by landlords all over Ireland, but especially in Mayo and surrounding counties. From 1874 agricultural prices in Europe had dropped, followed by some bad harvests due to wet weather during the Long Depression. The effect by 1878 was that many Irish farmers were unable to pay the rents that they had agreed, particularly in the poorer and wetter parts of Connacht. The localised 1879 Famine added to the misery. Unlike other parts of Europe the Irish land tenure system was inflexible in times of hardship. (Wikipedia) The Irish National Land League was founded at the Imperial Hotel in Castlebar, the County town of Mayo, on 21 October 1879. At that meeting Charles Stewart Parnell was elected president of the league. Andrew Kettle, Michael Davitt, and Thomas Brennan were appointed as honorary secretaries. This united practically all the different strands of land agitation and tenant rights movements under a single organisation. Michael Davitt Founder of the Land League The two aims of the Land League, as stated in the resolutions adopted in the meeting, were: ...first, to bring out a reduction of rack-rents; second, to facilitate the obtaining of the ownership of the soil by the occupiers. That the object of the League can be best attained by promoting organisation among the tenant-farmers; by defending those who may be threatened with eviction for refusing to pay unjust rents; by facilitating the working of the Bright clauses of the Irish Land Act during the winter; and by obtaining such reforms in the laws relating to land as will enable every tenant to become owner of his holding by paying a fair rent for a limited number of years. (Wikipedia)Image of a man with a moustache. He is T. Brennan.ballarat irish, brennan, thomas brennan, irish land act, rent

An Irish barrister, politician, Member of Parliament (M.P.), and the founder and first leader of a number of Irish nationalist parties and organisations, including the Irish Metropolitan Conservative Society in 1836, the Home Government Association in 1870 and in 1873 the Home Rule League. (Wikipedia) After being called to the bar in 1838, Butt quickly established a name for himself as a brilliant barrister. He was known for his opposition to the Irish nationalist leader Daniel O'Connell's campaign for the repeal of the Act of Union.[4] He also lectured at Trinity College, Dublin, in political economy. His experiences during the Great Famine led him to move from being an Irish unionist and an Orangeman[5] to supporting a federal political system for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland that would give Ireland a greater degree of self-rule. This led to his involvement in Irish nationalist politics and the foundation of the Home Rule League. Butt was instrumental in fostering links between Constitutional and Revolutionary nationalism through his representation of members of the Fenians Society in court. (Wikipedia) He began his career as a Tory politician on Dublin Corporation. He was Member of Parliament for Youghal from 1852 to 1865, and for Limerick from 1871 to 1879 (at the 1852 general election he had also been elected for the English constituency of Harwich, but chose to sit for Youghal). The failed Fenian Rising in 1867 strengthened Butt's belief that a federal system was the only way to break the dreary cycle of inefficient administration punctuated by incompetent uprisings.[6] In 1870 he founded the Irish Home Government Association. This was in no sense a revolutionary organisation. It was designed to mobilise public opinion behind the demand for an Irish parliament, with, as he put it, "full control over our domestic affairs."[6] He believed that Home Rule would promote friendship between Ireland and her neighbour to the east. In November 1873 Butt replaced the Association with a new body, the Home Rule League, which he regarded as a pressure-group, rather than a political party. In the General Election the following year, 59 of its members were elected. However, most of those elected were men of property who were closer to the Liberal cause.[7] In the meantime Charles Stewart Parnell had joined the League, with more radical ideas than most of the incumbent Home Rulers, and was elected to Parliament in a by-election in County Meath in 1875.[8] Butt had failed to win substantial concessions at Westminster on the things that mattered to most Irish people: an amnesty for the Fenians of '67, fixity of tenure for tenant-farmers and Home Rule. Although they worked to get Home Rulers elected, many Fenians along with tenant farmers were dissatisfied with Butt's gentlemanly approach to have bills enacted, although they did not openly attack him, as his defence of the Fenian prisoners in '67 still stood in his favour.[9] However, soon a Belfast Home Ruler, Joseph Gillis Biggar (then a senior member of the IRB), began making extensive use of the ungentlemanly tactic of "obstructionism" to prevent bills being passed by the house. When Parnell entered Parliament he took his cue from John O'Connor Power and Joseph Biggar and allied himself with those Irish members who would support him in his obstructionist campaign. MPs at that time could stand up and talk for as long as they wished on any subject. This caused havoc in Parliament. In one case they talked for 45 hours non-stop, stopping any important bills from being passed. Butt, ageing, and in failing health, could not keep up with this tactic and considered it counter-productive. In July 1877 Butt threatened to resign from the party if obstruction continued, and a gulf developed between himself and Parnell, who was growing steadily in the estimation of both the Fenians and the Home Rulers.[10] The climax came in December 1878, when Parliament was recalled to discuss the war in Afghanistan. Butt considered this discussion too important to the British Empire to be interrupted by obstructionism and publicly warned the Irish members to refrain from this tactic. He was fiercely denounced by the young Nationalist John Dillon, who continued his attacks with considerable support from other Home Rulers at a meeting of the Home Rule League in February 1879. Although he defended himself with dignity, Butt, and all and sundry, knew that his role in the party was at an end.[11] Butt, who had been suffering from bronchitis, had a stroke the following May and died within a week. He was replaced by William Shaw, who in turn was replaced by Charles Stewart Parnell in 1880. (Wikipedia)Image of a man known as Isaac Butt.

The University of Ballarat in 1998 comprised the Mt Helen Campus, SMB (Ballarat School of Mines) Campus and the Horsham Campus. It's current name is Federation University Australia. In 1998 Everyone@UB was a monthly staff newsletter edited by Peter Baird in consultation with Don Moconachie.A series of monthly bulletins covering all University of Ballarat campuses. .1) University merger, John Bailey, Michael Adermann, Vice-Chancellor, Jenny Nemeth, Katherine Birkin, Rowena Coutts, Ballarat Technology Park, Ron Wild .2) Chancellor appointment, Chancellor retirement, Geoffrey Blainey tribute, David Caro, Katherine Birkin, Arno Besse, George Murdoch, Bullarook, Stephen Kemmus, Neville French, ceramics, Tristan Smith, Horsham, Arnhem Land film, Ararat, Kerry Cox, anorexia, salary packages, University of Ballarat Brass Band, Natalie Radomski, becoming a university. Images: Geoffrey Blainey, David Caro, David James, Katherine Birkin, Arno Besse, George Murdoch, Geoffrey Blainey, Stephen Kemmis, Neville French, John Ackland, Richard Jardine, Glen Auld, Dennis Arne, Andrew Kotsonis, Kerry Cox, Suzanne McLaren, Marcia Pope, Rosemary Green, Leonie Otago, Natalie Rodomski .5) October 1998 - Carolyn Taylor, misogyny, Horsham campus building under construction, David Caro, Miranda Kerr, Martin Westbrook, Iain Reid, virtual monitors, teaching practice, Joanne Knight, John Pidgeon, Sally Buckland, arsenic, Ian Rae, Bob Allan, Patricia Cartwright, Matthew Baker, Sundru Sivamalai, Janine Smith, Pat Mann, International Student Market Research, Steve Mennen, Copyright, internet to the outback, Charters Towers, Engineering students, Darryl Dyason, Andrew McDougall, Dianne Jacono, Ross Morgan, Keith Boast, Cranbrook Academy of Art (Detroit), Helmut Stenzel, Mt Helen vegetation, Jan Bedggood, Ann-Maree Haintz, Kathleen Lakey, Adrienne Ryan, Fiona Schmidt. .11) Phil Candy, flexible learning, strategic planning. .12) diving, Reconciliation, Learning City, Student residence, Alex Rubinov, Graduate Centre, Ceramics, horse, Wimmera, tree regeneration, student poverty, UB museum, David Manterfeild, Heather Hatfeild. Redundancy, video conferencing Images: Steve Matthews, Craig Holloway, Peter Pilven, Sneha Kirubakaran, Phil Honeywood, Kerry Cox, David Manterfield, Martin Westbrooke, Ram Karan, Barry Jones, Gael Ramsay, Jenny Hargave, Heather Hatfield. .16) Jeff Kennett, Honorary Doctorate, Technology Park, Mary Atkinson, Ian Wright, Internet, Disability Action Plan, Robert Munt obituary, Sandra Stepcich obituary, Virginia Fenwlon, East Timor, Centre for Environmental Management, Wayne Jolly, 130th anniversary, Craig Hurley, Barry Wemyss, John Murray, Tori Power, Grant Curnow. Images: Vivienne Witwer, Claire Hetherington, Ian Wright, Virginia Fenelin .17) Broadband, AARNet, David James Retirement, wetlands, Debbie Eagles, Centre for Rural and Regional Health, numeracy, nursing, Sue Turale, Max Palmer, Camp Street, Arts Academy, library, SMB scholarship, Landcare, Mallee pipeline, Verna Barry, Alice Mills, Marian Brown, .18) Fiji, Texans, Greenhill, Robert Whitson, Ian Clark, Abororiginal history, Yuille St, Peter Baird, Martin Westrbrook, Robert Allen, Arts Academy, John McGrath, Phil Ruglen, 3BBB, John Ferrier .21) Beverley. Lassiter, Vice-ChAncellor appointment, Kerry Cox, Craig Hurley, Barry Wemyss, Ceramics, Bill Pryor, University Games, Olympics, Broken Hill, Alex Rubinov, Jonathan Halls, Dare to be different, Wayne Muir, Student Union Refit. Images: Wayne Muir, Alex Ruminov, Kerry Cox .22) December 2000 - nursing, David James, Phil Candy, John McLean, Debbie Eagles, brewery, brewing, Meredith Sussex, Lyn Faneco, TAFE,Joy Nunn, ARC, mosaics, Timor, Alfredo Pires, Centre for Rural and Regional Health, diabetes, kangaroos, Murray-Darling, Leagher Homestead, David Welch, Joy Nunn, Jill Blee, Maryanne Coutts, positive discrimination, Theresa Saunders, Imelda Crebbin .23) March 2001 - Nancy Lange, Paul Lambeth, Yvonne Button, Don Pennell, Natalie Radomski, Marcia Pope, McKinnon Walker, Marc Brodie, TAFE, WorldSkills, Horticulture, Ararat, Website, library, Leeanne Pitman, Liz Hartmann, nursing, Miranda Walker, Ciaran Pier, Anxiety Disorders, volcano, brewing, beer, Peter Aldred, Rob Greig, Jeremy Smith, Alice Mills, Geoff Burgess, .24) May 2001 - Graduations, Talia Venn, Stephen Carthew, Honory Doctorate, Steve Monaghetti, Heather Moore, Brendan O'Brien, Bill Pryr, Terry O'Brien, Carole Wilson, Carolyn Taylor, rape law reform, Federation at the Ballarat School of Mines, Work Skills, Debbie Eagles, Sue Purtle, Longerenong, Mohair, Early Childhood, Horsham, Kerry Cox, Willy Hobbs, David Firth, Kim Durban, BAPA, maryanne Coutts, Ewen McDonald, butterflys, Fukuoaka INstitute of Technology, Jane Wilkinson .25) Wayne Robinson, Neil McAdam retirement, Anne Beggs Sunter, nursing, Eileen Sellers, Hannelore Best, international nursing, Francis Adams, copyright, Roy Taylor, Wendy Bolger, unplugged, Horsham, Robert Irvine, Horsham graduations, Anxiety Clinic, Carole Wilson, Heart Mat, University of Ballarat Mission, Diabetes, Emelia Martinez-Brawley. Images include Wayne Robinson, Anne Beggs Sunter, Eileen Sellers, Hannelore Best, Phil Candy. Meg Tasker, Roy Taylor, Wendy Bolger, Robert Irvine, Angus McLachlan, Roger Castleman, Stephen Roberts, Philip Smith, Bob Allen, Rob Greig, Dennis Jeandet, Carole Wilson, Doug Lloyduniversity of ballarat, ballarat school of mines, wetland, broadband, david janes, smb, kennett, leadership, eagles, centre for rural and regional health, microwave, turale, arts academy, camp street, library, landcare, mallee, mallee pipeline, barry, verna barry, mills, brown, palmer, caro, geoffrey blainey, blainey, birkin, besse, kemmis, adermann, ackland, jardine, auld, mclaren, pope, green, otago, radomski, honorary doctorate, munt, stepcich, wemyss, rubinov, muir, everyone@ub, robinson, horsham, stawell, ararat, fukuoaka, taylor, moneghetti, coutt, hatfeild, westbrooke, karan, bailey, james, nemeth, wild, de bono, texas, sharpam, fiji, clark, ruyg, kropp, sugget, baird, allen, westbrook, rural health, stacpoole, mcgrath, ruglen, ferrier, manterfield, pilven, michael adermann, tafe, mount helen vegetation, dennis arne

The photo from 1907-8 is a sepia print, depicting a small valley with building at base. There are flumes visible above areas of water, trees on hills and a few small cottages on the hillside. Cock's Pioneer Gold & Tin Sluicing Co NZ No 2 Site. The photo was taken of Matthews Gully looking west. Sluicing was undertaken in the area from 1900 to 1942 with some short breaks between these periods. The image depicts a location mined by Cocks Pioneer Gold and Tin Sluicing Company (as recorded on the annotation on the card mount) The Cocks Pioneer Gold and Tin Mines N.L was one of El Dorado's two largest open cut sluicing mines of the 20th Century. The other was named the Cocks El Dorado Gold Dredging Company. The Cocks Pioneer Mines operated from 1901 until 1941 and found a total of 117,378 ounces of Gold and 1,673 tones of tin concentrates over these years. The Cocks company was formed in 1898 and operated until 1941. Open cut sluicing involved the use of high-powered hoses which used the centrifugal sand pump system (known as hydraulic sluicing) which broke down the soil which was then processed for gold and other precious metals. From 1914 , four years after this image was captured, the company reformed to Cocks Pioneer Gold and Tin Mines NL (previously it was known as Cocks Pioneer Sluicing Co) and undertook large scale sluicing operations until 1929 and then 1934-1941. El Dorado is located on Reedy Creek and is surrounded by forested country to the north and east. It is 20 km east of Wangaratta in Victoria's regional north-east. John Cock was the son of a Cornish minor who arrived in El Dorado in 1858. Cock founded his gold and tin mining company which ran successfully for many years in the El Dorado region. It was an open cut sluicing company because of the abandonment of underground mining after this was deemed too dangerous. In 1935 Cock's El Dorado Company commissioned the floating dredge which is still visible in El Dorado today. The dredge was built by the Thompson engineering works, Castlemaine, and weighed over 2,000 tones and today has a place on the Victorian Registers of historic buildings. Interestingly, the name El Dorado does not derive from the gold in the region, but from the Barambogie pastoral run completed by William Baker in 1840-1841. Gold was discovered in El Dorado 1854 but the gold was too deep for individual prospectors to find, it required the use of heavy machinery.The search for gold is ingrained into the history of Victoria and therefore, images like this one which portray an open cut sluicing site can reveal important information for society and technology for the date when the photograph was taken. This image is of important historical significance for its ability to convey information about sluicing and the methods used to find gold in 1910. It also shows a location where sluicing was undertook which provides insight into the impact of sluicing on the environment at a time when it was done. This image is important for current research into the history of El Dorado, a small regional location near Wangaratta in Victoria's North East. Therefore, this image has the capacity to be beneficial for research into society and the motivations of those living and working in this region during this period and therefore, has social significance. The Beechworth Burke Museum has additional images relating to gold sluicing and El Dorado which can be analysed and studied alongside images like this one.Sepia coloured rectangle photograph printed on gloss photographic paper Reverse: 1997. 2613/ A02613/ No2 site/ Matthews Gully/ Cocks Pioneer G&T. ?? Co NZ/ No2 Site looking West/ 1907-8/ (7)sluicing, hydraulic sluicing, 1907, 1908, mining, cock's pioneer gold & tin sluicing co nz, nz, site no 2, matthews gully, west, valley, building, cottages, hillside, trees, water, gold and tin mine

This photograph dating to 1910 depicts an open cut sluicing site located in El Dorado captured looking east up the open cut from the number 3 Barge site. Sluicing was undertaken in the area from 1900 to 1942 with some short breaks between these periods. The image depicts a location mined by Cocks Pioneer Gold and Tin Sluicing Company (as recorded on the annotation on the card mount). It portrays open cut rocks with a crevice in the center of the image where the sluicing was being undertaken. There is a small timber structure on the right of the image which could be an entrance to a mine or supports made of wood to prevent a cave in at the open cut site and above the cut rock there is bush. The timber structure has rail tracks on top of the bridge which could suggest the identification of this structure as a mine entrance. The rail tracks were used for little carts which hauled soil from the mine. The Cocks Pioneer Gold and Tin Mines N.L was one of El Dorado's two largest open cut sluicing mines of the 20th Century. The other was named the Cocks El Dorado Gold Dredging Company. The Cocks Pioneer Mines operated from 1901 until 1941 and found a total of 117,378 ounces of Gold and 1,673 tones of tin concentrates over these years. The Cocks company was formed in 1898 and operated until 1941. Open cut sluicing involved the use of high-powered hoses which used the centrifugal sand pump system (known as hydraulic sluicing) which broke down the soil which was then processed for gold and other precious metals. From 1914 , four years after this image was captured, the company reformed to Cocks Pioneer Gold and Tin Mines NL (previously it was known as Cocks Pioneer Sluicing Co) and undertook large scale sluicing operations until 1929 and then 1934-1941. El Dorado is located on Reedy Creek and is surrounded by forested country to the north and east. It is 20 km east of Wangaratta in Victoria's regional north-east. John Cock was the son of a Cornish minor who arrived in El Dorado in 1858. Cock founded his gold and tin mining company which ran successfully for many years in the El Dorado region. It was an open cut sluicing company because of the abandonment of underground mining after this was deemed too dangerous. In 1935 Cock's El Dorado Company commissioned the floating dredge which is still visible in El Dorado today. The dredge was built by the Thompson engineering works, Castlemaine, and weighed over 2,000 tones and today has a place on the Victorian Registers of historic buildings. Interestingly, the name El Dorado does not derive from the gold in the region, but from the Barambogie pastoral run completed by William Baker in 1840-1841. Gold was discovered in El Dorado 1854 but the gold was too deep for individual prospectors to find, it required the use of heavy machinery.The search for gold is ingrained into the history of Victoria and therefore, images like this one which portray an open cut sluicing site can reveal important information for society and technology for the date when the photograph was taken. This image is of important historical significance for its ability to convey information about sluicing and the methods used to find gold in 1910. It also shows a location where sluicing was undertook which provides insight into the impact of sluicing on the environment at a time when it was done. This image is important for current research into the history of El Dorado, a small regional location near Wangaratta in Victoria's North East. Therefore, this image has the capacity to be beneficial for research into society and the motivations of those living and working in this region during this period and therefore, has social significance. The Beechworth Burke Museum has additional images relating to gold sluicing and El Dorado which can be analysed and studied alongside images like this one.Sepia coloured rectangular photograph printed on gloss photographic paper mounted on board.Obverse: COCKS PIONEER Q + T SL CO, N.L. / 1910 / LOOKING EAST UP OPEN CUT / FROM NO3 BARGE SITE / Reverse: 1997 . 2611 / A02611el dorado, north east gold, sluicing, gold sluicing, hydraulic sluicing, 1910, gold and tin mine, open cut mining, mining, gold mining, north-east victoria, beechworth, burke museum

The breeches buoy and traveller block are part of the beach rescue apparatus used by lifesaving crew overseas and in Australia in the 1860s to 1960s. The breeches buoy (or chair bucket or petticoat breeches) were invented by Lieutenant Kisbee by the 1850s. It looks like a pair of canvas shorts with a cork lifebuoy ring attached around the top. The set-up works similar way to a zip wire and allows for two-way travel. Saving lives in Warrnambool – The coastline of South West Victoria has had over 600 shipwrecks and many lost lives; even in Warrnambool’s Lady Bay there were around 16 known shipwrecks between 1850 and 1905, with eight lives lost. In 1859 the first Government-built lifeboat arrived at Warrnambool Harbour and a shed was soon built to house it, followed in 1864 by a rocket house to safely store the Rocket Rescue equipment. In 1878 the buildings were moved to the Breakwater area, and in 1910 the new Lifeboat Warrnambool arrived with its ‘self-righting’ design. For almost one hundred years the lifeboat and rocket crews, mostly local volunteers, trained regularly to maintain and improve their skills, summoned when needed by alarms, gunshots, ringing bells and foghorns. Some became local heroes but all served an important role. By the end of the 1950s the lifeboat and rescue equipment had become obsolete. Rocket Rescue Method - The first use of a lifesaving rocket rescue system is often credited to Captain Manby and his invention of a life mortar, first used in 1808 to fire a line onto a ship to rescue lives. Henry Trengrouse’s invention of 1820 was the first to use a sky rocket’s power to throw a line, and his invention included a chair for carrying the shipwrecked victims to shore. In 1832 John Dennett invented a rocket specifically for shore to ship rescue. It had an iron case and an 8 foot pole attached and could shoot the line as far as 250 yards (about 230 metres). From the 1860s the rocket rescue apparatus was in use. It comprised a breeches buoy and traveller block that was suspended on a line and manually pulled to and from the distressed vessel carrying passengers and items. Colonel Boxer, who had invented an early line-thrower, designed a rocket in 1865 with a range from 300 to 470 yards. It was the first two-stage rocket, with two rockets placed one in front of the other in a tube that carried the rescue line. The hemp line was faked, or coiled, in a particular way in a faking box to prevent twists and tangles when fired, and the angle of firing the rocket was measured by a quadrant-type instrument on the side of the rocket machine. Schermuly invented the line-throwing pistol around 1920, which used a small cartridge to fire the rocket. Victoria’s Government adopted lifesaving methods based on Her Majesty’s Coast Guard in Great Britain, which used Colonel Boxer’s rocket apparatus rescue method. The British Board of Trade published instructions in 1850 for both the beach rescue crew and ship’s crew. It involved setting up the rocket launcher on shore at a particular angle measured by the quadrant, inserting a rocket that had a light-weight line attached, then firing it across the stranded vessel. A tally board was then sent out with instructions in four languages. The ship’s crew would haul on the line to bring out the continuous whip line and attach the whip block to a mast or sturdy part the ship. The rescue crew on shore then hauled out a heavier hawser line, which the ship’s crew fixed above the whip block. The hawser is then tightened using the block on the shore end of the whip. The breeches buoy and endless whip are then attached to the traveller block on the hawser, allowing the shore crew to haul the buoy to and from the vessel, rescuing the stranded crew one at a time. The rocket system could also be used from one ship to another. This item is significant for its connection with local history, maritime history and marine technology. Lifesaving has been an important part of the services performed from Warrnambool's very early days, supported by State and Local Government, and based on the methods and experience of Great Britain. Hundreds of shipwrecks along the coast are evidence of the rough weather and rugged coastline. Ordinary citizens, the Harbour employees, and the volunteer boat and rescue crew, saved lives in adverse circumstances. Some were recognised as heroes, others went unrecognised. In Lady Bay, Warrnambool, there were around 16 known shipwrecks between 1850 and 1905. Many lives were saved but tragically, eight lives were lost.Breeches buoy and traveller lock; white canvas breeches (shorts) with lifebuoy ring attached to its waistband, with ropes for attaching it to the traveller block. Wooden traveller block has double brass inline sheaves and brass rollers on each cheek of the block, and each shell is scored for the strop. The thimble attached to the strop has a wooden slat for quick release of the breeches buoy. The ropes comprise of two equal lengths of rope that have been bunched together to form two loops, then bound together just below the loops, while the four hanging ends are looped around the lifebuoy, equally spaced, with each end finished in an eye-splice. The apparatus is suspended by the loops at the top and attached to the traveller block, which has a quick release device.flagstaff hill maritime museum & village, flagstaff hill, maritime museum, maritime village, warrnambool, great ocean road, shipwreck, life-saving, lifesaving, rescue crew, rescue, rocket rescue, maritime accidents, shipwreck victim, rocket crew, beach rescue, line rescue, rescue equipment, rocket firing equipment, rocket rescue equipment, rocket apparatus, beach apparatus, petticoat breeches, breeches buoy, rocket house, rocket shed, lifeboat men, rocket equipment, rocket machine, rocket head, rocket launcher, rocket line, marine technology, william schermuly, line-firing pistol, line throwing gun, schermuly pistol, pistol rocket apparatus, beach rescue set, traveller, block, running block, pulley, hawser, faking, faking box, faked line, rescue boat, lifeboat, lady bay, warrnambool harbour, port of warrnambool, tramway jetty, volunteer lifesavers, volunteer crew, breakwater, lifeboat warrnambool, rocket rescue method, rocket rescue apparatus, captain manby, mortar, henry trengrouse, sky rocket, john dennett, shore to ship, colonel boxer, two-stage rocket, italian hemp, quadrant, schermuly, line-throwing pistol, line throwing cartridge, rocket apparatus rescue, stranded vessel, tally board, light line, whip line, endless whip, petticoat buoy, traveller chair, traveller block, her majesty’s coast guard, harbour board, line thrower, line throwing, beach cart, hand barrow, sand anchor, hawser cutter, life jacket, faking board, irish hand barrow, government of victoria