This bellows was used at the Warrnambool Racecourse by Master Farrier, Brian Chapman (1931-2017), during the 1970s but its history before then is still being investigated. The bellows have continued to be used from 1978 at Flagstaff Hill's blacksmith's workshop. Even today, in 2021, this same bellows are used by a volunteer blacksmith as he demonstrate the skills and tells of the importance of the blacksmith trade to colonial Australia. This 1860s double-action bellows is a typical form of blacksmith's or shipsmith's bellows. The end is forge-fitted with an iron nozzle or tube, called a tuyere or Tue iron, which concentrates the air to fan the fire or furnace. Tuyeres were traditionally made of cow horn. The double-action design of this bellows efficiently moves air both in and out of the chambers in the one movement of the long handle. The bellows was manufactured by John C. Onions of Birmingham, England, between 1862 and 1875. The stamp with the text, Gold Medal 1862, was also used on the business’ advertising. In 1875 the company was registered and began using the name John C. Onions Limited. JOHN C. ONIONS - John C. (Collingwood) Onions (1841-1904) was the son of a bellows maker of the same name. Onions (born 1841) and his wife Helen married in 1867 and they named one of their children John Collingwood Onions (1868-1913), as was the family tradition. He was well known as a Birmingham manufacturer of patented bellows and other forge-related equipment. He sold to the wholesale and retail markets for both local and overseas customers, including the British colonies. An 1862 advertisement points out that John C. Onions was a “Bellows manufacturer and contractor to Her Majesty’s Honourable Board of Ordinance” and His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of the French [Napoleon Bonaparte]”. The advertisement includes a sketched portrait of the Emperor Napoleon III, and an Imperial Autograph Letter dated May 23, 1854, from Napoleon, Palace of the Tulleries to Mr J C Onions of Bradford Street, Birmingham. In 1863 the company registered a patent on portable forges. In 1871 there were eight employees. John C. Onions Limited became a registered company in 1875. In 1876 an advertisements included that the company were smiths for hearths and tools in general and showed a row of six medallions including one with “Napoleon III, Emperor” and his portrait, and another “ _ _ _ 1862 MEDAL”. Their advertising motto was “For Excellence of Quality”. In 1885 the company merged with William Allday and Sons to become Allday and Onions. This mid-19th century bellows has local historical significance as it were once used by blacksmiths at the Warrnambool Racecourse in the annual racing event that continues today. This bellows is significant as a working example of equipment used in the 1800 and 1900s in the trace of blacksmiths and other metal working smiths. The bellows is technologically significant as it shows the progress from simple bellows to the double-action bellows, a time saving and efficient improvement. The manufacturer John C. Onions is historically significant as a family business that began in the 1600s and continued up until the 1980s.Bellows; large, oval, mechanical double-action smith’s bellows, manually operated, in working condition. The paddles of wood that form the top, middle sections and base of the bellows have flexible leather pieces attached firmly between them, forming airtight double lungs. Cut-outs in the panels allow the bellows to fill with air then force it out. A long handle is connected to pump the bellows and control the quantity and force of the air. The blasts of air are forced through the metal nozzle or tuyere at the end of the bellows and into the forge’s fire. Inscriptions are impressed into the wood on the upper paddle or board of the bellows. There are three circular stamps containing text. Text impressed in the wooden upper paddle of the bellows has been assumed to read “JOHN C. ONIONS, PATENTEES & MANUFACTURERS, BIRMINGHAM””?” “EXTRA” “AWARDED FOR EXCELLENCE OF QUALITY”, made from the following readable text :- “JOHN C ONIONS“ “PATENT - - - & MAN - - - - - - - - -“, “BIR - - - - HAM“, “ _ ERA - - - - “- XTRA-“, “- - - - - - - FOR EXCELL-“ “OF - - - - ITY” Text in the stamp “ - - ECE - - “, “ - - - - - / 1862 / MEDAL”, “- ITY” flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, john collingwood onions, john c onions, allday and onions, bellows, smith’s bellows, 19th century bellows, double-action bellows, double-acting bellows, double lung bellows, double chamber bellows, blacksmith tools, blacksmith trade, blacksmith craft, blacksmith equipment, forging equipment, john c onions patented double-action bellows, brian chapman, warrnambool racecourse, blacksmith, shipsmith, iron smith, mechanical bellows

Established by George Guthrie in 1857 (about 5km north of its current site) and then again seven years later in 1864 after it initially closed, Bendigo Pottery remains one of the most influential and longest running Pottery’s in Australia. Over the years the Pottery has contributed to the growth and development of the district through both its products including building products, table ware and decorative and commemorative war as well as artistically, being responsible for training and supporting many potters locally. The City of Greater Bendigo has had a long history of partnering with Bendigo Pottery and the Civic Collection holds a number of important items within its collection. This John C Watson (Chris Watson) 'reform' flask was one of a limited edition character bottles produced by the Pottery to commemorate important figures in Australian politics. He was the first Labour Prime Minister elected forming a minority government in April 1904, aged 37, after the ALP withdrew its support from Deakin. He was one of the first socialists to head a government in a parliamentary system, attracting international attention, and remains Australia's youngest prime minister. After less than four months in office, the Watson government lost a confidence motion and Watson was succeeded as prime minister by anti-socialist George Reid. The original reform flasks were English salt-glazed stoneware flasks produced in the early 19th century shaped into the form of figures connected with the Reform Bill of 1832. Much was made of puns like ‘the spirit of reform’ at the time. Artist John Frith has taken the reform flask form as inspiration for a series of political ceramics of some Australian Prime Ministers. The series included Edmund Barton, Alfred Deakin and Watson.Glazed ceramic flask in the shape John Watson. Square shaped with most of the detail on the front facing side other than head which is more detailed. Cork still in place in top of head.On reverse of flask; John C Watson / Prime Minister / of Australia / 27.4.1904 / To / 18 .08. 1904 Bendigo Pottery / LMTED / Edition Series / 55/1200 /Australia Signed lower centre; 'Frith'australian politics, bendigo pottery

wner could not obtain the necessary licence and it became a coaching House for Cobb & Co. The building was demolished in 1971.John C. Paul, Prince Albert Hotel c.1851 1973, watercolour, 28 x 40.9 cm. Bayside City Council Art and Heritage Collection. Purchased 1974.brighton, prince albert hotel, historic building, john c paul, cobb & co.

John C. Paul, House designed by architect Charles Webb c.1865 1971, watercolour, 29 x 42.2 cm. Bayside City Council Art and Heritage Collection. Purchased 1974.brighton, john c paul, charles webb, historic house

The famous Australian poet Adam Lindsay Gordon (1833-1870) lodged for seventeen months in this cottage, located at 10 Lewis Street, Brighton. He and his wife Margaret lived here from 1869 until Gordon took his life on the Brighton foreshore in June 1970. Adam Gordon Lindsay was the first Australian poet to gain considerable recognition overseas and has been credited for beginning a national school of Australian poetry. His poetry reflected his love of the bush, a sense of humour, but also his battle with depression. In addition to being a poet, Lindsay was also a skilled horseman, police officer and politician. In 1946, the cottage at 10 Lewis Street was demolished. Local poet Mr Cyril Good, an ardent admirer of Adam Lindsay Gordon, purchased the bricks from the cottage which he carefully numbered and stored for a number of decades, in the hope that it would one day be re-erected in Gordon’s honour. John C. Paul, Adam Lindsay Gordon cottage c. 1870 1973, watercolour, 27.8 x 42.3 cm. Bayside City Council Art and Heritage Collection. Purchased 1974.brighton, john c paul, historic house, adam lindsay gordon, poet, lewis street, politician

St Andrew’s Anglican Church, located at 228 New St, Brighton, is the oldest continuous Anglican Church in Victoria. Opened on St Andrews day in 1842, it was one of the earliest Christian churches established in the Port Phillip District. A second church building was erected on the site in 1851, followed by a third building and schoolhouse in 1857 which was enlarged in 1886. A fire in 1961 engulfed the building and renowned Australian church architect Louis Williams was appointed to be the architect of the new building. The present church complex is amongst the largest church buildings in Australasia. Using over 500,000 bricks and over 16,000 roof tiles, this space consisted of three areas: the main church building, the Pioneer chapel and the Lady chapel. The large arcaded cloister, seen in this painting, with an internal cloister garden, is extremely rare in any church in Australasia, and links the Pioneer Chapel to the narthex of the new building.John C. Paul, St. Andrew's Brighton 1971, watercolour, 44 x 30.5 cm. Bayside City Council Art and Heritage Collection. Purchased 1974.brighton, john c paul, st andrews, church, anglican, cloister, arcade

John C Paul, Old Building, 70 Carpenter Street 1971, watercolour, 28.5 x 40.8 cm. Bayside City Council Art and Heritage Collection. Purchased 1974.brighton, john c paul, historic house, carpenter street

Originally built around 1869-74, the residential house Boort which was located at 266 New Street, Brighton was sold to Brighton Grammar in 1968 and was subsequently demolished in 1974.John C Paul, Boort c.1965 1975, watercolour, 27.2 x 38.3 cm. Bayside City Council Art and Heritage Collection.brighton, john c paul, historic house, boort, new street, brighton grammar

Black and white photograph of Councillor Frank (Francis John) Corr c.1984

Book - 170 pages, 10 sections sewn and bound into heavy green card covers cloth covered with glued end pages. Title "Miscellaneous Tests on Car Equipment" for electric street car or trams written by Eugene C Parham and John C Shedd, published by McGraw Hill Book Co. of New York, dated 1910. Has a table of contents, index at the rear, and index of Rules for determining sizes of electrical equipment and tramcar horsepower and kilowatts, traction and speeds. Cover sheets, table of contents and indexes scanned to a pdf file.In a number of places "The Electric Supply Company of Victoria Limited" stamped throughout the book.trams, tramways, electrical engineering, electrical equipment, tramcars, maintenance, motors

Harold Herbert was a watercolour artist who taught tat the Ballarat Technical Art School.Blue soft covered book of 56 pages. poster, stamps, harold herbert, harold b. herbert, harold brocklebank herbert, ballarat technical art schook, watercolour

Cricketer - Thomas – David John (c 1901)stawell sport

Cricketer - Thomas – David John (c 1901)stawell sport

The Treasure of The Never-Never Author: James M Downie Publisher: Blackie & Son Ltd Further Information: Illustrated by John C. Downie The label on spine cover has typed text R.A. 823.91 DOW Front loose endpaper has a sticker from Warrnambool Children's Library flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, book, warrnambool library, warrnambool mechanics’ institute, mechanics’ institute library, victorian library board, warrnambool books and records, warrnambool children’s library, warrnambool public library, james m downie, the treasure of the never-never, john c. downie

non-fictionkeith oliver, donation

Graham Beanland became a Principal at the Ballarat School of Mines. Green hardcovered book awarded to Graham. Beanland for first prize (Progress and Results) at B.H.T.S. The book has many illistrations. B.H.T.S. Awarded to G.H. Beanland. First Prize Progress and Results Section 2 E.H. Beanland Principal 17-12-43graham beanland, g.h. beanland, c.h. beanland, stars, planeta, seasons, weather, climate, water, plants, energy, heat, magnetism, electricity

1. Pocket sized book. It has a dimpled leather cover. Colour black. The page ends are gold tinted. There are 568 pages. There is a purple page marker ribbon attached to the book. 2, Cardboard cover that slides over the book. Labelled "ClearNUtype" Testament. The smallest large type testament published. It has a stylistic map of the two hemispheres of the world.1. Inside front cover = "A little token of welcome to Dear Fred, wishing you all the best of luck. Love from Auntie Eva & family 19 Aug 44". On page 351 - Book of Romans - Chapter 5, verses 38 & 39 have been marked & underlined. 2. Äuntie Eva & family to Pte Addlem F E, Neereman, Maldon, Victoria. ww2, christianity

p.240.non-fictionThe search for missing military personnel in Vietnamvietnam war 1961-1975 – us - involvement, vietnam war 1945-1975 - missing soldiers

Softcover, Magazineaustralian architecture, walsh st library

Softcover, Magazineaustralian architecture, walsh st library

Journal of the Royal Australian Institute of ArchitectsPatricia Boydwalsh st library

Built around 1841, St Ninian’s, located at 10 Miller Street, was one of Brighton’s earliest buildings. It is best known as being the home of merchant shipping agent, politician and former British naval officer, George Ward Cole between the 1840s and 1902. Following the death of George Ward Cole in 1879 and his wife in 1898, their only surviving child, Margaret, sold the property to Sir Thomas Bent, who subdivided the land in the early 1900s. The property was demolished in 1974. John C. Paul, St. Ninian's north elevation c.1841 1971, watercolour, 29.5 x 42.3 cm. Bayside City Council Art and Heritage Collection. Purchased 1974.st ninian's, brighton, historic house, george ward cole, thomas bent

Built around 1841, St Ninian’s, located at 10 Miller Street, was one of Brighton’s earliest buildings. It is best known as being the home of merchant shipping agent, politician and former British naval officer, George Ward Cole between the 1840s and 1902. Following the death of George Ward Cole in 1879 and his wife in 1898, their only surviving child, Margaret, sold the property to Sir Thomas Bent, who subdivided the land in the early 1900s. The property was demolished in 1974. John C. Paul, St. Ninian's south elevation c.1841 1971, watercolour, 29.5 x 43 cm. Bayside City Council Art and Heritage Collection. Purchased 1974.st ninian's, brighton, historic house, george ward cole, thomas bent

Built around 1841, St Ninian’s, located at 10 Miller Street, was one of Brighton’s earliest buildings. It is best known as being the home of merchant shipping agent, politician and former British naval officer, George Ward Cole between the 1840s and 1902. Following the death of George Ward Cole in 1879 and his wife in 1898, their only surviving child, Margaret, sold the property to Sir Thomas Bent, who subdivided the land in the early 1900s. The property was demolished in 1974. John C. Paul, St. Ninian's servants' quarters 1975, watercolour, 27.5 x 39.6 cm. Bayside City Council Art and Heritage Collectionst ninian's, brighton, historic house, george ward cole, thomas bent, servants' quarters

Built around 1841, St Ninian’s, located at 10 Miller Street, was one of Brighton’s earliest buildings. It is best known as being the home of merchant shipping agent, politician and former British naval officer, George Ward Cole between the 1840s and 1902. Following the death of George Ward Cole in 1879 and his wife in 1898, their only surviving child, Margaret, sold the property to Sir Thomas Bent, who subdivided the land in the early 1900s. The property was demolished in 1974. John C. Paul, St. Ninian's eastern courtyard c.1841 1971, watercolour, 28.5 x 40.8 cm. Bayside City Council Art and Heritage Collection. Purchased 1974.st ninian's, brighton, historic house, george ward cole, thomas bent, courtyard

Callawadda: a brief sketch of the school and districtFawn cover with map of Borung.Callawadda: a brief sketch of the school and district published to mark the Centenary of the Callawadda Primary School No. 2750 1886-1986 (441 Students)stawell education