James Henry Steward (1817–1896) were opticians and scientific instrument makers and became established as J.H. Steward in London in 1852. He advertised himself as a “Head Optician” and on the 1st of February, 1913 became incorporated as J.H. Steward Limited. The company produced a large range of items for military use and advertised in their catalogs that they produced instruments for ‘reconnoitering, sketching, night Marching, signaling and gun Laying’. They were well thought of with their work to such a standard that they were made opticians to 'British & Foreign Governments, the National Rifle Associations of England, India, Canada & the Colonies and the National Artillery Association. An item that was produced in large quality by a well known maker who supplied the British military during the late 19th and early 20th century.Binoculars solid brass black covered with Green fabric around cylinders binoculars are complete with geared focusing and pull out lens hoods.Inscribed "The Duke Binocular"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, binoculars, the duke binocular, james henry steward, military maker, signaling, gun laying, optician

Item brought home from Vietnam by Murray Stanley Metherall. Refer 590.2.US service issue metal compass, green colour.Engraved on front "AEC License No 8-3736-3 Contains 120ML radioactive H DO NOT OPEN. Dispose of per KR 755-380. If found return to military authority" Maker's details engraved on rear. Regular markings on top.compass, equipment, accessorie, u.s

This uniform was worn by Sister Winifred Ride during World War 2.. Nurses played a key role in the conflict through their care and compassion to the servicemen who were wounded and sick.The nurses uniform is symbolic of the sacrifice and service of the many women who served their country in WW2. Grey fitted, lined jacket with long sleeves, collar and lapels. Three front metal buttons buttons and two smaller buttons on each sleeve. Dark green epaulette with four metal buttons on each shoulder (Right side is faded). Two hip pockets with one button fastener. One internal pocket with small grey button. Unit patches on each sleeve and four inverted service chevrons on right sleeve at wrist. Two ribbon bars containing 5 Campaign Ribbons on left side of front, attached with standard 'brooch' fitting . Belt (same material as jacket) passes through two loops on back of jacket and is fastened by two buttons, hidden when belt is fastened. Metal buttons stamped with map of Australia with crown above and the words Australian Military Forces around. Makers label inside back below collar: " /tailors and habit makers, J .RAVENSDALE & SON Nicholas Bldg Swanston Street Melbourne". Name of owner handwritten "Sister Ride:"

This is Issue No. 5 of "The Curlip". The magazine is a compilation of research from a trip by the Orbost & District Historical Society to Bete Bolong. The Bete Bolong Prisoner of War Camp was located on the south side of the Buchan - Orbost Rd. From November 1943 to November 1945, Italian prisoners of war were based at Bete Bolong, cultivating maize, peas, beans and other vegetables on local farms. Unlike other 'farming' prisoners of war, those at Bete Bolong did not live with the farming families, but at a Prisoner of War Control Centre on Crown land overlooking the Snowy River Flats. About fifty Italian prisoners lived at the centre, along with an Australian Military Force staff of approximately seven people. The prisoners were driven to and from the farms each day. Three of them apparently simply swam across the river to work. They worked a six day week, with Sundays off. Although they were provided with rations, both prisoners and staff maintained vegetable and flower gardens. They were also skilled at cooking 'anything' they could catch, and at making illegal "grappa". Very few of the Italians were experienced farm workers. Some of them used their skills to make things for the families they worked for; a cabinet-maker made furniture , a cobbler made shoes, etc. They interacted with the local community and, although they were not supposed to go within one kilometre of town, some were found at local dances on Saturday nights. As recreation the prisoners were allowed to walk along the road to the west of the camp. Local people from both sides of the river could hear them sing as they walked. The prisoners also helped to construct an 'ant bed' tennis court on a property adjacent to the centre. Although now overgrown, the site of the tennis court can still be discerned as a flat area above the site of the centre. (ref./vhd.heritagecouncil.vic.gov.au)This item is a useful reference tool on the history of the Prisoner of War Camp at Bete Bolong, Orbost.A spiral bound book with a clear plastic cover. On the front is a coloured photograph of a view from the site of the P.O.W. camp at the intersection of Bete Bolong and Buchan Roads at Bete Bolong. Above is the title "Prisoner of War Camp Bete Bolong, Vic. 1943-1946" in black print on a white background. p.o.w.-camp-orbost ww11 bete-bolong

A sextant is an astronomical instrument used to determine latitude and longitude at sea by measuring angular distances, especially the altitudes of the sun, moon, and stars. It is a doubly reflecting navigation instrument and used mainly by sailors to measure the angular distance between two visible objects. The name comes from the Latin sextans, or “sixth part of a unit,” because the sextant’s arc can be 60° or 120° of a circle depending on the model used. The primary use was to measure the angle between an astronomical object and the horizon for the purposes of celestial navigation. The estimation of this angle is known as sighting or shooting the object, or taking a sight. This angle and the time when it was measured is used in order to determine Greenwich Mean Time and hence longitude. Sighting the height of a landmark on land can also give a measure of distance from that object. History: The development of the sextant was as an improvement over the octant, an instrument designed to measure one's latitude. The octant was first implemented around 1731-present but can only measure angles up to 45°. As larger angles were needed to allow the measurement of lunar objects - moon, stars and the sun - at higher angles, the octant was superseded by the sextant. The sextant is a similar instrument but better made and allows larger angles from 60° to 120°. This improvement allows distances to be accurately calculated thereby giving longitude when used with a chronometer. The sextant was derived from the octant in 1757, eventually making all previous instruments used for navigational positioning obsolete. The sextant had been attributed to by John Hadley (1682–1744) and Thomas Godfrey (1704–1749), but reference to the sextant was also found later in the unpublished writings of Isaac Newton (1643–1727). Earlier links can be found to Bartholomew Gosnold (1571–1607) indicating that the use of a sextant for nautical navigation predates Hadley's implementation. In 1922, the sextant was modified for aeronautical navigation by Portuguese navigator and naval officer Gago Coutinho. It should be noted that the octant and quadrant are in the same family as they were, and all are, regarded as sextants. The sextant is representative of it's type and although not fully complete it demonstrates how 18th,19th and 20th century mariners determined their latitude and longitudinal to determine their position on a chart, allowing them to navigate there way across the world's oceans. It also demonstrates the skill and workmanship of the early instrument makers that operated scientific instrument businesses from London and other areas of England to provide most of the navigational instrumentation used by commercial and military navies of the time.Sextant with square, fitted box of polished wood, "Hezzanith" brand. Box contains many parts for the sextants use. On certificate "Heath & Co, London. Sextant Number Y 822". Catch on lid "DEFIANT LEVER" and "PATENT NUMBER 187.10". Maker's certificate is attached to the inside of the box.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, sextant box, sextant, hezzanith, heath & co, navigational instrument, george wilson heath, astronomical instrument, instrument manufacturers, scientific instrument, navigation, celestial navigation, octant, quadrant, lunar navigation

Adams jnr wrote many elementary scientific works, as well as on the use of mathematical instruments. He often combined in his written works with religious themes and scientific content, often against the prevailing thoughts of the time. According to one popular magazine of the time (Gentleman's Magazine), his works were often accused of "growing errors of materialism, infidelity, and anarchy". He started writing at a young age and developed a love for it, his main interests included math and science, these subjects he often expressed in his written essay's. Notable works from Adams are. An Essay on Electricity, and Magnetism (1784). Essays on the Microscope (1787). An Essay on Vision, briefly explaining the fabric of the eye (1789). Astronomical and Geographical Essays (1790). A Short Dissertation on the Barometer (1790). Geometrical and Graphical Essays, containing a description of the mathematical instruments used in geometry, civil and military surveying, leveling and perspective (1790). Lectures on Natural and Experimental Philosophy, in five volumes (1794).George Adams Sr and Jnr were both notable opticians and scientific instrument makers of the 18th century. Their contribution to scientific innovation and optical development cannot be underestimated. Having one of their early drainage levels in the collection and in extremely good condition is an asset to the Flagstaff collection.Drainage level or optical level. A brass surveying instrument with Achromatic telescope, bubble level and dial fitted to the Tribrach or footplate that has leveling screws. Tripod is wood and brass with adjustable and unscrewable legs (for ease of transportation). Made by "G. Adams Fleet St, London". Used in surveying and building to transfer, measure and/or set horizontal levels."G. Adams - London".flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, george adams fleet street london, optical instrument, scientific instrument, technical instrument, surveyors level, george adams snr, projection microscope

An Octant is a doubly reflecting navigation instrument used primarily by sailors to measure the angular distance between two visible objects and was a forerunner of the sextant. The name comes from the Latin octo, or “one-eighth of a circle,” for the Octant’s arc which spans 45°, or one-eighth of a circle. The primary use of an Octant is to measure the angle between an astronomical object and the horizon for the purposes of celestial navigation. The estimation of this angle is known as sighting or shooting the object, or taking a sight. The angle, and the time when it was measured, can be used to calculate a position line on a nautical chart (latitude), for example, sighting the Sun at noon or Polaris at night (in the Northern Hemisphere) gives an angle by which the latitude can then be estimated. Sighting the height of a landmark on land can also give a measure of distance. History: The principle of the Octant as an instrument to measure ones latitude was first implemented around 1742-present but was superseded by the improvement of the octant to a sextant, a very similar instrument, better made and able to measure bigger angles 120°, allowing the measurement of Luna distances to give longitude when used with an accurate chronometer. The sextant started to appear around 1730 and had been attributed to by John Hadley (1682–1744) and Thomas Godfrey (1704–1749), but reference to the sextant was also found later in the unpublished writings of Isaac Newton (1643–1727). Earlier links can be found to Bartholomew Gosnold (1571–1607) indicating that the use of a Sextant for nautical navigation predates Hadley's implementation. In 1922, the sextant was modified for aeronautical navigation by Portuguese navigator and naval officer Gago Coutinho. Henry Hemsley was a lesser-known instrument maker and optician working in London in the late 17th and early 18th century. However, it should be noted that there were two Henry Hemsley opticians and instrument makers around this period. (Henry Hemsley 1, 1786-89, who had premises at 85 Fleet St London and Henry Hemsley 2, 1828-56), whose workshop was at 135-138 Radcliff Highway London. Therefore, based on the inscribed workshop address Henry Hemsley 2 is responsible for making this example.The octant is representative of its type and although not fully complete it demonstrates how 18th and 19th-century mariners determined their latitude on a chart to navigate their way across the world's oceans in the 18th and 19th century. It also demonstrates the skill and workmanship of the early instrument makers that operated from London at this time and provided most of the navigational instrumentation use by commercial and military navies of the time.Octant, ebony wooden frame and handle. Scale is missing from recess in frame. "H. Hemsley 135-138 Ratliff Highway, London", no box"H. Hemsley 135-138 Ratcliff Highway, London"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, navigation, navigational instrument, instrument used for navigation, sextant, henry hemsley, instrument maker, london, octant

Partial dress uniform of RAAF for "Peter Stoklahsa". Enlisted 1966 to 1987. Refer to cat No. 7674P.1. Dark blue pants size 97. White label on inside. 4 pockets, clip to do up and white elastic lining on inside. 2. RAAF blue jacket. Two breast pockets and two lower pocket flaps with no pocket. Four large front buttons and two smaller pocket buttons. 'Australia' shoulder flashes and service ribbon above left chest pocket. Inside cotton lining and inside pocket on right side. Makers label sewn on inside and Commonwealth emblem on sleeve. 3. Blue Air Force cap size 7. Leather inside lining and plastic and black material band. Button on each side with plastic strap. Gold Air Force emblem of Laurel leaves, spread Eagle and Crown.Inside maker - Australian Government Clothing Factory. Size 7.raaf, uniform, peter stoklahsa

Dark green woollen beret. It is lined with a grey cotton material. On the front is a brass Rising Sun Badge. The motif states:- "Australian Military Forces".Written in ink on the makers label is name "DOBIN".uniform, australian army, beret

Pair of black leather shoes with one lace. 1.) Right. 2.) Left. Label impression on heels.Maker's label impression on heels "SINOCO".footwear, uniforms, shoes

Replica leather boots - WW1 Army.Pair of light brown leather boots with brown leather laces. Leather sole. Makers stamp on sole.Makers stamp imprint on sole of boots - oval shape with crossed swords in centre. "Lawrance ......../SYDNEY AUSTRALIA"uniform, footwear, boots

"Pair of black leather army boots - known as "AB"- Ankle boots with black cotton laces. Rubber soles with makers label imprinted on sole.Imprint on sole "SHERPA/ REG NO. 215448"uniform, footwear, boots, army

Pair of black leather army boots - known as "AB"- ankle boots - with black cotton laces. Rubber soles with maker's label imprinted on sole.Imprint on sole - makers label - indiscernible.uniform, footwear, boots, army

Pair of black leather army boots - known as "AB" - ankle boots with no laces. Leather sole with steel heel and toe plates. Makers label imprint with leather sole.Maker's Label - imprint on sole "DID/341/9-5/ BLUNDSTONE P/4/ 1956"uniform, footwear, boots, army

Pair of black leather army boots - known as "AB" - ankle boots with no laces. Leather soles with maker's label imprint. Nail heads visible.Makers label - imprint on sole - "1962/7.5/DID"uniform, footwear, boots, army

Pair of black leather army boots - known as GP's - "General Purpose" with black cotton laces. Top inside boots - cotton label with Department of Defence, Size and Fitting information. Rubber sole with imprint of maker's label.Top inside boot - black print on cotton label "R/^/ SIZE/ FITTING/T/ B". HANDWRITTEN BLACK INK "551283". Rubber sole - imprint - maker's label "MADE IN AUSTRALIA/ 7-6".uniform, footwear, boots, army

Pair of black leather army boots - known as GP's - "General Purpose" with black cotton laces. Top inside boots - cotton label with Department of Defence Size and Fitting information. Rubber sole with imprint of maker's label.Top inside boot - black print on cotton label "R/^/ SIZE/ FITTING/ T/ R" handwritten faint blue ink "4". Rubber sole - imprint - maker's label "MADE IN AUSTRALIA/ 7-6".uniform, footwear, boots, army

"David R WATERSTON" Refer to Cat. No. 2410 for service details.Pair of black leather army boots - known as GP's - "General Purpose" with no laces. Top inside boots - cotton label with Department of Defence Size and Fitting information. Rubber sole with imprint of maker's label.Top inside boot - black print on cotton label "R/ SIZE/ ^ /FITT/ T/ B" handwritten black ink "WATERSTON". Rubber Sole - imprint - maker's label "HY-TEST"uniform, footwear, boots, army, david r waterston

Pair of black leather army boots - known as GP's - "General Purpose" with black cotton laces. Top inside boots - cotton label with Department of Defence Size and Fitting information. Rubber sole with imprint of maker's label.Top inside boot - black print on cotton label "COMFRT WEAR 13/8/ SIZE 6/6 FITTING/ R B" - handwritten in black ink "191/148". Rubber sole - imprint - maker's label “COMFORTWEAR/ WEST AUST/ BP VULVANISED RUBBER/ SOLE & HEEL". uniform, footwear, boots, army

Pair of black leather army boots - known as GP's - "General Purpose" with black cotton laces. Top inside boots - Ink stamp with Department of Defence Size and Fitting information. Rubber sole with imprint of maker's label.Top inside boot - black ink stamp - from left to right - "^ 5/5 B L04 RB T/8" Rubber sole - imprint - maker's label "D } MADE BY/ DUNLOP/ NITRILE SOLE/ 5/5"uniform, footwear, boots, army

Refers to the service of " WO2 Tommy PATTISON". Refer Cat No 5342.2.1. & 2. These are shirts/jackets. They have two breast pockets held shut with 2 buttons each. They are long sleeved. The cuffs have 3 buttons for closing of wrist section. the shirt fronts are held shut with 5 buttons. They have an epaulette of same material on each shoulder.1. It has two makers labels. The white one has written: “1217 96E 0124 Order 299 006 86 107R”aust army, uniform, wo2 tommy pattison.

These receipts to the Bendigo RSL Women’s Auxiliary were selected to show a broad range of business’s they dealt with in their fund raising. These cover the years 1963 - 1965. They cover Butchers, Bakers, Grocery stores, Jewellers, Cafe’s, Dairies, Florists, Department stores, Nurseries, Watch makers to name a few.Folder grey covers with plastic sleeve inserts, front cover has a taped on yellow laminated paper with text in black. The contents are a selected amount of receipts from Bendigo Business’s to the Bendigo RSL Women’s Auxiliary.brsl, smirsl, auxiliary, receipts, wabrsl

item in the collection re Ron Bollard VX14150, refer Cat No 5919P for his service details.Large flag polyester, white backgroundwith central motif of the "Rats of Tobruk Association" in colours black, gold, red, white and yellow, label on one corner re the maker.Hand written on one corner, "Ron Bollard"flags, tobruk

Listed on photograph storage folder - handwritten in blue ink "MRS M MURPHY/ RE GOULDING" Photographs - three original black and white photographs on photo paper. 1. British troops on Parade with building and trees in background. On cardboard mount - grey colour. Photograph title above in white ink. Maker's stamp bottom right and on back with production number. 2. British - group portrait, HQ troops with Trophy and five silver cups, on cardboard mount - beige with grey printed frame. Production number on back. 3. Building - possibly a temple in Calcutta. On cardboard mount - off white colour.1. Photograph title - handwritten in white ink - "1st Bn. 60th RIFLES CALCUTTA/ 1931-34/ CELER-ET-AUDAX" Makers stamp - blue ink (front) "Edna Lorenz/ CALCUTTA" . (back) "EDNA LORENZ/ 20 PARK STREET/ CALCUTTA/ No". Production number (grey lead) "54392A". 2. On back - production number - grey lead pencil "6365.7".photographs, calcutta, 1st bn 60th rifles

This clock was placed in what was called the "Writing Room" of the Soldiers Memorial Institute when it was opened in 1921. After the renovations to the SMI in 2016 - 18 the clock was placed back in the same position in what is now called "The Building and RSL History Room".Pendulum Wall Clock, timber frame with glass front insets in door, clock face has Roman Numerals, chimes on the hour and half hour, wind up key inside. A small silver plaque is on the front bottom space.On clock face under hands, "J.T. Knowlton & Co watch makers Bendigo". Around edge of clock face, "W.M.L Gilbert Clock Co Winsted Conn U.S.A" On small Plaque, "Presented by Pioneer Comforts Fund 15.11.1921"brsl, smirsl, domestic

HEWSTON, RAYMOND ERNEST, VX64672 Date of Enlistment, 19 October 1941, Age 31 Years, Date of Discharge 27 March 1946, Rank of PRIVATE, 8 AUSTRALIAN INFANTRY BATTALLION. Refer Cat No 2891.4Great Coat - Khaki colour woolen fabric with attached half belt. Inside pockets and lining to sleeves - beige colour cotton fabric. Buttons - Bakelite, brown, single breasted. Australia shoulder epaulette badges. Makers label inside back below collarOn Maker's label, black pvoutow cotton fabric. " REGIMENTAL No...../ NAME/V458/MADE IN/ AUSTRALIA/ 1942/ SIZE."uniform, ww11

Greatcoat - Khaki colour, woollen fabric with attached half belt. Inside pockets and lining to sleeves - beige colour cotton fabric. Buttons - Bakelite and plastic, dark brown, light brown, single breasted. Maker's label inside back below collar On Maker's label, black pvout on cotton fabric " REGIMEntal No...../ NAME/ V91/ MADE IN AUSTRALIA/SIZE/1943/D.S."uniform, ww11, australian army

Greatcoat, Khaki colour, Wooleen fabric with attached half belt. Inside pockets and lining to shoulders and sleeves - khaki colour cotton fabric light. Buttons - metal with gold colour finish. Double breasted. Both sleeves - Unit Shoulder flash- dark red with gold embroidery, warrant officer crown on lower sleeve. Makers label on inside front left On maker's label, black print on cotton fabric "REGIMENTAL No .../ NAME.../Also red print on cotton fabric - very faded. Unit Shoulder Flash, gold embroidery - "ROYAL AUSTRALIAN ARMY/MEDICAL CORPS.'uniform, australian army

Army Great Coat, khaki colour, wool, double breasted, has gold colour plastic buttons, inner lining cotton khaki colour.On Maker's label, Black ink print on cotton fabric - "8405-66/012-0493/DUNLOP/NSW/1966/Size 5/D(upwards arrow)Duniform, australian army, great coat

Greatcoat - Khaki colour woollen fabric with attached half belt. Inside pockets and lining to shoulders and sleeves - khaki colour with cotton fabric. Buttons Khaki plastic Double breasted. Maker's Label - Inside back below collar. On Maker's Label, Black ink print on cotton/polyester fabric "KINDRED MANUFACTURING/PTY LTD/QLD/D (Upwards Arrow) D/1983/???5-66-0? -1812/SIZE 100/TO FIT CHEST 100cm/NAME... SERVICE No....".uniform, australian army