This is a photocopy of the original report. The report is headed "Council of Agricultural Education, Victoria". At this time the Burnley School of Horticulture was under the aegis of the Council of Agricultural Education. Photocopy of Annual Report by C. Bogue Luffmann, 2 copies Annual Report, an examination paper and essays on horticultural subjects by C. Bogue Luffmann and several students. It is 39 pages, contains an annual report, an examination paper and essays on horticultural subjects, by C Bogue Luffmann and also by several students. These essays include: The prospectus of commercial fruit growing in Victoria - C Bogue Luffmann - principal The economy of design in fruit trees - C Bogue Luffmann How to choose, prepare and maintain fertility in orchard and garden soil - Tessa Smith - 1st year student Villa Gardening - Marian W Thompson - 1st year student Lemon culture - Florence Jacomb - 1st year student - and MW Thompson An examination paper - FJ Wilmoth - 1st year student Appendix: Select list of 12 leading fruits suitable for local and export marketscharles bogue luffman, principal, students, horticulture, horticulture school report, villa gardening, lemon culture, fruit trees, horticulture writing 19th century, turn of the century, 1899 horticulture school, luffmann

This quern was made from Harcourt granite. Querns were used for grinding wheat into flour. (Wooden handles missing from this catalogued object).It was most likely made on Mount Alexander, in spare time, by a quarry worker using his employer’s gang saw and other tools. Wheat is not now grown in Harcourt district . Early settlers engaged in cropping until they exhausted the fertility of the soil. This quern was utilized by a local pioneer who intended to be self-sufficient to the extent of grinding his own grain into flour.. Many local farmers sowed wheat immediately after clearing the land: raising of a wheat crop was evidence of use and improvement which, along with fencing and erecting other structures, was part of the mandatory steps to prove occupancy as a prelude to obtaining a Crown Grant for what had previously been deemed ‘crown land'The quern is of interest as a symbol of the desire for self-sufficiency and as a demonstration of the extent to which granite could be worked and shaped by masonry tools. Quern, granite, square slab with raised metal centre shaft and one rounded piece of granite with off-centre hole and side ridges.