Straw effigies of the enemy strung up at Seymour Army Camp for use in bayonet drill. It was this sight and the compulsory instruction in the art of killing other men that so repulsed Les Chandler that he requested a transfer to an ambulance unit where he sought to save lives rather than take them. photoseymour army camp, seymour, target range, target dummies, ww1, world war 1, aif, a.i.f

Black and white photographImage shows view looking from target pit up range.

A’ Squadron 8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles conducted an annual range day at Puckapunyal at which soldiers undertook instruction leading to qualification in a range of weapons including M26 Grenade, 84mm Carl Gustav Medium Antitank Weapon (MAW) and both .30 calibre and .50 calibre machine guns.Two colour photographs of soldiers of ' A ' Squadron 8/13 Victorian Mounted Rifles inspecting the effects of shooting on targets on Puckapunyal Range. The holes are the result of hollow charge ammunition which successfully penetrated the heavy armour of tank turrets.

The Victorian Rifle Association governs the operation of rifle ranges and target shooting clubs throughout Victoria. The Association was formed in 1860 and held its first individual competition at the end of that year. These programs were used by C. Curtis of the Orbost Rifle Club.The Orbost Rifle Club existed in the early 20th century. (There are records from 1900). It folded in the late 1970's. It had a substantial membership.Four programs for the Victorian Rifle association Annual Prize Meeting. 2090.1 has a pink cover -1967. 2090.2 has a pale green cover -1968. 2090.3 has a yellow cover -1969. 2090.4 has a pale green cover-1970. Inside 2090.4 is a newspaper cutting.orbost-rifle-club shooting victorian-rifle-association

During the 1950’s, the growing threat from Submarines, led the Royal Australian Navy to consider a quick reaction, long range ASW torpedo delivery system as an alternative to the USN’s ASROC and the RN’s Match. Full scale research and development began in 1960 using the Turana target drone as the basis for the delivery platform. Shipboard tests began in 1963 and the Government Aircraft Factory (GAF) began production of three variants M3, M4 and M5 in 1965. The M4 variant had a guidance system designed to interface to a full tactical data handling system while the M3 and M5 variants used a simpler system with a dedicated fire control system. The IKARA is an unmanned miniature aircraft with clip on upper and lower stabilizers and wings. The upper stabilizer (SVU) housed and electronic package that transmitted flight data back to the launch platform and received updated target acquisition data during flight. Flight maneuverability was provided by elevons fitted into the trailing edge of each wing, these were operated by an actuator system that received flight correction data transmitted to the autopilot from the fire control system. The payload, either the Mk44 or Mk46 lightweight torpedo was suspended to the underside of the airframe and faired into the body to provide and aerodynamic shape. The forward section of the body housed the autopilot and the thermal battery unit. Propulsion was provided by the MURAWA steel cased, solid propellant rocket motor with a combined boost and sustainer stage. IKARA was capable of engaging a target to the maximum range of the ships sonar, regardless of weather conditions. Target information is fed into the fire control system, which calculated to drop zone for the torpedo taking into account speed and direction of launch platform and target, win speed etc, then tracking the missile to the drop zone where command signals initiate torpedo release. The IKARA is an unmanned miniature aircraft with clip on upper and lower stabilizers and wings. navy, torpedo, rocket, submarine, missile

These photographs provide a visual record of assorted buildings, street views, and notable locations throughout Sunshine in 2022.This collection of photographs preserves a visual record of Sunshine 2022.5628.01 - Hampshire Rd 134 - Sunshine Panels 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.02 - Hampshire Rd 221A Sunshine - NNB Dessert House 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.03 - Hampshire Rd 234 - 246 Sunshine 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.04 - Hampshire Rd 254 2022 Sunshine Photo 01.JPG 5628.05 - Hampshire Rd 277 (Rear) Sunshine - Ruby's Club 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.06 - Hampshire Rd 324 - 328 Sunshine - Sunshine Plaza 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.07 - Hampshire Rd Sunshine Looking North from Railway Line 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.08 - Hampshire Rd Sunshine S-E Cnr Devonshire Rd 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.09 - Hampshire Rd Sunshine - Sunshine Primary School 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.10 - Sunshine Rifle Club Site Kororoit Creek Ford between the Shooting And Target Butts 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.11 - Sunshine Rifle Club Site Kororoit Creek Approx Site of Former Sunshine Rifle Range Target Butt Site 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.12 - Sunshine Rifle Club Site Kororoit Creek Approx Site of Former Sunshine Rifle Range Target Butt Site 2022 Photo 02.JPG 5628.13 - Kororoit Creek Fraser St Stony Creek Outlet 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.14 - Market Rd 6 Sunshine 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.15 - Market Rd 6 Sunshine 2022 Photo 02.JPG 5628.16 - Market Rd Sunshine 16 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.17 - McIntyre Rd Looking Toward Bendigo Railway Line Underpass 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.18 - McKay's Pedestrian Bridge 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.19 - Ormond Ave 31 Sunshine - United Pumps 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.20 - Second Ave 12 Sunshine 2022 Photo 02.JPG 5628.22 - Second Ave 23 - 25 Sunshine - Former Cabinet Works 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.21 - Man Lifting Cow Hampshire Rd 2020 Photo 01.JPG 5628.23 - Service St 5 Sunshine 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.24 - Service St 15 - 19 Sunshine - Building Under Construction 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.25 - St. Albans Rd Sunshine North - Former Albion Station Site (1859 - 1861) 2022 Photo 04.JPG 5628.26 - Station Place 66 Sunshine 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.27 - Sun Cres 5 - 7 Sunshine 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.28 - Sun Cres 5 - 9 Sunshine 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.29 - Sun Cres 9 Sunshine 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.30 - Sun Cres 11 - 17 Sunshine 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.31 - Sun Cres 15 - 21 Sunshine 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.32 - Sun Cres 29 Sunshine - Sun Cres Medical Centre 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.33 - Sun Cres 33 Sunshine 2022 Photo 01 (2).JPG 5628.34 - Sun Cres 33 Sunshine 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.35 - Sun Cres 202 Sunshine Photo 01.JPG 5628.36 - Sun Cres 2022 Sunshine Photo 02.JPG 5628.37 - Sun Cres 2022 Sunshine Photo 08.JPG 5628.38 - Sun Cres And Durham Rd Sunshine Intersection Looking South 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.39 - Sun Cres Sunshine 2022 Photo 03.JPG 5628.40 - Sun Cres Sunshine 2022 Photo 05.JPG 5628.41 - Sun Cres Sunshine 2022 Photo 06.JPG 5628.42 - Sun Cres Sunshine 2022 Photo 07.JPG 5628.43 - Sun Cres Sunshine 2022 Photo 09.JPG 5628.44 - Sun Cres Sunshine 2022 Photo 10.JPG 5628.45 - Sun Cres Sunshine Looking West 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.46 - Suns Cres Sunshine 31 2022 Photo 01.JPG 5628.47 - Suns Cres 32 - 36 Sunshine 2022 Photo 01.JPG hampshire road, sunshine, dickson street, sunshine plaza, sunshine primary school, kororoit creek, market road, mcintyre road, ormond avenue, second avenue, man lifting cow, service street, st. albans road, sun crescent, sunshine north

This artifact is a sample of small caliber lead shot recovered by Flagstaff Hill divers from the wreck of the Loch Ard in 1975. Included in her diverse and valuable cargo were 22 tons of lead shot, packed in cloth bags and wooden casks. Bulk quantities of lead shot, uniformly round balls of dull grey metal ranging from 2mm “birdshot” to 8mm “buckshot”, were routinely exported to the Australian colonies. Shot was used mostly as projectiles fired from smooth bored guns to bring down moving targets such as wild ducks and small game. It was also useful as ballast, when a dense, “pourable” weight was required to fill cavities or establish volume within a measuring container. The production of consistently round spheres of lead shot required the pouring of molten metal through a sieve and then a long drop through the atmosphere to a water filled basin for final cooling and collection. This “shot tower” process was first patented by William Watts of Bristol in 1782. His calculation of a 150 feet fall was not only to form evenly spherical droplets through surface tension, but also to provide partial cooling and solidification to each shot before they hit the water below. The value of his innovation was the minimising of indentation and shape distortion, avoiding the expense of re-smelting and re-moulding the lead. Lead shot was already being produced in Australia at the time the Loch Ard sinking in March 1878. James Moir had constructed a 157 feet circular stone shot tower near Hobart in 1870, with a peak annual production of 100 tons of lead shot sold in 28 pound linen bags. However colonial demand exceeded this source of local supply. The continued strength of the market for lead shot in the Colony of Victoria prompted substantial investment in additional productive capacity in Melbourne in the next decade. In 1882 Richard Hodgson erected the 160 feet round chimney-shaped Clifton Hill shot tower on Alexandra Parade (VHR H0709) and in 1889 Walter Coop built the 160 feet square tower-shaped Melbourne Central shot tower on La Trobe Street (VHR H0067). At its peak, the Coop Tower produced 6 tons of lead shot per week, or 312 tons per annum. History of the Loch Ard: The Loch Ard got its name from "Loch Ard" a loch that lies to the west of Aberfoyle, and the east of Loch Lomond. It means "high lake" in Scottish Gaelic. The vessel belonged to the famous Loch Line which sailed many vessels from England to Australia. The Loch Ard was built in Glasgow by Barclay, Curle & Co. in 1873, the vessel was a three-masted square-rigged iron sailing ship that measured 79.87 meters in length, 11.58 m in width, and 7 m in depth with a gross tonnage of 1693 tons with a mainmast that measured a massive 45.7 m in height. Loch Ard made three trips to Australia and one trip to Calcutta before its fateful voyage. Loch Ard left England on March 2, 1878, under the command of 29-year-old Captain Gibbs, who was newly married. The ship was bound for Melbourne with a crew of 37, plus 17 passengers. The general cargo reflected the affluence of Melbourne at the time. Onboard were straw hats, umbrellas, perfumes, clay pipes, pianos, clocks, confectionery, linen, and candles, as well as a heavier load of railway irons, cement, lead, and copper. There were other items included that were intended for display in the Melbourne International Exhibition of 1880. The voyage to Port Phillip was long but uneventful. Then at 3 am on June 1, 1878, Captain Gibbs was expecting to see land. But the Loch Ard was running into a fog which greatly reduced visibility. Captain Gibbs was becoming anxious as there was no sign of land or the Cape Otway lighthouse. At 4 am the fog lifted and a lookout aloft announced that he could see breakers. The sheer cliffs of Victoria's west coast came into view, and Captain Gibbs realised that the ship was much closer to them than expected. He ordered as much sail to be set as time would permit and then attempted to steer the vessel out to sea. On coming head-on into the wind, the ship lost momentum, the sails fell limp and Loch Ard's bow swung back towards land. Gibbs then ordered the anchors to be released in an attempt to hold their position. The anchors sank some 50 fathoms - but did not hold. By this time the ship was among the breakers and the tall cliffs of Mutton Bird Island rose behind. Just half a mile from the coast, the ship's bow was suddenly pulled around by the anchor. The captain tried to tack out to sea, but the ship struck a reef at the base of Mutton Bird Island, near Port Campbell. Waves subsequently broke over the ship and the top deck became loosened from the hull. The masts and rigging came crashing down knocking passengers and crew overboard. When a lifeboat was finally launched, it crashed into the side of Loch Ard and capsized. Tom Pearce, who had launched the boat, managed to cling to its overturned hull and shelter beneath it. He drifted out to sea and then on the flood tide came into what is now known as Lochard Gorge. He swam to shore, bruised and dazed, and found a cave in which to shelter. Some of the crew stayed below deck to shelter from the falling rigging but drowned when the ship slipped off the reef into deeper water. Eva Carmichael a passenger had raced onto the deck to find out what was happening only to be confronted by towering cliffs looming above the stricken ship. In all the chaos, Captain Gibbs grabbed Eva and said, "If you are saved Eva, let my dear wife know that I died like a sailor". That was the last Eva Carmichael saw of the captain. She was swept off the ship by a huge wave. Eva saw Tom Pearce on a small rocky beach and yelled to attract his attention. He dived in and swam to the exhausted woman and dragged her to shore. He took her to the cave and broke the open case of brandy that had washed up on the beach. He opened a bottle to revive the unconscious woman. A few hours later Tom scaled a cliff in search of help. He followed hoof prints and came by chance upon two men from nearby Glenample Station three and a half miles away. In a complete state of exhaustion, he told the men of the tragedy. Tom then returned to the gorge while the two men rode back to the station to get help. By the time they reached Loch Ard Gorge, it was cold and dark. The two shipwreck survivors were taken to Glenample Station to recover. Eva stayed at the station for six weeks before returning to Ireland by steamship. In Melbourne, Tom Pearce received a hero's welcome. He was presented with the first gold medal of the Royal Humane Society of Victoria and a £1000 cheque from the Victorian Government. Concerts were performed to honour the young man's bravery and to raise money for those who lost families in the disaster. Of the 54 crew members and passengers on board, only two survived: the apprentice, Tom Pearce, and the young woman passenger, Eva Carmichael, who lost her family in the tragedy. Ten days after the Lochard tragedy, salvage rights to the wreck were sold at auction for £2,120. Cargo valued at £3,000 was salvaged and placed on the beach, but most washed back into the sea when another storm developed. The wreck of Lochard still lies at the base of Mutton Bird Island. Much of the cargo has now been salvaged and some items were washed up into Lochard Gorge. Cargo and artifacts have also been illegally salvaged over many years before protective legislation was introduced in March 1982. One of the most unlikely pieces of cargo to have survived the shipwreck was a Minton majolica peacock- one of only nine in the world. The peacock was destined for the Melbourne 1880 International Exhibition. It had been well packed, which gave it adequate protection during the violent storm. Today the Minton peacock can be seen at the Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum in Warrnambool. From Australia's most dramatic shipwreck it has now become Australia's most valuable shipwreck artifact and is one of very few 'objects' on the Victorian State Heritage Register.The shipwreck of the Loch Ard is of significance for Victoria and is registered on the Victorian Heritage Register ( S 417). Flagstaff Hill has a varied collection of artifacts from Loch Ard and its collection is significant for being one of the largest accumulation of artifacts from this notable Victorian shipwreck of which the subject items are a small part. The collection's objects give us a snapshot of how we can interpret the story of this tragic event. The collection is also archaeologically significant as it represents aspects of Victoria's shipping history that allows us to interpret Victoria's social and historical themes of the time. Through is associated with the worst and best-known shipwreck in Victoria's history.Lead shot; a group of mixed -sized lead shot. Small 2mm shot is embedded in a sea sediment clump of concretion. Also in the group are also 5 single 2mm shot and 4 single 4mm shot that are clean and free of sediment. The shot was recovered from the wreck of the Loch Ard.Nonewarrnambool, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime village, flagstaff hill maritime museum, shipwreck artefact, lead shot, loch ard, colonial industry, melbourne shot towers, victorian metallurgy, colonial imports

This was the main target used for bombing and strafing practice during WWII by trainees at the RAAF Air School at Nhill.Original target from the bombing range. Other temporary wooden targets were used but this is the only original target that now exists.This target is made of 10mm steel plate. Two circles approximately 1.5 metres in diameter are slotted and joined at right angles so that when viewed from a distance would always appear as a round ball. Includes four support stays approx. 14 foot long 3" steel pipe with flattened ends.It is marked in several places due to being hit by bombs.target,

This photograph appears to have been taken during the construction of the rifle range just north of the Orbost township. "The photo shows the range stop butt being formed by the scoops being pulled by the horses. It appears that the rear of the mound there is a wall of logs lining it, most likely to help with being eroded or washed away. They haven’t yet formed the mantlet and target machines." ( Info, from Victorian Rifle Association) The Orbost Rifle Club existed in the early 20th century. (There are records from 1900). It folded in the late 1970's.Target shooting is one of the oldest organised sports in Australia. Records date back to the British Marines at Sydney Cove in 1788. The Victorian Rifle Association (VRA) was formed in 1860. After Federation in 1901, rifle clubs came under army control, but in 1921 they were reconstituted as a civilian organisation, which they have remained ever since. After World War I a system of national training was embodied in the Defence Act and the rifle clubs reverted to their purely sporting role. A black / white photograph of four men and four horses standing an a soil bank with another man, a lady and a small girl at the base of the hill. It is in a clearing in forest. It appears to have a row of targets set at the edge of the bank. The photograph is mounted on a very mouldy cream coloured buff card.on front - "Wood" ; "Rifle Range - 1901" ; "Orbost 1901"sport-shooting orbost-rifle-range

The objects comprise a quantity of small calibre lead shot raised from the LOCH ARD shipwreck site by Flagstaff Hill divers in 1976. The Maritime Village’s collection has companion pieces. The three masted, iron hulled, LOCH ARD was wrecked against the tall limestone cliffs of Mutton Bird Island in the early hours of the first of June 1878. Included in her diverse and valuable cargo were 22 tons of lead shot, packed in cloth bags and wooden casks. Bulk quantities of lead shot, uniformly round balls of dull grey metal ranging from 2mm “birdshot” to 8mm “buckshot”, were routinely exported to the Australian colonies. Shot was used mostly as projectiles fired from smooth bored guns to bring down moving targets such as wild ducks and small game. It was also useful as ballast, when a dense, “pourable” weight was required to fill cavities or establish volume within a measuring container. The production of consistently round spheres of lead shot required the pouring of molten metal through a sieve and then a long drop through the atmosphere to a water filled basin for final cooling and collection. This “shot tower” process was first patented by William Watts of Bristol in 1782. His calculation of a 150 feet fall was not only to form evenly spherical droplets through surface tension, but also to provide partial cooling and solidification to each shot before they hit the water below. The value of his innovation was the minimising of indentation and shape distortion, avoiding the expense of re-smelting and re-moulding the lead. Lead shot was already being produced in Australia at the time the LOCH ARD loaded her cargo and left Gravesend on the second of March 1878. James Moir constructed a 157 feet circular stone shot tower near Hobart in 1870, with a peak annual production of 100 tons of lead shot sold in 28 pound linen bags. However colonial demand exceeded this source of local supply. The continued strength of the market for lead shot in the Colony of Victoria prompted substantial investment in additional productive capacity in Melbourne in the next decade. In 1882 Richard Hodgson erected the 160 feet round chimney-shaped Clifton Hill shot tower on Alexandra Parade (VHR H0709) and in 1889 Walter Coop built the 160 feet square tower-shaped Melbourne Central shot tower on La Trobe Street (VHR H0067). At its peak, the Coop Tower produced 6 tons of lead shot per week, or 312 tons per annum. HISTORY OF THE LOCH ARD The LOCH ARD belonged to the famous Loch Line which sailed many ships from England to Australia. Built in Glasgow by Barclay, Curdle and Co. in 1873, the LOCH ARD was a three-masted square rigged iron sailing ship. The ship measured 262ft 7" (79.87m) in length, 38ft (11.58m) in width, 23ft (7m) in depth and had a gross tonnage of 1693 tons. The LOCH ARD's main mast measured a massive 150ft (45.7m) in height. LOCH ARD made three trips to Australia and one trip to Calcutta before its final voyage. LOCH ARD left England on March 2, 1878, under the command of Captain Gibbs, a newly married, 29 year old. She was bound for Melbourne with a crew of 37, plus 17 passengers and a load of cargo. The general cargo reflected the affluence of Melbourne at the time. On board were straw hats, umbrella, perfumes, clay pipes, pianos, clocks, confectionary, linen and candles, as well as a heavier load of railway irons, cement, lead and copper. There were items included that intended for display in the Melbourne International Exhibition in 1880. The voyage to Port Phillip was long but uneventful. At 3am on June 1, 1878, Captain Gibbs was expecting to see land and the passengers were becoming excited as they prepared to view their new homeland in the early morning. But LOCH ARD was running into a fog which greatly reduced visibility. Captain Gibbs was becoming anxious as there was no sign of land or the Cape Otway lighthouse. At 4am the fog lifted. A man aloft announced that he could see breakers. The sheer cliffs of Victoria's west coast came into view, and Captain Gibbs realised that the ship was much closer to them than expected. He ordered as much sail to be set as time would permit and then attempted to steer the vessel out to sea. On coming head on into the wind, the ship lost momentum, the sails fell limp and LOCH ARD's bow swung back. Gibbs then ordered the anchors to be released in an attempt to hold its position. The anchors sank some 50 fathoms - but did not hold. By this time LOCH ARD was among the breakers and the tall cliffs of Mutton Bird Island rose behind the ship. Just half a mile from the coast, the ship's bow was suddenly pulled around by the anchor. The captain tried to tack out to sea, but the ship struck a reef at the base of Mutton Bird Island, near Port Campbell. Waves broke over the ship and the top deck was loosened from the hull. The masts and rigging came crashing down knocking passengers and crew overboard. When a lifeboat was finally launched, it crashed into the side of LOCH ARD and capsized. Tom Pearce, who had launched the boat, managed to cling to its overturned hull and shelter beneath it. He drifted out to sea and then on the flood tide came into what is now known as LOCH ARD Gorge. He swam to shore, bruised and dazed, and found a cave in which to shelter. Some of the crew stayed below deck to shelter from the falling rigging but drowned when the ship slipped off the reef into deeper water. Eva Carmichael had raced onto deck to find out what was happening only to be confronted by towering cliffs looming above the stricken ship. In all the chaos, Captain Gibbs grabbed Eva and said, "If you are saved Eva, let my dear wife know that I died like a sailor". That was the last Eva Carmichael saw of the captain. She was swept off the ship by a huge wave. Eva saw Tom Pearce on a small rocky beach and yelled to attract his attention. He dived in and swam to the exhausted woman and dragged her to shore. He took her to the cave and broke open case of brandy which had washed up on the beach. He opened a bottle to revive the unconscious woman. A few hours later Tom scaled a cliff in search of help. He followed hoof prints and came by chance upon two men from nearby Glenample Station three and a half miles away. In a state of exhaustion, he told the men of the tragedy. Tom returned to the gorge while the two men rode back to the station to get help. By the time they reached LOCH ARD Gorge, it was cold and dark. The two shipwreck survivors were taken to Glenample Station to recover. Eva stayed at the station for six weeks before returning to Ireland, this time by steamship. In Melbourne, Tom Pearce received a hero's welcome. He was presented with the first gold medal of the Royal Humane Society of Victoria and a £1000 cheque from the Victorian Government. Concerts were performed to honour the young man's bravery and to raise money for those who lost family in the LOCH ARD disaster. Of the 54 crew members and passengers on board, only two survived: the apprentice, Tom Pearce and the young woman passenger, Eva Carmichael, who lost all of her family in the tragedy. Ten days after the LOCH ARD tragedy, salvage rights to the wreck were sold at auction for £2,120. Cargo valued at £3,000 was salvaged and placed on the beach, but most washed back into the sea when another storm developed. The wreck of LOCH ARD still lies at the base of Mutton Bird Island. Much of the cargo has now been salvaged and some was washed up into what is now known as LOCH ARD Gorge. Cargo and artefacts have also been illegally salvaged over many years before protective legislation was introduced. One of the most unlikely pieces of cargo to have survived the shipwreck was a Minton porcelain peacock - one of only nine in the world. The peacock was destined for the Melbourne International Exhibition in 1880. It had been well packed, which gave it adequate protection during the violent storm. Today, the Minton peacock can be seen at the Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum in Warrnambool. From Australia's most dramatic shipwreck it has now become Australia's most valuable shipwreck artefact and is one of very few 'objects' on the Victorian State Heritage Register. The shipwreck of the LOCH ARD is of State significance – Victorian Heritage Register S417 Flagstaff Hill’s collection of artefacts from LOCH ARD is significant for being one of the largest collections of artefacts from this shipwreck in Victoria. It is significant for its association with the shipwreck, which is on the Victorian Heritage Register (VHR S417). The collection is significant because of the relationship between the objects, as together they have a high potential to interpret the story of the LOCH ARD. The LOCH ARD collection is archaeologically significant as the remains of a large international passenger and cargo ship. The LOCH ARD collection is historically significant for representing aspects of Victoria’s shipping history and its potential to interpret sub-theme 1.5 of Victoria’s Framework of Historical Themes (living with natural processes). The collection is also historically significant for its association with the LOCH ARD, which was one of the worst and best known shipwrecks in Victoria’s history. A quantity of lead shot pellets retrieved from the wreck of the LOCH ARD. There are 242 loose 2mm pieces and 17 loose 4mm pieces. They are in good condition, with some shape distortion and sedimentary concretion, and shot tower made.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, loch line, loch ard, captain gibbs, eva carmichael, tom pearce, glenample station, mutton bird island, loch ard gorge, lead shot, colonial industry, melbourne shot towers, victorian metallurgy, colonial imports

The objects are a small sample of small gauge lead shot raised by Flagstaff Hill divers from the LOCH ARD shipwreck site in 1976. Companion pieces are in the Maritime Village collection. The three masted, iron hulled, LOCH ARD was wrecked against the tall limestone cliffs of Mutton Bird Island in the early hours of the first of June 1878. Included in her diverse and valuable cargo were 22 tons of lead shot, packed in cloth bags and wooden casks. Bulk quantities of lead shot, uniformly round balls of dull grey metal ranging from 2mm “birdshot” to 8mm “buckshot”, were routinely exported to the Australian colonies. Shot was used mostly as projectiles fired from smooth bored guns to bring down moving targets such as wild ducks and small game. It was also useful as ballast, when a dense, “pourable” weight was required to fill cavities or establish volume within a measuring container. The production of consistently round spheres of lead shot required the pouring of molten metal through a sieve and then a long drop through the atmosphere to a water filled basin for final cooling and collection. This “shot tower” process was first patented by William Watts of Bristol in 1782. His calculation of a 150 feet fall was not only to form evenly spherical droplets through surface tension, but also to provide partial cooling and solidification to each shot before they hit the water below. The value of his innovation was the minimising of indentation and shape distortion, avoiding the expense of re-smelting and re-moulding the lead. Lead shot was already being produced in Australia at the time the LOCH ARD loaded her cargo and left Gravesend on the second of March 1878. James Moir constructed a 157 feet circular stone shot tower near Hobart in 1870, with a peak annual production of 100 tons of lead shot sold in 28 pound linen bags. However colonial demand exceeded this source of local supply. The continued strength of the market for lead shot in the Colony of Victoria prompted substantial investment in additional productive capacity in Melbourne in the next decade. In 1882 Richard Hodgson erected the 160 feet round chimney-shaped Clifton Hill shot tower on Alexandra Parade (VHR H0709) and in 1889 Walter Coop built the 160 feet square tower-shaped Melbourne Central shot tower on La Trobe Street (VHR H0067). At its peak, the Coop Tower produced 6 tons of lead shot per week, or 312 tons per annum. The shipwreck of the LOCH ARD is of State significance – Victorian Heritage Register S417 Flagstaff Hill’s collection of artefacts from LOCH ARD is significant for being one of the largest collections of artefacts from this shipwreck in Victoria. It is significant for its association with the shipwreck, which is on the Victorian Heritage Register (VHR S417). The collection is significant because of the relationship between the objects, as together they have a high potential to interpret the story of the LOCH ARD. The LOCH ARD collection is archaeologically significant as the remains of a large international passenger and cargo ship. The LOCH ARD collection is historically significant for representing aspects of Victoria’s shipping history and its potential to interpret sub-theme 1.5 of Victoria’s Framework of Historical Themes (living with natural processes). The collection is also historically significant for its association with the LOCH ARD, which was one of the worst and best known shipwrecks in Victoria’s history. A quantity of 2mm and 4mm lead shot ammunition retrieved from the LOCH ARD shipwreck site. They are concreted together by sediment. There are (6) small pieces with some single shot and a larger conglomerate of cemented shot. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, loch line, loch ard, captain gibbs, eva carmichael, tom pearce, glenample station, mutton bird island, loch ard gorge, lead shot, colonial industry, melbourne shot towers, victorian metallurgy, colonial imports

Black and white photograph (2 images)Images show the remains of the hut and shed after being destroyed by the bushfire.

Black and white photographImage shows the remains of the target shed after being destroyed by the bushfire.

Black and white photograph (2 images)Typed note on back of one of the photographs: "Ringwood Rifle Range, Warrandyte after the bushfires of 1962. Remains of the target shed near entrance to pit. R. Johnson, Peter Pullin (with stick), R. Pullin, J. Hinds."

Luncheon reception held at Austin Hospital, Heidelberg to open appeal for the Stage 2 Building Appeal. L-R: Mr H. Foletta, Chairman of Austin Hospital Appeals Committee, Cr. J.O. White, J.P., Shire President, The Hon. R.J. Hamer, E.D., M.P., Premier of Victoria, and Treasuer and Minister of the Arts. The July 1973 appeal's target was $500,000, which with government subsidies aimed to pay for a nine-story building alongside stage one - a combined ten-storey teaching, research and medical centre. The new block was planned to provide the Austin Hospital with 218 additional beds, eight extra operating theartres and a comprehensive range of medical, diagnostic, therapeutic and anciliary services. The hospital conducted a door knock appeal in the Heidelberg and Eltham districts on Sunday July 22. This photo forms part of a collection of photographs gathered by the Shire of Eltham for their centenary project book,"Pioneers and Painters: 100 years of the Shire of Eltham" by Alan Marshall (1971). The collection of over 500 images is held in partnership between Eltham District Historical Society and Yarra Plenty Regional Library (Eltham Library) and is now formally known as the 'The Shire of Eltham Pioneers Photograph Collection.' It is significant in being the first community sourced collection representing the places and people of the Shire's first one hundred years.Digital image 120 format B&W negative EDHS_01922 (4 strips, 12 frames - Frame 9) Print 20 x 25 cmaustin hospital, austin hospital appeal, austin hospital appeals committee, cr. j.o. white, fundraising, h. foletta, heidelberg, hon. r.j. hamer, other areas, p.j. catchlove, premier of victoria, rupert hamer, sepp, shire of eltham pioneers photograph collection, shire president, victorian premier

This book was a highly regarded reference book for students in primary and lower secondary schools within Victoria from the late 1800s to the mid 1900s. The book provided students with the fundamental knowledge of botany for the era in which it was produced. As this book was targeting a junior schooling level (basic), it could cover a greater and extended reader population. Teaching institutions could, because of its straight forward, basic written information, retain this book's circulation for a greater length of time, thereby optimising the return against the greater initial costs of importing it from England.This book was produced in a time where learning was at a relatively slower pace (due to a smaller source and supply of material). The availability of a large range of cheap reference books such as that offered from 1971 on wards via the internet "Project Guttenberg" in the form of electronic books, has dramatically provided a larger source of reference material. The significance of this book on botany, is that it was highly effective for the era in which it was produced and in particular the students at a rural based school. Being in a rural area students were able to identify local vegetation to the various life cycles of plants presented in this mainly United Kingdom/European referenced book. The students in the Kiewa Valley and attending a rural school, where in a position to study all the fundamental teaching that this book encompassed. This in one way provided students in the valley a slightly better appreciation between book and real life (on the land, in the field and by the river). Later publications of this book had additional Australian references in them.This hard covered book(cloth strengthened) is faded(aged) beige in colour and consists of 204 pages. It is printed in English (black print) on both sides and contains illustrations of both free hand sketches and photographs of plants, both foliage and roots systems. The book is arranged in three sections: three pages of preface, two of contents (28 chapters). The last four pages contain the appendix and index.On spine "BOTANY" underneath "R.H. YAPP" and at bottom the Cambridge coat of Arms and below this "CAMBRIDGE" The front cover "BOTANY" underneath this "A JUNIOR BOOK FOR SCHOOLS" and below this a an illustration of a four leaf petal(flower of Germander Speedwell) the same as appears on the cover of edition 2, however this book is edition 3. At the bottom is "R.H. YAPPschool, botany, text books, science experiments, nature

Luncheon reception held at Austin Hospital, Heidelberg to open appeal for the Stage 2 Building Appeal. L-R: Mr. Colin J. Bock, Shire secretary/Chief Administrative Officer, Cr. J.O. White J.P., Shire President, The Hon. R.J. Hamer, E.D., M.P., Premier of Victoria, and treasurer and Minister of the Arts. The July 1973 appeal's target was $500,000, which with government subsidies aimed to pay for a nine-story building alongside stage one - a combined ten-storey teaching, research and medical centre. The new block was planned to provide the Austin Hospital with 218 additional beds, eight extra operating theartres and a comprehensive range of medical, diagnostic, therapeutic and anciliary services. The hospital conducted a door knock appeal in the Heidelberg and Eltham districts on Sunday July 22.This photo forms part of a collection of photographs gathered by the Shire of Eltham for their centenary project book, "Pioneers and Painters: 100 years of the Shire of Eltham" by Alan Marshall (1971). The collection of over 500 images is held in partnership between Eltham District Historical Society and Yarra Plenty Regional Library (Eltham Library) and is now formally known as 'The Shire of Eltham Pioneers Photograph Collection.' It is significant in being the first community sourced collection representing the places and people of the Shire's first one hundred years.Digital image 120 format B&W negative EDHS_01922 (4 strips, 12 frames - Frame 8)austin hospital, austin hospital appeal, austin hospital appeals committee, colin j. bock, cr. j.o. white, fundraising, heidelberg, hon. r.j. hamer, other areas, p.j. catchlove, premier of victoria, rupert hamer, sepp, shire of eltham pioneers photograph collection, shire president, victorian premier

The mid 1900's provided the start of "the body beautiful" revolution. The cosmetic industry, with the help of quasi scientific selling advertising slant targeted those "customers" that needed the "extra care" factor that only their product could offer. At this period in time their advertising power was based on in store, radio and newspaper media channels with saturation levels relatively low. In the later years of the 1900's saturation levels and a wider range of products and increased competition further increased the product saturation levels available to the buying residents. With the introduction of television the advertisements become more elaborate and "catchy" words, phrases and comedy type situations helped boost the advertising "pitch" and subliminal undertones to effective levels required for a highly competitive health related market place. 'sellingThis subliminally,"medically" endorsed product was one of many during the great "spin" revolution of product marketing and selling. This item is significant in that it demonstrates that greater infusion of product awareness throughout rural areas was highly successful through a greater variety of advertising media. It also demonstrates that in a highly competitive marketplace there are no physical boundaries that impinge upon the distribution of products and services. The rural sector is a highly lucrative region for any product that helps protect the body from all the "nasty's" that become more noticeable in a rural environment. This rectangular box which had contained cuticle soap is constructed from cardboard and reinforced by a black nylon impregnated sheeting. This impregnation was required to keep the box from soaking up any water from the user's hands. The top section of the box(lid) has and in large print "KELSEY'S" top line followed by "CUTICLE" off to the right and underneath and to the right "SOAP". Below this and in smaller print is "MEDICINALLY..." below this and in smaller print "EMOLLIENT AND REFRESHING, REDOLENT, CLEANSES, CURES, PRESERVES, PURIFIES." and last line underneath "SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR TENDER SKIN" On each of the sides of the top lid are, side 1 "INVALUABLE FOR THE NURSERY." underneath in smaller print "JOHN M. KELSEY CO." to the left of this and on a green backed highlighter "No. 1744 - Guaranteed under Pure Food Act, 1908, N.S.W. by John M. Kelsey Co. - No. 1744. Melbourne, Victoria." On the right side and in large print "KELSEY'S CUTICLE SOAP" on the next side and also a similar sign on the opposite side "SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR TENDER SKIN." below this "JOHN M. KELSEY CO." "Registered" and on the other long side in large print "SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR TENDER SKIN" underneath in smaller print JOHN M. KELSEY CO. Registered"specialised soap, toilet requisites, nursery health., bathroom, domestic

Luncheon reception held at Austin Hospital, Heidelberg to open appeal for the Stage 2 Building Appeal. The July 1973 appeal's target was $500,000, which with government subsidies aimed to pay for a nine-story building alongside stage one - a combined ten-storey teaching, research and medical centre. The new block was planned to provide the Austin Hospital with 218 additional beds, eight extra operating theartres and a comprehensive range of medical, diagnostic, therapeutic and anciliary services. The hospital conducted a door knock appeal in the Heidelberg and Eltham districts on Sunday July 22.Negative black and white film 120 6x6 format 4 stripsIlford HP4 Panchromaticaustin hospital, austin hospital appeal, austin hospital appeals committee, colin j. bock, cr. j.o. white, fundraising, h. foletta, heidelberg, hon. r.j. hamer, other areas, p.j. catchlove, premier of victoria, rupert hamer, sepp, shire of eltham pioneers photograph collection, shire president, victorian premier

BHS CollectionBendigo Advertiser '' The way we were'' from 2002. On target: Violet street, the junior winners of the cadet matches at Williamstown Rifle Range in December, 1909. Back row: Mr. McKay, Mr Richardson and Mr T. Jones. Middle row: cadets W. McRobert, P. Fulton and A. Clark. Front row: cadets W. Aylett, W. Still, K. Roberts, F. Roberts and O. Whitelaw. The clip is in a folder.newspaper, bendigo advertiser, the way we were

Standard issue item as used by Australian servicemen during the conflict in Vietnam. A plotting board is a mechanical device used as part of a firing control system to track the observed course of a target, project its future position, and derive the azimuth (or direction) and range needed to direct the fire of the guns of a battery to hit that target.White plastic base. A circle marked with grid lines is printed on the base and a vernier for finding azimuth deflections in along top edge. Rotating disc pivots at the centre atop the disc with distances measured radially form 0 at the centre to 3400 metres around the rim range form 0-6400 metres. A scale pivoted at the centre assists in reading distances.Nth and Sth top and bottom on rotating disc. East and West in centre distances in black on outer of disc. Distances in green on inner North, South, East, West. Varn W left bottom of disc. varn E on right bottom of disc.plotting board, m16

From the private collection of John WillatonHand drawn map of Sunshine Rifle Club Kororoit Creek Shooting Range showing position of the Rifle and Target Butt Kororoit Creek Ford Anderson Rd and Wright St 1916sunshine rifle club, kororoit creek, sunshine

Kathryn Knitwear, founded by Robert Blake, manufactured high quality children’s knitwear in Melbourne from the 1940s – 1980s. Robert Blake began manufacturing children’s knitwear in his bedroom in Strathmore using a hand powered machine in the late 1940s. The operation moved to Ascot Vale and Essendon, before eventually establishing a factory in Moonee Ponds in the early 1950s. The business continued to expand, necessitating a move to a new factory in Broadmeadows. By 1962, the Broadmeadows factory was producing an average of 20,000 garments per month, which increased to 24,000 by 1964. Robert Blake’s Son, Brendan recalls that “The Kathryn brand was famous around Australia, anywhere children needed to keep warm and dress smartly. It also won a number of wool fashion awards”, including the 1969 Wool Awards, which was held by the Australian Wool Bureau and published in Women’s Weekly. The Kathryn range was designed for durability, comfort and care, without sacrificing style. They used patterning techniques that increase stretchiness, comfort and fit, as well as integrating decorative elements into the fabric to prevent them from being bulky, uncomfortable or tight. Making longevity of style a priority, Brendan Blake remembers that “there was one particular garment that was in the range for at least thirty years”. He also recalls “In the past, when women have found out that I was associated with Kathryn Knitwear, they would often relate to me the story of a garment they had purchased or received as a gift and, when their child had grown out of it, they would hand it on to another child. Several ladies have told me of purchasing garments for their daughters’ glory box, or saving a particular garment after their daughter had grown out of it. Brendan Blake: “At the peak of their operation they employed approximately two hundred people, mainly women and girls. A family would often seek to send their daughter to work in this company because they knew they would be looked after and safe. One lady wrote to me telling me that working at the Moonee Ponds Factory prior to getting married was the happiest time of her life.” In 1963, workers at the Kathryn factory earned £13 per week, which was 8 shillings and 8 pence higher than the minimum weekly wage for female workers in the textile manufacturing industry (£12 11s 4d). By 1970, the Kathryn Knitwear brand expanded from children’s knitwear into womenswear under the brand name ‘Lady Kathryn’, and for boys and men under ‘Robert Blake’. Continuing to diversify their distribution, they also began exporting ‘Kathryn’ garments to New Zealand, the Pacific Islands, and Japan. ‘Kathryn Knitwear’ was well-known for their early adoption of modern materials and techniques that had broad appeal to their customer base. This is shown in their early use of the acrylic fibre ‘Orlon’ in the 50s and 60s and ‘Superwash’ wool in the 1970s. Many of Kathryn Knitwear’s styles, particularly those that were long running staples of the brand, were available in both wool and Orlon to suit the consumer’s preference. Far from the humble origins of one man in his bedroom with a hand-cranked machine; at its closure in 1980, the Broadmeadows factory of ‘Kathryn’ housed more than 100 machines, including 53 sewing machines and 45 knitting machines. Robert Blake was “a passionate advocate for wool and Australian Made” throughout his whole life. A strong thread that ties through the lifespan of Robert Blake and Kathryn Knitwear is a balance between adopting new innovations without sacrificing the core values of durability, comfort, care and style that had made the brand so well known. Their legacy forms an integral part of both Australian social and manufacturing history.Letter from Myer (Melbourne) Limited to William Blake. The letter confirms and details of a meeting held to discuss business arrangements between Kathryn Knitwear and Myer. Due to the lack of signatory, it is likely there was originally additional pages that have been lost. It is typewritten in blue ink on white paper, with smudges and pen marks evident.MYER (MELBOURNE) LIMITED. 314-336 Bourke Street, Melbourne C.1. 66 111 July 10, 1967 Mr. William Blake Kathryn Knitwear. P.O. Box 49. BROADMEADOWS Vic. Dear Mr. Blake. This is to confirm and itemize details of the discussion held in my office on Monday, July 10, at which time the following points were discussed: - 1. Action to be taken on:- (a) Regular Kathryn range. (b) Special lines to be developed under the Kathryn label confined to Myers stores. These to fit into the regular Kathryn price fields. (c) Special price lines to be developed exclusively for Myers stores, also that for these price lines the regular Kathryn quality to be maintained. With regard to Items A and B of the above, it was decided that purchases were to be taken out by departments on regular Kathryn merchandise for the financial year August 1, 1966 to July 31, 1967, and targets were to be set for each department for the same period for 1967-1968. 2. Specific items were to be nominated that are to be made under Item 1(b), eg: angoras, knits, dresses, etc. these items to be quickly collated by Mr C. Rivers.business, business history, manufacturing, knitting machine, fashion textile production, business archives, manufacturing documents, myer, myer emporium, myer (melbourne)

Phillip George was inspired by his trip to the Middle East and the Cronulla riots in 2005 when Lebanese Australians where targeted on a beach in Sydney. The full series consists of 30 surfboards which are all adorned with intricate Islamic vegetal and geometric designs. The range was called Inshallah, or God willing and was made by George in the hope of bridging the cultural divides between Australian Muslims and other Australians.Fibreglass and carbon fire surfboards with digital decals x 3. The Inshallah surfboard series employ designs from famous mosques, showcasing the vegetal and geometric patterns of traditional Islamic design.phillip george, islamic design, australian culture, australian art, surfboard

williamstown rifle range, targets

Moving the Targets williamstown rifle range, targets

williamstown rifle range, targets

Fraser Collection OW298 williamstown rifle range, targets, c1893-1914

Historical Details: DAP Beaufighter A8-328 was delivered from DAP to the RAAF at Laverton 1AD on 9 September 1945, and consequently did not see any wartime service. Placed into storage at Tocumwal it returned to Laverton 1AD in 1953 for overhaul and preparation as a Target. Description: The Bristol Beaufighter was designed and built in England as a long range fighter but initially saw service as a night fighter. Carrying the newly invented airborne interception radar, it played a major role in ending the Blitz. British-built general purp. Level of Importance: Nationalbeaufighter