Signature Joseph A Scovell was a Beechworth Builder 1907Object removed from Stanley Athenaeum internal front swinging doors when Greg Owen from Period Restorations worked on the Athenaeum building. Weatherboards had been nailed over the window spaces at the top of the doors, this had then been covered with painted masonite board.Wooden weatherboard painted on one side, rough out on the reverseSignature in pencil Joseph A Scovell 1907

Signature Joseph A Scovell was a Beechworth Builder 1907Object removed from Stanley Athenaeum internal front swinging doors when Greg Owen from Period Restorations worked on the Athenaeum building. Weatherboards had been nailed over the window spaces at the top of the doors, this had then been covered with painted masonite board.Wooden weatherboard painted on one side, rough out on the reverseSignature in pencil Joseph A Scovell 1907

A flooring clamp (or cramp) is used for holding tongue and groove floorboards in place whilst laying a new floor. The ratchet handle is used to apply horizontal pressure to hold boards firmly in place until they are secured. “The General and Commercial Directory of the Borough of Birmingham, and six miles round; including Wolverhampton, Bilston, Walsall, West Bromwich” published in 1858 lists William Bissell as an ironmonger in Union Street, Wolverhampton. In the catalogue for the 1862 London Exhibition, three items manufactured by William Bissell were listed, including:- “BISSELL'S PATENT FLOORING CRAMP. The force of this cramp is fully equal to 1 ton. It is adapted to joists from 2 to 4 in. and is the most expeditious and easy in working of any cramp in use.” In the 1864 edition of “Williams's Manufacturers' Directory, for London and Principal Market Towns in England”, page 445, in listings for Wolverhampton, W Bissell is listed as a Patentee of flooring cramps, lifting jacks and proprietor of mortise locks; mortising machines, bench and vertical saw-frames". By 1871 the business was operating as Messrs. J. G. Bissell and Co. and the trademark on this item in our Collection was phased out. This information assists in allocating the provenance of this item to the late 1860s.This item is significant because it is representative of housing construction tools used in the Wodonga District which have evolved into present day tools.A cast iron clamp used to install tongue and groove floorboards. Maker's mark on on side. W. B. BISSELL PATENTEE WOLVERHAMPTONcarpenters' tools, housing construction

A moulding plane is a specialised plane used for making the complex shapes found in wooden mouldings that are used to decorate furniture or other wooden object. Traditionally, moulding planes were blocks of wear resistant hardwood, often beech or maple, which were worked to the shape of the intended moulding. The blade, or iron was likewise formed to the intended moulding profile and secured in the body of the plane with a wooden wedge. A traditional cabinetmakers shop might have many, perhaps hundreds, of moulding planes for the full range of work to be performed. Large crown mouldings required planes of six or more inches in width, which demanded great strength to push and often had additional peg handles on the sides, allowing the craftsman's apprentice or other worker to pull the plane ahead of the master who guided it.A vintage tool made by an unknown maker, this item was made commercially for firms and individuals that worked in wood and needed a tool that could produce a ornamental finish to timber. The tool was used before routers and spindle moulders came into use to produce a decorative moulding for a piece of furniture, door trims etc. or other timber items that had to be accomplished by using hand tools and in particular one of these types of planes. Profiled planes came in various shapes and sizes to achieve the required decorative finish. A significant tool from the mid to late 19th century that today is sought after by collectors. It gives us a snapshot of how furniture and other decorative finishes were created on timber by the use of hand tools. Tongue and groove match plane with metal strip affixed with 5 screws Mc Vicar stamped on end and No 2. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village

Moulding plane - tongue and groove. Maker Partridge ⅞" and 4 stamped on end.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, moulding plane, partridge

Tongue and Groove or Matching Plane Maker Stewart. Stamped HB and 5/8 on one endflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village

Tongue and groove plane - Maker A Mathieson & Son Glasgow. Owner W Worrall. Stamped ? and 22flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village

Wooden two door cupboard with a keylock. Shelf inside is not original. Wood has tongue and groove joins.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village

Wehner's Blacksmith's was founded at Orbost in 1889. This door was in the blacksmith shop. The door has many brands burnt into both sides. These brands are for local farmers and the brands would have been made at Wehner's.The Wehner family is/ was a prominent family in Orbost from the late 19th century. Herman Wehner founded Wehner's Blacksmith's at Orbost in 1889. Oswald Wehner began working in 1910 with his father. In 1947 Ossie's son Tom started blacksmithing, retiring in 1991 and closing the business, The building remains in Nicholson street.A large solid wooden door - tongue and grooved oregon. It is made of 12 vertical boards. On it are local branding marks. wehner's-blacksmith brands

Bench wooden with shelf under & V shape each end. Tongue & groove boards. 520mmD x 470mmH x 840mmLflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village

Model acquired by one of the Camp 13 garrison members, the father of the Donor.Wooden model of three masted Schooner fore-and-aft-rigged on three masts, in wooden tongue and grooved varnish box with glass front.Made by German Prisoner of War in German Prisoner of War Camp, Murchison, 1944, on underside of box.three masted schooner, german pow camp 13, garrison, camp 13 murchison, craft work, model ship, handcrafts, woodwork

Wooden sign painted with white background, black letters, "TRAFFIC, DEPOT" and two red directional arrows under words. On a wooden board, which has a groove underneath (ex tongue and groove plank?). Has two off centre mounting holes.trams, tramways, depot, ballarat

Planes similar to this came with several additional parts. They were designed for use in dadoing, rabbeting, tonguing and grooving, beading,slitting and sash cutting. It could also be used as a filleister and with special cutters, as a Reeding Plane. Sargent & Co. were in operation from 1887 to 1964.Plane with wooden handle (mahogany) and fence plate. Adjustment points for various uses."SMB" on handle. "SARGENT" on metal near handle.plane, dadoing, rabbeting, tongue and groove, beading, slitting, sash cutting, sargent, united states of america

This medical / hospital instrument was used in the Tawonga District General Hospital which was built in the 1950s specifically for the increase in population due to the Kiewa Hydro Scheme.Historical: Shows the development of scientific hospital equipment. Provenance: Used in the Tawonga District General Hospital which was remote and therefore required good equipment.In sterilized packet. A metal instrument mostly 2 sided, third side being very short slightly rounded and at right angles to the long side. . Long side has grooves embossed on the outside. Second side is at right angles to the long side (at other end) and is shaped like a tongue, with small embossed grooves on the inside and a metal hollow attachment on the outside that comes up near the junction of the two lengths. Grooves on 2 sides.medical instrument. hospital equipment. tawonga. mt beauty. tongue. boyle davis. tonsil

These wooden trees for riding stocks are a concept that was brought to early colonial days from "mother" England. Gentle folk of wealth and status used these trees from early 1800's to keep and maintain their riding boots in their correct form. This form of maintaining the tall riding boot structure was maintained in Australia by the rural "elite" both on cattle properties and smaller cattle stations in the early 1900's. Good riding boots were a status symbol in rural and outback Australia. The riding stocks "wooden trees" are very significant in the Kiewa Valley because they were used by members of some of the original grazing cattle families to settle there. Both cattle and sheep properties occupied large areas of the Kiewa Valley and they also herded their flock and herd on the Bogong High Plains region. These stocks and boots were worn by Fred Roper whose great grand daughter donated them to KVHS. Therefore these boots and stocks would date from 1880's to 1920's and are a good representation of the style of boots worn during this period. This pair of wooden stocks for riding boots trees has been manufactured to a very high standard. Each of the four boot tree parts fit snugly together and maintain their form, and that of the boot that they occupy. The groove channels and foot forms (tongue and groove) are exact and once snapped together become very solid. There is a brass ring, attached by a small brass "peg" on each of the thin "sliding" middle uprights. See KVHS 0177 - Riding boots.On top "L" (for left boot), "R" (for right boot)horse. country. leather. gaiters. high plains. grazing. cattlemen. laces. studs. stocks. roper family. bogong high plains.

At Briggs’ Brass Foundry, traditional sand-casting techniques have been practised for generations. Sand casting, a craft that spans over two thousand years, involves creating intricate moulds into which molten metal is poured. This handcrafted process produces durable brass and copper alloy goods, which are particularly suited to marine environments. Items such as bells, boat hooks, cowls, propellers, handles, lids, rowlocks, hooks, letters, bolts, rail holders, brackets, deck plates, flanges, rudder guides, portholes and covers have all been made using this technique. The bronze mixture used by Briggs is a copper-based alloy, carefully formulated from locally sourced ingots of copper, tin, zinc and lead in precise quantities. This results in a non-ferrous finished product, renowned for its longevity and resilience, often lasting indefinitely even in harsh conditions. Donation to Flagstaff Hill: In Flagstaff Hill's formative years, 1972-1975, the Briggs family generously donated a range of related items, including casting patterns, brassware, tools, machinery and a cupboard. These patterns illustrate the historic trades of foundering and metalwork, both of which have been essential in supporting marine industries such as shipwrights and boatbuilders. Furthermore, local industries like farming and manufacturing have relied on foundries for the casting of essential equipment. It is believed that Briggs Marine’s family members gave personal assistance in setting up the displays in the original village shops, particularly the ‘Brass Foundry’ building. Exhibition and Legacy: The donated items were displayed in a simulated Brass Foundry within the Village. This exhibit was part of a broader showcase of working crafts, trades and services typical of a Maritime town. The display was available to the public from the completion of the building in 1986 until 1994, when the space was repurposed. A notable feature of the Village Brass Foundry was the historic Cornish chimney, presented as a working model. This chimney visually demonstrated the process of smelting metal in furnaces and pouring it into sand moulds. Constructed from specially curved bricks, the chimney now stands at about two-thirds of its original height, having been relocated from the Grassmere Cheese factory.The small cupboard holds particular significance due to its association with brass foundries operating across Victoria. Marine industries, including ship and boat building, depend heavily on high-quality castings for their machinery, equipment and fittings. Briggs Brass Foundry developed a specialised brass alloy using non-ferrous metals, ensuring the durability and longevity of its products in demanding marine environments. The cupboard is linked to Briggs Maine, a longstanding business dedicated to producing cast goods tailored for the marine sector. The foundry was equipped to meet requirements for both custom and mass-produced items. Briggs Foundry’s products were commonly installed on sailing and steam vessels operating along Victoria’s coastline, including in Warrnambool. In addition to general marine fittings, Briggs Marine was recognised for its expertise in bell-founding. The foundry is notably associated with the Schomberg Bell at Flagstaff Hill, having restored this small, historic bell to its original condition. The Schomberg Bell is a fine example from a luxury migrant vessel dating back to the mid-19th century, reflecting the craftsmanship and heritage preserved by Briggs Brass Foundry.Cupboard; wooden, painted red with two green doors, round wood door knobs a wood catch. Doors are made from tongue-and-groove wood. Inside are two shelves. Stored on the shelves are an assortment of brass hinges, pipes, handles, ventilators, collars, and so on from the Briggs Foundry, Melbourne.flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, maritime museum, maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, briggs, briggs marine, briggs foundry, cupboard, storage, brass objects, briggs family, marine products, village display, briggs brass foundry, briggs marine foundry, briggs marine products, herbert harrison briggs, george edward briggs, cyril falkiner mckinnon briggs, collingwood, moorabbin, frank lee, les lee, eva lee, briggs marine warrnambool, non-ferrous founders, bell specialists, ship bell specialists, sand cast, marine equipment, marine fittings, foundry, brass foundry, founders

Colour photograph of Schnapper Cottage a small white painted dwelling with a red roof situated on the edge of lake edged with rock groynes and the remains of timber railing at western side of entrance at Lakes Entrance Victoria. Also two photographs taken inside Schnapper Cottage showing tongue and groove lining, coved ceiling, dado above wide vertical wall boardsgippsland lakes, settlement, houses

General anaesthesia relaxes muscles around the airway which can result in the airway becoming obstructed. Holding the jaw open or keeping the tongue out of the way were crucial. Often, brutal devices were used to open the jaw or pull the tongue forward to clear the airway.Set of four chrome plated metal tongue depressors of different sizes. Each depressor has been engraved with a number (1 - 4). Numbers 2 - 4 also have a metal tube that could be used to administer anaesthesia simultaneously. Numbers 2 - 3 also have cross-hatched grooves in the depressor and all have finger grips engraved into the handles.boyle-davis, airway management

Chrome plated metal "L" shaped tongue depressor. The depressor arm downside has cross-hatched grooves to facilitate adherence to the tong. A small metal tube is attached to the upper-side of the depressor through which anaesthesia or oxygen could be administered. The lateral arm handle has grips engraved to attach the mouth gag frame which is missing. This item has a stamp inscription on its handle about maker's details, size and material. Black spots of dust are present inside the metal tube and out near the extreme of the tube. It has accumulated dust between the cross-hatched grooves. Minor scratches around the piece.Stamped in the depressor handle, D.H.A. / 6 / STAINLESSboyle-davis, tongue depressor, airway management

This small desk was donated to the St. Nicholas' Mission to Seamen's Church by Mrs R Hidgekiss. It was used as a prayer desk or missal desk and was part of the original furnishings of the church at 139 Nelson Place, Williamstown, Victoria. Previously, it was used on the Australian Hospital Ship, H.M.A.S. Centaur. A reference to the desk's association is mentioned on the Framed Document that lists those who donated items to the St Nicholas Missions to Cemen church in Williamstown. An note quotes: "from HMHS Centaur "- the original missal, which was donated to the church as a memorial to those who lost their lives when the HS Centaur was sunk. (Of the 368 onboard, only two crew members survived.)" THE MISSIONS TO SEAMEN (Brief History): - The Missions to Seamen was an Anglican charity that has served seafarers of the world since 1856 in Great Britain. Its symbol is a Flying Angel, inspired by a Bible verse. Today, there are centres in over 200 ports worldwide where seamen of all backgrounds are offered a warm welcome and provided with a wide range of facilities. In Victoria, the organisation began in Williamstown in 1857 as a Sailors’ Church, also known as ‘Bethel’ or the ‘Floating Church’ in an old hulk floating in Hobson’s Bay, Port of Melbourne. It soon became part of the Missions to Seamen, Victoria. In the year 2000, the organisation, now named Mission to Seafarers, still operated locally in Melbourne, Portland, Geelong and Hastings. The Ladies’ Harbour Lights Guild was formed in 1906 to support the Missions to Seamen in Melbourne and other centres, such as Williamstown. Two of the most significant ladies of the Guild were founder Ethel Augusta Godfrey and foundation member Alice Sibthorpe Tracy (who established a branch of the Guild in Warrnambool in 1920). The Guild continued its work until the 1960s. In 1943, a former Williamstown bank was purchased for the Missions to Seaman Club. The chapel was named St Nicholas’ Seamen’s Church and was supported by the Ladies’ Harbour Lights Guild, the Williamstown Lightkeepers’ Auxiliary and the League of Soldiers’ and Sailors’ Friends. It ceased operation in 1966. A Missions to Seamen Chapel and Recreation Room was a significant feature of ports during the late 1800s and into the 1900s. It seemed appropriate for Flagstaff Hill to include such a representation within the new Maritime Village, so the Melbourne Board of Management of Missions to Seamen Victoria gave its permission on 21st May 1979 for the entire furnishings of the Williamstown chapel to be transferred to Flagstaff Hill. The St Nicholas Seamen’s Church was officially opened on October 11, 1981, and closely resembles the Williamstown chapel. This prayer disk is significant historically for its origin in the St. Nicholas Mission to Seamen's Church in Williamstown, established in 1857 to cater for the physical, social, and spiritual needs of seafarers. The organisation originated in Bristol, England when a Seamen's Mission was formed in 1837. The desk is also significant as a memorial to the many who lost their lives at sea for their country.Desk: Cedar wood desk of plain design with a sloped top. It has plain tapered legs, a hinged lid, a keyhole at the front, and raised edges at the front and back. Storage space under the lid has a tongue and groove wooden base. It has been referred to as a prayer desk, missal desk or writing desk and was previously used on the Australian ship, HMHS Centaur. This desk is part of the St. Nicholas Seamen's Church Collection. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, desk, writing desk, office furniture, domestic furniture, writing slope, clerk's desk, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, maritime museum, maritime village, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, religion, religious service, religious worship, worship service, st nicholas seamen’s church, williamstown, missions to seamen victoria, mission to seafarers, st nicholas missions to seamen’s church williamstown, missions to seamen, st nicholas missions to seamen’s church flagstaff hill, 139 nelson place williamstown, anglican church, prayer accessory, church furniture, religious furniture, prayer desk, missal desk, mrs r hidgekiss, centaur, hmhs centaur, h.m.h.s. centaur, hospital ship, missal

A Dayton Air Flight tennis racquet, with a steel head and open, tongued throat, and, wooden shaft and deep-grooved handle. Racquet strings made from piano wire. Racquet head stringing continues through into the fully opened throat. Decal of model features on right side of shaft. Carved initials GCH feature on right side of lower handle. Materials: Wood, Metal, Glue, Lacquer, Paint, Leather, Ink, Cord, Stringtennis

22 York Street, Eltham (re-numbered 28). c.1933. Original house of 4 rooms, constructed from weatherboard Baltic Pine, lined Baltic Pine, tongue and grooved boards and/or wall papered hessian. Skillion added c.1930, pitch roof room added c.1932. W.B. Bassett-Smith FRIBA Architect, W. Enright Builder, Ivanhoe. Now demolished Peter Bassett Smith's parents home, W.B Bassett Smith and Mary Tenbosch - see obituary for Mary Tenbosh who lived in this home for nearly 40 years until her death in 1968 (EDHS_06293) Donated by Peter Bassett-SmithTwo sepia photographs of 22 York Street (renumbered 28), Eltham from the north east. Formerly home of Bassett-Smith family c.1933 Original house of 4 rooms, Skillion added c.y W.B. Bassett-Smith FRIBA, Enwright, builder, Ivanhoeyork street, eltham, houses, peter bassett smith

22 York Street, Eltham (re-numbered 28). One view north east from Bible Street c.1933, the view of the house from the north c.1933. Original house of 4 rooms, constructed from weatherboard Baltic Pine, lined Baltic Pine, tongue and grooved boards and/or wall papered hessian. Skillion added c.1930, pitch roof room added c.1932. W.B. Bassett-Smith FRIBA Architect, W. Enright Builder. Now demolished Peter Bassett Smith's parents home, W.B Bassett Smith and Mary Tenbosch - see obituary for Mary Tenbosh who lived in this home for nearly 40 years until her death in 1968 (EDHS_06293) Three sepia photographs medim format contact printshouses, york street, peter bassett smith

1. An “Ad Hoc” box repurposed from an old artillery ammo box. The four sides are made from timber 23 mm thick. The ends have a smaller horizontal board attached. These boards anchor the sisal rope handles. The bottom is composed of 2 boards 25 mm thick. 2. The top is composed of two boards held together by tongue and groove method. The top boards are 20 mm thick with wedge shape slots. There are two steel straps going from top of sides down to but not attached to the bottom boards. The bottom of these straps is severely rusted. The large sides have markings. One side has remnants of words printed and stencilled. The other side is clear to read."6 shell QF HE 25PR MKIII E?? TY NSWR LOT NO 177??" Left side has: - “IB50R 355” Right side “772”ammunition box, equipment

8 NBH - Excursion Car (28) In Active Service - Belgrave Station Yard 8NBH - Excursion carriage. This car has been restored to original condition with white canvas weather blinds,Full carriage length side steps, timber tongue and groove boards,coupling centering springs and some pinch gas lighting equipment. NBH SECOND-CLASS EXCURSION CAR. The H was recognising their use for "Holiday" traffic. 15 of these cars were built in 1919 and numbered 1-15. Two more were built in 1981, and numbered 16 & 17. Two extended versions for wheelchair passengers were built in 1981 & 1983. These were numbered 51 & 52 - a separate number series due to the different type of vehicle. Six, numbered 18-23, were built in 1997-98. These had steel frames, padded seats, and a wide "window sill". At first glance they look the same as the previous NBHs. There are other minor construction differences due to the use of steel framing. 18NBH entered traffic 19/4/1997; 19NBH on 5/12/1997; 20NBH on 19/12/1997, the others added in 1998. VR Service History : *NBH 8.VA - 8/12/1919 NWS Built new - / 1/1929 - Modified AC Malco BO circa 1955 - Condemned Historic - Victorian Railways Narrow Gauge - Passenger Rolling Stock: Excursion Car 8NBH - Passenger Carriage - Excursion Car made of steel and timber8NBHpuffing billy, victorian railways, 8 nbh, passenger carriage, excursion car, narrow gauge

Built in 1878, the orange polychromatic brick structure replaced a slab building which had been used since 1951. The building has changed little with its handsome bricks buttressed on both sides, a slate roof and a Celtic cross on top of the front gable. The carved wooden pulpit and 18 pews are original. The cathedral-style ceiling is fully lined with tongue-and-groove pine boards and the floor is also pine. The walls have arched oblong leadlight windows. In 1977 the congregaton decided not to join the Uniting Church, whcih amalgamated some Presbyterian churches with all the Methodist and Congregational churches in Australia. Together with the store and school, the church is one of Kangaroo Ground's three public buildings. Covered under Heritage Overlay, Nillumbik Planning Scheme. Published: Nillumbik Now and Then /​ Marguerite Marshall 2008; photographs Alan King with Marguerite Marshall.; p91 The small Presbyterian church in Main Road, Kangaroo Ground, has been a spiritual centre for more than a century. Built in 1878, the orange polychromatic brick structure replaced a rude slab building, which had been used as both a church and school since 1851. Earliest settlers, who were Scottish farmers, had worshipped together since 1841 in a barn owned by farmer James Donaldson and led by a layman called Smith.1 However, from 1843, the Reverend Peter Gunn conducted church services. Prominent early church members include the Donaldson, Bell and Cameron families. In 1851, Samuel Furphy (father of author Joseph) built their first church building, a 30 feet x 18 feet (9m x 5.5m) slab structure on half an acre (0.2ha) donated by Mr Donaldson. Conditions could be very uncomfortable in extreme weather.The green slabs of timber and sapling logs, covered partly with mud, had centimetre-wide cracks, allowing rain and wind through, when not blocked out by folds of paper.2 However this did not deter the first couple marrying there in 1857: John Wilson of Nillumbik and Christina Macpherson of Christmas Hills. The Reverend Peter Gunn seldom visited so it was usually left to Andrew Ross, the settlement’s first teacher and founder of the newspaper The Evelyn Observer, to lead the divine services instead.3 In 1877 the settlers raised £355/19/- and hired architect, Charles Maplestone and builder, Mr Self, to construct today’s church building. Each family rented a pew or pews for ten shillings a half-year; they also paid quarterly subscriptions for the minister’s stipend.4 It was not until 1886 that the church celebrated its first wedding, that of John Bell (junior) from Violet Bank and Elizabeth Charlton of Cunis Nillen. The Sunday School’s first recorded meeting was also held that year. In 1892 a weatherboard vestry was built, and the following year John Bell donated a church bell, which the fire brigade used as a warning for several years. Conditions have varied greatly during the century. In 1893 the Reverend Darroch had to travel more than 2000 miles (3220km) to attend to his scattered parishioners. Then in the Depression, the minister Mr Brown, subsisted only on lodgings with no stipend. The Sunday School ceased for many years because of the small population, but reopened in 1949. The building has changed little with its handmade bricks buttressed on both long sides, a slate roof and a Celtic cross on top of the front gable. The carved wooden pulpit and 18 pews are original and in fine condition. The cathedral-style ceiling is fully lined with tongue-and-groove pine boards and the floor is also of pine. The walls have arched oblong leadlight windows. One window has stained glass commemorating Mrs Jessie Agnes Cameron and her ancestors – the pioneering Bell family. It depicts The Sower because the family comprised farmers who came to a strange land to sow the seeds of their faith as much as their crops. Thistles signify their Scottish ancestry and the pigeons are a symbol of Pigeon Bank, the Kangaroo Ground farming property where Jessie Cameron was born.5 Other historical ties are seen on two marble memorial tablets and carved wooden chairs dedicated to former members. The Church still has the original Bible with gold edged paper, presented by the women of the congregation in 1871, although it is no longer used. In 1977 the Presbyterian congregation decided not to join the Uniting Church, which amalgamated some Presbyterian churches with all the Methodist and Congregational churches in Australia. Together with the store and school, the church is one of Kangaroo Ground’s three public buildings.This collection of almost 130 photos about places and people within the Shire of Nillumbik, an urban and rural municipality in Melbourne's north, contributes to an understanding of the history of the Shire. Published in 2008 immediately prior to the Black Saturday bushfires of February 7, 2009, it documents sites that were impacted, and in some cases destroyed by the fires. It includes photographs taken especially for the publication, creating a unique time capsule representing the Shire in the early 21st century. It remains the most recent comprehenesive publication devoted to the Shire's history connecting local residents to the past. nillumbik now and then (marshall-king) collection, kangaroo ground presbyterian church

In 1848, Francis Rogerson form Dumfriesshire, Scotland purchased 80 acres of land at Kangaroo Ground on which he built a two-roomed bark hut. He named the property afterr the many Bronzewings and Wonga Pigeons in the area. Ewen Hugh Cameron moved to Pigeon Bank the same year he was elected to Parliament as the Member for Evelyn. At the time he moved in, Pigeon Bank had six rooms and the present water well. He made further extensive additions and lived there until his death in 1915. Covered under Heritage Overlay, Nillumbik Planning Scheme. Published: Nillumbik Now and Then /​ Marguerite Marshall 2008; photographs Alan King with Marguerite Marshall.; p27 Pigeon Bank, on the Kangaroo Ground – Warrandyte Road, Kangaroo Ground, is one of the Shire’s oldest farm dwellings, and has been home to some of the district’s earliest and most distinguished families. Although close to the road, the white weatherboard Victorian farmhouse is ensured privacy by the trees and hedges around it. On 4.8 hectares of farmland, Pigeon Bank is surrounded by rolling hills, farmland and bush, the peace of which is punctuated by an occasional birdcall. Pigeon Bank’s first owner was Francis Rogerson, from Dumfriesshire, Scotland, who bought 80 acres (32.4ha) of land in 1848 on which he built a two-roomed bark hut. Today this is the centre piece of the 14-room home.1 Rogerson lined the rooms with tongue-and-groove boards and roofed them with wooden shingles and sapling frames, which remain under the present green corrugated iron roof. He named Pigeon Bank after the many forest bronzewing and Wonga Pigeons in the area at the time, and the name Bank was commonly used in Scotland. Rogerson was united with one of the oldest families in the area when his sister Janet married John Bell, son of William, the original Bell settler. When Ewen Cameron moved to Pigeon Bank in 1874 it had six rooms and the present water well. He made extensive additions to the house and farm buildings and lived at Pigeon Bank until his death in 1915. Cameron, who had arrived in Melbourne from Scotland in 1853, contributed an enormous amount to the community. He worked as a builder, as a miner at Andersons Creek, a storekeeper at Queenstown2 and as the first postmaster at Warrandyte. In 1867 he married Agnes Bell, daughter of local farmer, John Bell. Cameron was a member of the Eltham Road Board (which preceded the Shire Council) and for more than 50 years, from 1863, he was an Eltham Shire Councillor, being President three times. Cameron was the Member for Evelyn for 40 years from 1874. In the 1880s he became the Government Whip, in 1902 the Minister for Mines and Water Supply, and in 1904, the Minister for Health, Cameron was also an outstanding farmer, whose farm won the Agricultural Department prize for the finest in the district, three consecutive times. Not surprisingly Pigeon Bank became the centre of district life. Every New Year’s Eve, Cameron hired a highland piper, who marched from the Kangaroo Ground school house to Pigeon Bank playing his pipes.3 Distinguished visitors included opera singer, Dame Nellie Melba, Victorian Premier, Thomas Bent, Governor, Lord Hopetoun and artist, Longstaff. Following Cameron’s death, the property changed hands several times, then returned to the family in 1919 when bought by Gordon Cameron. As the car took over from the horse, Pigeon Bank entered difficult times because the farm had produced chaff and oats and bred Clydesdales and harness ponies. In 1926 Mr Matthews bought the property and made many alterations including pulling down the kitchen, which had been separate from the main house. The property again changed hands several times. One owner was Senator James F Guthrie, who added a sunroom. In 1968 the house again returned to the Cameron family, when Vera Jackson, a grand-daughter of Ewen Cameron, and her husband, bought the property. The Bishop family, who were sixth and seventh generation Bells and also descended from the Camerons, restored the house in the 1980s. Today tongue-and-groove boards still line part of the hall (which retains two fine arches), the breakfast room, and Ewen Cameron’s former room. Five original fireplaces in the bed and living rooms are still in working order. The wide veranda with a curved iron roof and ornate iron lace work bounds three sides of the house, and nearby a windmill stands beside the water well. Sue and Ron James, who bought the property in 2001, made extensive improvements to the homestead and meticulously restored the grounds to their original state.This collection of almost 130 photos about places and people within the Shire of Nillumbik, an urban and rural municipality in Melbourne's north, contributes to an understanding of the history of the Shire. Published in 2008 immediately prior to the Black Saturday bushfires of February 7, 2009, it documents sites that were impacted, and in some cases destroyed by the fires. It includes photographs taken especially for the publication, creating a unique time capsule representing the Shire in the early 21st century. It remains the most recent comprehenesive publication devoted to the Shire's history connecting local residents to the past. nillumbik now and then (marshall-king) collection, ewen hugh cameron, francis rogerson, kangaroo ground, kangaroo ground-warrandyte road, pigeon bank

Kangaroo Ground's first school began in 1851 with 22 pupils from the district's ten families. It was a single room school located further south on the site, which also served as a Presbyterian church. The first teacher was Andrew Ross. The school building was used as a Post Office between 1854 and 1858 and during 1857 also served as a Court of Petty Sessions. With a growing farming community, a new building was warranted and the original Sate School No. 352 was closed and a new building, State School No. 2105 was oipened October 1, 1878. A residence for Head Teacher Henry Wallace School was erected in 1879 attached to the left of the school building. That residence is now home to the Andrew Ross Museum, which opened in 1993. Covered under Heritage Overlay, Nillumbik Planning Scheme. Published: Nillumbik Now and Then /​ Marguerite Marshall 2008; photographs Alan King with Marguerite Marshall.; p35 In a corner of the Kangaroo Ground Primary School playground stands an old weatherboard building. This structure, attached to the former teacher’s weatherboard residence facing Main Road, first served as a school in 1878. The former residence, built in 1879, houses the Andrew Ross Museum, which opened in 1993. It is named after the school’s first teacher,1 who also founded The Evelyn Observer newspaper, which began on the site in 1873. Later the printing presses were moved to brick newspaper offices by the Kangaroo Ground Hotel, which became the Shire of Eltham offices. However Kangaroo Ground’s first school began in 1851 for 22 pupils from the district’s ten families, in a slab building further south on this site. Andrew Harkness and other settlers campaigned for the building, which was built on half an acre (0.2ha) donated by local farmer, James Donaldson. Builder was Samuel Furphy, father of the novelist Joseph.2 The single room measuring 30 feet x 18 feet (9m x 5.5m), was unlined and the green slabs shrank, allowing the wind and rain entry through cracks except when they were stuffed with paper.3 The building served as a Presbyterian church as well as a school, where fees were 18 pence a week for education. Young men also attended evening classes there in winter. At one stage, a corner of the room was curtained off for the schoolmaster’s living space, and the platform, which was used for sleeping, was also the pulpit during church services. Teacher Andrew Ross also took church services when the minister was unable to attend, which happened frequently as he had long distances to travel on the bad roads. In 1857 the school building was also used as the Court of Petty Sessions, and from 1854 until 1858, it served as a post office. During the gold rush fossickers on their way to the Caledonia Diggings at Queenstown (now St Andrews) prospected the district, but did not remain long, as the fields were not rich in gold. But the farming community grew, until by 1878 the population warranted the building of State School No 2105 – the present one-roomed tongue-and-groove lined building measuring 49 feet x 18 feet (15m x 5.5m), to accommodate 60 children. The old school, No 352, was closed, and the new one opened on October 1, with Henry Wallace as head teacher, assisted by work mistress Annie Johnston. Early teachers included Messrs Smith, Hamilton and Prosser, with sewing teachers Misses Sweeney, Limerock and Oliver. In the early 1920s a small room was built on the front veranda of the teacher’s residence, and used as a State Savings Bank agency until about 1934. In 1928 the schoolroom’s three-tiered floor was replaced by a flat floor and teacher’s platform (which has since been removed). A half-glassed partition wall then divided the large room into two rooms in which the old style form-type desks were replaced with dual desks. The small playground, surrounded by pine trees and a picket fence, was extended in 1931 with an additional acre or so (0.4 ha) of land. During World War Two the school faced closure because of a fall to seven in the enrolment, but by 1946 it had increased again to 45. Mr Eric Morgan was head teacher and Mrs Margaret Banks was assistant head teacher, a position she held for ten years. In 1955, under the head teacher Mr V Gardiner, who taught there for 13 years, the school won a prize for the best-kept garden and school ground in the inspectorate. A district subdivision increased the enrolment in 1968 to 65 and a bus service was established. After the hall which had been used for lessons was demolished late that year, the pupils met in the original fire brigade meeting room (now the tennis club, diagonally opposite the general store). The new school building with a storeroom and staffroom was built in 1974.This collection of almost 130 photos about places and people within the Shire of Nillumbik, an urban and rural municipality in Melbourne's north, contributes to an understanding of the history of the Shire. Published in 2008 immediately prior to the Black Saturday bushfires of February 7, 2009, it documents sites that were impacted, and in some cases destroyed by the fires. It includes photographs taken especially for the publication, creating a unique time capsule representing the Shire in the early 21st century. It remains the most recent comprehenesive publication devoted to the Shire's history connecting local residents to the past. nillumbik now and then (marshall-king) collection, kangaroo ground, andrew ross museum, eltham-yarra glen road, kangaroo ground primary school no. 2105, kangaroo ground state school, state school no. 2105