The overall objective of this report is to collate information about Aboriginal English in order to inform future staff training and resources for people working in the courts, including solicitors and magistrates. Features Radio National transcript from Lingua Franca program, and content by Diane Eades.tables, sample legal letters, pamphlets, information cardaustralia -- trials, litigation, etc. english language -- dialects -- australia. aboriginal australians -- social life and customs. law -- australia -- language -- handbooks, manuals, etc. aboriginal australians -- criminal justice system.

In 1977 a group of Mount Beauty cross country skiers formed the Birkebeiner Nordic Ski Club. In 1979, a version of the famous Birkebeiner race, the first Australian Birkebeiner was held at Falls Creek. In June 1990 representatives from Australia put their case for a southern hemisphere race in the series. Following a trial event in 1990. Australia became the 12th member of Worldloppet in the winter of 1991, with the first Kangaroo Hoppet. In 1991 a parade and commemorative torch lighting ceremony were organised in Mt Beauty as part of the celebrations to mark the first official Kangaroo Hoppett with participation from local community groups and commercial organisations, the Chamber of Commerce, local government representatives and individuals.Kangaroo Hoppet caters to diverse interests by offering a 42km and 21km event. It also offers a 7km event that attracts skiers, ranging from elite juniors to parents, grandparents, babies and first time skiers. It is recognised on the world cross country ski race calendar. It brings large numbers of participants and spectators to the area which support tourism, local businesses and employment. The 2018 event will be the 28th Kangaroo Hoppet, with cross country skiers travelling from across the country and overseas to compete.Set of 13 colour photographs of spectators lining both sides of Holland St in preparation for the Kangaroo Hoppet street parade. Photographs show the original hospital buildings and street-scape of the early 1990’sNo markingskangaroo hoppet; cross country skiing; ski race; bogong high plains, mt beauty, parade

In 1977 a group of Mount Beauty cross country skiers formed the Birkebeiner Nordic Ski Club. In 1979, a version of the famous Birkebeiner race, the first Australian Birkebeiner was held at Falls Creek. In June 1990 representatives from Australia put their case for a southern hemisphere race in the series. Following a trial event in 1990. Australia became the 12th member of Worldloppet in the winter of 1991, with the first Kangaroo Hoppet. In 1991 a parade and commemorative torch lighting ceremony were organised in Mt Beauty as part of the celebrations to mark the first official Kangaroo Hoppett with participation from local community groups and commercial organisations, the Chamber of Commerce, local government representatives and individuals.Kangaroo Hoppet caters to diverse interests by offering a 42km and 21km event. It also offers a 7km event that attracts skiers, ranging from elite juniors to parents, grandparents, babies and first time skiers. It is recognised on the world cross country ski race calendar. It brings large numbers of participants and spectators to the area which support tourism, local businesses and employment. The 2018 event will be the 28th Kangaroo Hoppet, with cross country skiers travelling from across the country and overseas to compete.PHYSICAL: Set of 22 colour photographs of the street parade to celebrate the first Official Hoppet race run at Falls Creek in 1991. Participants from a range of local community groups are traveling along Kiewa Cres. Photos are taken near the corner of Maddison St 1&2 – Horseman & accordion player leading the parade Sign reads ‘Falls Creek The Happy Mountain’ 3-4 Birkbeioner Nordic Ski Club with Chinese Nordic ski representatives 5 & 6- Girl Guides & Brownies 7, 8 & 9- Mt Beauty Primary School & Netball team 10 & 11- UKV Calisthenics Club 12- Lawn Bowls Club 13- Junior Football Club 14- Mt Beauty High School Band (on Wodonga Timber & Hardware truck) 15, 16 17 & 18- Mt Beauty Kindergarten 19,20, 21 & 22- Local Community Vehicles including Community Transport and Fire Brigade 23 & 24- Mt Beauty High School Band 25- Fiat 500 Topolino Vintage Car No markingskangaroo hoppet; cross country skiing; ski race; bogong high plains, mt beauty, parade

In 1977 a group of Mount Beauty cross country skiers formed the Birkebeiner Nordic Ski Club. In 1979, a version of the famous Birkebeiner race, the first Australian Birkebeiner was held at Falls Creek. In June 1990 representatives from Australia put their case for a southern hemisphere race in the series. Following a trial event in 1990. Australia became the 12th member of Worldloppet in the winter of 1991, with the first Kangaroo Hoppet. In 1991 a parade and commemorative torch lighting ceremony were organised in Mt Beauty as part of the celebrations to mark the first official Kangaroo Hoppett with participation from local community groups and commercial organisations, the Chamber of Commerce, local government representatives and individuals.Kangaroo Hoppet caters to diverse interests by offering a 42km and 21km event. It also offers a 7km event that attracts skiers, ranging from elite juniors to parents, grandparents, babies and first time skiers. It is recognised on the world cross country ski race calendar. It brings large numbers of participants and spectators to the area which support tourism, local businesses and employment. The 2018 event will be the 28th Kangaroo Hoppet, with cross country skiers travelling from across the country and overseas to compete.Set of 13 colour photographs of the street parade to celebrate the first Official Hoppet race run at Falls Creek in 1991. Participants were from a range of local community groups and local industry representatives. Photos were taken on Holland St. opposite the old hospital building. Following the parade, a market stalls were set up on the green outside the Community Centre on Holland St. as part of the Hoppet celebrations. 1 & 2- Boy Scouts and Cubs 3- UKV Lions Club 4 & 5- Local children representing the history and fauna of the High Plains 6- Ambulance Services 7, 8, 9 & 10 – Representatives and equipment from local forestry industry 11- Vintage truck by Vintage Charms Tours providing tours of the local area for visitors 12 & 13- Market stalls set up on the green outside the Community Centre on Holland St. as part of the Hoppet celebrations. kangaroo hoppet; ski race; cross country skiing; bogong high plains, mt beauty, parade,

In 1977 a group of Mount Beauty cross country skiers formed the Birkebeiner Nordic Ski Club. In 1979, a version of the famous Birkebeiner race, the first Australian Birkebeiner was held at Falls Creek. In June 1990 representatives from Australia put their case for a southern hemisphere race in the series. Following a trial event in 1990. Australia became the 12th member of Worldloppet in the winter of 1991, with the first Kangaroo Hoppet. In 1991 a parade and commemorative torch lighting ceremony were organised in Mt Beauty as part of the celebrations to mark the first official Kangaroo Hoppett with participation from local community groups and commercial organisations, the Chamber of Commerce, local government representatives and individuals.Kangaroo Hoppet caters to diverse interests by offering a 42km and 21km event. It also offers a 7km event that attracts skiers, ranging from elite juniors to parents, grandparents, babies and first time skiers. It is recognised on the world cross country ski race calendar. It brings large numbers of participants and spectators to the area which support tourism, local businesses and employment. The 2018 event will be the 28th Kangaroo Hoppet, with cross country skiers travelling from across the country and overseas to compete.Set of 21 colour photographs of the Opening Ceremony and Commemorative Torch lighting to celebrate the first Official Hoppet race run at Falls Creek in 1991 1-3 - John Konrads (1956 Olympic Swimmer) lighting the Commemorative Torch with the original torch used at the 1956 Olympics at the MCG in Melbourne. 4-13 – Official opening ceremony and torch lighting by Liberal representative for Indi Mr Lou Leibermann. MC’d by Mr Ken Bell, representing the Chamber of Commerce 14 – Parachute fly over by Mr Ross Schult 15-18 – Photographs of the Multi National flags displayed in the commemorative garden in front of the SECV administration buildings. Flags represent the countries participating in the Kangaroo Hoppet. Snow-capped Mt Bogong in the background. 19-21 – Commemorative torch, erected by SECV to commemorate the first official Kangaroo Hoppet held at Falls Creek. No markingskangaroo hoppet; cross country skiing; ski race; bogong high plains; opening ceremony, mt beauty, parade

The woollen mill was a vital part of Warrnambool for all but 22 years of the town’s history since it's the establishment in 1847 when the first land sales were held and white settlement began. In 1869 the Warrnambool Meat Preserving Company began operations on the mill site, in 1875, shareholders of the then defunct Warrnambool Meat Preserving Company happily sold the land and buildings on the Merri river to Warrnambool Woollen Mill Company Ltd for £5,000. The site was sold again in 1876 to grazer Robert Hood of Sherwood, who was chairman of directors of the failed company, which couldn’t raise sufficient capital to keep the works operating. The entrepreneurial Hood then used the existing plant to turn his own wool into tweed cloth. But just as the mill was starting to show a profit, a fire destroyed the building and plant on the night of 25 March 1882. So again, the mill was operational for six short years. Insurers only paid a fraction over 10% of the damage, Hood couldn't raise sufficient capital to rebuild on his own, and so the site lay unused until 1910. In 1908 Marcus Saltau and Peter John McGennan convinced the Warrnambool Chamber of Commerce to invest in a secondary industry with local capital. A public meeting in September 1908 agreed to raise £40,000, electing Saltau chairman of directors, a post he held for 34 years. A year later, using mostly local money, the Warrnambool Woollen Mill Company dispatched its first manager, John E. Bennett, to buy a plant and recruit 20 experienced staff from the Yorkshire woollen industry in December 1909. Another year more, the new mill was officially opened on 14 November 1910 by Marcus Saltau as company chairman and town mayor. Eighteen months on, in May 1912, the mill paid its first half-yearly dividend of 2 ½%. It was now working two shifts, with a year's orders to fill. In 1914 the mill ordered its own generator, providing the town with electricity and effectively doubling its plant size by October 1915, six months after Gallipoli. Thereafter, government orders for cloth and military supplies assured the mill’s success right through the First World War and on until 1923. A plant upgrade in 1922 for machinery to make worsted fabric drained profits, which, with a fall in demand, led to a loss in 1925. Profits were restored by the 1930s, despite the Depression, mostly due to tight management and robust marketing. Production boomed again during the Second World War, but soon foreign competition bit into profits, forcing the company to consolidate operations. The ‘50s and ‘60s were golden years for the mill. Security and growth gave the company confidence to trial Australia’s first electric blanket in 1958 and to install Swiss Sulzer looms in 1965. Over time, the building facades took on the modern look that the mill presented until it closed. The Dunlop company bought the mill in 1968, fending off a challenge from Onkaparinga in South Australia, and continued to expand by adding Wendouree Woollen Mill in the same year and Dream-spun Textiles a decade later, in 1979. Soon after that purchase, however, the mill began its slippery slide into decline. Dunlop sold to its former rival bidder Onkaparinga Woollen Co. Ltd in 1982, which in turn was taken over by Macquarie Worsted's only a year later, in 1983. Operations remained stable for a decade until 1994 when the Macquarie Group signaled that its newly rationalised operations left no room for the Warrnambool investment. The final operator of the mill was The Smith Family charity group, which ran the site by agreement with the Warrnambool City Council and a state government grant in that same year, 1994. The mill became more of a fabric recycler than a manufacturer. The site was sold to private operators in February 2003 and rezoned four months later to allow for the mixed housing development. The embossing press is significant for its association with the Warrnambool Woollen Mills 1910-1968, a major employer in the Warrnambool district. The press is also significant as an example of commercial office equipment used in the 19th and 20th century.Press, metal, for Company seal of Warrnambool Woollen Mill, stamping their brand as Western District Worsted Mills Pty Ltd. Metal is black with red and gold floral markings. Inscription of stamp reads "WESTERN DISTRICT WORSTED MILLS PROPRIETRY LIMITED" flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, warrnambool woollen mills, western district worsted mills proprietry limited, worsted fabric, printing press, logo printing press, stamp printing press, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village

The Redex Reliability Trial 1953 -The first Redex round-Australia reliability trial covered of 6,500 miles (10,500 km), and had a first prize of £1,000. It attracted both amateur and professional drivers in a variety of cars. The route passed through Brisbane, Rockhampton, Townsville, Darwin, Alice Springs, Adelaide and Melbourne before returning to Sydney and attracted much public interest. At the time the idea of driving huge distances around the country in ordinary cars was novel and the logistics were challenging. In many parts of the country there simply wasn’t adequate accommodation or suitably located refuelling stops. The Shell Company facilitated the race by placing petrol dumps along the 5000 km route between Townsville and Adelaide. The race began at the Sydney Showground on 30 August when 192 cars left at three-minute intervals. Of the twenty top finalists, two thirds were sponsored. Ken Tubman and John Marshall won the trial in a Peugeot 203. A black & white photo taken in Whitehorse Road, Mont Albert during the 1953 Redex Trial as a Volkswagen is passing 688 Whitehorse Road on the extreme left. The VW appears to have advertising on its panels indicating it was a competitor in the trial. On the far side of the road is a Morris Minor with a hatted man sitting on the bonnet. The houses in the background are partly obcsured by large hedges.george coop, mont albert, volkswagen, morris minor, redex trial, whitehorse road

The Redex Reliability Trial 1953 -The first Redex round-Australia reliability trial covered of 6,500 miles (10,500 km), and had a first prize of £1,000. It attracted both amateur and professional drivers in a variety of cars. The route passed through Brisbane, Rockhampton, Townsville, Darwin, Alice Springs, Adelaide and Melbourne before returning to Sydney and attracted much public interest. At the time the idea of driving huge distances around the country in ordinary cars was novel and the logistics were challenging. In many parts of the country there simply wasn’t adequate accommodation or suitably located refuelling stops. The Shell Company facilitated the race by placing petrol dumps along the 5000 km route between Townsville and Adelaide. The race began at the Sydney Showground on 30 August when 192 cars left at three-minute intervals. Of the twenty top finalists, two thirds were sponsored. Ken Tubman and John Marshall won the trial in a Peugeot 203. However the Peugeot in this photo does not appear to be their car, judging by official photos of them with their vehicle, taken at the end of the trial. The Peugeot 203 was a popular car at the time and its reputation was enhanced after winning the trial. A black & white photo taken in Whitehorse Road, Mont Albert during the 1953 Redex Trial as a Peugeot 203 is passing 688 Whitehorse Road on the extreme left. The Peugeot 203 appears to have advertising on its panels indicating it was a competitor in the trial. On the far side of the road is a Morris Minor with a hatted man sitting on the bonnet, a woman standing close by and another man taking a photo of the passing cars. The houses in the background are partly obcsured by large hedges.george coop, mont albert, morris minor, redex trail, whitehorse road, peugeot 203

The FJ Holden is iconic in Australian motoring history. It was made in Australia by Holden from 1953 to 1956. During the 1950s, Holden dominated the Australian car market and by 1958 sales accounted for over 40 per cent of total car sales in Australia. The Redex Reliability Trial 1953 -The first Redex round-Australia reliability trial covered of 6,500 miles (10,500 km), and had a first prize of £1,000. It attracted both amateur and professional drivers in a variety of cars. The route passed through Brisbane, Rockhampton, Townsville, Darwin, Alice Springs, Adelaide and Melbourne before returning to Sydney and attracted much public interest. At the time the idea of driving huge distances around the country in ordinary cars was novel and the logistics were challenging. In many parts of the country there simply wasn’t adequate accommodation or suitably located refuelling stops. The Shell Company facilitated the race by placing petrol dumps along the 5000 km route between Townsville and Adelaide. The race began at the Sydney Showground on 30 August when 192 cars left at three-minute intervals. Of the twenty top finalists, two thirds were sponsored. Ken Tubman and John Marshall won the trial in a Peugeot 203. A black & white photo taken from near 688 Whitehorse Road. It includes 2 FJ Holdens - one is probably a passing car; the other is covered with labels and can assume to be competing in the trial. On the far side of the road are onlookers of men, women and one child standing on a wide nature strip. One man is taking photos. The houses behind are obscured by high hedges, but appear to be Californian bungalows, one with a large palm tree in its front garden.redex reliability trial, 1953, fj holden, whitehorse road, mont albert

This is a set of 35 photographs featuring 4th Field Survey Squadron’s newly introduced Survey variant of the Land Rover Perentie light vehicle, at Keswick Barracks, Adelaide SA in 1987. The Land Rover Perentie is a nickname for the Land Rover 110 produced by JRA Limited for the Australian Army, and part manufactured and assembled in Moorebank, New South Wales, during the 1980s and 1990s The name Perentie originates from Land Rover's successful tender to Project Perentie, which was the official Australian Army trial to select new 1 and 2-tonne light vehicles to replace the ageing fleet of Series 2A and 3 Land Rovers. The major differences between the Land Rover Perentie and British Land Rovers were the relocation of the spare wheel to a position under the rear of the load area, a galvanised chassis and the Isuzu engine. The Land Rover Perenties were produced in 4x4 and 6x6 variants and powered by an Isuzu 3.9-litre four-cylinder 4BD1 diesel engine. The Truck, Panel, Lightweight, Survey, FFR, Winch, MC2 model was one of eight 4x4 variants built for the Australian Army. There were 35 vehicles built to satisfy the operational requirements of RA Svy’s units. Source – Wikipedia. See item 6545.9P for related photos of these vehicles.This is a set of 35 photographs featuring 4th Field Survey Squadron’s newly introduced Survey variant of the Land Rover Perentie light truck vehicle, at Keswick Barracks, Adelaide SA in 1987. The black & white photographs are on 35mm negative film and are part of the Army Survey Regiment’s Collection. The photographs were scanned at 96 dpi. .1) to .8) - Photo, black & white, 1987. Land Rover Perentie light truck vehicle features. .9) - Photo, colour, 1986. L to R: unidentified, RQMS - WO2 Peter Symmans, unidentified. .10) to .15) - Photo, black & white, 1987. Land Rover Perentie light truck vehicle features. .16) - Photo, black & white, 1987. Land Rover Perentie light truck vehicle. L to R: WO2 Russ Larsen, SSGT Barry Lutwyche, 2IC Terry Lord, SGT Mick Hogan, unidentified. .17) - Photo, black & white, 1987. Land Rover Perentie light truck vehicle features. .18) & .19) - Photo, black & white, 1987. Loading field trip stores into Land Rover Perentie light truck vehicle. .20) & .21) - Photo, black & white, 1987. L to R: SPR Steve Perks, SGT Mick Hogan loading field trip stores into Land Rover Perentie light truck vehicle. .22) to .25) - Photo, black & white, 1987. L to R: SPR Steve Perks loading field trip stores into Land Rover Perentie light truck vehicle. .26) - Photo, black & white, 1987. CAPT Danny Galbraith loading field trip stores into Land Rover Perentie light truck vehicle. .27) to .31) - Photo, black & white, 1987. Loading field trip stores into Land Rover Perentie light truck vehicle. .32) to .34) - Photo, black & white, 1987. Land Rover Perentie light truck vehicle – broken transfer case lever. .35) - Photo, black & white, 1987. Land Rover Perentie light truck vehicle’s Isuzu 3.9-litre four-cylinder 4BD1 diesel engine..1P to .35P – There are no personnel identified. ‘PERENTI MOTOR VEHICLES JUL 87’ annotated on negatives sleeve.royal australian survey corps, rasvy, 4 fd svy sqn

This is a set of nine photographs featuring 4th Field Survey Squadron’s newly introduced Survey variant of the Land Rover Perentie light truck vehicle on a field trip in SA, in 1987. The Land Rover Perentie is a nickname for the Land Rover 110 produced by JRA Limited for the Australian Army, and part manufactured and assembled in Moorebank, New South Wales, during the 1980s and 1990s The name Perentie originates from Land Rover's successful tender to Project Perentie, which was the official Australian Army trial to select new 1 and 2-tonne light vehicles to replace the ageing fleet of Series 2A and 3 Land Rovers. The major differences between the Land Rover Perentie and British Land Rovers were the relocation of the spare wheel to a position under the rear of the load area, a galvanised chassis and the Isuzu engine. The Land Rover Perenties were produced in 4x4 and 6x6 variants and powered by an Isuzu 3.9-litre four-cylinder 4BD1 diesel engine. The Truck, Panel, Lightweight, Survey, FFR, Winch, MC2 model was one of eight 4x4 variants built for the Australian Army. There were 35 Vehicles built to satisfy the operational requirements of RA Svy’s units. Source – Wikipedia. See item 6544.35P for related photos of these vehicles.This is a set of 35 photographs featuring 4th Field Survey Squadron’s newly introduced Survey variant of the Land Rover Perentie light truck vehicle, at Keswick Barracks, Adelaide SA in 1987. The black & white photograThis is a set of nine photographs featuring 4th Field Survey Squadron’s newly introduced Survey variant of the Land Rover Perentie light truck vehicle on a field trip in SA, in 1987. The black & white photographs are on 35mm negative film and are part of the Army Survey Regiment’s Collection. The photographs were scanned at 96 dpi. .1) - Photo, black & white, 1987. Perentie Land Rover with trailer parked outside unknown motel in SA. .2) & .3) - Photo, black & white, 1987. Field trip featuring Perentie Land Rover. .4) - Photo, black & white, 1987. Field trip featuring Perentie Land Rover. Series 3 Land Rover parked behind. Unidentified personnel. .5) & .6) - Photo, black & white, 1987. Field trip featuring Perentie Land Rover. Unidentified personnel. .7) & .8) - Photo, black & white, 1987. Field trip featuring Perentie Land Rover. Typical sandy 4WD track on fence line. .9) - Photo, black & white, 1987. Field trip featuring Perentie Land Rover. Probable gas extraction facility..1P to .9P – There are no personnel identified. ‘PERENTI MOTOR VEHICLES JUL 87’ annotated on negatives sleeve.tified. royal australian survey corps, rasvy, 4 fd svy sqn

The Beechworth Historic Courthouse is a living history museum in Victoria, Australia. Built in 1858, it has been in continuous service for 131 years and is currently home to a unique collection of artifacts, including its original furniture and fittings. The Courthouse Law Library is also recognised as being of outstanding national significance with many rare books held in the collection. The courthouse was built in 1858 and is located in the centre of the Beechworth Historic Precinct. It was built from granite with a double height gabled courtroom with the entrance via a central projecting porch. The building was classified in 1959 as part of Group Classification (B2615)with Forests Office, Lands Office, Police Lock-up & Police Station. The Courthouse is a significant site in Australia’s legal history because it was the location of more than 40 trials and hearings for the Kelly Gang and their sympathisers.This a rectangular, black and white photograph, unmounted.Reverse Ministry of Tourism, Melbourne1850s beechworth, beechworth courthouse, ned kelly, 1800s beechworth, kelly gang, beechworth historic courthouse, 1858, kelly trials, daniel kelly, dan kelly, edward kelly, ellen kelly, elizabeth scott, the first woman hanged in victoria, colony of victoria, 1863, domestic violence related murder

Vincent Makaravicius was born on the 23rd of January, 1922 in a small Lithuanian village. He was the youngest of six children and after completing his primary education he went on to study horticulture at Kaunas and Vilnius. During WWII, under the threat of Soviet occupation and conscription, Vincent travelled to Germany, before coming to Australia as a refugee after his wife in 1949 on the ship 'Victory.' Vincent eventually settled in Beechworth, working at the local tannery and the Beechworth Asylum, as well as taking on boarders in the tannery boarding house in which his wife and he lived for a number of years. This oral history recording was part of a project conducted by Jennifer Williams in the year 2000 to capture the everyday life and struggles in Beechworth during the twentieth century. This project involved recording seventy oral histories on cassette tapes of local Beechworth residents which were then published in a book titled: Listen to what they say: voices of twentieth-century Beechworth. These cassette tapes were digitised in July 2021 with funds made available by the Friends of the Burke.Vincent Makaravicius' story is historically and socially significant as it provides a unique insight into the trials, tribulations, hopes, and dreams of Australian immigrants during the mid 20th century. Mr Makaravicius references the turbulent political situation and lack of food in Europe as being the reason for the mass exodus from Europe that saw an influx of refugees and migrants to Australia. His personal account highlights the spirit of survival and perseverance that is quintessential of Australian settler history. His contributions to the township of Beechworth gave him a detailed understanding of the social and historical significance of the township and the people, institutions, and local businesses on which it was built, namely the Beechworth Asylum, the local tannery, and relations between migrants and the established community. This oral history account is socially and historically significant as it is a part of a broader collection of interviews conducted by Jennifer Williams which were published in the book 'Listen to what they say: voices of twentieth-century Beechworth.' While the township of Beechworth is known for its history as a gold rush town, these accounts provide a unique insight into the day-to-day life of the town's residents during the 20th century, many of which will have now been lost if they had not been preserved.This is a digital copy of a recording that was originally captured on a cassette tape. The cassette tape is black with a horizontal white strip and is currently stored in a clear flat plastic rectangular container. It holds up 40 minutes of recordings on each side.Mr. Vincent Makaravicius /listen to what they say, beechworth, oral history, burke museum, vincent makaravicius, wwii, lithuania, kaunas, vilnius, soviet, germany, australia, victory, tannery, beechworth asylum, refugee, jennifer williams

These pieces of Kelly Gang armour (including pieces manufactured by police) were photographed outside Beechworth Court House during committal proceedings in 1880. Ned Kelly, born in June 1855, was one of the last Australian bushrangers. An outlaw, gang leader and convicted police killer, Ned Kelly's distinctive armour has become entrenched in Australian lore. Ned's younger brother Dan Kelly (born in 1861), wore similar armour to his older brother. Black and white rectangular postcard printed on paper cardObverse: NED AND DAN KELLY'S ARMOUR TAKEN DURING HIS TRIAL AT BEECHWORTH IN 1880 Reverse: POSTCARD / CORRESPONDENCE / ADDRESS ONLY KODAKkelly album, bushranger, ned kelly, dan kelly, daniel kelly, kelly gang, armour, kelly trials

To commemorate the 125th anniversary of Edward “Ned” Kelly’s committal trial in the Beechworth Historic Courthouse, the Robert O’Hara Burke Memorial Museum (henceforth Burke Museum) commissioned this postcard to coincide with their exhibition dating September 2005 to March 2006 and titled the Ned Kelly 125th Anniversary Exhibition. The postcard depicts a Snider-Enfield of .577 calibre which was reputedly favoured by the Bushranger. The firearm is of typical 1870s hunting design and was displayed as a focal point within this exhibition. The firearm, which was named “Betty” was reportedly taken by Kelly from Henry Dudley. The weapon has the letter ‘K’ engraved into the wood of the fore end. Other items also displayed in this exhibition include the Burke’s Kelly death mask, a replica of the Kelly Gang armour and photographs from the Burke Museum’s Kelly album. This postcard advertises an exhibition held at the Beechworth Burke Museum to commemorate the 125th anniversary of Kelly’s committal trial, which took place in Beechworth's historic courthouse. The selection and interpretation of items like the gun called 'Betty' are significant for understanding the changing nature of Kelly scholarship, treatment and curation, in particular, the popular and iconic myth of the Australian bushranger. The item can be compared with other Kelly photographs in Burke Museum's collection.Rectangular colour printed postcard celebrating Ned Kelly 125th Anniversary Exhibition at Burke Museum, Beechworth. Inset image of Ned Kelly's rifle. Obverse: Ned Kelly / 125th ANNIVERSARY EXHIBITION / ROBERT O'HARA BURKE MEMORIAL MUSEUM BEECHWORTH . VICTORIA . AUSTRALIA / September 2005-2006 / BEECHWORTH / Echoes of History / HISTORIC & CULTURAL PRECINCT / NED / KELLY / TOURING ROUTE / REVERSE: Ned Kelly / 125th ANNIVERSARY EXHIBITION / ROBERT O'HARA BURKE MEMORIAL MUSEUM BEECHWORTH . VICTORIA . AUSTRALIA / September 2005-2006 / AFFIX STAMP HERE / 7250 / This is the rifle that was taken from Henry Dudley by Ned Kelly. It became Ned's favourite / rifle, which he called 'Betty'. Note the 'K' carved into the wood of the fore-end. / Interestingly, there is at least one other rifle owned by Ned Kelly that also has a 'K' engraved / into it by Ned- the Colt revolving carbine used by Ned at Glenrowan /kelly album, ned kelly exhibition, ned kelly's rifle, betty, snider-enfield, .557 caliber, rifle, revolver, exhibition, beechworth, burke museum, 125th anniversary, firearm

This photograph is of the square-rigged schooner "Alma Doepel". Details added to the back of the photograph incorrectly describe the vessel as "Amy Doepel / ketch / Amy Doepel". The rigging on the vessel dates the photograph to sometime between 1931-1933. The location is yet to be determined. Frederick Doepel was a shipping agent in Bellinger Valley, NSW. He employed an experienced shipwright to build Alma Doepel, which was made from local timber. He named the ship “Alma Doepel” after his baby daughter Alma. The ship was registered in Sydney and launched 19th October 1903, and her first sea voyage was in December. She traded in timber Port Macquarie/Bellinger River and New Zealand. “Alma Doepel” was purchased by Henry Jones & Co., Hobart jam makers, in partnership with Harry Heather, her new captain, in 1916. The ship was then registered in Hobart. She carried jam and timber to the mainland, particularly Melbourne, and brought back cargo for Tasmania. She even carried the piles for the building of Portland Harbour. When Harry Heather passed away in 1937 he was succeeded by Eric Droscoll. Before the square-rigged "Alma Doepel" left for Tasmania on March 8th 1937 she was fitted with a new set of sails, becoming a fore-and-aft rigged schooner. She had been the last 'top sail' schooner in Bass Strait trade! "Alma Doepel" continued her coastal trading until 1942, when she was requisitioned by the Army. In January 1943 she was left in Melbourne by her crew and the Army took her over, taking her to Sydney in February, 1943. She was relaunched by the Army in 1944 minus two of her masts and her small 1936 engine, and was fitted with three large bus engines. In March 1945 she headed for the war zone, delivering cargo up and down the coast of New Guinea, at one time carrying over 400 troops. In 1946 she returned to Hobart where the Army re-converted her back for Bass Strait trading and returned her. In January 1947 Eric Driscoll took “Alma Doepel” to the eastern Tasmanian coastal port of St. Helens, trading cargo of local mountain ash timber to Melbourne on the mainland until 1959. She was then stripped down to her hull with only a single mast and two engines, and fitted with wooden bins on rails in her hold. From 1961 to 1975 she carried limestone to a factory to make carbide. Michael Wood and David Boykett, two of the governors of "Sail and Adventure", then bought her for the price of her two Gardiner engines and in 1976 they brought her to Melbourne. An Alma Doepel Supporters Club was formed to support the ship’s major restoration to a topsail schooner. In 1987 she was overhauled in Adelaide, with the support of Elders IXL and she returned to Sydney to lead the Parade of Sail on Bicentenary Day, 25th January 1988. She returned to Melbourne in February and began sail training voyages in Port Phillip Bay, operating from an office on Station Pier. The Alma Doepel Voyagers Club was started. Trainees joined the crew in sailing the ship over nine or ten days of instruction in sailing and seamanship. These trips plus chartered trips and fund raisers continued until early 1999, when she was no longer in a condition to operate; she needed a lot of attention. She lay idle in Victoria Dock for quite some time. In April 2001 “Alma Doepel” was taken to Port Macquarie’s Lady Nelson Wharf where she became a museum ship maintained by volunteers. In 2008 she had time in dry-dock and after sea-trials headed off to Victoria Harbour, Docklands, in Melbourne, where she is currently being restored with the help of The Supporters.This phot graph is significant for its connection with the Bass Strait trade, being the last top-sail schooner to brade across the strait. The photograph is also significant in its representation of the the sailing ships that traded around Australia in the 1930s.Photograph of "Alma Doepel " a wooden, 3 masted, square rigged sailing schooner built in Sydney, launched in 10/10/1903. Photograph is sepia coloured, mounted on card, inscription on the back. Information also provided with photograph. Photograph (marked incorrectly on back) "Amy Doepel / ketch / Amy Doepel". Sticker with "91" in pencil. Information provided (dated incorrectly) "1943, Sydney, New South Wales"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwreck coast, maritime museum, maritime village, photograph, alma doepel, frederick doepel, henry jones and co, harry heather, eric droscoll, alma doepel supporters club, elders ixl, parade of sail, bicentenary day, alma doepel voyagers club, last top sail schooner in bass strait trade, square-rigged, fore-and-aft rigged

This ledger was used in the Warrnambool business of Swintons Pty Ltd. It contains the records of financial statements for the years 1969 to 1978 – rates and taxes accounts, trial balances and accounts for light and power, wages etc. William and Ann Swinton migrated to Australia in 1854 and for a decade William Swinton worked as a builder and carpenter in the Warrnambool area, erecting many buildings including the Wangoom Presbyterian Church. In 1865 he opened a store in Timor Street Warrnambool, selling groceries, china and glass ware and hardware. By 1888 the business was known as William Swinton and Sons. Branch stores were opened in Cudgee, Nullawarre, Wangoom, South Warrnambool and West Warrnambool. After William Swinton died his son Robert became the first managing director of Swintons Pty Ltd. In 1934 the business split with George Swinton and Sons selling furnishings, clothing and glassware and Swintons Pty Ltd selling seeds, produce and hardware. Today the Swinton family still operates a furniture and bedding store in Timor Street. This ledger is of considerable interest as it contains much important information on the financial operations of Swintons Pty Ltd in the 1960s and 70s. This information will be very useful to researchers. The current Swinton business in Timor Street is the oldest family business in Warrnambool and, with the name Swinton associated with Timor Street businesses for 152 years, it is among the oldest family businesses in Australia. This is a hard cover book with a green cover and a green mottled patterning inside the cover. The pages are held in the cover by two metal studs. There are white and yellow pages which have A to Z tabs on the side. The pages have printed blue lines. The entries are handwritten in blue ink with some pencil entries.swinton family, warrnambool, history of warrnambool

This ledger comes from the Warrnambool firm of Swinton Pty Ltd. It contains the business trial balances for the years 1953 to 1980. William and Ann Swinton migrated to Australia in 1854 and for a decade William Swinton worked as a builder and carpenter in the Warrnambool area, erecting many buildings including the Wangoom Presbyterian Church. In 1865 he opened a store in Timor Street Warrnambool, selling groceries, china and glassware and hardware. By 1888 the business was known as William Swinton and Sons. Branch stores were opened in Cudgee, Wangoom, Nullawarre, West Warrnambool and South Warrnambool. After William Swinton died his son Robert became the first managing director of Swintons Pty Ltd. In 1934 the business split with George Swinton and Sons selling furnishings, clothing and glassware and Swintons Pty Ltd selling seeds, hardware and produce. Today the Swinton family still operates a furniture and bedding shop in Timor Street. This ledger is of considerable interest as it gives important information about the operations of the Warrnambool firm of Swintons Pty Ltd for the years 1953 to 1980. This information will be useful to researchers. The current Swinton shop in Timor Street is the oldest family business in Warrnambool and, with the Swinton name associated with businesses in Timor Street for 152 years, it is amongst the oldest family businesses in Australia. This is a ledger with an orange-coloured cover which is partly detached from its binding and somewhat scuffed. The pages are white with printed red and blue lines. The entries are handwritten in blue and black ink. ‘27’ (on spine) swinton family warrnambool, history of warrnambool

Thursday, December 15, 1949, the quiet little bank was embroiled in an infamous wild shoot-out between a daring thief and two bank officers. Today, the building still carries the scars ; a bullet hole remains visible in a cedar bench testifying to the events that played out that day. 3.30 a.m., Friday, December 9. The manager of the Commercial Bank branch at Greensborough, Mr Harry Wallace and his wife are asleep in their bedroom of the little house behind the branch. Harry is awakened by a noise and sees an intruder in a corner of the bedroom. He calls out but the intruder who has switched off the power in anticipation flees through a side door and scarpers down Main Street. Harry summons the police but a search by First Constable Thomas of the Greensborough Police assisted by a wireless patrol car is unsuccessful. A report is filed noting the theft of a .25 calibre pistol from the wardrobe. Thursday, December 15th. It is 1pm and the Commercial Bank has just opened. The branch is only open Mondays and Thursdays from 1-3pm. The morning started off a little cool with some scattered showers but it has fined up and the temperature is now around 61 degrees (16 C). A new grey Singer sports car with soft-top pulls up on the opposite side of the road and a young man, neatly dressed in a dark blue suit, wearing a grey hat and carrying a brief case exits the vehicle. He looks around then crosses the road and walks up the steps and through the door into the bank. There are three people inside; Mr. Jack Burgoyne whose grocery store is situated just 50 yards up the road, Mr. Lindsay A. Spears, the Eltham Agency Receiving Officer and by chance, Mr Harry Wallace, manager of the Greensborough branch. Jack Burgoyne takes note of the young stranger; thinking to himself he appears nervous. The man approaches the counter and introduces himself as John Henderson of Greensborough and explains that he wishes to open a new account. He places his hat and £3 on the counter. Mr Spears attends to the paperwork. He asks the young man to sign two forms, which he does but then he withdraws from the counter and starts walking towards the door. Suddenly he spins around pulling an automatic pistol from his right-hand pocket. He exclaims forcefully; “The game’s on! I’ll take the lot!” Spears appears to comply by pretending to open a drawer. The man shouts loudly, “Keep your hand away from that drawer.” Spears instead reaches for a pistol in his pocket and challenges the man, “Here it is. Come and get it!” At the same time, Harry Wallace pulls a pistol from his pocket as well. The bandit fires a shot but misses, the bullet striking the counter. Both Spears and Wallace open fire and Jack Burgoyne ducks for cover. As the bandit turns and runs for the door leaving his £3 behind, he fires another shot, which strikes the ceiling. Spears fires back, and thinks he may have hit him in the foot. The bandit flees the bank and heads for the grey Singer car, registration NO-106, parked opposite. Wallace and Spears pursue him to the door and open fire again, striking the car three times around the driver’s door. Spears lets off eight shots and Wallace, seven before his gun jams. The getaway car initially heads slowly down Main Road towards Bridge Street. About 100 yards down the road, Dave Adams, a PMG employee, who has heard the shots, throws a steel manhole step at the driver. It hits the roof of the car nine inches above the driver’s head and tears the hood. Another witness claims to have seen the door blow open and the driver raise his hand. The car gathers speed and swings left into Bridge Street racing along at about 60 miles an hour careering recklessly past council employee, Mr. Percy Williams, who is driving a dray along Smarts Road [believed to be Bridge Street]. At the end of the road the Singer fails to get round the sharp turn and crashes into an embankment skidding to a stop outside the home of Mr John Clifford. One side of the car is wrecked. Mr Clifford, an aircraft engineer hears the fast travelling car bump heavily into the road bank at about 1.25 p.m. Hearing the whine of an engine he goes outside to find the grey Singer parked at the side of the road. Jack George also lives at the corner and hears the car crash. “The bandit opened the car door, ran 50 yards, and suddenly turned back,” exclaims Jack. “He took something from the car. It might have been a gun.” In his haste, the bandit drops his grey felt hat, size 6 7/8, on the road and dashes up Sherbourne Road for about 200 yards then disappears into the scrub carrying a brief case and a bundle in which a sailor’s cap can be seen. About 3 p.m., Mr H.D. Pettie of Mountain View Road, Montmorency is looking through his field glasses and notices a young man walking through thick scrub on private property some distance from his house. The man is wearing a sailor’s cap and disappears along the railway track toward Montmorency. As the day progresses, ten police cars, one motor cycle, and about 40 police led by Det. Sgt. McMennemin of Malvern CIB are searching for him. They believe he is hiding in thick scrub along the bank of the creek about half-a-mile outside Eltham township. Wireless patrol cars, four mobile traffic cars and the CIB area cars from Malvern and Kew are taking part. Police check the thief’s car and discover it was stolen from Helen Baxter, of Doncaster Road, North Balwyn from outside Victoria Barracks. Harry Wallace informs the police that he believes he recognised the bandit as the man who took his pistol from his bedroom the previous Friday morning. As night falls, armed police are posted at strategic points in the Eltham-Greensborough district. Police in cars are watching the roads. Others are searching the bush and checking passengers on trains. Little do they realise the young man has already slipped out of the net. SEQUEL YOUTH OF 19 CHARGED WITH ATTEMPTED ARMED ROBBERY OF BANK AT ELTHAM Weekly Times, Wednesday 15 February 1950, page 6 Detectives who raided a house in Bell St., Coburg, Melbourne, charged a 19-year-old youth, of South Yarra, with attempted armed robbery at the Commercial Bank’s Eltham (Vic.) receiving depot on Dec. 15. Police say they recovered a loaded automatic pistol, diamond and signet rings worth more than £200, a complete set of house-breaking instruments, a sailor’s uniform, and chloroform gauze in the raid. The youth was charged that while armed with an offensive weapon, he attempted to rob Lindsay George Spears of a sum of money. He was further charged on six counts of breaking, entering and stealing. Police allege that the person who tried to hold up Mr Spears in the Commercial Bank receiving depot at Eltham on December 15. escaped in a stolen car, after Mr Spears and Mr Henry Wallace, manager of the bank’s Greensborough branch, had fired at him. After the car crashed, he escaped into thick scrub and is alleged to have changed into a sailor’s uniform. On December 9 an automatic pistol was stolen from Mr Wallace’s bedroom at the Greensborough bank. The chloroform pad recovered is alleged to have been stolen from the Dental Supply Company, Plenty Road, Preston. The rings are alleged to have been taken in a £513 burglary from the shop of James Paton. Sydney Road, Coburg. Det. Sgt. H. McMennemin conducted the investigations with Senior Dets. R. Newton and M Downie, Detectives l. Dent, R. Rayner, P. Pedersen and M. Handley and First Constable A. Thomas. The youth will appear at Eltham Court on February 22. Manager’s Gun Used in Holdup at Bank The Age, Thursday 23 February 1950, page 4 It was stated in Eltham court yesterday that a youth who robbed a bank manager of his pistol, later used it in an attempt to hold-up the bank. Kay Arthur Morgan, 19, draftsman, of Castle-street, South Yarra, was committed for trial on charges of breaking and entering, and stealing a pistol and attempted robbery while armed with an offensive weapon. He pleaded guilty. The manager of Eltham branch of the Commercial Bank of Australia Ltd., Henry Clifton Cabot Wallace, said he disturbed someone in the bedroom, in which he and his wife were sleeping, at 3 a.m. on December. 9, 1949. Later he found that his automatic- pistol was missing. On December 15 a youth, who said his name was John Henderson, entered the bank and opened a new account. As the youth was leaving the bank he turned round with a pistol in his hand and said: — “I want the lot.” Spear indicated a drawer under the counter; and said.— “Here it is. Come and get it.” The youth said:— “Keep your hand away from that drawer.” Witness said Spear then drew his pistol from his hip pocket. The youth fired at them, and Spear returned the fire. “I pulled my pistol and fired, too” said witness. The youth fired again, ran out to a car and drove off. Witness and Spear fired several shots at the car. The youth was the accused Morgan, sitting in court, witness said. Evidence was given that one bullet was found in the celling and the other in the bank. Morgan was allowed £100 bail on each charge. Morgan ended up serving three years for the failed armed robbery and became a notorious criminal. He had twin sons, Peter and Doug and even though only ten years old, Morgan would get his sons to act as lookouts whilst he committed burglaries. The lads became building contractors but when the industry suffered a downturn in 1977 and they were short on cash, they returned to the family business. Over the following 23 months they undertook 24 raids on country and outer-suburban TABs and banks. Whilst robbing one country bank for the third time, just like their father, it all went wrong ending up with a police officer shot. They were nick-named the “After-dark” bandits and are considered to be Australia’s last bushrangers. They were convicted and served 17 years in prison.5 x A4 photocopied pagesbank hold-up, cba bank, det sgt mcmennemin, eltham, h.d. pettie, harry wallace, jack burgoyne, kay arthur morgan, lindsay a. spears, main road

The Germans bought some guns during World War I, but used them as infantry guns in direct support of the infantry where their light weight would allow them to move with the infantry. They complained that the guns were too fragile and didn't have a high enough muzzle velocity to act as an anti-tank gun. Considering that the guns were designed to be disassembled it's not too surprising that they couldn't stand the abuse moving through the shell-pocketed front lines on the Western Front.This particular Gun was captured by Australian Soldiers at the Battle of ST Martins Wood near Ypres in the 3rd Battle for the Somme. The German crew were all killed as were a number of AustraliansThe Skoda 7.5 cm Gebirgskanone M. 15 was a mountain gun used by Austria-Hungary in World War I. In German service it was known as the 7.5 cm GebK 15. Its development was quite prolonged as the Austrians couldn't decide on the specifications that they wanted. Initially they wanted a gun that could be broken-down into no more than 5 pack-animal loads to replace the various 7 cm mountain guns in service, but prolonged trials proved that the 7.5 cm M. 12 prototype to be the best gun. The guns were delivered beginning in April 1915 instead of the planned date of April 1914. For transport, the gun could be dismantled into 6 parts, generally carried in 4 loads. In addition, there was a gun shield fitted on some (perhaps many) such guns. ypres st martins wood skoda gun

This collection of 10 photos was most likely taken in 1984. It’s evident in these photos the visitors were taken on a tour through the production areas of Air Survey Squadron, with Wild B8 photogrammetic plotting workstations featured in the first three photos and demonstrations of the AUTOMAP 2 production system in the following photos. The AUTOMAP 2 system was an upgrade to the AUTOMAP 1 system comprising Intergraph graphic edit workstation terminals networked to VAX 750/785 main frame computers. Unlike AUTOMAP 1, operators could display digital topographic features on monitors for editing. Successful adaptation of this system meant RASvy was at the forefront of digital mapping/cartographic systems in Australia and overseas. The system comprised Input (B8 feature extraction) Raster Scanning (digitising from compilation sheets, Graphic Edit (cartographic completion) and Plot Verification Sub Systems. CAPT Rob John was the project officer responsible for the acceptance trials and implementation of AUTOMAP 2. The system was operational from 1984 to its ‘Newheart’ upgrade in 1993. Throughout its life, the system was progressively refined with productivity gains, achieved from award winning technical development in-house by talented and innovative Army Survey Regiment personnel.This is a set of 10 photograph of a technical tour of the Army Survey Regiment at Fortuna, Bendigo, c1985. The photographs were printed on 35mm photographic proofing paper and are part of the Army Survey Regiment’s Collection. The photographs were scanned at 600 dpi. .1) - Photo, black & white, c1984, unidentified visitors, CAPT Rob John, MAJ Jim Mitchell, unidentified. .2) - Photo, black & white, c1984, unidentified visitor. .3) - Photo, black & white, c1984, unidentified visitor. .4) - Photo, black & white, c1984, unidentified SGT .5) - Photo, black & white, c1984, L to R: LTCOL Jorge Gruszka, unidentified visitors. .6) - Photo, black & white, c1984, L to R: SGT George Timmins, unidentified visitors. .7) - Photo, black & white, c1984, MAJ John Charland – US Exchange Officer. .8) - Photo, black & white, c1984, L to R: unidentified visitors and personnel, MAJ John Charland – US Exchange Officer. .9) - Photo, black & white, c1984, unidentified visitors and personnel, MAJ John Charland – US Exchange Officer in background. .10) - Photo, black & white, c1984, L to R: MAJ Bob Roche, CAPT Mick Byrne in Officers Mess..1P to .10P No personnel are identifiedroyal australian survey corps, rasvy, army survey regiment, army svy regt, fortuna, asr, air survey, automap

The clippings in this book relate to the Ballarat School of Mines. Hard covered scrapbook with newspaper clippings relating to the Ballarat School of Mines.ballarat school of mines, scrapbook, ballarat technical art school, clay, ceramics, pottery, native clay, maurice copland, h.h. smith, c.h. beanland, technical schools, albert e. dowling, john dulfer, jenkin swimming shield, r.s. dale, j.y. mcdonald, a.f. heseltine, stained glass windows, amalie feild, richard dale, ballarat school of mines museum, ballarat junior secondary school, war criminal trials, j.f. crichton, repatriation department, w.o.f. close, soldiers vocational classes, world war one, alexander peacock, ballarat junior technical school opening, effie holmes, cornell chemist, w.k. moss, ken moss, obituary, j. vickery, w.d. hill, r.w. richards, shackelton, antarctic exploration, t.h. trengrove, samuel mayo, vera lindsay, bessie robertson, victor greenhalgh, repatriation classes closure, repatriation classes termination, university college, vocational training, arbor day, j.b. corbet, ballarat school of mines procession, ballarat junior technical school honour board, harold herbert, albert steane, a.w. steane, francis davis, tree planting, clyde lukeis, trade classes, old boys association, alfred james higgin, blackill color and oxide company, electric supply company, state school exhibition, state education jubilee, scholarships, clay deposits, james coad, t.a. williams, copland memorial, e.j. mcconnon, alfred mica smith, ponsonby carew smyth, d. maxwell, lena rutherford, dorothy whitehead, examination results, geoffrey nicholls, robert dowling, j.b. robinson, percy trompf, j.c. bush, white flat reserve, rubbish tip, sports ground, broken hill excursion, old boy's association, school of mines procession, white flat improvements, empire exhibition, ballarat school of mines literary society, school reunion, john rowell, d.e. mullins, g. renkin, t.m. shattock, new law courts, supreme court building transferred to ballarat school of mines, buildings, ballarat state offices, ballarat school of mines museum closed, ballarat school of mines and industries, k.b. brown, sir r. garran, alf hannah, macrobertson scholarship, simone fraser, violet hambley, alfred bayley, j. heriot, c.r. pittock, i.r. bradshaw, ballarat exhbition, e. parkin, c.m. harris, mica smith bust, william henry nicholls, daniel walker, paul montford, w.h. corbould, j.w. sutherland, technical training for girls, girls education, amalie colquhoun, ken moss obituary, opening of the ballarat junior technical school, j.s. vickery, j.s. vickery obituary, ida v. johnson, john rowell exhibition, max meldrum, w.g. coates, g.f. fitches, walter white, sewerage plumbing, villers brettonneux school

The Ballarat School of Mines were involved with some of the earliest xrays in Australia.Xrays from the pioneering trials held at the Ballarat School of Mines. .1 Hand with a ring glued onto card. 2. and .3 Hand on paper.xray, x-ray, pioneering xray, ballarat school of mines, xray demonstration, hand, bones