Lee Palfrey collection. Refer Cat No 10263. These under garments were for fragmentation protection. This apparel issued to L.Palfrey during Op Catalyst - Iraq. Aug 2005 - Feb 2006.Black garment - under wear, elastic waist, elastic legs at end.Makers printing: “Unisex Pelvic Protective, Anti-microbial Drawers. Main material: 95% Polyester 5% Elastane. Reinforcements 100% silk. Country of Origin: China” “PO No: 05242” Supplier ID No.: J20.lee palfrey, clothing, under garment, protection

Black camisole or under garment circa 1910flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, ladies undergarment, black camisole, underwear, lingerie

Small plastic doll with jointed arms, painted face, removeable yellow plastic under garments, moulded hair in French bun.Made in Hong Kongtoys, dolls, plastic

Donation of the estate of Kenneth Lay Antique Dealer High St ArmadaleThree Priests under a Canopy with Jesus Christ on altar, surface embroidery in silk. Couched goldwork highlights, painted body of Christ ? cochineal. Priest/Bishop faces painted - under garment painted outline in now dark brown ink. In old wooden frame. 18th century, silk embroidery, gold work, renaissance, religious, jesus christ

This book was owned by the late Dr Elizabeth Kerr and was donated to the Museum by the executor of her estate, Margaret Cameron. This book was produced by Patons and Baldwins and contains knitting patterns for womens dressing gowns, bed jackets and under garments.Patons / KNITTING BOOK / NO. 189 / "JANICE" / See page 10 / "CAMILLA" / See page 12 / 6d.knitting handicrafts - history, patons and baldwins (australia) ltd, knitting, handicrafts - history

This book was owned by the late Dr Elizabeth Kerr and was donated to the Museum by the executor of her estate, Margaret Cameron. It was produced by the Alexandria Spinning Mills, Sydney, during WWII and contains knitting patterns for womens bed jackets and under garments.Series 71 / 7d. / Sun-glo / Knitting Book / DESIGN No. 2933 / PAGE 3knitting handicrafts - history, alexandria spinning mills pty ltd, knitting, handicrafts - history

This is a photo of Beth and Ida Johnson (now Ida Stanton).The photo shows two women posed for a photo. The woman on the right is standing; she is wearing what appears to be frilly, full length under-garments, a rough cloth jacket and a lace cap. She is wearing glasses, has blond wavy hair and is holding an open, folding fan. The woman on the left is seated; she is wearing a dark coloured dress or tunic with a frilly petticoat showing from the knees down. She also has a frilly cap on and is wearing glasses. She has long hair tied in two ponytails or plaits and she has a book on her knee. Behind them is a corrugated iron wall and a tree fern.people, johnson

3 wooden darning mushrooms used for darning socks, by placing under the hold of garment. Two brown wood, one painted green.darners, sewing equipment

Photograph of an unknown elderly couple, the man is balding on top with tufts of hair out each side . He is wearing a suit coat with a sleeveless pullover underneath. The woman is also wearing a sleeveless pullover and what appears to be a hand knitted garment under thatperson, family, elderly couple, elderly couple

Royal Australian Navy - Uniform belonged to LS MTP E Rayner.1. Jumper/Barathea - long sleeve white polyester/cotton fabric with Navy blue collar attached, side zip under arm. Insignia to left sleeve depicting rank. Right side insignia depicts category. 2. Trousers - white polyester/cotton fabric, bell bottom. 3. Shirt - white polyester/cotton fabric, short sleeve, navy blue trim to square neckline. Insignia to left sleeve. 4. Silk - Black polyester black fabric to arrange around the collar. 5. Bow - white cotton tape. 6. Lanyard - white cord to arrange around neck. 7. Lid - white with black "Tally" band, sailors cap with Navy blue tape - chin strap. 1., 2. - Hand embroidered red cotton - "E RAYNER", 7. Handwritten, black ink, "LS MTP RAYNOR inside on the crown, Tally band - Embroidered gold thread "HMAS DERWENT'", on black band. " RED ANCHOR/TAILORED GARMENTS/ 65% POLYESTER 35% COTTON/ DO NOT BOIL, DRIP DRY, WARM IRON"ran, uniform

This hooped petticoat or underskirt was worn in the 1950's under full skirted evening wear. Mt Beauty had a vibrant social life during this period with many balls and dances throughout the year.This garment was worn by Margaret McKendrick (nee Vyner) who was born and lived in Tawonga, then Mt Beauty.White cotton tiered under skirt with double hoops at the bottom. The skirt is gathered at the waist and falls to the floor. The waist has a drawstring (ribbon) which is tied at the back.The name "M.McKendrick Mt Beauty" is written in blue ink or texta around the inside of the waistband.petticoat. underskirt. hoop. evening dress. ball gown. mt beauty. entertainment.

Cardigan - garment part of a Women's service dress uniform. Item issued to "BALAAM" Service No. F320519". Refer also Cat. No. 6916.Cardigan - dark green colour, wool blend ribbed knitwear with front edges and collar. Five button holes, no buttons. Pale green colour rank insignia sewn each upper arm. Two manufacturers labels - inside collar - white cotton fabric with handwritten information.First label - "BROMLEY K/W/ ^ 1981/ DSN 8410-66-097-7813/ SIZE 14/ SERVICE NO./ NAME" Second label - detail cleaning instructions under the headings "Machine wash" and "Hand Wash". Handwritten information - black ink pen. "F3205719/BALAAM".uniform, cardigan, army, balaam, passchendaele barracks trust

Slacks - garment is part of a Women's Service Dress uniform. Possibly issued to "BALAAM", Service No. "F380519" Refer also Cat No. 9616.1. Slacks - dark green colour wool and polyester, full length slacks with belt loops. Front nylon zipper fly, brown colour plastic button at waist - no pockets. Manufacturers labels - two, inside back of waistband, exterior back of waistband - (to be removed when worn). White colour polyester fabric. 2. Belt - fabric as above with keeper and metal press stud closer.Manufacturers label - black ink print. Inside back "A.G.C.F. VICTORIA 1980 ^/ 8410-66-096-5182 size 10, AVE HGT/ FULL HIP/ WAIST 60 CM HIP 90 CM" Garment care instructions under headings "HAND WASH, MACHINE WASH IRONING", Followed by "NAME/ Service No.". Outside back "THE TAG IS FOR IDENTIFICATION ONLY/ PLEASE REMOVE BEFORE WEARING" with printed and handwritten information.uniform, womens trousers, army, balaam, passchendaele barracks trust

Refer Cat No. 6939.6.1. Cardigan - dark green colour wool blend ribbed knitwear with front edges and collar. Five gold colour plastic buttons with shank metal safety pin. Buttons have raised emblem - Australian Army Psychology Corps. Manufacturer's label at back below neckline. White cotton label. 2. Jumper - light green wool blend ribbed knitwear with polo neck and nylon and metal zipper at back of neck. Long sleeves. Two manufacturers labels sewn to right side seam. White cotton fabric.1. "BELLA K/W.P/L / ^ 1981/ 8410-66-097-7813/ size 14/ SDERVICE NO./ NAME" Handwritten blue ink pen "F3207137/ BROWNE". Over fold - laundry instructions under headings "Machine Wash - Hand Wash" 2. First label (folded) "ELEGANT KNITTING CO./NSW ^ 1981/ 8410-66-096-4841/SIZE 14 BUST 90CM/ NAME / SERVICE NO" On back details re "Laundering instructions" Second label "WARNING/THE GARMENT SHOULD/ NOT BE DRIED IN / DIRECT SUNLIGHT".uniform, winter service dress, army, browne, passchendaele barracks trust

This article of clothing is specifically an undergarment to be worn under a skirt or a dress. The petticoat is a separate garment hanging from the waist. In the late 1920s, chiffon dresses with several sheer petticoats became fashionable. With the Great Depression in the 1930s, narrow skirts returned and petticoats again were unpopular until the end of the decade when revived for some evening, prom, and wedding gowns. World War II, with its rationing and general shortage of materials, brought an end to petticoats. Petticoats were revived by Christian Dior in his full-skirted "New Look" of 1947 and tiered, ruffled, stiffened petticoats remained extremely popular during the 1950. Most of the petticoats were netlike crinoline, Worn by Marjorie Burton. It may have been worn underneath dresses with full skirts or may have been designed for a short style wedding dress. Marjorie Burton ( nee Whiteman), born 12 June, in Birmingham, England came to Orbost in 1995. In England she did office work – typing, shorthand and secretarial work - in accountants’ offices and also trained as a comptometrist with Burroughs in London. She came from a middle-class, working, church-going family. Her mother was a milliner who mademany of Marjorie’s clothes, hats and outfits. Marjorie was married in 1938 to a salesman who later became a mechanic in the R.A.F. This item is an example of ahome-made item of clothing and reflects the needlework skills of women in the first half of the twentieth century.A coarse, net, white starched petticoat. It is short and has no bodice. It is home-made, machine stitched and fastens at the waist with metal hooks and eyes. It has four panelspetticoat women's-clothing burton-marjorie

This article of clothing is specifically an undergarment to be worn under a skirt or a dress. The petticoat is a separate garment hanging from the waist. In the late 1920s, chiffon dresses with several sheer petticoats became fashionable. With the Great Depression in the 1930s, narrow skirts returned and petticoats again were unpopular until the end of the decade when revived for some evening, prom, and wedding gowns. World War II, with its rationing and general shortage of materials, brought an end to petticoats. Petticoats were revived by Christian Dior in his full-skirted "New Look" of 1947 and tiered, ruffled, stiffened petticoats remained extremely popular during the 1950. Most of the petticoats were netlike crinoline, Worn by Marjorie Burton. It may have been worn underneath dresses with full skirts or may have been designed for a short style wedding dress. Marjorie Burton ( nee Whiteman), born 12 June, in Birmingham, England came to Orbost in 1995. In England she did office work – typing, shorthand and secretarial work - in accountants’ offices and also trained as a comptometrist with Burroughs in London. She came from a middle-class, working, church-going family. Her mother was a milliner who mademany of Marjorie’s clothes, hats and outfits. Marjorie was married in 1938 to a salesman who later became a mechanic in the R.A.F. This item is an example of a home-made item of clothing and reflects the needlework skills of women in the first half of the twentieth century.A coarse, net, white starched petticoat. It is short and has no bodice. It is home-made, machine stitched and fastens at the waist with metal hooks and eyes. It has four panelspetticoat women's-clothing burton-marjorie

Worn and owned by Mrs Mary McKeown (nee Ford) a resident of the Orbost area.A size 27 corset of apricot coloured cotton fabric with small lines and flowers embroidered onto the fabric. It has a small elastic triangle panel in the middle front and two large panels at the sides. It appears to have stays (possibly whalebone), along suspenders hanging from the bottom.Size 27 Liberty female-costume under-clothes foundation-garments

Made and presumably worn by Mrs McKeown (nee Ford).A long plain cream or white silk sleeveless nightgown with a fine lace border around the neck line and around the bottom hem of the garment. The neckline is a "V" shape in front. Two white crocheted rosette decorations have been appliqued onto the top front. It has two cotton inserts under the arms. Two fine darts run downwards at the front. costume-female undergarment

Deep yellow tracksuit top with dark green trim-7cm band around waist, 7cm band at wrist, 3.5 cm band on either side of front zipper opening. 16 cm roll over collar and 4 cm band on top side of raglan sleeves from shoulder to wrist band. dark green appliquéd letters across the back of the garment "AUSTRALIA''.Lower front :LHS has diagonal zipper (15cm) for internal pocket. Inside body of garment is lined with white perforated nylon fabric. Sleeves unlined.''SPEEDO'' emblem appliqued over RHS chest. Label inside back neck ; Speedo Actionwear in 100% nylon, 40''-106cm. Made in Britain Under licence''.costume, male, deep yellow tracksuit top

In 1951 - in the context of the Cold War - the Menzies government established the 'National Service Act 1951', which called-up men for compulsory military training for a period of 176 days. The 14th Battallion was located in Victoria. The coat has historic significance in the wider context of Australia’s involvement in the Cold War (particularly in Vietnam) and in the establishment of a National Service Scheme. Olive green army man coat with four outside pockets - two on the chest, two at the bottom; each pocket has one metallic button attached. Coat has a metallic zip as well as metallic buttons; two velcro scratches at the wrist level. Extra removable padding inside, which is attached with plastic buttons. Two identical inscriptions on right and left shoulder reading '14 National Service Battalion'. Two identical inscriptions on right and left shoulder - reading '14 National Service Battalion' Manufacturing details on the inside reading: Coat, Cold weather, Man's, Field M-65. Olive green colour. Style 8120/8542 DSA 102-81-C1204. 1. Wear as outer garment or as under-layer in cold-dry climate. 2. Wear button-in liner for added insulation. 3. Adjust closures and drawcords to ventilate; avoid over-heating of body. 4. When hood is used, lower extension shall be worn over neck opening, preventing water. 5. Brush snow or frost from garments before entering opening. 6. For fast drying, remove liner from coat. 7. Do not expose to high temperature of a stove. 8. Lubricate slide fasteners with wax. 9. For cleaning and restoring of water repellency return to laundry for machine washing in accordance with established procedures for quarpel garments. 10. Do not starch. Do not remove this label. Black ink pen inscription on manufacturing label reading '3/715875' and 'N.Wain'war, army, coat, man's coat, australian army, military uniform, national service scheme, cold war, vietnam war

Clothing. Twelve shaped panels form the body of the jacket, which is dramatically ''shaped in'' at the waistline, and flared out toward the hipline. Four black fabric covered buttons form the closure, with hand-stitched button holes, all ''hidden away'' under an overlay of the beaded velvet, of which the jacket is made. The long sleeves, narrow at the elbow, flair out to an embroidered and beaded cuff, 35 cm in circumference. Sleeves are gathered at the shoulderline, giving fullness, and featuring an elaborate ribbon, cord, and beaded embroidery. The embroidery is repeated around the revere collar, and on the right-hand side of the bodice, and the full length of the back of the garment, and around the hemline, and also trims the opening edge of the left-front bodice. Lined with black silk. It feels as if there is extra to support beaded areas.GEORGE STIRLING & SONS, THE RICHMONDcostume, female, black velvet long sleeved jacket

Clothing. Cream polished cotton, full length half slip petticoat. Plackett at the back, fastens with two metal hooks, and hand-stitched loops. The back features a 'crinolette', where two rows of tapes are gathered in to give volume to the back of the garment. As the crinoline started to subside at the end of the 1860's. The centre front panel features 6 angled bands of lace 4.5 cm wide and angled to form a V shape. (1) A 9.5 cm band of pleated linen gauze-like fabric, edged with a 5 cm band of linen lace. (2) A 15 cm double layered frill-top layer 2 cm wide silk like pleats, lined with linen muslin type fabric, and an under frill of polished cotton, pleated in one cm wide knife pleats. The top frill is of fine cream cotton lace. At the top edge is a 3.5 cm wide band of floral cotton lace, and adjoined at the lower edge with a 9 cm deep pleated trim of exquisite cotton "floral and swirls" lace. The top frill is 42 cm wide, and extends over the centre front panel only. A cotton covered " stiffening- possibly bamboo or whale bone, extends 31.5 cm ;long at the crinolette. An unusual 'pocket like bag' is sewn into the right side seam 14 cm below the waist. This has rounded corners, and is 8 cm wide at the top, 17.5 cm wide at the lower edge, which is then rounded slightly. Overall length of the 'pocket' is 38 cms.costume, female, crinolette full length half slip

The Hanro company was established in Switzerland in 1884. In 1926 a site in Hargreaves Street Bendigo, behind the School of Mines, was purchased to establish the Bendigo Knitting Mills, a subsidiary of Hanro. The managing director was Charles Handerchin who came from Switzerland. The company was delisted from the Australian Stock Exchange in 1963 when it was taken over by John Brown Industries.Hanro Autumn-Winter Catalogue 1962: The cover is of card with a white background with a large H in blue to the right. Sketched in black pen is a lady with a cardigan buttoned up with six buttons, long sleeves and a collar. To the right in white is *Hanro* under that in black print is *Catalogue Autumn-Winter 1962 Swiss Inspired Knitwear* Inside the cover is advertising. Attached with cello tape is a green sheet of paper with a sketch of a lady wearing a sweater with long sleeves and collar and bow. To the right is a medal, circular in shape with *Fashion Award Australian wool bureau* under that is Hanro, Gold Medal Winner 1962 Wool Fashion Awards*, a description of the garment, size and colour. Look better in a Hanro Sweater!* The catalogue is on gloss paper with sketched so ladies modelling Pullovers, cardigans, twin sets and jackets. Each item has its garment number description, sizes and colour. The back page is white with a large H to the left with *Hanro* in white and (Aust) Knitting Mills Limited* to the right is a box with a black border with the Sales offices addresses and phone numbers. At the bottom is *The Quality Is A Proud Tradition*.book, magazine, catalogue, hanro. catalogue.

The fund was established to coordinate the activities of the state based patriotic funds, mainly run by women. Established in 1916 to 10 April 1920 for WW1 and then again for WW11 June 1940 and ceased 27th June 1946. Australian Comforts 'Fund Badge. 8 x Badges White cotton material with red machine cotton . At the top is Victorian Division, under that circled around a red star with A.C.F. in the middle is Australian comforts'' Fund. At the bottom is Golden Square. The badges have top and bottom rough edges to fold under for sewing on a garment or hat.. Box 625organization, government, state government, victorian division australian comforts' fund golden square. ww1 - ww11

BHS CollectionJohn Brown Fashion News Letter Vol 1, No 2.: A paper newsletter on a white back ground printed in black and tan colour box at the top, 20 x 5.2cm with fashion repeated three times filling the area on the right side. A stylized figure appears on the left hand side with its left leg pointed upwards. Underneath is Vol 1, No.2, Published by John Brown Industries Ltd. 110 Trennery Crescent Abbotsford, Vic. 3067. April 1968, (underlined). Page 1. The article is headed *Admiral Club Afloat* which is a new trade name for knit shirts, that has 300 colours and style combinations. Tricel is a new fibre introduced for the first time in Australia. On the right hand side is a black and white photo of two men wearing Tetoron and Polycott in a contemporary design wearing Bermuda shorts standing on a boat. On the left of the photo is a girl in a bikini top. On page 2 is a report on the increase on imports of knitted garments against local production. Also an article on quality control in Bendigo and a photo showing Mr Frank Harris viewing a fabric through an industrial magnifying glass. Page 3 shows knitwear from *The Admiral Club Range* Second item on page 2 is of The successful Kyneton Mill being established in 1921 bringing employment from the extended district. A photo of an original employee Mr Jim Roberts is at the bottom. Last page is an article top left side is The Welmar Men's Dress Shirt proved very popular and sold out before Christmas. Under that is a photo of the busy pressing room in Bendigo. Bottom left : *Sales Network Expanded* an article on sales covering Brisbane and a new office in Townsville. Top right is an article about Anne Hine an employee of John Brown, runner up of the Miss Victoria Quest enjoying herself in Queensland on the Gold Coast which was part of her prize. A photo of Anne with a dolphin is included. Other topics include *Ten pin Bowling trophy to Victoria* and New President announced*, Mrs Molly Lapsley Retires. Box 116AAssociated World Public Relations Pty Ltd. Printed by Aldine Press.bendigo, industry, john brown knitting mills, john brown industries. mr frank harris. mr jim roberts. michael robinson. welmar plant bendigo. norma gardner. mrs molly lapsley

The Arrow shirt company was founded by William H.Titus and his partner in Chicago, Illinois and in the late 1800s merged with Cluett Peabody. In 1929 Cluett, Peabody & Co. established a national menswear business under the Arrow brand name. The "Arrow" name gradually grew into a product line that included shirts, collars, handkerchiefs, cravats, pyjamas, and underwear for men and boys. (Wikipedia)Two pairs of men's underwear. "Arrow" Trademark. Made from "Sanforized Shrunk fabric - ironless finished cotton". Cotton tape threaded through the top band allow for some adjustments to sizing. One garment appears to have hand stitching on the top band to allow for resizing or repair. Each pair has three silver coloured press studs for front fastening. 1930s - 1940s.arrow clothing, underwear

This corset cover is one of several linen and clothing items that were made and belonged to Mrs. Eliza Towns and donated to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village. Eliza was born Eliza Gould in 1857 in South Melbourne (Emerald Hill) and in 1879 married Charles Towns. In the early 1880's they moved to Nhill in western Victoria and remained there for the rest of their married life. Charles was a jeweller and later became an accountant and for many years was involved with the Shire Council, the local show committee (A & P Society), the Hospital Committee and the Board of the local newspaper (the Nhill Free Press). They had three children and lived a life that would be regarded as comfortably "middle class". Eliza probably had a treadle sewing machine and would have made many of her own clothes as well as clothes for her children - adding her own handmade embroidered or crocheted decorative trim. This corset cover is an excellent example of an everyday clothing item with the decorative trim favoured by women in the late Victorian era. Eliza Towns has added pintucks, embroidered feather stitch and a highly decorative hand crocheted lace trim to the neckline, sleeves and front of the bodice. Corset covers (sometimes called camisoles) began to appear in women's fashion around 1840 and continued through the late Victorian decades into the Edwardian era. The long chemise was considered too bulky to cover the corset and so the corset cover was developed to be short and light and was worn over the corset and under the bodice of the outer garment. A woman would dress into her chemise and drawers first, followed by her corset and finally her corset cover as a final layer under her dress. Corset covers served several purposes. They provided protection against sweat (and the need to regularly wash the corset), helped smooth the lines of the corset and increased a woman's modesty.This item is an example of the needlework skills of women in the late 19th century - combining machine stitching with hand embroidery and crochet to embellish an item of personal underclothing. It is also significant as an example of a practical solution to the difficulty of hand washing a corset in the Victorian era.A short (waist length) corset cover of fine cotton. Short sleeves fall from a square neckline and are gathered into a wide crocheted lace trim with a band of embroidered feather stitch. The same crocheted lace design and feather stitching are also on the square neckline which is finished with a drawstring ribbon. The bodice has a front opening with five buttons and is bordered on each side with four pintucks. It has a drawstring ribbon at the waist and an extra layer of fine cotton lining has been added to strengthen the corset cover under the arms. The back has two bands of three pintucks running vertically from the neckline to the waist.flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum & village, warrnambool, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, nhill, wimmera, eliza towns, underclothing, corset cover, camisole, machine sewing, hand sewing, crocheted lace, pintucks, feather stitch, embroidery, underwear, victorian era underclothing, victorian era corset cover

This chemise is one of several linen and clothing items that were made and belonged to Mrs. Eliza Towns and donated to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village. Eliza was born Eliza Gould in 1857 in South Melbourne (Emerald Hill) and in 1879 married Charles Towns. In the early 1880's they moved to Nhill in western Victoria and remained there for the rest of their married life. Charles was a jeweller and later became an accountant and for many years was involved with the Shire Council, the local show committee (A & P Society), the Hospital Committee and the Board of the local newspaper (the Nhill Free Press). They had three children and lived a life that would be regarded as comfortably "middle class". Eliza probably had a treadle sewing machine and would have made many of her own clothes as well as clothes for her children - adding her own handmade embroidered or crocheted decorative trim. This chemise is machine sewn by Eliza Towns and she has added pintucks and broderie anglaise lace as a decorative element. A chemise was usually a sleeveless garment made of linen or cotton (so they could be easily washed) and its shape was much like a modern day nightgown. The name comes from the French word for "shirt" or "shift". Women wore chemises next to the skin (under the corset) to keep stains and odors away from the less washable corset and gown.This item is an example of the needlework skills of women in the mid to late 19th century - combining machine stitching with hand embroidery to personlise and embellish an item of clothing. It is also significant as an example of a practical solution to the difficulties of needing to regularly hand wash a bulky outer garment or gown in the Victorian era.A white cotton, short sleeved, knee length chemise. The fabric at the front is gathered on a yoke which is decorated with bands of five pintucks alternating with broderie anglaise lace and embroidered strips lined with pink ribbon. A different broderie anglaise design decorates the sleeve edges, neckline and center broderie anglaise strip. The back of the chemise is gathered on to the neckline. There are two bands of pintucks on each sleeve. The fabric around each armhole has been strengthened with another layer of cotton and a length of cotton has been added (from the left shoulder to the hem) to increase the width of chemise.flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, great ocean road, south west victoria, victorian era, victorian era undergarments, chemise, victorian era chemise, undergarments, pintucks, victorian chemise, eliza towns, nhill, wimmera, home sewing, machine sewn, hand made

This item of underclothing, called a "combination" is one of several linen and clothing items that were made and belonged to Mrs. Eliza Towns and donated to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village. Eliza was born Eliza Gould in 1857 in South Melbourne (Emerald Hill) and in 1879 married Charles Towns. In the early 1880's they moved to Nhill in western Victoria and remained there for the rest of their married life. Charles was a jeweller and later became an accountant and for many years was involved with the Shire Council, the local show committee (A & P Society), the Hospital Committee and the Board of the local newspaper (the Nhill Free Press). They had three children and lived a life that would be regarded as comfortably "middle class". Eliza probably had a treadle sewing machine and would have made many of her own clothes as well as clothes for her children - adding her own handmade embroidered or crocheted decorative trim. Combination undergarments combined the chemise and drawers into one garment. The combination is divided, or bifurcated, from the waist to the crutch for easier urinating. This one-piece type of underwear was worn by females from the 1860s and into the early 1900s. The 19th Century garments had front button closures like this one, and those made in the 1900s more often had back closures. Combination underwear was popular because the all-in-one design had far fewer gathers and bulk, making the other clothing look much smoother. Their primary use was to protect clothing from perspiration and because they were made with cotton or linen, were easy to wash. Although they were worn under the corset, next to the skin (and therefore not meant to be seen), they were often decorated with lace and embroidery. Although these combinations are made with a plain cotton fabric, Eliza Towns has incorporated pin tucks, hand embroidery and crocheted lace to embellish her garment. The collection of women’s late-19th-century undergarments is an example of clothing that women would include in their wardrobes. The garments add to the study of the evolution of women's fashions and practicality for the early Australian settlers. The careful needlework in these handmade garments and hand-worked lace trims reflect the maker’s dedication to making even serviceable garments beautiful to look at and wear.Women’s white cotton and lace all-In-one combination undergarment. The handmade underwear is a combined chemise and bloomers. It has three buttons in the front and a handmade drawstring cord around the square neckline. It is trimmed with crocheted lace (with a floral design) on the neckline, sleeves and pants. It had pintucks and feather stitching on the bodice and the left and right sides are divided from the waist to the crutch. The back of the garment is plain with a gathered section at the lower back.flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, maritime museum, maritime village, warrnambool, great ocean road, victorian era, combination undergarment, all-in-one underwear, combination, ‘combinations’, one-piece underwear, one-piece undergarment, chemise and bloomers, combination chemise and bloomers, divided, bifurcated, split, chemise and drawers, women’s underwear, ladies’ underwear, undergarment, women’s clothing, women’s fashion, lingerie, 19th-century undergarment, handmade clothing, handmade lace, crocheted lace, towns family, nhill, eliza towns