Websters Popular Illustrated Dictionary by Webster, Noah Publisher The World Syndicate Publishing Co flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, book, websters popular illustrated dictionary, websters dictionary, dictionary

Green cloth-bound hardcover book. Worn at corners, loss of colour front cover. Foxing to front pages, pencil scribbles some pages. Back flyleaf missing. 268 pp. Good condition.'S - /9' inside front cover.dictionary

HARDCOVER BOOK RED LEATHER COVER WITH GOLD IMPRINT ON FRONT COVER 2077 PAGESnon-fictionAUSTRALASIAN EDITION - WEBSTER'S UNABRIDGED DICTIONARY COMPRISING THE ISSUES OF1864, 1879 AND 1884dictionary, websters

Websters Pocket Pronouncing Dictionary by William G Webster Publisher Ward Lock & Bowden Date 1850flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, websters pocket pronouncing dictionary, book, william g webster

Websters New International Dictionary Editor: W T Harris Publisher: G & C Merriam Date: 1910flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, book, websters new international dictionary, dictionary

This dictionary is a large tome containing a wealth of information current at the time of publication (1958). The Webster’s Dictionary is an American publication but it was known world-wide and would have been in many households in Australia in the mid 20th century. No information is available on A. M. Archibald (the signature in the front of the book)This book has no known local provenance but is retained as an example of an antiquarian item, a 60 year-old book.This is a large tome of 2129 pages, plus supplements of 160 pages. It has a faded dark green linen cover. The spine and the cover edges are damaged. The wording on the spine and cover are almost indecipherable. Inside the covers are images of a tree with branches representing Indo-European languages. The pages have alphabetical thumb tabs and these are double-sided with gold lettering. The pages contain black and white illustrations and coloured plates. The supplementary material includes coloured world maps, dictionaries of biography, geography and mythology and information on foreign words and phrases, abbreviations, Scripture and the history of Canada.A.M. Archibald Webster’s Dictionary antiquarian books, history of warrnambool

School dictionary owned by Shirley BlackPaperback, 132 pages.On cover " Shirley Black Eltham High School"shirley black, dictionaries

Large hard covered bookdictonary

Nicholas Jones uses books and printed paper to make works which question the manner in which books are ‘read’. He employs scalpels and a careful hand to carve and incise, fold, tear and sew his materials, manipulating books and pages in a manner that disrupts narrative structure and creates alternative readings. Old books, subject to his process-driven practice, are reborn as sculptural objects. In 2012 Jones was awarded a Creative Fellowship by the State Library of Victoria. Several years of research into mapping and the history of cartography led to his discovery of Terrarum Orbis Theatrum, considered to be the world’s first true modern atlas, published 1570 in Antwerp, Belgium. Inspired by this tome, Jones deftly carved the topographical Readers Digest, Atlas of Australia (Terra Australis nondum cognita) the larger book displayed here, acquired by Council in 2014. The topographical effect achieved by carving imagined coastline through the book is mirrored by the aerial geographical view of an Australian landscape printed on the book's endpapers. To complement this acquisition, four smaller works were commissioned in 2015. Stonnington’s community is diverse and rich in its heritage; Jones references the four most common ethnic origins of residents of the City of Stonnington as listed in the most recent census data. The coastal outlines of these countries, as represented in significant historical maps, are here embodied in little paper vessels of content and history. As Jones intervenes in the physicality of the books, he transforms them into small yet compelling sculptures that challenge and expand the questions and answers books typically provide.New Zealand Map reference: by Captain James Cook (1770) Book sculpted: Webster's Self Pronouncing Dictionarystonnington contemporary art collection, topography, cartography, atlas, landscape, geography, book, nicholas jones, sculpture

Large maroon leather hardcover Webster's International Dictionary of the English Language - Australasian Edition with the title printed in gold lettering in a circle with the publisher's symbol. Gold lines are on the edges of cover with the letters A - M in gold on the right hand side. Alphabetical A-Z thumb tabs, an index and appendix included as are coloured plates throughout. The front cover is detached from the spine, leather is worn and the gilt faded.non-fictionAn International dictionary - Australasian edition dictionaries, reference books

The Imperial Dictionary English Technological and Scientific Vol 1 Author: John Ogilvie Publisher: Blackie & Son Ltd Date: 1861 Further Information: Black cloth hardcover with a brown leather spine, title lettering in gold. The spine has a Library label with an inscription.non-fictionThe Imperial Dictionary was a massive, progressive undertaking designed to be a bridge between a traditional language dictionary and a comprehensive technical encyclopedia. John Ogilvie built the text upon the foundation of Noah Webster’s famous American Dictionary. However, Ogilvie dramatically expanded it to include thousands of new terms born from the Industrial Revolution. It heavily prioritized the vocabulary of engineering, medicine, manufacturing, chemistry, and the arts, alongside a vast array of distinct Scottish and provincial British terms that Webster had omitted.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, book, pattison collection, warrnambool library, warrnambool mechanics’ institute, ralph eric pattison, corangamite regional library service, warrnambool city librarian, mechanics’ institute library, victorian library board, warrnambool books and records, warrnambool children’s library

The Imperial Dictionary English Technological and Scientific Vol 2 Author: John Ogilvie Publisher: Blackie & Son Ltd Date: 1861 Further Information: Black cloth hardcover with a brown leather spine, title lettering in gold. The spine has a Library label with an inscription.non-fictionThe Imperial Dictionary was a massive, progressive undertaking designed to be a bridge between a traditional language dictionary and a comprehensive technical encyclopedia. John Ogilvie built the text upon the foundation of Noah Webster’s famous American Dictionary. However, Ogilvie dramatically expanded it to include thousands of new terms born from the Industrial Revolution. It heavily prioritized the vocabulary of engineering, medicine, manufacturing, chemistry, and the arts, alongside a vast array of distinct Scottish and provincial British terms that Webster had omitted.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, book, pattison collection, warrnambool library, warrnambool mechanics’ institute, ralph eric pattison, corangamite regional library service, warrnambool city librarian, mechanics’ institute library, victorian library board, warrnambool books and records, warrnambool children’s library

Hard cover book. The Life of Luther Author: M Michelet Translator: William Hazlitt Jr Publisher: Bell & Daldy & Co Date: 1872 Further Information: Green Cloth hardcover with lettering to spine in gilt. The spine has a Library label with an inscription.non-fictionThe Life of Luther, written by himself, is not a conventional biography but a compilation of Martin Luther's own words letters, table-talk, and passages drawn from his polemical and dogmatic writings selected, translated into French, arranged in roughly chronological order, and lightly stitched together with narrative commentary by Jules Michelet. It is a biography composed of a series of translations; except for the earliest years, which Luther could not narrate himself, the translator rarely needed to speak in his own voice. The English subject edition is Michelet's French compilation that was first published in Paris in 1835 as Mémoires de Luther, écrits par lui-même and rendered into English by William Hazlitt (1811–1893). The work traces Luther from his peasant origins and monastic life through his ordination, his journey to Rome, his "temptations" and inner spiritual crises, his break with the papacy, his marriage to the escaped nun Katharina von Bora, and his role at the centre of the Reformation, largely in his own recorded voice, framed by Michelet. Michelet composed the work almost entirely in 1828–29, publishing it in 1835. As the translator of Vico's Scienza Nuova, he felt a need at that time to move from theory to application, to study the general in the individual, history in biography, humanity in one man and Luther was his chosen vehicle: a man complete in thought and action, whose entire life, down to its smallest words and deeds, had been recorded.warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, shipwrecked-artefact, book, the life of luther, m michelet

Double-sided A5 size advertisement for public auction under instructions from the owner on Monday, September 23, 1935 on the property - seven room brick residence with frontage 456 feet by approximately 280 feet and contentents of dwelling fully listed over 4 pages. Agent - J.B. McAlpin, Ringwood, opp. station. Phone Ringwood 7; after houres 236. Auctioneer - ED. Haughton & Co., 379 Collins Street, Melbourne. Phone Central 4101.Contents of Dwelling List - includes: DINING ROOM - Dining Room Suite - 6 pieces; Oval Blackwood Dining Table; Blackwood Sideboard; Axminster Carpet, Occasional Table hand carved; Oak Trays; Seascape, Landscape and other Pictures; 2 Marble Vases; Marble Monkey and 3 other Small Ornaments; Ash Tray and Poker; One Pair Stencilled Curtains. Two Large Vases, 1 with floral design; Salad Bowl and Servers; One Dozen Dessert Knives; Nine Stainless Teaspoons (new); Plated Vases; Plated Jam Dishes; Plated Cream Bowl; Silver Plated Cake Dish; One Pair Plated Shell Butter Dishes; Lino Border. LOUNGE ROOM - 2 Pictures and 1 pair with Circular Frames; Floral Jardinere and Pot Plant; Cabinet Gramophone "Singola"; Records; Player Piano "Cable"; Piano Stool; 31 Rolls; Roll Cabinet; Quantity of Music; Music Case, Leather; Portable Gramophone "Decca"; Floral Design Jardinere; Wicker Occasional Table; 2 Wicker Chairs; Cane Lounge Settee; Blackwood Bookcase; 9 Volumes Universal Encyclopedia; 10 Vols Children's Encyclopedia; Floral Vase; Black and Gold Vase; One pair Plated Vases; Ash Pan; Lino Border (Lounge Room); One Carpet, green 13.6 x 10.6; One Cushion; Hall Stand; Pedestal; Floral Design Jardinere; Painting on Canvas (Landscape); Hall Runner Carpet 25 feet; Hall Lino 29ft 5 in.; Five Door Mats (small). FIRST BEDROOM - Arm Chair (Leather); English Oak Dressing Table; English Oak Wash Stand Marble Top; Toilet Set (Four pieces); Silk Fire Screen; Blackwood Occasional Table; Black and Gold Vase; Pair China Vases; Pair Glass Vases; Single Glass Vase; One Kewpie Lavender Bag; Bedroom Lino 15.6 x 13.6. SECOND BEDROOM - Arm Chair (Leather); Dressing Table; Wash Stand; 3 Piece Toilet Set; One Vase (Pink Cameo Design); Two Ornaments (one round); Bedroom Lino 13.5 x 12.10; 3 Pictures; 2 Pairs Curtains (applique, stenc'ld); Pair Curtain Poles. THIRD BEDROOM - Lino approx 14ft x 10ft; Two Green Mohair Mats; Pair Pictures (White frames); One Picture ("The Mourners"); Picture ("The Wanderer Found"); Small Picture; Wicker Chair. FOURTH BEDROOM - Duchess Chest 5 drawers; Corner Wardrobe and Curtains; One Single Bed & Wire Mattress; Single Bedding; Lino on floor 14ft x 6ft 6in.; Occasional Table; 3 Pictures; Two Door Mats; Hall Runner (Carpet) 21ft. BREAKFAST ROOM - Two Wicker Chairs; Cushion; Brown Cushion; Four Vienna Chairs; Jardinere; Kerb (Wooden). 3 Pictures; Oil Painting (Canvas); 2 Pictures; Lino 14ft x 14ft; Brown Table Cover; Fruit Set; Robur Tea Pot; Plaque; China Biscuit Barrel; Glass Fruit Bowl; Pair Pickle Jars and Stand; Wooden Inkstand; Pair Ash Trays; Two Marble Vases; Glass Vase; Electric Jug and Electric Toaster (practically new); Picture; Cushion; Pair Lace Curtains; Curtain Rod; Three Lace Curtains; Brass Curtain Rods (3); Lino in Vestibule 10ft x 8 ft; Lino in Kitchen 12.6 x8.6; Coal Scuttle; Two Small Tables (1 Baize Cover). STORE ROOM - Briquette Grate; Three Coir Mats (one new); Three Small Door Mats (new); Glass Fire Screen; 2 Alm Pot Stands; Steel Pot Stand; Lady's Bicycle; 2 Electric Radiators (one large); White Cabinet; Stretcher Bed; Large Cot with Wire Mattress; Kerb; Fender and Irons; Lino on floor 12ft x 12ft; Lino in Storeroom 6ft x 6ft; Three Large Window Blinds; Clothes Horse; Dressmaker's Fitting Stand; Dressmaker's Bust; Window Display Bust; Blouse Stand; Small Display Stand; Meat Cover (Metal); Leather Portmantau; Leather Kit Bag; Four Large Wooden Drawers; Picnic Basket; Mattress, Bolster and Pillow; Cot Quilt; One Long-handled Feather Duster; Feather Duster; Wicker Lounge; Cane Soiled Linen Basket; One New Washing Tub; Copper Preserving Pan; Lino in Laundry 8 x 6 approx; Carpet Sweeper; Small Jardinere; 2 Shopping Baskets; Kitchen Safe; Kitchen Table; Three Buckets; 1 Horse Rub patent (prac new); Wooden Pot Plant Stand; Bird Cage and Stand; Pair Steps; Pair Small Steps; Metal Meat Safe; Wooden Safe; Hand worked Table Cover; Pair Poplin Silk Curtains (new); Leather Table Centre. VERANDAH - 12ft Shelving with doors; 35ft Shelving; Wooden Stand; Axe Stand (wooden); Nine feet Wooden Shop Fittings; Small Filing Cabinet; Three Window Frames & Glass; 38 Pot Plants Fernery; 9 Hanging Baskets Fernery; Electric Shop Sgn Storeroom; 2 Small Electric Shop Signs Storeroom; 2 Garden Sprays; Doll's Pram and Doll; Two Boxes Paint and Slate; Crystal Radio Set; New Canvas Blind & Roller 6ft.; Electric Light Reflectors (two); Two pieces of Painted Baize; Small Vice; Sprinkler; One Gallon Tin of Spray Oil; 2 Packets of "Aresto"; Two Hurricane Lamps; One Pair Spring Balance Scales; Small Pair Spring Balance Scales. WASH HOUSE - Pair Heavy Tracers (2); Pair Reins; Back Band; One Tug; Pair Hames; One Pair Neck Bands (2); Four Manger Balls; Pair Knee Pads; Kicking Strap complete; Leather Head Stall; Collar Pad; Knife Board and Tin Polish; Fork Cleaner; Foot Spray Pump. TOOL SHED - One Stewart Horse Clipper; Approx 120ft Ribbed Hose; 100ft ½in Hose; Child's Scooter; Tin Box; Ferret Box; One Tool Box; Tomato Hoe; Sprinkler; Two Large Augers; Large Watering Can; Medium Watering Can; Small Watering Can; Wooden Tool Chest; Rope, Tackle and two Pulleys; Six pieces of Lino; Three Small Canvas Blinds; Lawn Mower 14in.; Lawn Mower 12in.; Grass Catcher; 8 Pieces Garden Tools; Barrow; Quantity of Timber; Quantity of Flower Pots; Quantity of Wire; 4 Egg & 1 Fowl Crates Feed Room; 1 Gallon Demijohn Feed Room; Quantity of Shelving Feed Room; Quantity of Cement, Lime; Six Small Doors; Roll of Perforated Cardboard; Boot Rack; Coat Rack; 3 Automatic Sanitary Disinfectant; Pair Neck Straps and Rope; One Chimney Top & 3 Vent Bks.; Desk; Large Pump; Large Safe; Pair Sliding Door Rollers & Fittings; Two Wooden Doors; Box Sundries; Wooden Frame and Glass; 2 Vienna Chairs; Delivery Cart; Five Boxes Tiles; Quantity Agricultural Pipes; Wooden Bench; Wood Horse; Earthenware Drain Pipe; Wooden Tool Box; New Brass Spray "Rego"; Two Wood Planes. YARD - Pair Hedge Clippers; Box Containing 2 prs Secateurs & Punch; Box Tools seven pieces; Box Sundries; Lawn Weeder and Seed Sower; Box Tools 6 pieces; Two Saws; Bundle Files; Three Braces; Box of 13 pieces Gimlets etc.; Five Spanners; Box Tools 4 pieces; Four Coal Chisels; Box 7 pieces of Tools; Box of 5 pieces of Tools; Box of Docket Books; One Printing set; Large Figure Printing Set; Small Figure Printing set; Price Ticket Box; Air Brush Writing Set Complete; Six Shelves & Brackets, one Hat Rack, in store room; Box of Three Hammers; Two Boot Lasts; Tin of Polishing Oil; Box of Gardening Sundries; 2 Bicycle Pumps Saddle & Clips; One Covered Baking Dish; 200 c.p. Globe (Vestibule); Two "Dimolite" Fittings; Set of Five Canisters; Earthernware Jar; Two shopping Cases; Dinner Set 11 pieces; Box of Sundry Tins; Alm Fish Pan and Drainer; Two Ventilators; Knife Board & 3 Bread Saws; Soap Box and Jewel Case; Three Glass Articles. OFFICE FURNITURE - Steel Safe (Office Safe); Office Table five drawers; Cabinet 8 drawers; Cupboard three shelves; Selves 2ft3in x 1ft6in; Cheque Protector; Remington Typewriter; Typewriter Adjustable Table; Burroughs Bookkeeping Machine and Stand Complete; Small Office Table; Glass Show Case3ft9 x 2ft.; Four Sheets M. Glass; Five Sheets P. Glass; Gent's Overcoat new; Boy's Pullover New; Small Show Case; Duplicator (complete); Webster's Dictionary; Family doctor's Book. Two Dictionaries; Bundle of Three Books; Art Decorating Book; Bundle of Three Books; Bundle of Three Books; Two Books (Children's); (Multiple) Bundles each containing Three Books; Leather Riding Whip; Tort-shell Inkstand & Calendar; Tort-shell Folding Letter Rack; Water Filter; Thermos Flask and Case; Two Waste Paper Baskets.

Box of dip pen nibs made by William Mitchell Calligraphy dating back to late 19th or early 20th century when dip pens with steel nibs were the main writing instruments. The pen nibs are shaped to fit into a slot in the base of a wooden or Bakelite pen holder. The hole at the front of the nib is for collecting ink from a well, which is then stored in a reservoir at the back of the nib. The nibs are stamped with their nib size and Pedigree (what type of nib it is) and maker’s details. William Mitchell Calligraphy still makes these nibs today with a slightly difference finish. (ref: Sales and Marketing Director of William Mitchell Calligraphy in 2016). HISTORY of the Ink Pen Quills and ink were common writing tools until the early 19th century when the pen trade began mass producing steel nibs and pens. The steel nibs each have a hole in the middle that acts like a well for the ink. When the nib is dipped into the ink well the writer needs to ensure that it is dipped to only just past that well. India Ink was one of the most popular inks used with the nib pens, notable for its satin-like smooth flow. This ink is composed of a particularly fine carbon mixed with water; it can also be obtained as a dry stick that is then crushed and mixed with water as required. The Jewellery Quarter of Birmingham had the largest concentration of independent jewellers in Europe. Birmingham became the centre of the world’s pen trade for many years -, during the 1800’s over 100 factories, employing 1000s of skilled workers, manufactured the ‘Birmingham Pen’. ABOUT WILLIAM MITCHELL CALLIGRAPHY LTD.* (*The following text is quoted from the William Mitchell Calligraphy website) British based William Mitchell Calligraphy has been designing and manufacturing exceptional pens for almost 200 years. The William Mitchell heritage in making pen nibs began whilst working with his brother John Mitchell in the early 1820s. William Mitchell established his own business in 1825 to become one of the leading nib manufacturers and famous for lettering pens. Almost 100 years later William Mitchell merged with Hinks, Wells & Co, another pen manufacturer, to form British Pens, employing around 1000 people in the Bearwood Road area of Birmingham. During the early 1960s British Pens acquired the pen business of other pen manufacturers Perry & Co and John Mitchell, once again reuniting the two brothers. Joseph Gillott, who were famous for their artist drawing and mapping nibs, amalgamated with British pens in 1969. William Mitchell and Joseph Gillott established in Birmingham during the early part of the nineteenth century and [their products] are still proudly made here. British Pens were subsequently purchased by its current owner Byron Head, the owner of William Mitchell (Sinkers) in 1982, and was subsequently renamed William Mitchell (calligraphy) Ltd. Established in 1827 Joseph Gillott was one of the pioneers of mass steel pen nib manufacturing. The company was particularly strong in the American market, prompting Elihu Burrit, the American consul, to write “In ten thousand school houses across the American continent between two oceans, a million children are as familiarly acquainted with Joseph Gillott as with Noah Webster” (The compiler of the famous American dictionary). The company consequently received visits from many notable Americans, including president Ulysses S Grant. Email on file, from Mike Chappell, Sales and Marketing Manager, William Mitchell Calligraphy, “20161122 - William Mitchell re pen nibs” How to use a dip pen to create modern calligraphy, https://thepostmansknock.com/how-to-use-a-dip-pen-to-create-modern-calligraphy/ India Ink, Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India_ink birmingham Pen Trade, Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birmingham_pen_trade The Pen Museum, http://penmuseum.org.uk/ The early 19th century invention and later mass production of pen nibs such these in our collection had a large impact on education and literacy because the nibs could be produced in great numbers and affordable prices.Box of patent Mitchell nibs containing 48 "Pedigree" nibs. Box depicts picture of William Mitchell on lid, and picture of nib pen on lid and side. Made in Birmingham, England. Nib “0505 Wm MITCHELLS PEDIGREE ENGLAND” Box “PEDIGREE / MAINFOLD SLIP”, “WILLIAM MITCHELL / BIRM - - - - - - LOND” flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, william mitchell calligraphy ltd, pen nib, writing implement, writing accessories, dip pen, birmingham manufacturer, communication in writing, mass produced pen nibs

The two cards of nibs are retail display cards of the dip pen nibs that William Mitchell Calligraphy produced, dating back to around the 1920’s, which was the time of the Great Exhibition in the UK. At that time dip pens with steel nibs were the main writing instruments. British Pens Ltd. had recently formed as a company and its subsidiaries included the the company William Mitchell, which is why British Pens Ltd. is named on the cards as well. One card (1) has the Round Hand nib, which is widely used today for calligraphy scripts. The other card (2) has the Script nib that has round upturned points for monocline or unshaded lettering that is also used for calligraphy. The nibs also have a detachable reservoir. The pen nibs are shaped to fit into a slot in the base of a wooden or Bakelite pen holder. The hole at the front of the nib is for collecting ink from a well, which is then stored in a reservoir at the back of the nib. The nibsare stamped with their nib size and Pedigree (what type of nib it is) and maker’s details. William Mitchell Calligraphy still makes these nibs today with a slightly difference finish. (ref: Sales and Marketing Director of William Mitchell Calligraphy in 2016). HISTORY of the Ink Pen Quills and ink were common writing tools until the early 19th century when the pen trade began mass producing steel nibs and pens. The steel nibs each have a hole in the middle that acts like a well for the ink. When the nib is dipped into the ink well the writer needs to ensure that it is dipped to only just past that well. India Ink was one of the most popular inks used with the nib pens, notable for its satin-like smooth flow. This ink is composed of a particularly fine carbon mixed with water; it can also be obtained as a dry stick that is then crushed and mixed with water as required. The Jewellery Quarter of Birmingham had the largest concentration of independent jewellers in Europe. Birmingham became the centre of the world’s pen trade for many years -, during the 1800’s over 100 factories, employing 1000s of skilled workers, manufactured the ‘Birmingham Pen’. ABOUT WILLIAM MITCHELL CALLIGRAPHY LTD.* (*The following text is quoted from the William Mitchell Calligraphy website) British based William Mitchell Calligraphy has been designing and manufacturing exceptional pens for almost 200 years. The William Mitchell heritage in making pen nibs began whilst working with his brother John Mitchell in the early 1820s. William Mitchell established his own business in 1825 to become one of the leading nib manufacturers and famous for lettering pens. Almost 100 years later William Mitchell merged with Hinks, Wells & Co, another pen manufacturer, to form British Pens, employing around 1000 people in the Bearwood Road area of Birmingham. During the early 1960s British Pens acquired the pen business of other pen manufacturers Perry & Co and John Mitchell, once again reuniting the two brothers. Joseph Gillott, who were famous for their artist drawing and mapping nibs, amalgamated with British pens in 1969. William Mitchell and Joseph Gillott established in Birmingham during the early part of the nineteenth century and [their products] are still proudly made here. British Pens were subsequently purchased by its current owner Byron Head, the owner of William Mitchell (Sinkers) in 1982, and was subsequently renamed William Mitchell (calligraphy) Ltd. Established in 1827 Joseph Gillott was one of the pioneers of mass steel pen nib manufacturing. The company was particularly strong in the American market, prompting Elihu Burrit, the American consul, to write “In ten thousand school houses across the American continent between two oceans, a million children are as familiarly acquainted with Joseph Gillott as with Noah Webster” (The compiler of the famous American dictionary). The company consequently received visits from many notable Americans, including president Ulysses S Grant. The early 19th century invention and mass production of pen nibs such these in our collection had a large impact on education and literacy because the nibs could be produced in great numbers and affordable prices.Pen nibs; 2 cards of steel dip pen nibs from the 1920’s. The steel nibs are attached to cards by 2 rows of entwined cotton cord. Reverse sides of cards have some hand written marks. Manufacturer; William Mitchell, Birmingham, England. Card issued by British Pens Ltd. Nibs have shaped ends, a hole in the centre with a well on the underside, and the tops are shaped approximately quarter circle. Inscriptions are pressed into each nib. The script pens have detachable reservoirs made of a metal different to the nib. (Card 1) Round Hand Pens, 11 nibs remain from card of 12. Printed on card “Round Hand Pens for Beautiful Writing, Twelve degrees of point, Square points. William Mitchell, Birmingham, England. This card is issued by British Pens Ltd. MADE IN ENGLAND” Also printed on top left of card is a pen drawing of a person writing at a desk, background of decorative 3-paned window in brick wall. (Card 2) Script Pens; 11 nibs remain from card of 12. “Script pens fitted with detachable reservoir. William Mitchell, Birmingham, England. This card is issued by British Pens Ltd. MADE IN ENGLAND” Also printed on top right of card is a pen drawing of a person writing at a desk, background of decorative 3-paned window in brick wall. On Card 1, - each nib is stamped with its size, and “Wm MITCHELLS / PEDIGREE / ROUND HAND / ENGLAND” - hand written on front bottom of card in ball point pen “Lettering 5 times size of nib” - hand drawn on back of card in red and blue ball point pen are scribbled lines On Card 2 - each nib is stamped with its size, and “WILLIAM / MITCHELLS / SCRIPT PEN / ENGLAND” - a black circle corresponding to the nib is printed on the card above each nib. - hand written on back of card in black felt tip pen are numerals - hand drawn on back, 4 parallel lines in red ball point pen with the numbers “10” between 2 of the lines flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, william mitchell calligraphy ltd, british pens ltd., pen nib, writing implement, dip pen, round hand nib, script nib, birmingham manufacturer, communication in writing, mass produced pen nibs