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An Eye for Eucalypts
In his hometown of Ararat, Stan Kelly (1911 – 2001) was known as an engine driver and as a talented painter of plants and flowers. A determined amateur, Stan painted at home on a small table and shared his talent by teaching botanical art in Ararat. Today, many Australians travelling overseas carry his artwork in their pocket.
Kelly is now recognised as one of Australia’s premier botanical illustrators, especially respected for his works on eucalypts. His first book, Australian Eucalypts in Colour, was published in 1949. His most celebrated work, Eucalypts Volumes I & II, was first published in 1969 and became a core reference for students of Australian botany.
Kelly received an Order of Australia Medal in 1980. In 2009, he was posthumously honoured when a selection of his botanical illustrations was adapted for the ‘N’ series Australian passport.
The Langi Morgala Museum in Ararat houses a permanent exhibit on Stan Kelly and his work, including a fine collection of his paintings.
A collection of over 500 of Kelly’s watercolour paintings is held by the National Herbarium of Victoria, Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne.
Film - Malcolm McKinnon, 'An Eye for Eucalypts', 2011, Ararat & District Historical Society
Courtesy of Malcolm McKinnon and Ararat & District Historical Society
Film - Malcolm McKinnon, 'An Eye for Eucalypts', 2011, Ararat & District Historical Society
Vic Hillebrandt: I knew Stan mainly on the railways. He was famous even on the job for his art.
There were quite a number of people on the railways that were interested in nature.
And Stan and some of his friends like...(Clears throat)..they'd wander out to the Grampians and just wander around the bush.They'd get off and just head straight out into the bush, looking for various eucalypts.
Ann Brewster: I remember he used to talk on how he went to get these specimens, when he was driving the train.
He'd be going along and the train would be slowing down, and he'd hop off the train and let the fireman take over while he went into the bush looking for flowers, and then he'd hop back on the train. But he'd get to his destination on time.
That was a story that went around quite a lot.
My husband even was one of those persons, one of the firemen that had to do a bit for him. (Laughs)
They were expecting it most times, I think, specially in the springtime.
Dorothy Konig: It wasn't until I joined the Field Naturalists that I really got to know Stan.
I started art classes with Stan because he wanted to teach us how to paint wild flowers and orchid in watercolour.
If you were painting something, you really counted how many petals there was to everything.
And with the leaves, you would count whether they're opposite, and the formation of everything that you were attempting to do.
Ann Brewster: He taught us a lot actually. Mainly, I think, was the colours, and how to look at something, what to look for.
Thinking now, it just takes you back in time.
I can see meself sitting there with Stan, and him telling us, you know, what to do and how to do it.
You're learning all the time with painting. It's not only learning painting, but you're learning to look at other things.
Man: They'd look that real. He'd pay that much attention to detail.
And it shows, doesn't it?
Catherine Phillips : I'm Stan Kelly's youngest granddaughter, and I used to visit him in Ararat for many, many years.
The first thing we'd do is we'd go into the lounge room. If Pa wasn't there, he'd be in his bedroom painting, and we just naturally assumed that's what all grandpas did.
It never occurred to me until later on that people knew him beyond Ararat. I just had absolutely no knowledge.
I was fortunate enough to go to the launch in Canberra for the N-series passport, and the passport features botanical illustrations that are from my grandfather. I was lucky enough to speak to the graphic designer. He said, 'Well, if it's got to do with, you know, flora, anything botanical, Stan Kelly's the one.'
I had a friend of mine who'd just been studying at a horticultural college, and I was sort of saying, 'Oh, yes. We'll go back to Pa's place, and see what he's up to. He's pretty pleased because he's been named Ararat Citizen of the Year. Stan Kelly, Citizen of the Year.'
My friend who, of course, had been studying, he just went, 'You know Stan Kelly?'
And I went, 'Well, of course I know Stan Kelly. That's my grandpa.'
Here's my friend just going, 'I can't believe I'm in Stan Kelly's house.'
I didn't quite understand what he was talking about, but he explained to me that their reference book was volume one and two of the Eucalypts, and so Stan Kelly was a god to him and the other students.
So the fact that this girl he'd gone to school with all his life... I was sort of so much more impressive to him after that, because, of course, my grandpa was the great Stan Kelly.
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Courtesy of Malcolm McKinnon and Ararat & District Historical Society
In this video friends and family talk about their memories of Stan Kelly. They recollect Stan’s character traits and reflect on his work as a keen naturalist and a gifted artist.
Stan Kelly O.A.M. (1911 – 2001) was known in the Ararat region as an engine driver with a passion for the bush, and painting plants and flowers. In the wider world, Kelly was recognised as one of Australia’s premier botanical illustrators, especially respected for his published works on eucalypts.
Kelly's first book, Australian Eucalypts in Colour, was published in 1949, followed by his most celebrated work, Eucalypts Volumes I & II, first published in 1969, which became a core reference for students of Australian botany.
In 2009, a selection of Kelly’s botanical illustrations was adapted for the ‘N’ series Australian passport.
Photograph - 'Stan Kelly: engine driver at work', c. 1940s, Ararat and District Historical Society
Courtesy of Ararat and District Historical Society
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This photograph shows Stan Kelly pictured with his two quite disparate passions: eucalypts and trains.
What began as a hobby for Stan Kelly in 1945 developed into a quest to paint the entire genus of Eucalyptus. Kelly spent the next 32 years travelling around large areas of Australia collecting specimens. He painted 508 species and, whilst more have since been discovered, even by today’s standards this is a major botanical achievement. His work is published in two volumes titled Eucalypts (1971, 1978).
Photograph - 'Stan Kelly, artist at work', c. 1950s, Ararat and District Historical Society
Courtesy of Ararat and District Historical Society
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Stan Kelly usually worked on his paintings at home on a small table.
All Kelly’s illustrations were watercolours, and the compositions were produced in a consistent portrait format which translated well for publication. Each work portrays all identifying aspects of the species. Of particular importance are the bud characteristics such as colour, shape, and cluster configuration. He also included mature fruiting bodies with identifying details such as number and pattern of valves.
Photograph - 'Stan Kelly', c. 1960s, Ararat and District Historical Society
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Stan Kelly in later life.
Painting - Stan Kelly, 'Eucalyptus Occidentalis (Swamp Yate)', 1956, Ararat and District Historical Society
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This Eucalyptus Occidentalis (Swamp Yate) was painted by Stan Kelly to allow clear identification of the species by showing the stem, bud, leaf and flower.
Kelly developed a keen sense of colour and ability to define the unique differences between his subject matter to a level required for scientific identification. He created many hues and shades of green in order to capture the diversity of this genus.
Painting - Stan Kelly, 'Flowering Eucalypt, detail', Ararat and District Historical Society
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This flowering eucalypt was painted by Stan Kelly to allow clear identification of the species by showing the stem, bud, leaf and flower.
Colour photography in the 1960s was limited in this capacity and Kelly’s paintings provided valuable reference material for many enthusiasts which are still in use today. Given the sheer volume of this project, Kelly’s skill levels increased and his discernment for detail and accuracy grew making him one of the most competent artists and illustrators of his day.
Painting - Stan Kelly, 'Eucalyptus Canaliculata (Large Fruited Grey Gum)', 1962, Ararat and District Historical Society
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This Eucalyptus Canaliculata (Large Fruited Grey Gum) was painted by Stan Kelly to allow clear identification of the species by showing the stem, bud, leaf and flower.
Painting - Stan Kelly, 'Eucalyptus Rossi (Scribbly Gum)', Ararat and District Historical Society
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This Scribbly Gum Eucalyptus Rossi was painted by Stan Kelly to allow clear identification of the species by showing the stem, bud, leaf and flower.
Painting - Stan Kelly, 'Eucalyptus camfieldii, ‘Heart-leafed Stringybark’', State Botanical Collection Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne
Courtesy of Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne
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This Heart-leafed Stringybark Eucalyptus camfieldii was painted by Stan Kelly to allow clear identification of the species by showing the stem, bud, leaf and flower.
Painting - Stan Kelly, 'Eucalyptus rupicola Cliff Mallee Ash', State Botanical Collection Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne
Courtesy of Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne
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This Cliff Mallee Ash Eucalyptus cunninghamii was painted by Stan Kelly to allow clear identification of the species by showing the stem, bud, leaf and flower.
In Eucalypts, vol II, Kelly states the eucalypt “is Australia’s greatest asset and finest ambassador throughout the world”. Little did he know that his commitment to this genus would one day be fully recognised with his illustrations reproduced in the pages of the 'N' series Australian passport.
Painting - Stan Kelly, 'Eucalyptus pauciflora ssp parvifructa ‘Cabbage Gum’', State Botanical Collection Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne
Courtesy of Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne
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This Cabagge Gum Eucalyptus pauciflora ssp parvifructa was painted by Stan Kelly to allow clear identification of the species by showing the stem, bud, leaf and flower.
Painting - Stan Kelly, 'Eucalyptus baxteri White Stringybark', State Botanical Collection Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne
Courtesy of Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne
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This White Stringybark Eucalyptus baxteri was painted by Stan Kelly to allow clear identification of the species by showing the stem, bud, leaf and flower.
Plant Specimen - 'Eucalyptus camfieldii Heart-leafed Stringybark', 1972, State Botanical Collection Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne
Courtesy of Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne
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Stan Kelly collected this specimen of Eucalyptus camfieldii in 1972 from Hornsby, New South Wales.
Plant Specimen - 'Eucalyptus cunninghamii Cliff Mallee Ash', 1972, State Botanical Collection Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne
Courtesy of Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne
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Stan Kelly collected this specimen of Eucalyptus cunninghamii in 1972 from Katoomba, New South Wales.
Plant Specimen - 'Eucalyptus pauciflora ssp parvifructa Cabbage Gum', 1955, State Botanical Collection Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne
Courtesy of Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne
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Stan Kelly collected this specimen of Eucalyptus pauciflora ssp parvifructa in 1955 from the summit of Mt William, near Ararat, Victoria.
Plant Specimen - 'Eucalyptus baxteri White Stringybark', 1954, State Botanical Collection Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne
Courtesy of Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne
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Stan Kelly collected this specimen of Eucalyptus baxteri in 1954 from the summit of Mt William, Grampians, Victoria.
Painting - Stan Kelly, 'Camellia', Ararat and District Historical Society
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Stan Kelly did not limit himself to Australian native flora.
This illustration features a flowering branch of a white camellia, native to eastern and southern Asia. It was a popular garden plant in Australia which had enjoyed a resurgence in the 1940s and 1950s.