Badge: Bendigo Fire Brigade Badge. Design: Bell in the middle surrounded by fire hose with fire helmet above, attached over the helmet is a ring. The bell is inscribed with ' CEFB 1910 Bendigo' Box 625Stokes & Sons MELB.numismatics, badges - civil, fire brigade. bendigo. cefb badge

B+W photograph on brown cardboard mount racing skiff, four oarsmen with cox taken with lush background (Partly Coloured). Inscription: On front, photographer 'Luarel Studio/Bendigo', 'S.R.C.Regatta Dec 1910'Laurel Studio, Bendigoorganization, institution, s.r.c.regatta

Bendigo Art Gallery was founded in 1887 and has over the years undergone extensive building and renovation programs in recent years adding a new contemporary wing, storage areas, and a new entrance and gallery shop. This photographic reproduction of an older post card shows the interior of the rooms now known as the 'historic courts' and an exterior front view c. 1910. Photographic reproduction of unknown post card. Possibly larger than original size. Writing on reverse. Believed to be related to Cat No 0306.Reverse: BENDIGO ART GALLERY 1910 / "The interior architecture remains / largely the same.' / *This photograph is the property / of the Bendigo Art Gallery, and / should be returned promptly.bendigo art gallery, city of greater bendigo tourism

Established by George Guthrie in 1857 (about 5km north of its current site) and then again seven years later in 1864 after it initially closed, Bendigo Pottery remains one of the most influential and longest running Pottery’s in Australia. Over the years the Pottery has contributed to the growth and development of the district through both its products including building products, table ware and decorative and commemorative war as well as artistically, being responsible for training and supporting many potters locally. The City of Greater Bendigo has had a long history of partnering with Bendigo Pottery and the Civic Collection holds a number of important items within its collection. This Alfred Deakin 'reform' flask was one of a limited edition character bottles produced by the Pottery to commemorate important figures in Australian politics. The original reform flasks were English salt-glazed stoneware flasks produced in the early 19th century shaped into the form of figures connected with the Reform Bill of 1832. Much was made of puns like ‘the spirit of reform’ at the time. Artist John Frith has taken the reform flask form as inspiration for a series of political ceramics of some Australian Prime Ministers. The series includes Edmund Barton, Alfred Deakin and Chris Watson.Glazed ceramic flask in the shape Alfred Deakin. Square shaped with most of the detail on the front facing side other than head which is more detailed. Cork still in place in top of head.On reverse of flask; Alfred Deakin / Prime Minister / of Australia / 1903 - 1904 / 1905 - 1908 / 1909 - 1910 Bendigo Pottery / LMTED / Edition Series / 101/200 /Australia Signed lower left; 'Frith'australian politics, bendigo pottery

Bendigo Advertiser ''the way we were'' from August 13, 2001. Celebrations: the members of Bendigo golf club in 1910 were all prominent citizens. This week marks the centenary of celebrations for the Bendigo golf club. The clip is in a folder.newspaper, bendigo advertiser, the way we were

Document. Connelly, Tatchell & Dunlop - Legal Papers. 1 - 1910 - Wilson W H Re Income Tax Return. 2 - Map of Tragowel Plains Irrigation Trust, Parish of Mincha West, County of Gunbower, Portion of Allot 77. Shows channel on William Quinlan Junr block and Henry Bott on neighbouring block. 3 - 1893 - Shmick? W N? H. Notes concerning. Mentions Heffernan. 4 - Vear S. Notes concerning. 5 - Notes concerning Adair W. Mentions Goodwin, Receiver of Revenue, Inglewood. 6 - 1893 - Envelope - Returned Letters - addressed to Connelly, Tatchell & Dunlop, Bendigo. 7 - 1910 - Torn letter to Green B, Solicitor, Charlton re Beckham to McGowan.cottage, miners, connelly, tatchell & dunlop, wilson w h, tragowel plains irrigation trust, quinlan william junr, bott henry, shmick? w n?, heffernan, vear s, adair w, goodwin, green b, beckham, mcgowan

Handwritten copy of a report from the Bendigo Advertiser 25/7/1910. 'A Weeks Record. On Monday, July 18th, water level at Victoria Quartz was 3034 feet. On Saturday (July 23rd) the water had only been lowered to 3059 feet. A gain of 25 feet for a week. Document from Albert Richardson Collection of mining history.gold, drainage problems, new chum drainage association, drainage problems new chum line, victoria quartz, bendigo advertiser 25/7/1910 & 23/7/1910, albert richardson

Handwritten notes on the sale of mining plants. The mining plants of the South St Mungo, Lady Barkly and the Sth St Mungo Crushing Works were sold by Messrs Bell, Lambert and Nixon, Auctioneers of Ballarat. Notes taken from the Bendigo Advertiser, July 14th, 1910, Page 2. Purchasers were H Ralph for Aus ? Co and W J Seve?, Mining Merchants, Melb.gold mining, miners' safety cage, sale of mining plants, bendigo advertiser, south st mungo, lady barkly, st st mungo crushing works, messrs bell, lambert and nixon auctioneers ballarat, h ralph, w j seve?

Joseph Davies collection Information re Joseph Davies (Mine Rescue, Bendigo 1909). Printed sheets: a. from the ''Bendigonian'' 20/7/1909) - 'The Rescue'; b. from the ''Bendigo Advertiser 19/7/1909 - 'Congratulatory Telegrams; c. from the ''Bendigonian'' 1/2/1910 - 'The Bendigo Hero - Presented with the King's Medal'; d. photograph: ' The Governor and group on the platform at the Town Hall - Joe is the first on the left'.Bendigo Advertiser, The Bendigonian.person, individual, joseph davies, joseph davies, mine rescue. kings medal.

Hard cover cash book for the 'King Edward Memorial Sanatorium for Consumptives, Bendigo' for the period 1910 - 1941. Written on front cover ' King Edward V11 Memorial Sanatorium for Consumptives Cash Book' Book contains entries that relate to monies invested for the development of the sanatorium. Examples of entries: '1912 Bendigo Branch in name of Mrs K. Wilkinson and Miss D. Penfold. 1917 Bendigo Branch in names of Dr O Penfold and Mrs. D.Andrew'.bendigo, business, king edward memorial sanatorium

Vessels for storing water such as these are common throughout the ages and evident in the pottery of the middle east, Mediterranean and Africa. Between 1880 and 1910 Bendigo Pottery produced these as part of their terracotta ware range. Established by George Guthrie in 1857 (about 5km north of its current site) and then again seven years later in 1864 after it initially closed, Bendigo Pottery remains one of the most influential and longest running Pottery’s in Australia. Over the years the Pottery has contributed to the growth and development of the district through both its products including building products, table ware and decorative and commemorative war as well as artistically, being responsible for training and supporting many potters locally. The City of Greater Bendigo has had a long history of partnering with Bendigo Pottery to produce tourism tableware and art pieces and the Civic Collection holds a number of important items within its collection.Polished terracotta water holder with saucer and stopper. Globular body with rounded base. The shoulders taper into long cylindrical neck, no handle or pouring spout. Surface is undecorated expect for two rings at base of neck. This is the smaller of the two. 0430a stopper; 0430b vessel; 0430c saucerNone foundbendigo pottery, george gutherie, city of greater bendigo tourism

Vessels for storing water such as these are common throughout the ages and evident in the pottery of the middle east, Mediterranean and Africa. Between 1880 and 1910 Bendigo Pottery produced these as part of their terracotta ware range. Established by George Guthrie in 1857 (about 5km north of its current site) and then again seven years later in 1864 after it initially closed, Bendigo Pottery remains one of the most influential and longest running pottery’s in Australia. Over the years the Pottery has contributed to the growth and development of the district through both its products including building products, table ware and decorative and commemorative ware, as well as artistically, being responsible for training and supporting many local potters. The City of Greater Bendigo has had a long history of partnering with Bendigo Pottery to produce tourism tableware and art pieces and the Civic Collection holds a number of important items within its collection.Polished terracotta water holder with saucer and stopper. Globular body with rounded base. The shoulders taper into long cylindrical neck, no handle or pouring spout. Surface is undecorated except for two rings at base of neck. This is the larger of the two. 0431a stopper; 0431b vessel; 0431c saucerNone foundbendigo pottery, city of greater bendigo tourism, george guthrie

Collection of indexes - Business advertisements St Patrick's Annual Sports 1934; White Hills Residents 1907-1908; Business Advertisements from Directories 1865, 1872, 1875, 1904, 1907, 1910; Bendigo Chamber of Commerce 1903, 1913, 1920, 1946; TC Watts 1920s photos of house sales; Back Creek Bendigo Cemetery - First Year Burials; Wills administered by Sandhurst Trustees; 1842-1866 277 Mining Deaths from Inquet records for Sandhurst; The Bendigonian Annual 1910. Compiled by Carol Holsworth. Collection is in plastic pockets, contained in a white A4 three ring binder. Fourteen plastic pockets in total. st patrick's annual sports, bendigo businesses, white hills residents, bendigo chamber of commerce, house sales, t.c.watts, back creek cemetery, sandhurst trustees, mining deaths, the bendigonian

Sepia photograph of Conservatory Building and Gardens with statues, Pall Mall Bendigo. Written on back in pencil 'Conservatory Pall Mall Bendigo'. Inscriptions: on front, below image printed 'Conservatory, Bendigo'. History of object : James Lerk, 2000 'Conservatory gardens, Pall Mall. Venus in the foreground has now been moved to the northern end of the Conservatory building. The cast iron frame of the Conservatory was cast at Brown's Foundry. The building was opened in 1898. Photo c.1910' Photograph Bendigo Advertiser 11.1.2001.buildings, conservatory

Two handwritten extracts from the Bendigo Advertiser 17/6/1910 regarding the inrush of water at the Victoria Quartz Mine. 'When the inrush of water came on Tuesday night, the men had to make a hurried exit from the bottom of the shaft and 4254 ft. plat. The working equipment left below consists of three rock-drilling machines, air-winch, two trucks, about one ton of drills, while rails, air-pipes, etc, below the 3224 ft. plat are not likely to be recovered'. Document from Albert Richardson Collection of mining history.document, gold, drainage problems, new chum drainage association, inrush of water at the victoria quartz, bendigo advertiser 17/6/1910 page 3, ar

Handwritten notes from the Bendigo Advertiser 22/6/1910, listing the mine, Gallons baled, Deepest depth baled from, Total amount Rec'd, ? ? Coy for Financial Year ended 30/6/1908. Mines mentioned are: New Chum Railway, Eureka Ext'd, New Chum Con'd, Lazarus, Garibaldi, Lansells 180, Victoria Quartz, Lansell's 222, New Chum & Vic., Shamrock and New Shenandoah. Note along the side: re - Vict Quartz Inrush Water. Adv. Wed. 22/6/1910. (b) Handwritten notes on the New Chum Drainage Ass'n 1905 - 1908 from the Bendigo Advertiser 22/6/1910. Listed is the Year, Water Raised (Gallons), Total Amount Re?ed and Amount Re? Coys. The New Chum Drainage Ass'n was formed in 1901 and practically ceased to exist in 1908. Victoria Quartz at time of inrush of water on Tuesday night, the shaft had reached a depth of 4,614 feet. Water has since risen in the shaft to above 4,154 ft plat & the large workings at 4,254 feet, and 4,154 feet have also been t filled. As there are no reef workings from 4,154 to 3,424 feet the water will no doubt rise rapidly until that level is reached. Document from Albert Richardson Collection of mining history.document, gold, drainage problems, new chum drainage association, drainage 1905 - 1908, bendigo advertiser 22/6/1910, victoria quartz, new chum railway, eureka ext'd, new chum con'd, lazarus, garibaldi, lansell's 180, lansell's 222. mew chum & vic, shamrock, new shenandoah

Handwritten notes from the Bendigo Advertiser 5/7/1910 Page 3. 'New Chum Mines. Yesterday, Mr H. V. Whetelaw, officer in charge of the local survey branch, Mines Dep't accompanied by Inspector Ross, made their first inspection. Water has reached the 3224 ft. level. Now 1530 feet of water in shaft, including the workings below the 3324 ft. level. Bailing been carried on at the Victoria Quartz, Lansell's 180, 222, and New Chum Consolidated. It will take a week or more to get the Lazarus plant in readiness. Then the shaft will have to examined. At Lansell's 222, the water is 18 ft. below the No 18 level, New Chum Consolidated - 18 ft. below, the 1910 ft. Plat.' Bendigo Advertiser- New Chum Mines - 5/7/1910 Page 3. Document from Albert Richardson Collection of mining history.gold, drainage problems, new chum drainage association, victoria quartz drainage problems, bendigo advertiser 5/7/1910 page 3, mr h v whitelaw, mines dept, inspector ross, victoria quartz, lansell's 180, 222, new chum consolidated, lazarus, albert richardson

Handwritten extracts from the Bendigo Advertiser 17/8/1910 Col. 2. Extract mentions Bailing Operations - A Week's Progress. Water at the Victoria Quartz lowered 139 ft for the week. Bailing carried out at Lansell's 180, Lazarus, New Chum Consolidated and New Chum Railway Mines. Cost of bailing about 200 pound per week and the Government is contributing half. The balance is being found from the Victoria Quartz, Victoria Consols, Ironbark, Hercules and Energetic and Lansell's Estate. Expenditure over 6 weeks has amounted to over 1200 pounds. ''Mr McBride, Minister for Mines,said work was to be continued for the present at all events. Mr Merrin, Chief Inspector of Mines, said the Dept's aim was to keep the whole of contributing mines on the New Chum line unwatered, and also to enable the Victoria Quartz to go on with its sinking. It was not however intended to introduce a pumping system for the present.''document, gold, drainage problems, drainage problems, bendigo advertiser 17/8/1910 page 3 col 2, victoria quartz, lansell's 180, lazarus, new chum consolidated, new chum railway, victoria consols, ironbark, hercules and energetic, lansell's estate, mr mcbride, mr merrin, new chum line

Handwritten copy of a report in the Bendigo Advertiser 12/7/1910 Page 2. New Chum Mines. Progress of Bailing Operations. The bailing operations at the New Chum mines have not yet had the desired effect of lowering the water. On the contrary the water continues to rise in the Victoria Quartz which is the mine most directly affected. It is expected that the necessary preparations at the Lazarus will be completed today when it is hoped that bailing will be commenced at that mine. The success of the bailing scheme will largely depend on the efforts of the Lazarus to cope with the water and the progress made during the next few days will be awaited with interest. It is generally believed that the great volume of water is coming north from the southern group of mines. The companies south of the New Chum Consolidated are not bailing, and the pumping service at the New Chum Railway which is installed down to the 550 ft. level has not been operated since that company abandoned work a few months ago. A perusal of the statistics of the New Chum Drainage Association shows that the pumps at the New Chum Railway were lifting on anaverage close on 1,000,000 galls of water per month in the winter. That great volume of water is now pouring from storage dams at 550 feet to the deep levels, and in the natural order of things will have to be lifted by the tanking system in vogue at the mines N.' Document from Albert Richardson Collection of mining history.document, gold, drainage problems, new chum drainage association, victoria quartz influx of water, bendigo advertiser 12/7/1910 page 2, victoria quartz, lazarus, new chum consolidated, new chum railway, new chum drainage association

Thomas Jefferson Connelly (1858-18/10/1892) Son of Thomas James Connelly a well known JP at Inglewood. Admitted as a solicitor in the Supreme Court in 1880. Started own business as a solicitor in 1883 at Albion Chambers, View Street. By 1887 he had joined with George Henry Tatchell and in 1889 they moved their firm to Williamson Street. On 8th Jan 1885 he was elected to the Bendigo Council and was elected as Mayor 16th Aug 1887. He was the first Bendigo born Mayor and the youngest. He served on the committee of the Bendigo hospital and the Mechanics Institute and was a prominent member of the ANA. He was also a Captain of a local militia force. He married Frances Cresswell Reynolds and they had 3 children who were very young when they were left fatherless in 1892. Thomas died in Kerang, following an epileptic fit. He was attending a case at the time. He is buried at the Bendigo Public Cemetery. George Henry Tatchell was the son of Thomas Tatchell JP of Inglewood. He was admitted as an attorney by the Supreme Court in 1887 and formed a partnership with Thomas Jefferson Connelly 22/9/1887. By 1894, their practice had been joined by Adam George Dunlop. In 1904 he was elected president of the Bendigo Bar Association. George was a very bowler and was part of an Australian team that travelled to Britain in 1930, where he won the Veteran Pairs Competition competing with his brother William. He retired to “Woodford”, Toorak. Adam George Dunlop (1864 – 28/2/1921) Son of Andrew McBride Dunlop. He married Marion Ethel Nicholls, a widow in 1905. Admitted as a solicitor, proctor and conveyancer in 1892. When Thomas Connelly died, his will stated that his share in the law firm was to be sold and if it was sold to Dunlop, he would have 3 years to pay for. This clearly happened and by 1894 the firm was known as Connelly, Tatchell and Dunlop.He continued to work for the firm Tatchell, Dunlop, Smalley and Balmer for 25 years and retired several months before his death, to “Milltara”, Glyndon Ave., Brighton. He was heavily involved in the Sandhurst Mechanics Institute and served as president in 1899 and 1901. He was treasurer of the Zenith Lodge of Masons in 1907. He was president of the ANA in 1896 and president of the Bendigo Law Association in 1907. Whilst in Bendigo, the family lived in “Millewa”, Kangaroo Flat. Jonathon Smalley (1873-21/8/1961) Son of Peter, a mining investor and his wife Ellen. 1899 married Catherine Horsemann Manning with whom he had four children. Jonathon proved proficient in sign language when he stepped into a court case where the defendant was hearing impaired. In 1904 he was the president of the Eaglehawk Mechanics Institute. Other community postings included Vice President of Bendigo Football Association (1909), President Bendigo ANA (1899), Councilor for Eaglehawk Borough (1904- ), elected Mayor of Eaglehawk (1909),and President of Bendigo Law Association (1910). Jonathon and his wife resided at “Overton”, View Street, Bendigo (now Harry Little Childcare Centre). Jonathon was a champion Lawn bowler, winning the Country Singles Championship in 1913. He is buried at the Bendigo Cemetery. Sydney Raeburn Balmer (1869 – 24/11/1938) Sydney was the son of Robert and Elizabeth Balmer. He married Catherine HAswell McDonald in 1905 and they later lived in Lily Street, Bendigo. After qualifying as a barrister and solicitor, he was initially employed as a barrister for Mr Cussen (later a judge) for 2 years. He then spent 9 years working in Melbourne before joining the firm to be thenceforth known as Tatchell, Dunlop, Smalley and Balmer from 31sdt Dec. 1909 Black and White newspaper photograph of five Tatchell Brothers attending a cricket match. Undatedsolicitors, justice of the peace, councillors

The Warrnambool Battery on Flagstaff Hill has embankments for 3 guns. Those on the left and right still have cannon in place but in the centre is an empty embankment, apart from this concrete ring with metal threaded studs. In 1898 a 5 inch breech loading gun (BL) was installed here. The gun had a hydro-pneumatic disappearing carriage (hence the sign on the concrete wall "5" BL HP").. This type of gun was faster to load and fire that the 80 pound RML’s installed on either side of it. Its arrival spelt the end of the 80 pound RML guns’ useful life, although they continued to be used for practice sessions. The 5 inch BL was the main defensive weapon of the Warrnambool Battery until the Battery was downgraded in importance. It was removed in 1904 and recalled to Melbourne in 1910. The gun emplacement ring is all that remains of the mounting for a 5 inch Armstrong rifled breech loading gun. HISTOR of the WARRNAMBOOL GUNS & CANNON In the years following the Crimean War (1854-1857J) there was a great concern in the Colony that Imperial Russia would attempt an invasion. Coastal defences in the colony of Victoria were greatly strengthened by the Government as a result. Warrnambool was originally protected by cannons at Cannon Hill, approximately 1 kilometer west of the Flagstaff Hill Fortifications. The cannons included two 1866 guns, both 80 Pound Rifled Muzzle Loaders (RML) purchased by Victoria’s Colonial Government. They were part of a shipment of 26 such guns sent from England in December 1866. They are registered as No. 23 (80cwt-2qr-0lbs) - Gun 1, and No.13 (81cwt-1qr-12lbs) - Gun 2. They were cast at the Royal Gun Factory, Woolwich Arsenal, in 1866 and have a 6.3 inch bore. Both barrels carry the Royal Cypher of Queen Victoria, Insignia of the Royal Engineers, within the Garter and Motto surmounted by the Crown, with the Royal Cypher of Queen Victoria within the Garter (letters in centre “VR”, motto “HONI SOIT QUI MAL Y PENSE”, "Shame be to him who thinks evil of it."). The guns were originally supplied with wooden carriages. (The Royal Arsenal at Woolwich, England, was established eleven years after the Restoration of King Charles II. It was the principal supplier of armaments to the British and Empire Governments. At the height of its operations during World War One the factory covered 1300 acres and employed very nearly 80,000 workers. Woolwich was the Headquarters of the Royal Artillery since the raising of that Regiment in 1716. The Arsenal was closed in the late 1960’s.) These two 80pdr cannons were transferred to the Warrnambool Garrison Artillery Battery Fortifications erected at Flagstaff Hill in 1887 as part of Victoria’s Coastal Defences. The original wooden carriages were subsequently replaced with the present iron garrison carriages in 1888. They are a “C” pivot. The ‘racers’ or curved track set into the floor of the gun emplacement (which enabled the guns to be traversed more quickly) are as specified for guns up to 10 inch, being of wrought iron 2.78 inches wide. A temporary third gun, now no longer on Flagstaff Hill’s site, was the 5 inch Rifled Breech Loading (BL) Armstrong gun mounted on an Elswick hydro pneumatic disappearing carriage and installed in this very concrete base or pad. The State of Victoria took over the ownership of the guns at the time of Australian Federation in 1901. In about 1901/1902 the Garrison Battery was converted to the Warrnambool Battery of the Australian Field Artillery (No 4 Field Battery). It was equipped with 4.7 inch naval guns mounted on field carriages. They were now a mobile unit but continued to use the Warrnambool Garrison area at Flagstaff Hill for practice. When the Fortifications were declared obsolete the two 80 Pounder RML were relocated to Cannon Hill in 1910. On the outbreak of World War One the 4.7 inch guns were recalled to Melbourne, and the Battery was disbanded. Most of the personnel probably re-enlisted in the local 4th Australian Light Horse Regiment. The two 80 Pounder RML were moved back to the Fortifications in 1973. They were both fully restored by Army First Year Apprentices at the Ordinance Factory in Bendigo in time for the centenary year of the fortifications in 1987. The guns are capable of firing 80 pound (32.3kg) armour piercing exploding shells 3.65kms out to sea. They were originally manned by volunteers before a paid Garrison was established. Now the Guns are again fired by volunteers on Special Event days. Since restoration the Gun Number 1 had been fired on a regular basis but Gun Number 2 hadn’t been fired since the mid 1990’s. In April 2015 Gun Number 2 was serviced in preparation for the firing of both cannons on the ANZAC Centenary commemorations on April 25th 2015. Other guns from the original Cannon Hill location were obsolete by the time the 1887 Warrnambool Garrison Artillery Battery was built. These guns are (1) a 32 Pounder Muzzle Loading Smooth Bore (SB) cast in 1813 at the famous Carron Foundry, number 80837 and now located in the Warrnambool Botanic Gardens. It is now mounted on a replica carriage due to the original carriage being in a fragile condition (the original carriage stored under cover at Flagstaff Hill). (2) a 68 Pounder Muzzle Loading Smooth Bore cast in 1861 at the equally august Low Moor Foundry, number 10310 and now located on the lawn area at the entrance to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village. It is still mounted on its original wooden garrison carriage. Its wooden slide compressor mechanism is fragile and now kept in Flagstaff Hill’s storage. There are only seven 32 Pounder SB made by Carron and fifteen 68 Pounder SB made at Low Moor known to exist in the State of Victoria [references; Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village interpretation boards, information sheets and other documents; South Western Victoria Guns and Cannon report, May 2008, ref W/F/08] The Gun embankment is contained within the heritage listed Lady Bay Lighthouse Comples, on the Victorian Heritage Register VHR H1520. The gun emplacement base is evidence of the last defences installed on this stretch of coastline. The Warrnambool Garrison has been added to the Victorian Heritage Register H1250 “for its intact battery and guns, a strong reminder of Victoria’s wealth and determination to protect itself from the perceived threat of invasion in the 1880’s.” The City of Warrnambool is one of several custodians of a collection of artillery pieces of heritage significance at a state, national and international level. These pieces are directly related to the defence of south-west Victoria in the 19th century. The care and preservation come under the Heritage Act 1995. Gun emplacement; the remains of the mounting platform of a temporary third gun installed in 1898 in the centre of the battery. This consists of a circular concrete well or sump surrounded by two rings of mounting bolts, the inner of 10 and the outer of 20. The base once held a 5 inch Armstrong rifled breech loading gun with hydro-pneumatic disappearing. In the centre of the ring on the ground is a keyhole shaped space. The gun was removed in 1904. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, colonial defences, victoria’s coastal defences, warrnambool fortification, warrnambool garrison battery, warrnambool volunteer corps, ordinance, armaments, cannon hill fortifications, flagstaff hill fortifications, 4th australian light horse regiment, garrison gun, 5 inch breech loading gun, emplacement for hydro-pneumatic disappearing carriage, gun emplacement

This 1813 cannon is classified as a carronade, having been made by the Carron Ironworks foundry in Stirling, Scotland in 1813. It is a large calibre, short range, gun mainly used on ships. The carronade model of cannon was first used when introduced into the British Royal Navy in the American War of the Revolution (1775-1883). This cannon was originally a 28pdr, 48cwt, 8ft gun. The date ‘1837’ on the barrel probably indicates the date that the Board of Ordinance accepted the change in size to a 32pdr. It may originally have been a naval gun and the conversion undertaken when it was brought ashore. It is very probably one of the 15 guns that are known to have constituted the defences of Victoria in 1860. This group of 32pdrs was the shorter model of the 4800width and 8ft length cannon and as such are different from the 32pdrs found in NSW. It was originally located on Cannon Hill in Warrnambool when it was the site of the Warrnambool Battery Western Artillery, formed in 1866. It was obsolete by the time of the 1887 fortifications, and was moved from the Warrnambool Fortifications to the Botanic Gardens in 1910, when the Fortifications were declared obsolete. HISTORIC INFORMATION ABOUT THE CANNON IN THE WARRNAMBOOL AREA In the years following the Crimean War (1854-1857J) there was a great concern in the Colony that Imperial Russia would attempt an invasion. Coastal defences in the colony of Victoria were greatly strengthened by the Government as a result. Warrnambool was originally protected by cannons at Cannon Hill, approximately 1 kilometer west of the Flagstaff Hill Fortifications. The cannons included two 1866 guns, both 80 Pound Rifled Muzzle Loaders (RML) purchased by Victoria’s Colonial Government. They were part of a shipment of 26 such guns sent from England in December 1866. They are registered as No. 23 (80cwt-2qr-0lbs) - Gun 1, and No.13 (81cwt-1qr-12lbs) - Gun 2. They were cast at the Royal Gun Factory, Woolwich Arsenal, in 1866 and have a 6.3 inch bore. Both barrels carry the Royal Cypher of Queen Victoria, Insignia of the Royal Engineers, within the Garter and Motto surmounted by the Crown, with the Royal Cypher of Queen Victoria within the Garter (letters in centre “VR”, motto “HONI SOIT QUI MAL Y PENSE”, "Shame be to him who thinks evil of it."). The guns were originally supplied with wooden carriages. (The Royal Arsenal at Woolwich, England, was established eleven years after the Restoration of King Charles II. It was the principal supplier of armaments to the British and Empire Governments. At the height of its operations during World War One the factory covered 1300 acres and employed very nearly 80,000 workers. Woolwich was the Headquarters of the Royal Artillery since the raising of that Regiment in 1716. The Arsenal was closed in the late 1960’s.) The two 80pdr cannons were transferred to the Warrnambool Garrison Artillery Battery Fortifications erected at Flagstaff Hill in 1887 as part of Victoria’s Coastal Defences. The original wooden carriages were subsequently replaced with the present iron garrison carriages in 1888. They are a “C” pivot. The ‘racers’ or curved track set into the floor of the gun emplacement (which enabled the guns to be traversed more quickly) are as specified for guns up to 10 inch, being of wrought iron 2.78 inches wide. A temporary third gun, now no longer on Flagstaff Hill’s site, was a 5 inch Rifled Breech Loading (BL) Armstrong gun mounted on an Elswick hydro pneumatic disappearing carriage It was faster to load and fire than the 80 pound RMLs and its arrival spelt the end of the older 80 pound guns’ useful life, apart from being used for practice sessions. The 5 inch BL gun was the main defensive weapon of the Warrnambool Battery until the Battery was downgraded in importance and the gun was recalled to Melbourne in 1910. The gun emplacement still remains in place set between the 2 80pdr cannon. The State of Victoria took over the ownership of the guns at the time of Australian Federation in 1901. In about 1901/1902 the Garrison Battery was converted to the Warrnambool Battery of the Australian Field Artillery (No 4 Field Battery). It was equipped with 4.7 inch naval guns mounted on field carriages. They were now a mobile unit but continued to use the Warrnambool Garrison area at Flagstaff Hill for practice. When the Fortifications were declared obsolete the two 80 Pounder RML were relocated to Cannon Hill in 1910. On the outbreak of World War 1 the 4.7 inch guns were recalled to Melbourne, and the Battery was disbanded. Most of the personnel probably re-enlisted in the local 4th Australian Light Horse Regiment. The two 80 Pounder RML were moved back to the Fortifications in 1973. They were both fully restored by Army First Year Apprentices at the Ordinance Factory in Bendigo in time for the centenary year of the fortifications in 1987. The guns are capable of firing 80 pound (32.3kg) armour piercing exploding shells 3.65kms out to sea. They were original manned by volunteers before a paid Garrison was established. Now the Guns are again fired by volunteers on Special Event days. Since restoration the Gun Number 1 had been fired on a regular basis but Gun Number 2 hadn’t been fired since the mid 1990’s. In April 2015 Gun Number 2 was serviced in preparation for the firing of both cannons on the ANZAC Centenary commemorations on April 25th 2015. Other guns from the original Cannon Hill location were obsolete by the time the 1887 Warrnambool Garrison Artillery Battery was built. These guns are (1) a 32 Pounder Muzzle Loading Smooth Bore (SB) cast in 1813 at the famous Carron Foundry, number 80837 and now located in the Warrnambool Botanic Gardens. It is now mounted on a replica carriage due to the original carriage being in a fragile condition (the original carriage stored under cover at Flagstaff Hill). (2) a 68 Pounder Muzzle Loading Smooth Bore cast in 1861 at the equally august Low Moor Foundry, number 10310 and now located on the lawn area at the entrance to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village. It is still mounted on its original wooden garrison carriage. Its wooden slide compressor mechanism is fragile and now kept in Flagstaff Hill’s storage. There are only seven 32 Pounder SB made by Carron and fifteen 68 Pounder SB made at Low Moor known to exist in the State of Victoria Plaque attached to the carriage “This replica carriage was constructed by the Warrnambool Tritan Woodworkers club in conjunction with the generosity of local businesses and the Warrnambool community. The original carriage (circa 1860) was removed for restoration and is now located at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village. The timber used for the replica carriage is Monterey Cypress, which was an early planting in the gardens. 2010 marked the centenary of the cannon’s relocation in the Warrnambool Botanic Gardens.” (Reference; Victorian Guns and Cannons, South Western Victoria Assessment, May 2008, item W/B/01; Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village datasheets and archives). There are only seven 32 Pounder SB made by Carron known to exist in the State of Victoria and this is one of them. On a world level, this cannon represents a high level of rarity. Further, as it has been modified (bored up) it is representative of the historical process of amending artillery in order to ensure a longer usefulness of each piece despite rapidly advancing artillery technology. The number of surviving carriages with traversing slides in this group in South Western Victoria is unique in Australia and probably in the World. Out of 10 such platforms surviving in Australia, the South Western Victorian group has half. Several survive around the world but probably not in such a large group. The wooden sliding compressor mechanism belonging to this cannon is extremely rare, and the only one in this South Western Victorian group of Guns and Cannons. As a whole, this cannon has undergone very little restoration or modification, giving it a high level of integrity. The City of Warrnambool is one of several custodians of a collection of artillery pieces of heritage significance at a state, national and international level. These pieces are directly related to the defence of south-west Victoria in the 19th century. The care and preservation come under the Heritage Act 1995. (Reference; Victorian Guns and Cannons, South Western Victoria Assessment, May 2008).Cannon, or carronade, 32pdr with wheels. Muzzle loading smooth bore (SB) cannon. Cannon has original wooden Burmese Teak carriage and slide with wrought iron fittings and iron wheels. Manufactured by Carron in Scotland, in 1813. It has been converted from a 28pdr. There is a loop for a rope on the cascabel, which was part of the original casting. Re-bored in 1837. Marks include Serial Number, Royal Cypher of King George III, broad arrow of proofing, and numbers to represent the weight. NOTE: The cannon is displayed in the Warrnambool Botanic Gardens and is mounted on a replica wooden carriage; the original wooden carriage is now stored under cover at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village. This carriage has 4 wheels on swivel attachments and a central gear that allows the wheels to turn on rails. Pressed into left trunnion “80837 / CARRON / 1813”, cast on barrel“symbol (Royal Cypher of King George III”, “symbol (broad arrow of proofing)” and numbers “45-3-24 / 1837” . Cascable “CV” and marks with gradations from nought to three in quarters on each side, On the carriage the end of one of the main slide members carries the mark “W symbol (broad arrow) D” incised into the timber. Plaque attached to the carriage by the Warrnambool Tritan Woodworkers club, 2010, marking the centenary of the cannon’s relocation in the Warrnambool Botanic Gardens and the addition of the replica carriage. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, victoria’s coastal defences, warrnambool fortification, warrnambool garrison battery, ordinance, armaments, cannon hill fortifications, victorian colonial government, carron ironwroks foundary, 32pdr smooth bore cannon, 28pdr smooth bore cannon, 1813 cannon, carronade

In 1909 the Australian Army Headquarters realized that mapping in Australia was either non existent or inadequate for Military use. It was requested that Australia borrow Survey personnel from the UK Royal Engineers (RE) for a two-year detachment. On 11 April 1910 four RE NCOs arrived in Melbourne comprising CPL J Lynch, and LCPLs AH Barrett, EF Davies and R Wilcox. LCPL Barrett had 12yrs experience with RE. They were aiming at producing eight map sheets per year covering about 7,000 square miles (18,000 square Km) This map sheet of the Newcastle area was produced using plane table methods and was surveyed and hand drawn by LCPL A Barrett Oct - Nov 2010. It was unique because it was now produced on an accurate gridded base and included contouring. Lynch and Davies transferred to the Royal Australian Engineers (RAE) whilst Barrett and Wilcox returned to the UK in June 1913. Barrett returned to Australia in 1915 and also enlisted in the RAE and served until 1919.A gridded Map of Newcastle NSW area scale four inches to one mile with 25 feet interval contouring. Coloured hand drawn map produced in 1910. Signed by " A Barrett LCPL Royal Engineers"royal australian survey corps, rasvy, fortuna, army svy regt, army survey regiment

Map extract showing the towns of Cheddar, Rodney Stoke, Westbury and a smaller town of Easton. The area depicted is part of Somerset, England. Map is hand drawn by J.J. Raisbeck date unknown. John James RAISBECK was born on 4 July 1880 at Christchurch New Zealand. He served 4 years (Citizen Military Force - CMF) in 9th Australian Light Horse Regiment in Central VIC with the rank 2nd Lieutenant. He was the first Australian appointed to the Survey Section RAE, on 16 April 1910, as a draughtsman which was his civilian profession, with the rank Warrant Officer, honorary 2nd Lieutenant. He was required to resign his commission in the CMF. He supervised the draughting work of the Section in Melbourne and was largely responsible for the mapping standards and specifications set in the production of the Cowes one-inch-to-one-mile military map, which became the enduring Australian standard. He was also responsible for supervising the printing of the maps by the Victorian Government Printer. He was appointed 2nd Lieutenant in the AIF Survey Corps draft on 6 December 1917 (from Melbourne) embarking for England on 22 December 17. He was attached to the Australian Corps Topographic Section in France from 21 April 1918 to 5 March 1919 serving as Second-in-Command and as Officer Commanding. He was promoted Lieutenant 15 October 1918, attending the AIF Survey School, Southampton in 1919, returning to Australia 23 June 1919, before his AIF appointment was terminated 17 July 1919. He went on to serve the Survey Section RAE and Australian Survey Corps, including in the Second World War, having been promoted Captain then Major and Officer Commanding Army Headquarters Cartographic Section until February 1940. He retired after 33 years of service to military survey, and after serving the Corps in two world wars, on 4 July 1943 with the retired rank Lieutenant-Colonel. He was the author of the article ‘A Short History of the Military Survey of Australia, 1907-1936’, published in The Australian Surveyor, Sept 1, 1937Map extract slightly larger than A4. Scale: One Inch to One and a half Mile. 1:31680, 9 x copiesSignature of "J.J. Raisbeck" bottom right-hand cornerroyal australian survey corps, rasvy, fortuna, army survey regiment, army svy regt, asr

John Glass Cramond 1829 and James Dickson 1831-1910 were founders of a large drapery store. Both were Scots and both came separately to Australia in 1852. Cramond initially came for gold but soon opened a store in St Kilda with a post Office attached and he was the first post master there. Dickson was a farmer’s son but became a draper and while he was unsuccessful on the Bendigo diggings and then returned to Melbourne where he met Cramond and soon after they opened a store on Lonsdale Street. They opened their business in Warrnambool in 1855 as a general store with groceries, drapery and ironmongery. Both partners were involved with the community and James Dickson was an original director of the Warrnambool Woollen Mill 1909 and the Warrnambool Cheese and butter factory. He also served on the committee of management of Warrnambool Base Hospital. This case was a wedding gift from James Dickson Jnr to his wife Mary Glass Cramond on the occasion of their wedding. This item has significance on a number of levels. It belonged to a member of one of Warrnambool’s earliest pioneering families and it marks the occasion when the two families of Cramond and Dickson were linked through the marriage of James Dickson jnr and Mary Glass Cramond. The firm played a significant part in the development of the city and traded for nearly 150 years. It therefore has social significance to Warrnambool. The item is well provenance with the case initialed and items within the case monogrammed. The case and its items are aesthetically quite beautiful as well as being typical of travelling or dressing cases of the more well to do, of the time. Mappin & Webb were manufacturers of some standing with the Mappin name appearing in manufacturing as early as 1775.The company has held a royal warrant as silversmiths since 1897 to the present day and as crown jeweler since 2012. Throughout this time, they have manufactured quality items for the luxury market. It provides an insight into the way ladies travelled and the items which they considered essential. This consists of a black leather with leather handle attached with brass fittings. Middle opening with side pocket on one side with metal catches. Inside has removable sections for holding the numerous containers and items belonging to the case. Interior of the case is dark blue satin. The items contained within the case are as follows: 321.1 Luggage case 321.2 Glass bottle rectangular, silver monogrammed lid, empty. 321.3 Tall round glass bottle, silver monogrammed lid, empty. 321.4 Small glass bottle with pink powder, silver monogrammed lid. 321.5 Small multi sided bottle with stopper and brass hinged lid. 321.6 Tall round bottle with silver monogrammed lid. 321.7 Tall thin multi sided bottle with brass lid. 321.8 Cream coloured monogrammed jar cotton wool inside. 321.9 Clothes brush rectangular cream back. 321.10.1Glove stretcher bone coloured .10.2 Case black leather. 321.11.1 hair comb cream with silver edge .11.2 Case black leather 321.12 Hair brush cream handle 321.13Spatula cream monogrammed 321.14 Mirror, silver round with handle. 321.15 Writing compendium .1 Case black leather .2 Pen with nib .3 Lead pencil .4 Navy satin covered blotting book 321.16 Inkwell glass bottle in small black leather case. 321.17 Match striker in leather case. 321.18 Mirror in black leather case rectangular 321.19 Small case for visiting cards. 321.20Sewing kit rectangular, contains threads and needles pkts x 3 321.21Container, small, hinged tortoise shell patterned. 321.22.1 Manicure set .2 Scissors small .3 Scissors large .4Corkscrew with Mother of pearl handle .5 Pocket knife with Mother of pearl handle .6Tweezers with Mother of pearl handle .7 File with Mother of pearl handle .8 Fine hook Mother of pearl handle .9 Bodkin .10 Bodkin 321.23 Hairbrush oval silver backed 321.24 Mirror silver handled hand mirror. 321.25 Hairbrush wooden handled with Mother of pearl inlay. 321.26 Cylinder, silver with removable lid and small phial of iodine labelled Felton’s pocket iodine. 321.27 Phial small glass with gold decorations. 321.28 Inhaler with insert 321.29 Thimble, metal. 321.30 Silver backed hair brush 321.31 silver backed clothes brushEngraved on side pocket: M.G.D. Mappin and Webb Sheffield and London. Some of the items are monogrammed as per the list above. A number of the glass bottles have lids hallmarked Mappin & Webb London and Sheffield makers stamped inside lid with hall marks history of warrnambool, cramond and dickson, mary glass cramond, dressing bag, woman's toiletry bag 1880