This photograph was taken during an air-raid drill in the slit trenches. Two black and white photos of Ballarat School of Mines slit trenches in the grounds of the Ballarat School of Mines. Students of the Ballarat Junior Technical School are in the zig zag trenches. Many students wear their school blazers, hats and school bags. Sandbags surround the trenches which were situated near Albert Street, Ballarat.ballarat school of mines, ballarat junior technical school, world war, world war 2, air raid shelter, education, school, emergency shelter, world war two, class

.1) & .2) Troops onboard included 7th Reinforcement to the 5th Battalion AIF. Re G R FREEMAN No 2485 & A MACKAY No 2486. Ref Cat No 3251P for Freeman's service details. Cat No 2058.3P for Mackays service details..1) Photo, original, black & white showing a group of soldiers onboard transport ship Demosthenes on 16.7.1915. .2) Photo, original, black & white showing transport ship Demosthenes with troops lined up on deck on 16.7.1915. .3) Photo, original, black & white showing soldiers in a built up trench system of sandbags. .1) On rear: "Demosthenes 16.7.1915" .2) On rear: "Demosthenes 16.7.1915" .3) "G R FREEMAN Barkly Place Bendigo"photographs, 5th bn, 57th

Denis Gibbons (1937 – 2011) Trained with the Australian Army, before travelling to Vietnam in January 1966, Denis stayed with the 1st Australian Task Force in Nui Dat working as a photographer. For almost five years Gibbons toured with nine Australian infantry battalions, posting compelling war images from within many combat zones before being flown out in late November 1970 after sustaining injuries. The images held within the National Vietnam Veterans Museum make up the Gibbons Collection. A black and white photograph of Operation Capital, Fire Support Base. 'Flinders', a Gunner, covers his ears at 'The Fortress' or 'Sandbag City' as 105mm (Howitzer) gun of 104 Battery fires in support of 4 RAR/NZ (ANZAC) elements operating in the Thua Tich area east of Phuoc tuy Province. (Circa October 1968)photograph, operation capital, fire support base flinders, 105mm howitzer, 104 battery, 4 rar nz, thua tich, phuoc tuy province, gibbons collection catalogue, denis gibbons, photographer, vietnam war, 4 rar/nz (anzac), sandbag city, the fortress

Denis Gibbons (1937 – 2011) Trained with the Australian Army, before travelling to Vietnam in January 1966, Denis stayed with the 1st Australian Task Force in Nui Dat working as a photographer. For almost five years Gibbons toured with nine Australian infantry battalions, posting compelling war images from within many combat zones before being flown out in late November 1970 after sustaining injuries. The images held within the National Vietnam Veterans Museum make up the Gibbons Collection. A black and white photograph of 131st Divisional Locating Battery, 1st Field Regt RAA. Gnr Cahill mans an M60 machine gun while his number two is at the ready with his SLR rifle, in one of the units' sandbagged bunkers, in the battery location on top of Nui Dat Hill, 1AFT BAse, (circa March 1967)photograph, 131st locating battery, 1st field regt, raa, nui dat, gibbons collection catalogue, gnr cahill, m60 machine gun, slr, nui dat hill, 1 aft base, denis gibbons

Water channel, 2 excavators, worker climbing ladder. Poppet head of a mine in background, Rubber tyred tractor with blade and trencher fitted in creek bed, larger excavator is adjacent to the tractor on the left bank, light posts and wire along the left bank, central gutter has plastic laid for a short distance, Pipe held down with sandbags in centre gutter.Kodakorganisation, industry, gas and fuel

Denis Gibbons (1937 – 2011) Trained with the Australian Army, before travelling to Vietnam in January 1966, Denis stayed with the 1st Australian Task Force in Nui Dat working as a photographer. For almost five years Gibbons toured with nine Australian infantry battalions, posting compelling war images from within many combat zones before being flown out in late November 1970 after sustaining injuries. The images held within the National Vietnam Veterans Museum make up the Gibbons Collection. A black and whitie photograph of a series of South Vietnamese Regional Force heavily sandbagged outposts on Vietnams National Route 23, built around both approaches to a second bridge built by 1st Field Sqn Engineers of the 1st Australian Task Force soldiers had the responsibility for protecting the bridge against NVA/VietCong attack. The Regional Force soldiers living in these outposts normally had their families, wives and children, living with them.photograph, south vietnamese regional force, national route 23, 1st field sqn engineers, 1st atf base, gibbons collection catalogue, regional force soldiers, australian soldiers, nva/vietcong, denis gibbons

From the early 1960s, the Forests Commission had pre-season arrangements in place with local aeroclubs and pilots across regional Victoria. Air observers from FCV districts routinely flew during the summer months in small, fixed-wing aircraft on fire spotting missions and to map fire boundaries. The information was often needed quickly by crews on the ground or in the control centre and these small chutes were used to drop messages and maps from the reconnaissance aircraft on a low pass above a cleared area like a football field. About 3-foot long when fully extended, they had a small pouch secured with a press stud for the map or package. The chutes were made from tough canvas with a small, weighted sandbag at one end and a long yellow streamer tail on the other to help direct its fall and locating it on the ground. Drop chutes were still in common use in the 1990s, but the increased availability of helicopters combined with improved digital data transfer made drop chutes redundant. Simple, but now redundant technologyAerial drop chute"Return to Forests Comm Vic" stenciled on sidebushfire

Item in the Cooper Collection.Hard Cover Book with Dust Cover. Hard cover - cardboard with adhered paper cover, white and black print on front, spine and back. Illustrated with black and white photographs. Front - group of six soldiers standing, with sandbags in the background. Back - soldier in silhouette pouring a cup of tea against background of sea and a ship. Dust cover - paper, print and photographs as above. front and back flaps - white colour print on green background. End papers - grey and black photographs of battle scenes. 154 pages - cut, plain, white colour semi gloss paper. Pictorial book with colour and black and white photographs, maps, posters, postcards and handwritten information.publications, books, ww1, gallipoli, cooper collection

Illustrated book. Front cover has a coloured photograph of two women hanging out laundry (nurses Vung Tau, 1968) Title (yellow ink) subtitle (white ink) and author's name (white ink) are printed over this photo. Title and author's name are printed in dark brown on a light brown background on the spine along with the publisher's mark. The back cover has a summary of the book printed on a light brown background, along with three photographs: a nurse on duty (Diane Lawrence) two women in khaki sitting on sandbags, and a woman in uniform holding a young boy (Terrie Roche with 'Rabbit" the young mascot of the Civic Action Team).non-fiction"Tears on my pillow' describes the nursing experiences of nursing in the Vietnam War using the words, voices and photographs of these Australian servicewomen. These veterans tell tales of femininity interspersed with the reality of the military environment through their stories of trauma, distress, tears and grief that went on for many years, and stories of underwear, fun and the basic things in life.royal australian army nursing corps, vietnam war 1961-1975-medical care, military nursing-vietnam, military nursing-australia

Emerging from the base of Wombat Creek Sutton Spring has two mineral water pumps. The spring is named after the Sutton brothers of Cornwell, who discovered it while looking for alluvial gold along Wombat Creek in the 1850s. By 1900, a trench had been dug to expose the spring, and a pipe had been driven through the spring eye. Sandstone rockwork encircled the trench. On 27 February 1907 the Sutton Mineral Spring Reserve was gazetted. By that time the trench had been enlarged and rendered, and a lean-to shelter had been built over the approach track. In 1927 Wombat Creek was rerouted allowing the land around the spring to be cleared and pipework repaired. Five bores were dug in 1929 and equipped with hand pumps. The bores were all shallower than 9.7 m. An attempt was made to replace one of these bores with a new bore, however it was not possible due to ground instability. These two bores are the oldest of all the mineral springs open to the public. Also in 1929 Council contemplated encouraging private enterprise to establish a ‘hydrobath’ similar to those in Europe, after mineral water had been discovered flowing from several other vents in sandstone and slate strata below the typical level of the creek. However, the option was not enacted although at the time to capture the flow another bore to a depth of 15m was sunk. In 1936 architect P. Scott Williams adopted a similar notion and examined the prospect of establishing a Hydropathic establishment above Sutton Springs, assuming a reliable mineral water supply could be found. That idea also lapsed. In October 1997 the Sutton Spring trench was restored to enable the public to again take mineral water at the spring. The restoration included clearing the sides of the creek and removing willow root growth. In 2002 a major overhaul of the trench and its underground works was undertaken and all plumbing replaced. This involved re-routing the creek through sandbagging, covering the spring eye with geofabric and then concrete. Unfortunately due to ongoing water quality issues, public access to take water from the trench was closed, however the trench can still be viewed.A mineral water spring at Daylesford is surrounded by a drystone wall. mineral water, sutton spring, daylesford, central springs, p. scott williams

The Dunstan Memorial is a minimal form of rough-cut bluestone and sheet granite in memory of Ballarat born soldier, William Dunstan, who served with honour in Gallipoli, WWI. His unit successfully defended a post despite being seriously wounded. He and one mate were the only survivors of the 10 men defending the trench and all were awarded the Victoria Cross. Following the war Dunstan worked as manager and director of the Herald and Weekly Times.The memorial is of historical significance to the people BallaratThis is a minimal form of rough-cut bluestone and sheet granite in memory of Ballarat born soldier who served with honor in Gallipoli. His unit successfully defended a post despite being seriously wounded. He and one mate were the only survivors of the 10 men defending the trench and all were awarded the Victoria Cross. In honour of William Dunstan, VC 1895-1957. William Dunstan was born in Ballarat East and educated at Golden Point State School. Shortly after the outbreak of the First World War, 19 year old Dunstan enlisted in the 7th Battalion, 2nd Brigade, 1st Division of the Australian Imperial Forces. Within 3 weeks he was posted to Gallipoli and was immediately embroiled in the Battle of Lone Pine. Early on the morning of 9th August, 1915, Dunstan and 10 other men were defending a trench captured from the Turks. The enemy launched repeated counter attacks and suffered heavy casualties. Only 3 surviving Australians remained and were rebuilding the blown-up barricade of sandbags when the Turks launched a final vicious assault to regain the trench. Struggling to defend their position, the three Australians resorted to catching the Turkish hand bombs and throwing them back at the enemy or smothering those that landed with Turkish great-coats. Hand bombs killed a 10th defender and wounded both Dunstan and his only remaining companion. Again the Turks were driven back and this time the two wounded Australians were left alone until later relieved and hospitalised. As a result of the intensity of the fighting and the tenacity of the 3 defenders, each was awarded Victoria Crosses for their most conspicuous bravery. Following the war, Dunstan enjoyed a successful career to become the Managing Director of the Herald and Weekly Times. He died in Melbourne aged 62 and is remembered with respect by the citizens of Ballarat.first world war, wwi, william dunstan, conflict, war

This is part of a collection belonging to Sgt, William E. CarrollThis is a copy of a letter written by 815 Cpl William Carroll to his Aunt while he was hospitalised in Cairo. It is written on YMCA letterhead.Top Left hand Corner: Patron/ YMCA National Council/ H.M. The King/ Patron /Military Camp Dept./ H.R.H. Duke of Connaught. Centre top: For God, For King & For Country/ YMCA Logo/ with the/ Mediterranean Expeditionary Force. (written through the logo)/ Right hand top corner: Committee/ for Egypt/and/the Near East./ Chairman/ H.E. Sir Henry McMahon Lower down page: Reply to No. 815 Coy D Bat 21st/ Dec 31st '16/ Stationed at/ Dear Aunt,/ I am at present a patient in the (??)/ General Hospital, Egypt, back again at Cairo. I/have a slight abcess on my lip and my neck was a/ bit swollen, but both are almost right now./ It's quite a relief to be away from the shot &/ shell, for a spell & to enjoy comfort and sunshine/ again after four months hardships in the trenches./ During the latter part of my stay at ANZAC, it/ was intensely cold, snow & ice galore & freezing/ cold winds. It's five days since I left the pen/insular; we were taken off in a small steamer/ to Lemnos & put aboard a fine hospital ship./ We arrived at Alexandria yesterday morning/ & came on here last night. My lip has been/ lanced & the swelling is disappearing fast./ I had many miraculuous escapes in the trench./ Once whilst observing over the sandbags a barage/ ventilated my hat. On another occasion when/ I was stiring the porridge a piece of shrapnel/ knocked over our breakfast into the fire. So I have/ a lot to be thankful for to be sure./Many of my comrades have gone and are buried in the/ churchyard in Shrapnell gully & more are away sick/ and wounded. I intended to cable to you for some money but I think I'll be able to make do/ of it, & we have all our wants attended to here./ Do you remembr Willy O'Leary of Mansfield?- He/ was killed near us in an attack some time ago./ Young Sgt. Roberts, my chum of Dookie & Broadmeadows/ was also sniped a few days before I left./ The war doesn't appear to be going too well, but/ I am sure time will tell, & we will eventually/ give the Germans a good belting. Just address/ my letters as usual, as I don't think I'll be here/ for long & if I am my mates will send them/ on. I gave them permission to keep any parcel/ you might forward on whilst I am away. It was/ awfully good of you to send the other thing along./ Hoping all are quite well./ I am/ Your Affectionate Nephew/ William E. Carroll. Cpl/ww1, battalion, aif, 815, sgt, carroll, e, 21st, 6th, brigade, 1st, dcm, wiiliam

world war 1, anzac, ww1, soldiers, australian, uniform, back, duty, camp

world war 1, anzac, ww1, soldiers, australian, uniform, back, camp

Photographic printworld war i, ww1, australian imperial forces, anzac, trenches, sandbags, dugout, shelter