Ernest Heinrich Marcuse was born on the 1st of December 1900 to Hedwig and Siegmund Marcuse in Berlin Germany. While Marcuse's artistic talent was apparent from a younger age, his earliest existing artwork was from when he was approximately 20 years old. Ernest's formal art training commenced in 1918 with a three year course at the Berlin school of Interior design. After completion he found work until 1924 when Germany's Great Depression took effect. To broaden his career opportunities he undertook a further 12 months study of fashion, drawing and advertising at Berlin's Reiman school of art. From 1925 to 1934 Ernest was primarily a freelance press artist specialising in industrial, architectural and figurative drawing. Prominent newspaper The Berliner Morgenpost was his largest client along with Gross Deutsche Rundfunaustellung (Germany's organisation for major trade shows). During this period he would create many significant works. Two months after Hitler and the Nazi part came to power in 1933, Ernest received a life changing letter stating that being Jewish he could no longer continue employment in Germany. Up until 1938 he would only be able to undertake private commissions and occasional unofficial work as a book illustrator and games designer. This was by arrangement with non Jewish artists who claimed his work as their own, they would then share the income with Ernest. With increasing unrest in Germany during late 1938 Ernest decided to move to London and there he married his girlfriend Lotte. In late 1939 Ernest and Lotte Marcuse embarked on an eight week journey to their new home in Australia where they had been accepted as refugees. Shortly after arriving in Australia Ernest presented his portfolio to an editor at the Argus newspaper and gained employment as a war events illustrator. He soon became well respected and known in particular for his detailed illustrations and cross sections of ships , artillery and aircrafts. His detailed depictions of battles were displayed on the front pages of The Argus newspaper on a number of occasions. In May 1940 as the war intensified Ernest was dismissed from The Argus newspaper due to his Australian government classification of 'stateless person of enemy origin' and was considered a potential security risk. The editor of the time commented "don't blame us, blame Hitler". Marcuse then began to establish himself as a commercial artist. Ernest was de-classified as a 'stateless person of enemy origin' and in early 1942. The Australian army heard of Ernest's artistic abilities and began to utilize his designs for visual training aids and posters. Ernest became Private E.H Marcuse V377746, his first army posting was as staff artist at The infantry officer's training school at Bonegilla. When off duty he was inspired by the beauty of the surrounding area creating the works in North east Victoria 'Kiewa river bridge', 'Hume weir', ' Dried up river bed' and 'Hawksview gold reef mine' from his 1942-1943 period at Bonegilla Victoria. Ernest returned to the area to create drawings and paintings from 1948 to 1983 in locations including Bright, Wandilligong, Bogong High plains and Wallace's Hut, Mt Buffalo, Beechworth, Pretty valley, Kiewa Hydro, Yackandandah and Bontherambo homestead. These sketches were often completed on location, photographs were also taken onsite to assist the works back at the studio. Occasionally Marcuse also painted in the field. Ernest's preferred choice of medium was pencil and ink. Up until 1952 he would often incorporate watercolour into his work. Later into his career he began introducing pastels, acrylic and mixed media. In earlier years Ernest Marcuse often signed his work Mar, later on the signing of works ranged from Marcuse, E.Marcuse, Ernest Marcuse, EHM or simply EM . If a work was considered incomplete or Marcuse did not like the work it would remain unsigned. From Bonegilla Marcuse was transferred to Woodside South Australia before his final posting in Melbourne until the end of 1945. Ernest's work from within his army posting 'Troop Train at Night' from his 1945 exhibition Australia at War are part of the permanent collection at Canberra's War Museum. Between 1946 and 1969 Ernest largely worked from home and concentrated on a career as a freelance commercial artist and graphic designer. During that time he created work for well known household names including CRA/Conzinc, Vacuum oil (Caltex), Cottee's Brand (Schweppes and Heinz), Home Beautiful magazine Fulton garden supplies, International Iveco trucks, Ego pharmaceuticals, QV and Sunsense. After retirement Ernest concentrated on his true love of fine art and focused on painting images of personal interest both across Australia and Internationally. Earnest never drove a car. He would often walk or use public transport or enlist in the help of family or artist friends to drive him. Throughout his career Ernest Marcuse's artworks were purchase by private collectors these included ACTU, Melbourne City council, Holland Constructions, Melbourne Metropolitan Tramways Board, GJ Coles and Australian Resources Bank. Ernest Marcuse permanent collections can be viewed at The National Gallery of Victoria , Sydney Jewish Museum, Jewish Holocaust Centre Melbourne, Canberra's War Museum, City of Melbourne, Shire of Yarra ranges and now the Burke Museum. © 2020 Art by Marcuse https://www.artbymarcuse.com.au/aboutDonated to the Burke Museum through the Australian Government's Cultural Gifts Program by Peter and Evelyn MarcusePen and coloured pencil landscape drawing on paper.Obverse: MILLS / DISPENSARY / MARCUSE 83 / YACKANDANDAH Reverse: Y 12 / ernest marcuse, marcuse, art, artbymarcuse, beechworth, burke museum, indigo shire, landscape, illustration, drawing, pen and pencil, australian army, war events illustrator, the age, the sun, the argus, germany, refugee, industrial drawing, architectual drawing, figure drawing, berliner morgenpost, grosse deutsche rundfunaustellung, berlin’s reiman school of art., cultural gifts program, yackandandah

Kancoona School is at Kancoona/Running Creek which runs off the Kiewa Valley Highway. In the 1960s small communities had their own school.The students and families were part of the Kiewa Valley. Social history of small schools and education.Photos of 1. Kancoona Primary School (School Number 3576) students in 1967 2. Names of 1967 students in photo and Teacher Alan Crilly 1963-1967 3. Kancoona P.S. 4. House in Mt BeautyStudent photo has names of students written on the back and school photo has dates for head teacher.1960skancoona, running creek, kancoona primary school

Schools of this era were very proud of their identity. This was particularly so in country based ones. Schools in isolated or semi isolated regions provided social cohesion and pride and community involvement that was not so inherent in schools located in larger cities. The exception here being the Greater Public Schools. Mrs Beverly Johnson nee Davis designed the school badge.This badge was worn by a local girl, who has the spirit shown by many pupils from the Mount Beauty High School that the identity of belonging to a Kiewa Valley High School is a treasured part of life for them in this regional area. Mount Beauty High School badge made of brass. The front is coloured enamel depicting a scene of sky, mountains, grass and river. It is surrounded on four sides by the words Excelsior, Mount Beauty, High, School. The outside edges are decorated with gold colored fernsExcelsior, School, Mount Beauty, High On flip side K. G. Luke Melb.school badge, hat, lapel badge, high school memorabilia, brass badge

Pg. 33 Crawford and Connelly's mail coaches station to change horses and provide 'free bag' mail service x3 weekly to Kiewa, Tangambalanga, Bungoona (Huon). All photos are published in the Kiewa Valley Book "A History of the Kiewa Valley' by Esther Temple and David LloydHistorical photos of the Kiewa ValleyBlack and white photos, varying sizes, published in KVHS history book. In order of appearance: 1. Generic photo of 'Aboriginal Man' Page 9 2. Crawford and Connelly, Royal Mail Coach. pg. 29 3. Early postcard of Kiewa - trees, road, homes pg 76 4. George Le Fevre and School Bus pg 77 5. Kergunyah Creamery pg 80 6. Gundowring Homestead: Built by Charles Barber, pgs 82,83 7. Bogong Hotel 1925 pg 103,104 8. The Junction September 1940 pg 119 9. Mt Beauty pg 119royal mail coach, kiewa, school bus, kergunyah creamery, gundowring homestead, charles barber, bogong hotel 1925, junction camp bogong, mt beauty 1950

Tawonga School No. 2282 was opened on 27th July 1880. From 1881 to 1894 the school was worked half time with School No. 2551 Mullindolingong School.Tawonga State school educated the children who lived in the Kiewa Valley. The clothing worn by the students indicates the period that the photo was taken and compares with current school uniforms / clothing.Black and white photo of 26 pupils and 3 teachers standing outside the school. The children are dressed in warm clothes some with hats, some girls with white collars on their dresses, the boys with long shorts and 2 children at the front are bare footed. This photo is published on pages 105 and 108 of 'A History of the Kiewa Valley' by Esther Temple and David Lloyd On the back in ink "Tawonga Schooltawonga school, education, mullindolingong school

Schuss was advertised as Victoria’s Official Ski Journal It was issued monthly from 1935 to 1961 except during the war when summer issues covered two months. This continued after the war, but it averaged 10 issues annually over its 25 year life. Schuss was published by the Ski Club of Victoria which had a membership of 38 Ski Clubs and demanded to be recognised as the prime authority on skiing in the state. The other 30 ski clubs with 85% of the members disagreed and the politics of skiing became heated. These clubs formed the Federation of Victorian Ski Clubs with their own journal, Ski Horizon. With the establishment of the Victorian Ski Association, Ski-Horizon published its last issue in Nov - Dec. 1955 and the role of the official journal was fully taken over by “Schuss”. This item is significant because it contains stories, images and information documenting the development of the ski facilities at Falls Creek.The journal includes stories and events chronicling developments in Victoria and internationally. The cover features a view of Mount Bogong across the Kiewa Valley in a photo taken by C. Bottomley. On page 115 - 115, R D McNabb & F Griffith reported on a variety of Falls Creek Highlights. Page 117 included an advertisement for Snow Crystal Inn. page 130 announced that Austrian Ski Instructor, Siegfried Haberzetti would be teaching at Falls Creek Ski School. A short article on page 134 mentions key contributors to the development of skiing at Falls Creek. It also mentions Cecil Dobson and Ory Frueauf and the introduction of their power sled transport service.schuss journal, ory freauf, cecil dobson, siegfried haberzettl, fred griffith

The town of Tawonga is in the Kiewa Valley surrounded by farmland. It is adjacent to Mt Beauty (built from 1946), an SECV town built for the workers on the Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme which was being constructed from 1911 to 1961. Tawonga consisted of essential amenities including a store, school, Butter factory, sporting facilities, post office, hall and hotel. Activities involved sport, social get togethers eg. dances, fund raising, CWA etc.The posters are a collection of historical photos, documentation and information regarding the history of the town of Tawonga, which is the centre of a farming community in the Kiewa Valley. Posters framed with thin black plastic strip, covered by glass. Each one has a title re 'Tawonga Remembers' and includes print and photos. 1. Tawonga Bowling Club 1953 includes 5 B&W photos on black background. 2. Bogong Hotel 4 B&W photos on black background. 3. Bogong Hotel 1970s - 2011 3 B&W photos and 3 coloured photos on black background 4. Tawonga Butter Factory 3 B&W photos on sepia background. 5. Tawonga Store 2 B&W photos on black background. 6. Post Office 3 B&W photos and 1 coloured photo on sepia background. 7. Debutante Balls held in the Hall 2 B&W photos on sepia background.tawonga, photos of early tawonga, kiewa valley, tawonga remembers

Record of Tawonga Public School 1980 Centenary Celebrations. State School: 2282. Ref. Vision and Realisation Volume 3 Page 972 Education at Tawonga in the Kiewa Valley since 1880Folder including coloured photos, newspaper articles, correspondence, program. The folder cover is tornTitle: Tawonga School Centenary 1980tawonga primary school, school centenary

Mongan's Bridge opened on 1st March 1902. By 1906 there were 20 students. In 1907 the school worked half time with Upper Gundowring School. It continued to struggle with numbers until it became full time in January 1919, closed in September in 1923. It reopened in 1932 closed 1940, reopened in 1943 and closed 1964. Ref. Vision and Realisation Volume 3 Page Page 1006Mongan's Bridge was a small school in the Kiewa Valley. The school struggled to stay open due to the number of enrolments, and at one stage, due to the condition of the building. The clothes of the students and the dates that it opened may assist in dating the photo.Black and white photo of 14 people with blackboard indicating it is Mongan's Bridge School. The photo is mounted on cardboard. The students and teacher names are written on the back.On the Back: S. Baker's address written on the bottom left-hand corner.mongan's bridge school, school photo

The Tawonga South Tennis Club commenced in 1946 and was situated on the last property on the riverside before the Tawonga South bridge where there was also a kiosk. Tennis was very popular in the Kiewa Valley with the influx of players available from the Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme. In the Bogong-Tawonga Tennis Association there were three Bogong teams - Cope, McKay and Beauty with the other teams from Tawonga called Wanderers, Rovers, Pines and South Tawonga. Reported in the SEC magazine, Oct--Nov. 1946 Page 45:- "The membership now totals eighty, and both Bogong courts are in continuous use during week-ends and in the evenings and early mornings." There were clubs & teams in Bogong, Mt Beauty and Tawonga. This trophy indicates that there was a tennis association at Tawonga South in 1950. In 1945 the Tawonga South school was set up to serve the children of the State Electricity Commission of Victoria employees. The school was extended from one room to two in 1955 to avoid congestion. This would indicate that the population would have been sufficient for a tennis club as well. In the SEC Magazine 1946 Page 45:- "South Tawonga Tennis Club has arranged social functions to raise funds, and working bees are busy on the erection of a tennis court. The president is Mr. N. Piera, the secretary Mr. H. Wilson and the treasurer Mrs. W. Griffiths.Tarnished metal trophy with cup and two, extending above the cup, handles either side. The cup is raised by a decorated stem which is attached to a brown plastic hexagonal base. Tawonga South Tennis / Association 1950 / Donated by G.T.Kennedytennis. tawonga south. g.t. kennedy. kiewa valley. sport. club