Showing 450 items matching "stainless steel"
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Federation University Historical Collection
Object, Auto Engine Humidifier, c1930
... Brass unit and flexible tubing, stainless steel adjustment... and flexible tubing, stainless steel adjustment knob and copper coated ...Brass unit and flexible tubing, stainless steel adjustment knob and copper coated spiral cover of control cable. Two spare fittings and two description cards. Decarbonizes the engine, sends a constant stream of moisture to the engine.Patented and patents pending in USA and foreign countries. VIX Vapor humidifier, Wheaton, ILL, USAengine humidifier, walter g. critchlow, vix vapour humidifier, vix vapor humidifier -
Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists (RANZCOG)
Sims-type uterine dilator used by Box Hill Hospital labour ward
... stainless steel with matte steel handles. Upper surface inscribed..., lower blade, bridge, and wingnut. Blades are polished stainless ...Used for probing a woman's uterus through the cervix, to measure the length and direction of the cervical canal and uterus. Dilators are primarily used to open and dilate the cervix to gain access to the uterine cavity but can also be used as sounds. This device was included with other obstetric instruments, mostly destructive instruments, given to RANZCOG from Box Hill Hospital labour ward in February- March 1998. The maternity service at Box Hill Hospital combined with St George's Hospital in Kew to be known as Birralee Maternity Service. These instruments were collected by Julie Collette, Unit Manager, St George's Kew and given to RANZCOG Museum Curator, Susan Barnett.Three bladed Sims uterine dilator, consisting of upper blade, lower blade, bridge, and wingnut. Blades are polished stainless steel with matte steel handles. Upper surface inscribed, (trademark) MADE IN GERMANY INOXIDABLE", "21"."21"box hill hospital -
Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists (RANZCOG)
Cheatle sterilisation forceps used by Dr Lorna Lloyd-Green, Allen & Hanburys, England
... Set of stainless steel forceps with screw joint. The upper... pouches. Forceps Allen & Hanburys Ltd England 99 Set of stainless ...These forceps are most commonly used for placing and removing instruments within a sterilization container. They were mainly used to remove smaller articles from gas and, later, steam sterilisers. Larger items, such as dressing trays, large bowls, and jugs, were removed with the larger Harrison's forceps. Cheatle forceps are also sometimes used as a type of dental forcep, to remove hot sterile instruments from the autoclave and place them into sterile pouches.Set of stainless steel forceps with screw joint. The upper blade has a curved 'beak' point, and the lower blade has a square tip. Inner aspect of upper blade is inscribed 'Allen & Hanburys Ltd England 99'Allen & Hanburys Ltd England 99forceps -
Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists (RANZCOG)
Barnes-type obstetrical forceps with Simpson style handles, c. 1849-1962, J. Grey & Son, Sheffield, U.K
... Set of obstetric forceps. Consists of a set of stainless... of obstetric forceps. Consists of a set of stainless steel blades ...Neville Barnes obstetric forceps have a cephalic and pelvic curve and are used for delivery of babies presenting as occipitoanterior. The left blade is put on first, followed by the right blade – the baby is then pulled down until the occiput is under the symphysis, then pulled around. This particular set of Barnes forceps is unusual because it has handles/grips associated with Simpson type obstetrical forceps, making it a combination of styles. These forceps are similar in appearance to a style of 19th century forceps known as Hensoldt's forceps, made by Jetter and Scheerer, c. 1899. These are pictured as Fig. 771 in the Sir Kenardatth Das catalogue (see references). J. Gray & Son, Sheffield, were in operation from 1849 to 1962, so these forceps date from this time period.Set of obstetric forceps. Consists of a set of stainless steel blades, with black bakelite hand grip attachment. Forceps are engraved with the text 'J.GREY & SON" and "SHEFFIELD". The number '4' is engraved on the inner aspect of the blade, at the join point.'J.GREY & SON/SHEFFIELD'obstetric delivery -
Alfred Hospital Nurses League - Nursing History Collection
Functional object - monel metal female urinal, K.G.Luke
... to base, engraved - PARAMOUNT/STAINLESS STEEL/K.G.LUKE/63, WARD 4... and sticky label blue ink to base, engraved - PARAMOUNT/STAINLESS ...used by nursing staff to assist women to void when bed riddenan essential item in providing care to non ambulant womenSilver coloured metal female urine collector, funnel shaped neck with rolled metal opening, bulbous collecting chamber with flat base, curved handle to upper surface176-024 black texta on base and sticky label blue ink to base, engraved - PARAMOUNT/STAINLESS STEEL/K.G.LUKE/63, WARD 4/AH engraved to superior surfacemonel metal, female urinal, k.g.luke, nursing care, alfred hospital, alfred hospital nurses league, ward 4 -
Dandenong/Cranbourne RSL Sub Branch
Decorative object - Dinner Gong, 1940's
... Brass dinner gong suspended on a stainless steel kangaroo... on a stainless steel kangaroo and boomerang. Side pillars are made ...Base of this dinner gong is made from a name plate off a steam engine that was found in the Northern Territory. The two ends supporting the gong are made of either anti tank of anti aircraft bullets that are soldered into salt and pepper shakers that were acquired from a Chinese 'Joss House' in the Northern Territory. The kangaroo and boomerang were copied from an Australian penny.Brass dinner gong suspended on a stainless steel kangaroo and boomerang. Side pillars are made with brass bullets standing on brass salt and pepper shakers. Also includes brass gavel. Trench art made by VX19808 William CurtisAustralian Commonwealth Military Forces rising sun badge on front of gong.trench art -
Frankston RSL Sub Branch
Matchbox Cover, 1946; Post WW2
... Rectangular stainless steel matchbox cover, with matches... are the words P.O.W. CHANGI MALAYA. Rectangular stainless steel matchbox ...Rectangular stainless steel matchbox cover, with matches. It is engraved on its three sides. It was presented to W.H. Dolamore, VX7638 who was a P.O.W. in Changi, Malaya. He was with 8th Division, 2/10th Royal Australian Engineers, Australian Infantry Forces.On the front is an etching of a scroll with the inscription 8th Div, 2/10F, W.H.DOLAMORE VX 27638, RAE, AIF. onthe back is the Rotary International symbol and on the side are the words P.O.W. CHANGI MALAYA.8th, aif, changi, w h, cover, matchbox, dolamore, p o w, division, 2 10th, rae -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Tool - PITTOCK COLLECTION: STAINLESS RAZOR BLADES
... packaging for Democrat stainless steel razor blades (packet of five... for Democrat stainless steel razor blades (packet of five); six blades ...Pittock Collection ; Stainless razor blades Original packaging for Democrat stainless steel razor blades (packet of five); six blades within the packet. One additional angled blade. Items stored in coach builder's box, reference 13000.1. -
Beechworth RSL Sub-Branch
Disc Identification Personal incomplete
... One round 35 mm diameter stainless steel identity (part... 35 mm diameter stainless steel identity (part of ID disc ...Part of the ID tags worn by LAC Kelly whilst on service with the RAAFThis tag was worn by LAC J Kelly whilst on service with RAAF in WWIIOne round 35 mm diameter stainless steel identity (part of ID disc and chain - one disc and chain missing) The disc bears the owner's Service Number/ name / religion /service / O4 blood group in light etching159390 / KELLY. J / PRES / RAAFid disc -
Orbost & District Historical Society
syringes, First half 20th century
... Three glass syringes of different sizes. All have stainless... syringes of different sizes. All have stainless steel collars ...This veterinary equipment was found in a walk-through dairy at Wombat Track, Orbost. They were identified by vet, Peter Honey, (9.1.2015) as medical instruments improvised for veterinary use pre 1960's.These items are representative of items used in Orbost on dairy farms in the first half of 20th century.Three glass syringes of different sizes. All have stainless steel collars. No needles are attached. 2399.1 is the largest and is calibrated 2-20ml with EVERETT on the side. 2399.2 is calibrated 1-10cc. 2399. is calibrated 1-2cc , also 10-40ml 2399.1 : EVERETT, British made 200 C 2399.3: BRITISH MADEsyringes-everett veterinary-equipment dairy farming -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Instrument - Surgical Instrument, early 20th century
... . E.N.T. nasal snare or nasal septum, forceps, stainless steel... septum, forceps, stainless steel, scissor action, spoon shaped ...This surgical instrument, known as a nasal septum, was donated to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village by the family of Doctor William Roy Angus, Surgeon and Oculist. It is part of the “W.R. Angus Collection” that includes historical medical equipment, surgical instruments and material once belonging to Dr Edward Ryan and Dr Thomas Francis Ryan, (both of Nhill, Victoria) as well as Dr Angus’ own belongings. The Collection’s history spans the medical practices of the two Doctors Ryan, from 1885-1926 plus that of Dr Angus, up until 1969. Dr Angus and his family moved to Warrnambool in 1939 and purchased 'Birdwood in Koroit Street (now the location of the Police Station and ALDI), the previous home and medical practice of Dr John Henderson. Dr Angus was appointed on a part-time base as the Port Medical Officer in Warrnambool and held this position until the 1940s, when the position was no longer required. He was also a surgeon at the Warrnambool Base Hospital 1939-1942.This surgical instrument is significant for its connection with Dr W.R. Angus of Warrnambool. The W.R. Angus Collection is significant for still being located at the site it is connected with, Doctor Angus being the last Port Medical Officer in Warrnambool. The collection of medical instruments and other equipment is culturally significant, being an historical example of medicine, administration, household equipment and clothing from late 19th to mid-20th century. Dr Angus assisted Dr Tom Ryan, a pioneer in the use of X-rays and in ocular surgery. Surgical instrument, part of the W.R. Angus Collection. E.N.T. nasal snare or nasal septum, forceps, stainless steel, scissor action, spoon shaped blades. One handle is textured, other has finger hook on side. Made by Matrick of London.Stamped inscriptions "MATRICK" and "30" is stamped 4 times on instrumentflagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, dr w r angus, surgical instrument, warrnambool base hospital, medical treatment, medical history, nasal septum, forceps, matrick, london, william roy angus, port medical officer, birdwood, e.n.t., nasal snare -
Glenelg Shire Council Cultural Collection
Functional object - Fishing Lure, c. 1970
... Fishing lure, stainless steel. Small oval red plastic tag... Fishing lure, stainless steel. Small oval red plastic tag at base ...Fishing lure, stainless steel. Small oval red plastic tag at base of 3 barbed hook. Butterfly shaped spinner, centre section painted red with black spots. Underside of spinner has 'BOLO ½OZ Les Davis' engraved.recreation, fishing, sport -
Port Melbourne Historical & Preservation Society
Certificate - Trademark, George and Ernest Rodd, 1930s - 1990s
... to sinks and larger industrial stainless steel products. Rodd... to sinks and larger industrial stainless steel products. Rodd ...Trademark certificate for George Rodd and Ernest Rodd. Myttons was an engineering firm with premises in South Melbourne and Port Melbourne. They made objects as diverse as cutlery sets to sinks and larger industrial stainless steel products. Rodd was one brand of cutlery produced.industry - manufacturing, social activities, societies clubs unions and other organisations, sport - australian rules football, myttons ltd, rodd cutlery, allbrite cutlery, dev mytton, grosvernor cutlery, built environment - industrial, reginald h mytton, eric g redwood, colin mackay, l f harrison, l w (wal) johnson, russell flack, john donaldson, lance powell, horrie farrow, syd svensson, tom fahey, tommy lahiff, arthur steele, jean hopkins, dennis mackinley, lorraine robertson, douglas robertson -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Functional object - Round tramway ground indicator roadway stud, BB SW Stainless
... Stainless steel object round shape with a machine punched.... signs tramways drivers stud markings Instructions Stainless ...Used by Melbourne tramways to assist tram drivers in driving through critical areas, such as providing clearance marks at turnouts, cross-overs, and stopping points. See item 1188 for a guidebook. Demonstrates the method of providing road marking systems to drivers.Stainless steel object round shape with a machine punched and formed prong to enable it to be placed and secured into the ground. Item has been used and has bitumen road materials attached to it. Has the stamp of BBSW stainless manufacturers stamp and patent number.signs, tramways, drivers, stud markings, instructions -
Glenelg Shire Council Cultural Collection
Functional object - Veterinary Syringe, 1900s
... Stainless steel syringe. The syringe has three circular...: 0 2 4 6 8 10 Stainless steel syringe. The syringe has three ...This syringe would have been used by a vet to administer drugs and medicines to animals.The Glenelg Shire has a strong farming industry and community. Vets were and still are invaluable to the community. This was donated by a worker at Portland Veterinary ClinicStainless steel syringe. The syringe has three circular rings at the top. Two are attached to the main body of the syringe and the third is attached to the plunger. The plunger has numerical measurements on it. The end of the syringe can be screwed off in order to place in the needle required.Plunger: 0 2 4 6 8 10 rural, agriculture, farming, portland, glenelg shire -
Geoffrey Kaye Museum of Anaesthetic History
Tool - Laryngoscope, Magill, A. Charles King Ltd, 1930
... This piece of equipment is made of stainless steel and has... STAINLESS This piece of equipment is made of stainless steel and has ...Magill laryngoscope with a battery in the handle was one of first of its kind This piece of equipment is made of stainless steel and has a canal on its left side and a handle to put batteries inside of it and it has attached a round screw to make it extendable. This object also has an stamped inscription and on the other side it has the manufacturer details. Stamped A.CHARLES KING.LTD Stamped REG.NO.749019 Stamped STAINLESSmagill, ivan, battery, laryngoscope, surgery, anaesthesia -
Geoffrey Kaye Museum of Anaesthetic History
Equipment - Laryngoscope, Magill, c 1900
... at the arm of the handle back side, STAINLESS STEEL Stamped.... Stamped at the arm of the handle back side, STAINLESS STEEL ...Magill's laryngoscope with open straight blade and flat round speculum and a detachable light bulb connector, the bulb is missing. This laryngoscope is a previous version of the battery use ones conceived around 1920 therefore circa 1900. The design of the handle is similar to the Shipway laryngoscopes with a curved and pointed end and anatomical handle grip. The blade attachment place seems to be an adaptation to this kind of blade which differs from original models. The piece has several scratches and deep hit marks, as well as oxidation spots mostly around the internal canal of the blade. There is presence of resin residues on some surfaces. A visible different kind of metal was used at the blade base attachment place and for the light bulb connector. Engraved on handle its model type and in the arm of the handle a possible manufacturer name (illegible) and the place where it was made.Engraved at the handle, MAGILL'S LARYNGOSCOPE. Stamped at the arm of the handle back side, STAINLESS STEEL Stamped at the arm of the handle front side, A[not understandable text might be Allen & Hanburys Ltd.] / LONDON / JZmagill, ivan, laryngoscope, 1900, resin, shipway, light bulb, magill laryngoscope -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Hypodermic Needles - Veterinary
... stainless steel Hypodermic Needles and the fifth pack has 5.... stainless steel Hypodermic Needles and the fifth pack has 5 ...This medical / hospital equipment was used in the Tawonga District General Hospital which was built in the 1950's specifically for the increase in population due to the Kiewa Hydro Scheme.Historical: Shows the development of scientific hospital equipment. Provenance: Used in the Tawonga District General Hospital which was remote and therefore required good equipment. Good condition and good interpretation capacity.Cardboard box containing 5 packets of Veterinary Hypodermic Needles. Each packet has a detailed blue label on the front in blue writing with 'Veterinary' in red. Four packets contain 12 stainless steel Hypodermic Needles and the fifth pack has 5.Label on big box: Hand written: 'Veterinary / Luer - Record / Hypodermic / Needles / Size .../ E.V.Needles. Small packets: 'New "Solila" / Veterinary / Hypodermic Needles / Made in Australia / This box contains 12 / G 18 "V" 3 quarters"'/ Leur (followed by address)veterinary hypodermic needles, leur, medical, solila, tawonga district hospital -
Clunes Museum
Instrument - GRAMOPHONE, SAVANNA
... BRAND STAINLESS STEEL NEEDLES, MEDIUM SIZE... WITH BAKELITE END .3 PACKET OF BATMAN BRAND STAINLESS STEEL NEEDLES ....1 SAVANA BRAND GRAMOPHONE IN BLACK CASE WITH STEEL CLIPS CONTAINS TURNTABLE COVERED WITH BROWN FELT, PLAYS RECORDS AT 78RPM .2 METAL WINDE-HANDLE WITH BAKELITE END .3 PACKET OF BATMAN BRAND STAINLESS STEEL NEEDLES, MEDIUM SIZEsavana, gramophone, musical instrument -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Domestic object - Kitchen Utensils, 1962
... . Stainless steel implements. 1. Carving Fork 2. Egg lifter 3. Large.... Stainless steel implements. 1. Carving Fork 2. Egg lifter 3. Large ...Utensils given to donor as a wedding present in 1962. Used by her until 2012.Set of seven kitchen utensils. Brown timber handles. Stainless steel implements. 1. Carving Fork 2. Egg lifter 3. Large serving spoon 4. Soup ladle 5. Potato masher 6. Lifter 7. Slotted spoon'Prestige'domestic items, food preparation -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - BENDIGO BUTTER FACTORY : DISPLAY NOTES
... are weighed and graded for quality and then tipped into stainless... and then tipped into stainless steel receiving vats. Document BENDIGO ...Explanatory notes for a display of photographs of the Bendigo Butter Factory. Date given on the calendar in the photograph is March 1957. These notes, mounted on cardboard relate to the photograph 11011.25. The notes as written - After unloading, the cans are weighed and graded for quality and then tipped into stainless steel receiving vats.bendigo, industry, bendigo butter factory. -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Functional object - Iron - Hoover Steam, C. 1960
... body and stainless steel sole where the steam is ejected..., stating heat degrees. Chrome body and stainless steel sole where ...'Hoover' Steam and Dry Iron made in Great Britain.|Bakelite handle with circular dial beneath, stating heat degrees. Chrome body and stainless steel sole where the steam is ejected. On top of the bakelite handle is an on/off button in the area where the water is put in.Hooves Steam and Dry - 240V 1000W|Model 0114 R40979domestic items, irons -
Clunes Museum
Domestic object - GRAMOPHONE
... BRAND STAINLESS STEEL NEEDLES MEDIUM 5120... PACKET OF BATMAN BRAND STAINLESS STEEL NEEDLES MEDIUM 5120 ....1 SAVANA BRAND GRAMOPHONE IN BLACK CASE WITH STEEL CLIPS. CONTAINS TURNTABLE COVERED IN BROWN FELT. PLAYS RECORDS AT 78 RPM .2 METAL WINDER/HANDLE WITH BAKELITE END .3 PACKET OF BATMAN BRAND STAINLESS STEEL NEEDLES MEDIUM 5120music, gramophone -
Puffing Billy Railway
Cheetham Salt Hopper Truck No12
... . Later new stainless steel hopper trucks were used at the works. ... on the exterior of the wagon. Later new stainless steel hopper trucks were ...Trucks of this type were built to carry salt from the saltpans of Cheetham Salt Company works, at Laverton, Moolap and Geelong. Made from wood and steel, it was found that the wood would not erode as much as steel from the salt and this is the reason these vehicles have metal on the exterior of the wagon. Later new stainless steel hopper trucks were used at the works. Historic - Industrial narrow Gauge railway - Cheetham Salt Company at Laverton, Moolap and Geelong.Two Cheetham Salt Hopper Trucks Gauge 2'0" Made from Wood & Steel No. 12 on metal frame of one of the Cheetham Salt Hopper truck A second hopper truck is not numbered.puffing billy, industrial narrow gauge railway, cheetham salt company, gauge 2' 0", salt -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Typewriter - Manual, c1966
... are stainless steel. The keyboard slopes up to the top which... is done manually. The keys that hit the paper are stainless steel ...Typewriters pre dated computers. This typewriter was possibly used in an office or at home. It was used with an inked tape which may have been only black or had both red and black ink along it. Multiple copies of the material being typed were done using carbon paper inserted between sheets of paper. The original paper was easily identified.Used in the Kiewa Valley.Small grey metal typewriter with deep green key board with gold letters on top.The margin rod is marked in inches and it has keys for pounds, dollars and cents, inches and fractions. The loading of A4 paper is done manually. The keys that hit the paper are stainless steel. The keyboard slopes up to the top which is partially hollow with a gap that exposes the stainless steel keys. The cylinder is at the top and at the back with control knobs on each side. This typewriter has 2 sheets of paper with carbon paper between them to demonstrate how copies were made (but there isn't an inked tape in it so the copies aren't authentic)Centre front: "Royal" Letters of the alphabet on the keys. Centre bottom back: "Royal" and below on a plate: "Built in the British Empire / Protected by American / and Foreign Patents"office. typewriter. royal. carbon paper. decimal currency. office equipment. writing. -
Bendigo Military Museum
Equipment - FLYING INSTRUMENTS, AIR NAVIGATION
... seventeen brass, stainless steel and plastic air navigation..., stainless steel and plastic air navigation instruments. The box ...Flying instruments used by Flight Lieutenant Ian A. Lyons. Part of the Flight Lieutenant Ian A. 'Joe' Lyons MBE Collection. See Catalogue No. 5374P for his service record.Rectangular padded and sectioned wooden box containing seventeen brass, stainless steel and plastic air navigation instruments. The box is covered in black leatherette and hinged with small brass hinges. A silver coloured clasp secures the box closed. A metal plate is pinned to the middle of the lid.equipment, flying instruments, air navigation, flight lieutenant ian a. lyons -
Port Melbourne Historical & Preservation Society
Document - Doug ROBERTSON, Myttons, 1930s
... industrial stainless steel products... industrial stainless steel products Document Doug ROBERTSON, Myttons ...Doug ROBERTSON began as an office boy at Myttons. 1938 navy photo. Newspaper articles about his survival. Myttons was an engineering firm with premises in South Melbourne and Port Melbourne. They made objects as diverse as cutlery sets to sinks and larger industrial stainless steel productsindustry - manufacturing, social activities, societies clubs unions and other organisations, sport - australian rules football, myttons ltd, rodd cutlery, allbrite cutlery, dev mytton, grosvernor cutlery, built environment - industrial, reginald h mytton, eric g redwood, colin mackay, l f harrison, l w (wal) johnson, russell flack, john donaldson, lance powell, horrie farrow, syd svensson, tom fahey, tommy lahiff, arthur steele, jean hopkins, dennis mackinley, lorraine robertson, douglas robertson -
Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists (RANZCOG)
Artery forceps used by Dr Lorna Lloyd-Green
... Two pairs of stainless steel straight artery forceps... pairs of stainless steel straight artery forceps. Forcep blades ...These forceps belonged to Dr Lorna Lloyd-Green.Two pairs of stainless steel straight artery forceps. Forcep blades are secured with a screw attachment. One pair of forceps (.1) is inscribed with the number '3' inside both forcep shafts. The second pair (.2) is inscribed with the number '2' inside both forcep shafts.'3' '2'surgery -
Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists (RANZCOG)
Pelvimeter, Thom's
... Thom's pelvimeter,internal, stainless steel. Reefer to Down... pelvimeter,internal, stainless steel. Reefer to Down Bros. catalogue ...Provenance unknown, found in a box with five other pelvimeters, marked "PELVIMETERS ( not accessioned)"in the hand of the previous curator, Melissa Campbell pre 2006.Thom's pelvimeter,internal, stainless steel. Reefer to Down Bros. catalogue 939/4, page 939. Quoted from this source Thom's as used by Whitridge Wuilliams, Obstetrics", pp. 860-906. Thom, "Study of funnel pelvis,"Amereican Journal of Surgery, July 1f915.pelvimetry -
Puffing Billy Railway
Equipment - Victorian Railways Carriage Foot Warmer
... A rectangular-shaped stainless steel casing with a welded... A rectangular-shaped stainless steel casing with a welded seam down ...During prestige, long distance train journeys some carriages had air-conditioning, and the majority of passengers had to brave unheated carriages. To offer some comfort during the winter months, the non-air-conditioned carriages were provided with footwarmers. These were metal containers roughly 100 mm thick and 300 mm wide, and about 750 mm long, which were filled with salt crystals (concentrated crystalline hydrated sodium acetate). The footwarmers were covered by sleeves of thick canvas, and two footwarmers were usually placed in each compartment of non-air-conditioned carriages. To activate the chemicals, the footwarmers were heated almost to boiling point. This was done by removing the canvas sleeves and placing the footwarmers in a large bath of very hot water. After they had been heated, they were removed from the bath and the sleeves refitted. They were then ready to be placed in the carriages. The McLaren patent foot warmer was used on railways in New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria and South Australia as well as South Africa and New Zealand. It was during the 1901 royal visit by the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall that these foot warmers were first used in New Zealand in the royal carriage. Before railway carriage heating was introduced, McLaren patent foot warmers were placed on the floor of New South Wales government railway carriages from 1891 to provide a little passenger comfort. The rectangular steel container worked a bit like a hot water bottle but instead of water contained six and a half kilograms of loosely-packed salt crystals, (concentrated crystalline hydrated sodium acetate). This was permanently sealed inside the container with a soldered cap. After the foot warmer was heated in vat of boiling water for about one and a quarter hours the crystals became a hot liquid. (The melting point for sodium acetate is 58 degrees). There was a whole infrastructure of special furnaces set up at stations for the daily heating of foot warmers. By 1914 the Victorian railways had 4,000 foot warmers in service and by 1935 there were 33 furnaces at principal stations to heat them. After about 10 hours the container was picked up by the handle and given a good vertical shake which helped the cooled liquid reform into a solid mass of hot crystals. Staff or sometimes passengers shook them en route when the foot warmers began to get cold. However, as they were heavy this was only possible by fit and agile passengers. At the end of the journey the containers were boiled again for reuse on the next trip. Sodium acetate railway foot warmers were introduced in Victoria in 1889, Adelaide to Melbourne express in 1899. "Shaking up" on this service took place at Murray Bridge and Stawell on the tip to Melbourne and at Ballarat and Serviceton on the trip to Adelaide. The use of foot warmers began to decline in New South Wales from the 1930s with the first trial of carriage air-conditioning in 1936, steam heating from 1948 ad LP gas heating from 1961. By the early 1960s the main services using foot warmers were the overnight mail trains. info from : http://www.powerhousemuseum.com/collection/database/?irn=67564#ixzz4UBNzVf6t Under Creative Commons License: Attribution Non-Commercial There was a whole infrastructure set up at stations for the daily heating of foot warmers in special furnaces. In Victoria alone in 1935 there were 33 heating works.Historic - Victorian Railways - Carriage Heater - Foot warmerA rectangular-shaped stainless steel casing with a welded seam down the back and welded ends. There is a handle at one end for carrying and shaking. Inside the foot warmer are two baffle plates and three trays to contain the sodium acetate. There was a cast-iron ball in each internal compartment. puffing billy, victorian railways, carriage haeter, foot warmer, passenger comfort, station furnace, railway ephemera, early heating methods