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St Kilda Historical Society
Ephemera - Program, V.I.H.A. Fixtures for 1955, 1955
Victorian Ice Hockey Association fixtures for 1955 at St Moritz Ice Palais, Upper Esplanade St Kilda, and the Glaciarium (also known as the Glaci), City Road South Melbourne. The St. Moritz Ice-skating Palais (its original name) opened in 1939 and operated until 1981. The building was damaged by fire and demolished soon afterwards. The Glaci opened in 1906, at which time it was the 3rd largest indoor ice rink in the world. It hosted the first game of ice hockey played in Australia. It closed in 1957 and the building was destroyed by fire in 1963. Buff coloured card, folded into three, printed in black on both sidesst moritz, glaciarium, ice hockey, victorian ice hockey association -
Montmorency/Eltham RSL Sub Branch
Weapon - Artillery shell for 25 pounder Gun/Howitzer, Artillery Shell, 1954
The Ordnance QF 25-pounder was the major British field gun and howitzer during the Second World War. Many Commonwealth countries used them during WW2 and Australia produced the guns at General Motors Holden. They were renowned for their rapid rate of fire and when firing at maximum range (12,253m -13,400yds) one gun could have up to 5 shells in the air at once. In North Africa during WW2, they were sometimes called upon to act as anti-tank guns. A shortened and lightened version of the gun was made in Australia and used in jungle operations.Steel conical projectile25 PR MK 1 L35 ME 11/54 -
City of Moorabbin Historical Society (Operating the Box Cottage Museum)
Kitchen Equipment, curved sad iron, c1880
Sad-irons or "solid" irons were made by blacksmiths and used to smooth out material by pressing the hot iron over it. A piece of sheet -iron was placed over the kitchen fire and the irons placed on it could be heated whilst remaining clean of ash.. The women used 2 irons - one heating while the other was used. Thick cloth or gloves protected their hands from the hot irons. The handle was removed from the cool iron and re- attached to remove the hot iron from the fire. The cool iron was replaced on the fire or stove to heat again. These irons were cleaned with steel wool to prevent them marking the material. If the iron was too hot the material would scorch. Most homes set aside one day for ironing and some large households had an ironing room with a special stove designed to heat irons. However, most women had to work with a heavy, hot iron close to the fireplace even in summer.The Curtis family were early settlers in Moorabbin Shire c1880 and used sad ironsA small, curved, flat iron, with attached handle, used for cuffs, collars and frillsSILVESTER'S/ PATENT/ SALTERS / No 3 with the pretzel & a arrow going through the centresad iron, kitchen equipment, pioneers, early settlers, market gardeners, sewing, craftwork, clothing, moorabbin, brighton, bentleigh, fireplaces, stoves -
City of Moorabbin Historical Society (Operating the Box Cottage Museum)
Domestic object - Kitchen Equipment, flat iron with trivet stand, c1880
Sad-irons or "solid" irons were made by blacksmiths and used to smooth out material by pressing the hot iron over it. A piece of sheet -iron was placed over the kitchen fire and the irons placed on it could be heated whilst remaining clean of ash.. The women used 2 irons - one heating while the other was used. Thick cloth or gloves protected their hands from the hot irons. The handle was removed from the cool iron and re- attached to remove the hot iron from the fire. The cool iron was replaced on the fire or stove to heat again. These irons were cleaned with steel wool to prevent them marking the material. If the iron was too hot the material would scorch. Most homes set aside one day for ironing and some large households had an ironing room with a special stove designed to heat irons. However, most women had to work with a heavy, hot iron close to the fireplace even in summer. These sad irons remind us of the difficult circumstances experienced in their daily routines by the pioneers and early settlers of Moorabbin Shire The family of Miss M Curtis were early settlers in Moorabbin Shire. A) A heavy cast iron, flat iron with B) horseshoe shaped trivet stand c1880 The trivet can be attached to a table by an adjustable clamp.A) 5 on tip of ironsad iron, kitchen equipment, pioneers, early settlers, market gardeners, sewing, craftwork, clothing, moorabbin, brighton, bentleigh, fireplaces, stoves -
Forests Commission Retired Personnel Association (FCRPA)
FCV Control burning meter, 1970
The Forest Fire Danger Index (FFDI) was originally invented by the grandfather of Australian bushfire science, Alan Grant McArthur, during the 1950s and ‘60s. Alan published his landmark paper, “Controlled burning in eucalypt forests” in 1962. Leaflet No. 80, as it was known, proved a turning point for forest and fire managers across Australia. More importantly, Alan was very practical forester and wanted his work to be useful to people in the field, so after several iterations he came up with the now familiar circular slide rule called the Forest Fire Danger Meter (FFDM). The Mk 4 version first appeared in operational use in 1967. Two Forests Commission staff, Athol Hodgson and Rus Ritchie, built on McArthur’s pioneering work and by applying their own practical experience, developed a modified version in the late 1960s called the Control Burning Meter which was better suited to Victorian forest conditions.Introduced to the FCV in 1970Control burning meterbushfire -
Forests Commission Retired Personnel Association (FCRPA)
Fire Beater - Canvas, c 1930s
Bushfire perimeter rather than bushfire area is the main control problem for firefighters on the ground. A conundrum rapidly compounded by spot fires. A small 5 ha fire can be nearly 1 km around the perimeter. That's a long way to build a control line by hand in rough bush. Dry firefighting techniques by hand were mostly confined to “knocking down” or “beating out” the flames, as well as "digging out". Digging or raking a “mineral earth” trail down to bare dirt proved most effective in forest fuels which, unlike grass, tend to retain heat and smoulder. Early tools were whatever happened to be close at hand. They were simple and primitive and included shovels, slashers, axes, hoes, beaters and rakes. A cut branch to beat the flames was often the only thing available. Farming and logging tools, developed over centuries of manual labour, and readily available at local hardware stores came into use, but little thought was given to size, weight, and balance. This canvas hose beater was based on a century-old design which used lengths of canvas fire hose rivetted together and lashed with wire to a broom handle. The hose was be soaked in water to improve its effectiveness. If the flames were more than a metre or so the user was generally not able to get close enough to extinguish the fire It's recommend that users lift no more than above knee height to conserve energy and let the beater to the work. For years foresters experimented with combination tools. In about 1952 fire beaters and other implements were being replaced with Rakuts and later RakehoesEarly firefighting toolBushfire beater - Canvas with wooden handleR P PWD (Public Works Department) The handle has painted markings which indicate which FCV District it belonged to.bushfire -
Ballarat Fire Brigade
Photograph, around 1881
Shand Mason steam pumper was purchased by the brigade in 1881 and was the first of its kind in Victoria. Picture shows side view of original station and corrugated iron fenceB&W photograph of Shand Mason steam pumper taken beside Ballarat Fire Station in Barkly street. Pumper is being drawn by 2 dark coloured horses. Pumper has 3 firemen and a driver on board. 3 children are standing against the fence in the rear of the picture. Photo is mounted on an brown coloured card with dcorative scrolls. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - GOLDEN SQUARE LAUREL STREET P.S. COLLECTION: LETTER RE RUPERT WILLIAM CARTER
Letters dated 14 May 2004, and 3 August 2004, from Wendy Takos, re father Rupert William Carter, and his brothers Cyril and Allen and sister Nell who attended Golden Square Primary School. William Carter was a Captain of the Fire Brigade and his wife Annie Montgomery lived in Shamrock Street.bendigo, education, golden square primary school -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - HOTEL: AXEDALE, 26/11/1907
Articles on hotels at Axedale- pages from ''A Pub on Every Corner'' (pages 7-10). Reference to the Axedale Hotel (2 1/2 miles from township, near cemetery); Drake's Campaspe Hotel (''Axedale Tavern''); Raglan Hotel; Acotts Hotel; Quarry Hotel. Documentation re destruction by fire of (the?) Axedale Hotel in 1907.axedale, history, axedale hotel, axedale hotel, mrs lucretia hennessey, john hennessy, mr e. j. ni gan, inspector hannon, preserverance hotel, thomas m. greilis, raglan hotel, acotts hotel, drakes campaspe hotel -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - ABATTOIRS JUNIOR FIRE BRIGADE, approx. 1933
colour photo of older photograph. Group of boys marching in uniform carrying banner and flag. Car at back right. Uniform consists of dark jacket, short pants, white belt, white helmet, dark shoes and long socks. Typed on back of photo: ' Abattoirs Junior Fire Brigagde, Bendigo Easter Fair. Approx. 1933'unknownorganization, business, abattoirs junior fire brigade -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - RUEDIN FAMILY WINERY HUNTLY 1890
Black and white photo of the Ruedin family at their winery and vineyard at Huntly, circa 1890, Johanna and Aimie Louis Ruedin are pictured with their four sons. The woman with the youngest son is possibly one of Johanna's sisters, Bertha or Maria Amelia Burstall. The winery and home were destroyed by fire in 1903. Also three pages of typewritten notes on the Ruedin family.person, group, ruedin -
Charlton Golden Grains Museum Inc
Photograph, High St Charlton, Procter's Building c. 1987
Ross's Gifts formerly Ike Richards Gents Hairdresser and Gift Shop. Building built in 1880 as Procter's butcher's shop with upstairs residence. Extended to triple frontage in 1884.Colour photograph showing High St looking west. Two storey building with verandah over footpath and cast iron balcony on 2nd storey. Cars parked along the street. Yellow panel van in front of panel beaters. White car just pulling out. Fire Station at the end of the street. Large tree in centre of photo.ross's gifts, ike richards hairdresser, procter -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Tool - GOLD RETORT
Metal gold retort, it has a two parts circular container attached to crook shaped long handle. A caption reads Mr. G. Humphrey. An amalgam (gold and mercury) is placed inside and fire built around outside. Mercury vaporizes away leaving the gold. Diameter of retort 23 cm. Overall size 37x75 cm.mining, equipment, retort -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - HARRY BIGGS COLLECTION: TRAM
Photograph. Harry Biggs Collection. 1 black & white photo of a tram with 2 men at drivers end. 1 person is standing looking through a window. The other windows have their blinds down. Buildings can be seen behind the tram including a mans public toilet. Sign on top of tram reads 'Briquettes for a Real Fire'.organization, public utility, transport, harry biggs collection, tram -
Anglesea and District Historical Society
Safety Matches, Bryant & May, Estimated: 1st in 1946
Carton (paper) with 12 boxes of Brymay Redhead matches containing 20 matches. The boxes depict the head and left shoulder of a red-headed woman and has had 4 major updates since the Logo's introduction in 1946. "Safety matches" presented fewer health risks than earlier matches and greatly minimizes the risk of accidental fire.Top: BRYMAY Redheads. (1/3). Box: Drawing of head and shoulders of red-headed girl (long hair tied back). Av. contents 60 made in Australia.brymay, redheads -
Nillumbik Shire Council
Clay: Leanne Mooney, Leanne Mooney, Tiles from the Boomerang Studio, 2002
'Tiles from the Boomerang Studio' is a prototype of the work 'Year 2052', created while Mooney was an Artist in Resident at Laughing Waters in the Boomerang studio in 2002. Records of flora were collected in and around the Gordon Ford garden in Laughing Waters Road. The work 'Year 2052' is made up of '77' tiles and was acquired by Geelong (Regional) Art Gallery in 2003. Whilst working at the Boomerang studio, local based artist Mooney noticed that “a battle raged in the bush between non-indigenous plants and indigenous plants”. She also noticed how humans “invade” land, changing the surrounding environment and causing irreversible damage. This work is an interpretation of the fragility and value of Nillumbik’s indigenous flora and of its conflict with introduced species. The title of the work (Year 2052) and look of these ‘fossilised specimens’ asks viewers to cast themselves into the future and to look back at today. “These tiles have been found; an incomplete record of flora collected in and around the Gordon Ford garden in Laughing Waters Road. The tiles appear to have been made at the beginning of the millennium. The viewer is asked to contemplate which species are missing”. Mooney works with collected indigenous items to emphasis the beauty of their natural shapes, while at the same time introducing selected materials of contrast or sympathy. Her work creates a great sense of “stillness and peace, of simplicity and connection with the natural world as well at the vanishing Australian bush.”This work is made up of seven handbuilt earthenware oval/round clay 'tiles' - (eight pieces - with one tile intentionally broken), brown in colour and bisque and blackware fired, giving a matt black ash coating on each of the tiles' surface. Each tile has an imprint of a floral specimen indigenous to the Laughing Waters area in Eltham. Each tile has an imprint of the following specimens: tiles, earthenware, flora, indigenous, bisque, boomerang, ford, laughing waters -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Article, Mitcham siege, 1996
A 12 hour siege in Whitehorse Road solicitors office of Wainwright Ryan. When Peter Morris of Blackburn held up the office with a gun.A 12 hour siege in Whitehorse Road solicitors office of Wainwright Ryan. When Peter Morris of Blackburn held up the office with a gun. S.O.G. officers finally fired capsicum spray and threw tear gas into the upstairs office. John Hoey, solicitor, had escaped earlier and six women, barricaded upstairs, were rescued.A 12 hour siege in Whitehorse Road solicitors office of Wainwright Ryan. When Peter Morris of Blackburn held up the office with a gun.shops, mitcham shopping centre, wainwright ryan, solicitors, hoey, john, morris, peter evan john -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Photograph, Whitehorse Road Mitcham on a Sunday, 2000
Produced as one of a series of 24 prints commissioned by Nunawading & District Historical Society -|Theme: Intersections of Mitcham and Nunawading 2000/2001.|See also Series by P. Simmenauer on the same theme.Black and white photograph - print and negative looking along Whitehorse service Road in Mitcham on a Sunday afternoon - note heavy traffic. Landscaped median strip mainly Australian natives - also angle parking in service road. Vehicles in view: Metropolitan Fire Brigade, tender No. 27; Sedan; 4 wheel drive car; Mitsubishi Sedan.metropolitan fire brigade - tender 27, whitehorse road, mitcham, service roads -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Slide - 27 mm sq slide/s, Lilian Butler, SEC Depot trackwork - Wendouree Parade, Sep. 1971
Yields information about the streetscapes the depot junction area.Colour 27 x 27 mm slide in a Kodachrome cardboard mount of a bogie tram and a single trucker at the SEC depot junction Wendouree Parade with a depot working walking towards the depot. Has the fire alarm box on the left hand side of the photograph. Slide mount date September 1971. Photo from the collection of Lilian Butler.ballarat, tramways, trams, depot, depot junction, sec, wendouree parade -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Photograph - Digital image, John Ward, 31/12/1971 12:00:00 AM
Digital image of the Bendigo 26 in Pall Mall passing the Bendigo Fire Station and the Court House. The tram has the destination of Eaglehawk. Photo by John Ward 31-12-1971 Slide title "004742 311271 71103-G SEC Vic Bogie tram 26 View St near Rowan St Bendigo Vic"trams, tramways, bendigo, pall mall, tram 26 -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Negative, Travis Jeffrey, 5/08/1962 12:00:00 AM
Colour Negative No. N409, of the Bendigo No 11 leaving the Fire Station loop in High St, inbound. Tram has the destination of North Bendigo. Photo taken possibly on 5/8/1962. Colour laser printed copy of image stored in box 73. Original negative hires scan and image updated 28/5/2020.In red pen on folder that contained negative, "NR93B" and "5 Aug 62". On bottom of folder, "SEC Bendigo Colour" - handwritten at time of sorting by WAD. trams, tramways, bendigo, high st, fire station loop, tram 11 -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Photograph - Black & White Photograph/s, mid to late 1950's
Black and white photograph of Bendigo 25, at Eaglehawk terminus with the driver and conductor alongside the tram. Has the Eaglehawk Town Hall in the background. Note the fire training stand on the right hand side of the photograph. Photographer unknown - see history of object. See Keith Kings, The Bendigo Tramways, re the fitting of reflective tape in 1956, page 59.In the rear in ink "Bendigo"trams, tramways, eaglehawk, tram 25 -
Tennis Australia
Print, 11 Feb 1811
Reproduction of engraving with caption: 'REMAINS OF GIBBON'S TENNIS COURT/AS IT APPEARED AFTER THE FIRE/ 17 SEPTEMBER, 1809/ USED IN 1660 AS THE FIRST THEATER OF THE /KING'S COMPANY OF COMEDIANS/UNTIL THE ERECTION OF THE THEATRE ROYAL DRURY LANE;/AND IN 1695, AGAIN OPENED BY/BETTERTON'S COMPANY/WITH THE PLAY 'LOVE FOR LOVE'. Materials: Ink, Paper, Metal, Glass, Cardboardtennis -
Kew Historical Society Inc
Badge - Fundraising Button, Our Day Nation & Honor, 1915-1919
Frances Rigg was a local business identity in Kew, at one stage managing the local branch of the English, Scottish and Australian (ES&A) Bank at 175 High Street from c. 1920 until the 1940s. After Francis Rigg’s death, the collection of buttons and medallions was inherited by his son, Ken Rigg (1922-2014). The collection was subsequently donated to the Kew Historical Society in 2015 by Francis' grandson, Adrian Rigg, at the time of the Gallipoli & Beyond Commemoration in 2015. The collection covers a period of almost 40 years. The majority of the buttons are patriotic buttons, issued and sold during and immediately after the First World World War (1914-1918) to raise funds for national and overseas causes. The collection also includes a number of locally significant sporting event buttons and sporting club medallions, issued in the 1920s and 1930s.Patriotic and other pressed tin buttons and badges were produced in large numbers in the first decades of the twentieth century. By nature, insubstantial and ephemeral, they have not always survived. The collections of badges, buttons and medallions in the Kew Historical Society collection is homogenous and yet diverse, ranging from buttons sold to raise funds for the war efforts in 1914-18 and 1939-45, to those used at festivals and sporting events. Because of the manufacturing process, many surviving buttons and badges have been affected by inadequate storage, suffering from oxidisation and physical damage. These survivors are now historically and socially significant artefacts, revealing much about the attitudes and values of the period in which they were produced. Their widespread distribution means that they are frequently significant at a local, state, national and international level.A First World War button inscribed ‘Our Day Nation & Honour’, and featuring an image of British nurse Edith Louisa Cavell, who died at the hands of a German firing squad in 1915. She became a heroic figure of sacrifice in World War I, and was used to increase military recruitment in Britain and win support for the war in the United States."Our Day / Nation & Honor"patriotic buttons, first world war (1914-18), badges -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Pamphlet, Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB), "Grand Football Match & Band Performance", 1946
Grand Football Match & Band Performance Fire Brigade v Tramways Richmond City Reserve Sunday 14 July 1946 Pamphlet advertising event and Gala Ball at Melbourne Town Hall. Handwritten note with tram times from Swan St & Church St to North Richmond. Note signed "Dist Supt SS"trams, tramways, instructions, football, richmond, swan st, church st -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Photograph, Gibbons, Denis, Fresh Shower
Denis Gibbons (1937 – 2011) Trained with the Australian Army, before travelling to Vietnam in January 1966, Denis stayed with the 1st Australian Task Force in Nui Dat working as a photographer. For almost five years Gibbons toured with nine Australian infantry battalions, posting compelling war images from within many combat zones before being flown out in late November 1970 after sustaining injuries. The images held within the National Vietnam Veterans Museum make up the Gibbons Collection. A black and white photograph of 104 Battery Gunners at 4 RAR/NZ (ANZAC) Fire Support Base 'Betty' enjoying a fresh shower supplied by 1st Australian Task Force Mobile Shower Unit. The showers allowed eight diggers at a time to enjoy the fresh water brought in from Nui Dat. (Circa March 1970).photograph, 104 battery, fire base betty, 1st atf base, mobile shower unit, nui dat, gibbons collection catalogue, denis gibbons, photographer, vietnam war, gunners, 4 rar/nz (anzac) -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Photograph, 31st October 1869
This photograph was taken at the scene of the fire on the LIGHTNING, in Corio Bay, Geelong on 31st October 1869. The American clipper ship LIGHTNING was a 3 masted, fully rigged extreme clipper ship. She was commissioned by James Baines, of the Black Ball Line in Liverpool, England, during the time of the Australian Gold Rush for the trade of passengers and cargo between England and Australia. Her cargo listed early consignments of livestock and animals, including rabbits sent to Thomas Austin of Barwon Park, Winchelsea, Victoria. The LIGHTNING was built in 1854 by shipbuilder Donald McKay, of East Boston, USA. She was described as spacious and comfortable, and one of the smartest ships known. The LIGHTNING set many speed records for her sea crossings, and became one of the most famous of the racing clippers and one of the fastest ever launched. In 1854, with Captain ‘Bully’ Forbes and Mate ‘Bully’ Bragg, LIGHTNING made the return trip from Melbourne to Liverpool in only 64 days, 3 hours and 10 minutes; a record for all time. Captain Enright became the new Master of LIGHTNING soon afterwards. He has been described as one of the finest mariners in the Australian trade. One of Captain Enright’s innovations was to publish a ship’s paper called The Lightning Gazette. (Captain Forbes had left to captain the SCHOMBERG.) In January 1855 Capt. Enright sailed the LIGHTNING from Liverpool with over 700 passengers and returned home carrying gold as her cargo. In 1857, for a very brief time under Capt. Byrne the LIGHTNING was used as a troop ship, taking British officers and soldiers, stores and ammunition, to fight in India. In 1859 she then returned to her run between Liverpool and Melbourne, apart from 1867 when she made a special trip between Melbourne and Port Chalmers in New Zealand. In 1869 the LIGHTNING was sold to Thomas Harrison of Liverpool, and she continued to sail for the Black Ball Line. Master of LIGHTNING, Captain Henry Jones, sailed her to Geelong in October 1869, and whilst docked, he had her loaded with a cargo of wool, copper, wire, tallow and other goods. At about 1am on 31st October 1869, whilst still docked and fully laden, a fire was noticed on the LIGHTNING. Efforts to extinguished the fire were unsuccessful, so she was towed to the shoals in Corio Bay, where she eventually sank, losing all cargo but no lives. The area is now known as Lightning Shoals. The LIGHTNING is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register VHR S415. She is historically significant for being one of the fastest wooden ships ever built, the first clipper built in the USA for British owners and being the worst shipping disaster in Geelong's history. It spent its whole career carrying cargo and immigrants from England to Australia.Black and white photograph of the burning of the clipper Lightning in Corio Bay Geelong, Sunday Oct 31st 1869. Photograph shows the Lightning in the process of burning, smoke billowing above the deck. Another sailing ship, plus several small boats, are in the bay, with a crowd on the pier.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, sailing ship lightning, extreme clipper ship, american clipper ship, record breaking clipper ship, james baines, black ball line, donald mckay shipbuilder, captain ‘bully’ forbes, australian immigration, liverpool to melbourne migration, captain enright, captain byrne, captain henry jones, corio bay geelong, lightning shoals geelong, rabbits introduced to australia, historic photograph of shipwreck lightning, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, clipper lightning, photograph -
Marysville & District Historical Society
Book, Bill Bate, Marysville Ten Years On, 2019
A book of photographs taken to commemorate the ten year anniversary of the 2009 Black Saturday bush fire that destroyed most of Marysville.Front cover has a photograph of a statue of a girl holding a bird that is on the verge of flying.non-fictionA book of photographs taken to commemorate the ten year anniversary of the 2009 Black Saturday bush fire that destroyed most of Marysville.marysville, ten year anniversary, black saturday, bushfire, celebration -
Marysville & District Historical Society
Book, Bill Bate, Marysville Ten Years On, 2019
A book of photographs taken to commemorate the ten year anniversary of the 2009 Black Saturday bush fire that destroyed most of Marysville.Front cover has a photograph of a statue of a girl holding a bird that is on the verge of flying.non-fictionA book of photographs taken to commemorate the ten year anniversary of the 2009 Black Saturday bush fire that destroyed most of Marysville.marysville, ten year anniversary, black saturday, bushfire, celebration -
Montmorency/Eltham RSL Sub Branch
Weapon - Italian 75mm Anti-aircraft Round, 1939
Shell for the Cannone da 75/46 C.A. modello 34. This gun fired a 6.5kg shell to an effective range/height 8,500 metres. Australians encountered these weapons in North Africa from 1941 to 1942. Brass shell with cast iron projectile.S M I 14-6-39 L.7 U.T.A.N FIRENZEworld war two, ww2, second world war, italian, north africa, north africa campaign, cannone da 75/46 c.a. modello 34, 75mm anti-aircraft round