Small silver glove button hook with pattern.buttonhooks, gloves, gibson collection

A book with a red cover and the information on the cover in silver.games and sports, british army

This silver bookmark with a kookaburra motif is stamped Stg Silver on the reverse. A commercial souvenir item as a bookmark from an unknown maker or date but c.1990s.This bookmark is a part of the biggest collection of bookmarks in Australia, these silver bookmarks originally being intended as souvenirs make up the smallest portion of bookmarks in the collection.bookmark, silver, kookaburra, collection

Black and white photographWritten on back of photograph: "Speaker 1983 was Head of Central Plan Office at Silver Jubilee. Bob Spreadborough".

1ST METHODIST MINISTER IN CLUNES 1856. WAS MINISTER AT CRESWICK AND CLUNES INCLUDED WITH CRESWICK.FRAMED PHOTOGRAPH. WOODEN FRAME. PHOTOGRAPH OF REV. J.W. CRISP, 1ST METHODIST MINISTER AT CLUNESSILVER PLAQUE ON FRONT, BOTTOM OF FRAME. "IN MEMORY OF THE REV. J.W. CRISP 1ST METHODIST MINISTER IN CLUNES".methodist, minister

Worn by Martha Edwards of Forest Hill (donors grand mother).1 hat pin with large pearl top|.2 hat pin with small pearl top|.3 hat pin with small pearl top|.4 hat pin with small silver top|.5 hat pin with round silver top| .6 hat pin with round silver top|.7 hat pin with silver top[|.8 hat pin with silver top|.9 green velvet covered jewellery box satin and suede lined. (Total 9)costume accessories, hat accessories

Pressed metal plate with corners trimmed and rounded, top section partly folded with two slotted holes, four with sides folded to give strengthening to the plate, painted with a white background and the letter "M" and numbers painted in red, to give a Run Number Plate for Malvern Depot. Painted with the same detail on either side of the plate. Used by Malvern Depot until they were phased out and replaced with the Automatic Vehicle Monitoring system c1990. Used to identify the depot and "run number" or timetable that the tram was running on, two in each tram, to enable monitoring by inspectors and crews. M74 See Also Reg Item 189 and associated item for other examples of Malvern plates. Strengthening of the plate was the result of damage by crews to the plain sheet type.trams, tramways, mmtb, timetables, buses, trams, inspectors, malvern depot

This Great Britain one shilling coin is dated 1883, which is during the reign of Queen Victoria. There were over 7 million of these coins minted. Queen Victoria succeeded King William IV to the British Throne in 1837 – she was only 18 years old at the time – and she ruled until 1901. British coins such as this one shilling were in circulation in the colony of Australia until 1910, when the Commonwealth of Australia began producing its own coinage. This one shilling coin was minted by the Royal Mint at Royal Mint Court, in Little Tower Hill, London, England. Coins for circulation in the Kingdom of England, Great Britain and most of the British Empire were produced here until the 1960’s when the Royal Mint shifted location to Wales. There are three main groups of shillings produced during Queen Victoria’s reign:- - The Young Head; 1837-1887, in 8 different versions, on the obverse showing the Queen’s maturing face over 50 years. - The Junior Head; 1887-1892, minted when Queen Victoria had been reigning for 50 years. Her head was smaller on the coins minted 1887-1889 than on those shillings minted 1889-1892. - The Old Head; 1893-1901, shows the veiled head of Queen Victoria. The obverse side of the coin’s inscription translation is “Victoria by the Grace of God, Queen of the British territories, Defender of the Faith”. The engraver of the obverse image was William Wyon. The reverse side of the coin is inscribed "ONE SHILLING. The engraver of the reverse image was Jean Baptiste Merlen. AUSTRALIAN CURRENCY The early settlers of Australia brought their own currency with them so a wide variety of coins, tokens and even ‘promissory’ notes (often called IOU’s) were used in the exchange of goods and services. In 1813 40,000 silver Spanish dollars, purchased by the English government, were delivered to Sydney to help resolve the currency problem reported by Governor Macquarie. The coins were converted for use by punching a hole in the centre of the coin. Both the outer ring, called the holey dollar, and the punched out ‘hole’, called the dump, were then used as the official currency. The holey dollars hold the place of being the first distinctively Australian coins. In 1825 the British Government passed the Sterling Silver Currency Act, making the British Pound the only legal form of currency in the Australian colonies. Not enough British currency was imported into the colony so other forms of currency were still used. In the mid 1800’s Australia entered the Gold Rush period when many made their fortunes. Gold was used for trading, often shaped into ingots, stamped with their weight and purity, and one pound tokens. In 1852 the Adelaide Assay Office, without British approval, made Australia’s first gold coin to meet the need for currency in South Australia after the Gold Rush began. In 1855 the official Australian Mint opened in Sydney, operating as a branch of the Royal Mint in London, and the gold was turned into coins called ‘sovereigns’. Other branches also opened in Melbourne and Perth. Up to the time of Australia becoming a federation in 1901 its currency included British copper and silver coins, Australian gold sovereigns, locally minted copper trade tokens, private banknotes, New South Wales and Queensland government treasury notes and Queensland government banknotes. After Federation the Australian government began to overwrite privately issued notes and prepared for the introduction of its own currency. In 1910 a National Australian Currency was formed, based on the British currency of ‘pounds, shillings and pence’ and the first Commonwealth coining was produced. In 1966, on February 14th, Australia changed over to the decimal currency system of dollars and cents. Australia did not have its own currency in the colonial times. Settlers brought money from other countries and they also traded goods such as grain when currency was scarce. For a long time there was no standardised value for the different currencies. In 1825 British currency became the only official currency in the colony of Australia and coins such as this silver shilling were imported into Australia to replace the mixture of foreign currency. Australia became a Federated nation on 1st January 1901. In 1910 National Australian Currency was formed and Australia produced its own currency, based on the British ‘pounds, shillings and pence’. The British currency was no longer valid. This silver shilling is of national significance as it represents the British currency used in Australia from 1825-1910. Coin, Great Britain Shilling, 1883. Silver coin, round. Obverse; Queen Victoria head, ‘Young Head’, looking left. Reverse; crown on top of wreath. Inscriptions on both sides of coin.Obverse “VICTORIA DEI GRATIA BRITANNIAR: REG: F: D :” Reverse “ONE SHILLING, 1883” flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, coin, currency, money, legal tender, australian currency history, royal mint, great britain shilling 1883, queen victoria currency, colonial australia currency, wlliam wyon, jean baptiste merlen, numismatics

This Great Britain one shilling coin is dated 1885, which is during the reign of Queen Victoria. There were over 3 million of these coins minted. Queen Victoria succeeded King William IV to the British Throne in 1837 – she was only 18 years old at the time – and she ruled until 1901. British coins such as this one shilling were in circulation in the colony of Australia until 1910, when the Commonwealth of Australia began producing its own coinage. This one shilling coin was minted by the Royal Mint at Royal Mint Court, in Little Tower Hill, London, England. Coins for circulation in the Kingdom of England, Great Britain and most of the British Empire were produced here until the 1960’s when the Royal Mint shifted location to Wales. There are three main groups of shillings produced during Queen Victoria’s reign:- - The Young Head; 1837-1887, in 8 different versions, on the obverse showing the Queen’s maturing face over 50 years. - The Junior Head; 1887-1892, minted when Queen Victoria had been reigning for 50 years. Her head was smaller on the coins minted 1887-1889 than on those shillings minted 1889-1892. - The Old Head; 1893-1901, shows the veiled head of Queen Victoria. The obverse side of the coin’s inscription translation is “Victoria by the Grace of God, Queen of the British territories, Defender of the Faith”. The engraver of the obverse image was William Wyon. The reverse side of the coin is inscribed "ONE SHILLING. The engraver of the reverse image was Jean Baptiste Merlen. AUSTRALIAN CURRENCY The early settlers of Australia brought their own currency with them so a wide variety of coins, tokens and even ‘promissory’ notes (often called IOU’s) were used in the exchange of goods and services. In 1813 40,000 silver Spanish dollars, purchased by the English government, were delivered to Sydney to help resolve the currency problem reported by Governor Macquarie. The coins were converted for use by punching a hole in the centre of the coin. Both the outer ring, called the holey dollar, and the punched out ‘hole’, called the dump, were then used as the official currency. The holey dollars hold the place of being the first distinctively Australian coins. In 1825 the British Government passed the Sterling Silver Currency Act, making the British Pound the only legal form of currency in the Australian colonies. Not enough British currency was imported into the colony so other forms of currency were still used. In the mid 1800’s Australia entered the Gold Rush period when many made their fortunes. Gold was used for trading, often shaped into ingots, stamped with their weight and purity, and one pound tokens. In 1852 the Adelaide Assay Office, without British approval, made Australia’s first gold coin to meet the need for currency in South Australia after the Gold Rush began. In 1855 the official Australian Mint opened in Sydney, operating as a branch of the Royal Mint in London, and the gold was turned into coins called ‘sovereigns’. Other branches also opened in Melbourne and Perth. Up to the time of Australia becoming a federation in 1901 its currency included British copper and silver coins, Australian gold sovereigns, locally minted copper trade tokens, private banknotes, New South Wales and Queensland government treasury notes and Queensland government banknotes. After Federation the Australian government began to overwrite privately issued notes and prepared for the introduction of its own currency. In 1910 a National Australian Currency was formed, based on the British currency of ‘pounds, shillings and pence’ and the first Commonwealth coining was produced. In 1966, on February 14th, Australia changed over to the decimal currency system of dollars and cents. Australia did not have its own currency in the colonial times. Settlers brought money from other countries and they also traded goods such as grain when currency was scarce. For a long time there was no standardised value for the different currencies. In 1825 British currency became the only official currency in the colony of Australia and coins such as this silver shilling were imported into Australia to replace the mixture of foreign currency. Australia became a Federated nation on 1st January 1901. In 1910 National Australian Currency was formed and Australia produced its own currency, based on the British ‘pounds, shillings and pence’. The British currency was no longer valid. This silver shilling is of national significance as it represents the British currency used in Australia from 1825-1910. Coin, Great Britain Shilling, 1885. Silver coin, round. Obverse; Queen Victoria head, ‘Young Head’, looking left. Reverse; crown on top of wreath. Inscriptions on both sides of coin.Obverse “VICTORIA DEI GRATIA BRITANNIAR : REG : F : D :” Reverse “ONE SHILLING, 1885” flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, coin, currency, money, legal tender, australian currency history, royal mint, great britain shilling 1885, queen victoria currency, colonial australia currency, wlliam wyon, jean baptiste merlen, numismatics

An item forming part of a collection of costumes, photographs and documents relating to the Weir family who lived in a mansion, originally named Illapa, at 84 Princess Street, Kew, from c.1917 to 1950. This historically significant collection includes items relating to both George Weir (1866-1937), his wife Edith Mary Weir (1867-1948) and their children. George Weir attained national prominence in the mining industry, becoming General Manager of the North Broken Hill Silver Mining Company in 1903 (later renamed North Broken Hill Mining Company 1905-12, and North Broken Hill Ltd 1912-1988), and subsequently President of the Mine Owners Association. He was to remain General Manager of North Broken Hill Ltd until his retirement in 1926.This garment is part of a collection of women’s clothing, owned and worn by Edith Mary Weir (nee Betteridge) - born in Clare, South Australia 1867, died Kew 1948 - and also by her daughter. The garments date from the 1880s to the 1930s. The collection includes day dresses, evening dresses, evening coats, capes, and undergarments. As the wife and daughter of a mine manager, the collection includes representative examples of clothing worn by upper middle class Australian women in domestic circumstances, and at social and civic events. A number of the costumes from the 1920s to the 1930s are of a particularly fine quality, being both rare, representative and intact examples of Australian fashion of the period. The garments in the Weir Collection were donated to the Kew Historical Society by a granddaughter of Edith Weir in 2017.Outstanding black silk crepe cocktail dress with extensive use of glittering silver and red metal sequins. The sequins are used on either side of the red ribbon bordered neckline, on the sleeves and on panels of the skirt. The dress incorporates an attached fabric tie at the neck and a separate belt.cocktail dresses, weir collection, fashion - 1920s, edith mary weir (nee betteridge), illapa - 84 princess street - kew (vic.)

These tea warmers were used to keep the teapot warm when it was filled with tea, hence the name. This one was owned and used by Mrs M Larer, New Gisborne "Elderslie" in the 1920's.A silver plated round single burner tea warmer with a removable top grid with five support arms. It has a retractable metal 'wick' operated by turning a small round flat knob attached to the side. This knob is joined to the 'wick' with a long silver rod on the outside of the mechanism so the operator does not burn their fingers. The reservoir has two curved small handles on the side and an ornate filigree style pattern at the top rim. Inside the 'wick' section there is also a small knob with a tiny hole in the top to turn which releases pressure in the reservoir. stamped on the base is 'EPNS A1 London'containers, teapots, teapot warmers, tea accessories, pots

Walter John Howell was born in the Buckland Valley 30.11.1871 he died in Bright 13.05.1930. Walter "Watty" ran his Blacksmith shop opposite the Alpine Hotel (corner of Anderson and Wood sts) from 1893 until his death in 1930. He was also proprietor of the Ovens Valley Coach Factory in Ireland Street, near the site of the present library, for a numberof years before World War 1. From 1893 he resided in Cobden Street (no.37) The medals were for attaching to a watch chain and were presented by his grandsons, Keith Edwards and Ron Howell (both born in Bright) in November 1994 The Medals were presented by the Bright Fire Brigade which has been a local volunteer organisation scince the C1870s The Howell family were one of the first families to settle in the Buckland Valley and many descendants live in the local area Reference to the Ovens Valley Coach WorksQuarto size ridgid card with information regarding the medal hand written in black ink. Two silver medals with inscriptions, one shield shape and the other round with a star in the center, sash and small horse shoe on the top, medals are stitched to the cardboad and taped on the reverse side.Two medals, both silver, one is shield shaped with a fire reel cart inscribed on the front and inscription "B.F.B. ANNIVERSARY 11-5-94 four men won by W. Howell" and number 65. The second one in round with with a star in the center, with a small horse shoe and sash on the top, inscribed on the front, "B.F.B. Anniversary best of eight men W. Howell 11-5-94", the reverse is blank except for a small 69.

Brass rectangular shaped plate with 1 hole in each corner. In raised brass letting is: “WAGON AMBULANCE VI -------- A. & A. 1914 Reg No E49592” Edging all around plate same height as letteringtransport-motor vehicles, medicine - ambulance, wagon

A good example of a finely machined instrument.Heavy oblong bevelled edged metal plate with two rollers and panel secured to the front. Two circular serrated screws at each end of plate. Reverse 8 brass screws 2 revertsPrecision Sydneywarrnambool, swinton, alexander swinton, rolling parallel ruler, rolling ruler.

Book. Large brown hard cover. Title written in gold on front cover and on spine. Manufacturer name also written in gold on spine. Illustrations, plates (black & white). 37 p. + plates.civil engineering, design, roofing, iron and steel

The Dutch are generally content with their Royal family and usually celebrate the birth of a new member of the ruling family. Beatrix was Queen Wilhelmina's first grandchild and destined to succeed the Queen's daughter and her mother Crown Princess Juliana. This is exactly what happened and Beatrix's own eldest child is the current (2018) King Willem Alexander. It was not unusual to present members of the populace with a commemorative item such as this plate.Round plate with orange crown in centre. The crown is surrounded with the inscription Beatrix Wihelmina Armgard 31 Jan.1938. Around that are orange apples and green leaves. The outside of the plate is outlined with an orange border.On the back are the words "Geschonken door de Gemeente Nijmegen ter Gelegenheid van Prinsesjes Geboorte". (Presented by the municipality of Nijmegen on the occasion of the princess' birth).

Grindley trio of cup saucer & plate, brightly coloured floral design with black bands, a note included reads this cup, saucer and plate belonged to Lydia Chancellor ''Taraxville'' Golden Square Vic.W.H.Grindley & Co Ltd Ivory England Reg No 714550domestic equipment, table setting, cups, lydia chancellor collection, collection

Metal plate photographic negative image of two female tennis players and another man and woman all standing on a tennis court. Metal plate fixed to wood block. Materials: Wood, Metaltennis

Nicholas Caire was born on Guernsey in the Channel Islands in 1837. He arrived in Adelaide with his parents in about 1860. In 1867, following photographic journeys in Gippsland, he opened a studio in Adelaide. From 1870 to 1876 he lived and worked in Talbot in Central Victoria. In 1876 he purchased T. F. Chuck's studios in the Royal Arcade Melbourne. In 1885, following the introduction of dry plate photography, he began a series of landscape series, which were commercially successful. As a photographer, he travelled extensively through Victoria, photographing places few of his contemporaries had previously seen. He died in 1918. Reference: Jack Cato, 'Caire, Nicholas John (1837–1918)', Australian Dictionary of Biography.An original, rare photograph from the series 'Views of Victoria: General Series' by the photographer, Nicholas Caire (1837-1918). The series of 60 photographs that comprise the series was issued c. 1876 and reinforced a neo-Romantic view of the Australian landscape to which a growing nationalist movement would respond. Nicholas Caire was active as a photographer in Australia from 1858 until his death in 1918. His vision of the Australian bush and pioneer life had a counterpart in the works of Henry Lawson and other nationalist poets, authors and painters.‘Waterfall scene near the Buchan River’ : Views of Victoria (General Series), No.39 : Albumen silver photograph | Photo on card with Title and Description on reverse | Mounted 24 x 30 cm; Photo 12 x 17 cm.On Reverse: ‘The Buchan River is a tributary of the great Snowy River, which extends itself from Port Ricardo, on the Gipps Land coast, to considerably beyond Mt. Kosciusko, in New South Wales. It is comparatively but a stream, but, like most of the smaller rivers in Victoria, it contains some beautiful scenery, peculiar to itself. Our present illustration is characteristic of its scenery, and is taken from a creek close to the River.’nicholas caire (1837-1918), buchan river, landscape photography - victoria

Nicholas Caire was born on Guernsey in the Channel Islands in 1837. He arrived in Adelaide with his parents in about 1860. In 1867, following photographic journeys in Gippsland, he opened a studio in Adelaide. From 1870 to 1876 he lived and worked in Talbot in Central Victoria. In 1876 he purchased T. F. Chuck's studios in the Royal Arcade Melbourne. In 1885, following the introduction of dry plate photography, he began a series of landscape series, which were commercially successful. As a photographer, he travelled extensively through Victoria, photographing places few of his contemporaries had previously seen. He died in 1918. Reference: Jack Cato, 'Caire, Nicholas John (1837–1918)', Australian Dictionary of Biography.An original, rare photograph from the series 'Views of Victoria: General Series' by the photographer, Nicholas Caire (1837-1918). The 60 photographs that comprise the series were issued c. 1876 and reinforced a neo-Romantic view of the Australian landscape to which a growing nationalist movement would respond. Nicholas Caire was active as a photographer in Australia from 1858 until his death in 1918. His vision of the Australian bush and pioneer life had a counterpart in the works of Henry Lawson and other nationalist poets, authors and painters.Aboriginal Natives of Victoria hop gathering’ : Views of Victoria (General Series) No.50 : Albumen silver photograph | Photo on card with Title and Description on reverse | Mounted 24 x 30 cm; Photo 12 x 17 cm.On Reverse: ‘The growth of Hops has of late years occupied the attention of farmers in most of the colonies, and with the most encouraging results. It has been introduced with considerable success on most of the Aboriginal Stations in Victoria. Our illustration represents a group of natives gathering Hops on the Station at Bairnsdale, in Gipps Land.’nicholas caire (1837-1918), bairnsdale, aborigines, landscape photography, first peoples, aboriginal and torres straight islander

Nicholas Caire was born on Guernsey in the Channel Islands in 1837. He arrived in Adelaide with his parents in about 1860. In 1867, following photographic journeys in Gippsland, he opened a studio in Adelaide. From 1870 to 1876 he lived and worked in Talbot in Central Victoria. In 1876 he purchased T. F. Chuck's studios in the Royal Arcade Melbourne. In 1885, following the introduction of dry plate photography, he began a series of landscape series, which were commercially successful. As a photographer, he travelled extensively through Victoria, photographing places few of his contemporaries had previously seen. He died in 1918. Reference: Jack Cato, 'Caire, Nicholas John (1837–1918)', Australian Dictionary of Biography.An original, rare photograph from the series 'Views of Victoria: General Series' by the photographer, Nicholas Caire (1837-1918). The 60 photographs that comprise the series were issued c. 1876 and reinforced a neo-Romantic view of the Australian landscape to which a growing nationalist movement would respond. Nicholas Caire was active as a photographer in Australia from 1858 until his death in 1918. His vision of the Australian bush and pioneer life had a counterpart in the works of Henry Lawson and other nationalist poets, authors and painters.‘Crystal Brook, in the Cape Otway Ranges’ : Views of Victoria (General Series) No.53 : Albumen silver photograph | Photo on card with Title and Description on reverse | Mounted 24 x 30 cm; Photo 12 x 17 cm.On Reverse: 'The subject of the present illustration was discovered by one of our operators exploring the Cape in search of scenery. It is situated about four miles from the coast, and is surrounded by dense foliage on the one side, and rocky boulders on the other. This spot being unknown to the settlers, the title we have given to it is highly suggestive of such a romantic and secluded spot.'nicholas caire (1837-1918), landscape photography

Nicholas Caire was born on Guernsey in the Channel Islands in 1837. He arrived in Adelaide with his parents in about 1860. In 1867, following photographic journeys in Gippsland, he opened a studio in Adelaide. From 1870 to 1876 he lived and worked in Talbot in Central Victoria. In 1876 he purchased T. F. Chuck's studios in the Royal Arcade Melbourne. In 1885, following the introduction of dry plate photography, he began a series of landscape series, which were commercially successful. As a photographer, he travelled extensively through Victoria, photographing places few of his contemporaries had previously seen. He died in 1918. Reference: Jack Cato, 'Caire, Nicholas John (1837–1918)', Australian Dictionary of Biography.An original, rare photograph from the series 'Views of Victoria: General Series' by the photographer, Nicholas Caire (1837-1918). The 60 photographs that comprise the series were issued c. 1876 and reinforced a neo-Romantic view of the Australian landscape to which a growing nationalist movement would respond. Nicholas Caire was active as a photographer in Australia from 1858 until his death in 1918. His vision of the Australian bush and pioneer life had a counterpart in the works of Henry Lawson and other nationalist poets, authors and painters.'Sylvan Dell, near Loutitt Bay’ : Views of Victoria (General Series) No.54 : Albumen silver photograph | Photo on card with Title and Description on reverse | Mounted 24 x 30 cm; Photo 12 x 17 cm.On Reverse: ‘Sylvan Dell is one of the favourite resorts for visitors who are in search of the romantic. The peculiarly slender and upright foliage which is seen near the foreground is that of the myrtle tree. Dogwood, brush, staghorn, ferns, and wattle make up the background. Considerable difficulty is experienced in reaching the Dell, in consequence of the precipitous hills and dense scrub which surround it.’nicholas caire (1837-1918), lorne (vic), landscape photography

Nicholas Caire was born on Guernsey in the Channel Islands in 1837. He arrived in Adelaide with his parents in about 1860. In 1867, following photographic journeys in Gippsland, he opened a studio in Adelaide. From 1870 to 1876 he lived and worked in Talbot in Central Victoria. In 1876 he purchased T. F. Chuck's studios in the Royal Arcade Melbourne. In 1885, following the introduction of dry plate photography, he began a series of landscape series, which were commercially successful. As a photographer, he travelled extensively through Victoria, photographing places few of his contemporaries had previously seen. He died in 1918. Reference: Jack Cato, 'Caire, Nicholas John (1837–1918)', Australian Dictionary of Biography.An original, rare photograph from the series 'Views of Victoria: General Series' by the photographer, Nicholas Caire (1837-1918). The 60 photographs that comprise the series were issued c. 1876 and reinforced a neo-Romantic view of the Australian landscape to which a growing nationalist movement would respond. Nicholas Caire was active as a photographer in Australia from 1858 until his death in 1918. His vision of the Australian bush and pioneer life had a counterpart in the works of Henry Lawson and other nationalist poets, authors and painters.‘Straus’ Falls, Cape Otway Ranges’ : Views of Victoria (General Series) No.55 : Albumen silver photograph | Photo on card with Title and Description on reverse | Mounted 24 x 30 cm; Photo 12 x 17 cm.On Reverse: ‘These Falls were discovered some time since by a gentleman named Straus, and were so named in memory of him. They comprise a succession of falls, rapids, and cataracts varying from 10 feet to 60 feet, making a total of 250 feet from the fall to the bed of the stream. These waters probably form a tributary to one of the adjacent rivers.’nicholas caire (1837-1918), landscape photography

Nicholas Caire was born on Guernsey in the Channel Islands in 1837. He arrived in Adelaide with his parents in about 1860. In 1867, following photographic journeys in Gippsland, he opened a studio in Adelaide. From 1870 to 1876 he lived and worked in Talbot in Central Victoria. In 1876 he purchased T. F. Chuck's studios in the Royal Arcade Melbourne. In 1885, following the introduction of dry plate photography, he began a series of landscape series, which were commercially successful. As a photographer, he travelled extensively through Victoria, photographing places few of his contemporaries had previously seen. He died in 1918. Reference: Jack Cato, 'Caire, Nicholas John (1837–1918)', Australian Dictionary of Biography.An original, rare photograph from the series 'Views of Victoria: General Series' by the photographer, Nicholas Caire (1837-1918). The 60 photographs that comprise the series were issued c. 1876 and reinforced a neo-Romantic view of the Australian landscape to which a growing nationalist movement would respond. Nicholas Caire was active as a photographer in Australia from 1858 until his death in 1918. His vision of the Australian bush and pioneer life had a counterpart in the works of Henry Lawson and other nationalist poets, authors and painters.‘Mount St. George, Addis Bay’ : Views of Victoria (General Series) No.56 : Albumen silver photograph | Photo on card with Title and Description on reverse | Mounted 24 x 30 cm; Photo 12 x 17 cm.On Reverse: ‘Addis Bay is situated to the north-east of Appollo Bay, and very near Cape Patten. This mountain is 6,000 feet high, and commands one of the finest views on the Cape Otway Ranges. The ascent is a somewhat difficult one, but visitors to this locality not unfrequently make this a favourite outing.’nicholas caire (1837-1918), landscape photography

Nicholas Caire was born on Guernsey in the Channel Islands in 1837. He arrived in Adelaide with his parents in about 1860. In 1867, following photographic journeys in Gippsland, he opened a studio in Adelaide. From 1870 to 1876 he lived and worked in Talbot in Central Victoria. In 1876 he purchased T. F. Chuck's studios in the Royal Arcade Melbourne. In 1885, following the introduction of dry plate photography, he began a series of landscape series, which were commercially successful. As a photographer, he travelled extensively through Victoria, photographing places few of his contemporaries had previously seen. He died in 1918. Reference: Jack Cato, 'Caire, Nicholas John (1837–1918)', Australian Dictionary of Biography.An original, rare photograph from the series 'Views of Victoria: General Series' by the photographer, Nicholas Caire (1837-1918). The 60 photographs that comprise the series were issued c. 1876 and reinforced a neo-Romantic view of the Australian landscape to which a growing nationalist movement would respond. Nicholas Caire was active as a photographer in Australia from 1858 until his death in 1918. His vision of the Australian bush and pioneer life had a counterpart in the works of Henry Lawson and other nationalist poets, authors and painters.‘Cumberland Creek, near Point Sturt’ : Views of Victoria (General Series) No.59 : Albumen silver photograph | Photo on card with Title and Description on reverse | Mounted 24 x 30 cm; Photo 12 x 17 cm.On Reverse: ‘The Cumberland Creek is so named from the close resemblance it bears to the place bearing that name in the mother country. The present illustration represents the precipices and hills which surround the Cumberland Creek. The soil around the hills is mostly sandstone rubble, hence the only vegetation identical with the spot is the inevitable sword grass and salt scrub, which frequently exist where no other vegetation can be found.’nicholas caire (1837-1918), landscape photography

This Great Britain shilling is dated 1835. There were over 3 million of these coins minted during the reign of King William IV, 1830-1837. British coins such as this one shilling were in circulation in the colony of Australia until 1910, when the Commonwealth of Australia began producing its own coinage. This coin was minted by the Royal Mint at Royal Mint Court, in Little Tower Hill, London, England. Coins for circulation in the Kingdom of England, Great Britain and most of the British Empire were produced here until the 1960’s when the Royal Mint shifted location to Wales. The obverse side of the coin’s inscription translation is “William IV by the Grace of God, King of the British territories, Defender of the Faith”. The engraver of the obverse image was William Wyon. The reverse side’s inscription on the coin is translated " King of The British territories, Defender of the Faith” The engraver of the reverse image was Jean Baptiste Merlen. AUSTRALIAN CURRENCY The early settlers of Australia brought their own currency with them so a wide variety of coins, tokens and even ‘promissory’ notes (often called IOU’s) were used in the exchange of goods and services. In 1813 40,000 silver Spanish dollars, purchased by the English government, were delivered to Sydney to help resolve the currency problem reported by Governor Macquarie. The coins were converted for use by punching a hole in the centre of the coin. Both the outer ring, called the holey dollar, and the punched out ‘hole’, called the dump, were then used as the official currency. The holey dollars hold the place of being the first distinctively Australian coins. In 1825 the British Government passed the Sterling Silver Currency Act, making the British Pound the only legal form of currency in the Australian colonies. Not enough British currency was imported into the colony so other forms of currency were still used. In the mid 1800’s Australia entered the Gold Rush period when many made their fortunes. Gold was used for trading, often shaped into ingots, stamped with their weight and purity, and one pound tokens. In 1852 the Adelaide Assay Office, without British approval, made Australia’s first gold coin to meet the need for currency in South Australia after the Gold Rush began. In 1855 the official Australian Mint opened in Sydney, operating as a branch of the Royal Mint in London, and the gold was turned into coins called ‘sovereigns’. Other branches also opened in Melbourne and Perth. Up to the time of Australia becoming a federation in 1901 its currency included British copper and silver coins, Australian gold sovereigns, locally minted copper trade tokens, private banknotes, New South Wales and Queensland government treasury notes and Queensland government banknotes. After Federation the Australian government began to overwrite privately issued notes and prepared for the introduction of its own currency. In 1910 a National Australian Currency was formed, based on the British currency of ‘pounds, shillings and pence’ and the first Commonwealth coining was produced. In 1966, on February 14th, Australia changed over to the decimal currency system of dollars and cents. Australia did not have its own currency in the colonial times. Settlers brought money from other countries and they also traded goods such as grain when currency was scarce. For a long time there was no standardised value for the different currencies. In 1825 British currency became the only official currency in the colony of Australia and coins such as this silver shilling were imported into Australia to replace the mixture of foreign currency. Australia became a Federated nation on 1st January 1901. In 1910 National Australian Currency was formed and Australia produced its own currency, based on the British ‘pounds, shillings and pence’. The British currency was no longer valid. This silver shilling is of national significance as it represents the British currency used in Australia from 1825-1910. Coin, Great Britain shilling. 1835. Silver coin, round. Obverse; King William IV bare head, looking right. Reverse; crown above denomination, surrounded by wreath, year below wreath. Inscription on both sides.Obverse “GULIELMUS IIII D : G : BRITANNIAR : REX F : D :” Reverse “ONE SHILLING” and “1835” flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, coin, currency, money, legal tender, australian currency history, royal mint, great britain shilling 1835, king william iv currency, colonial australia currency, william wyon, jean baptiste merlen, numismatics