Presented, together with a new King's Colour, by Major-General JS Whitelaw, CB, CBE at a parade of the 16th/28th Infantry Battalion (The Cameron Highlanders of Western Australia) held on the Esplanade, Perth, 26 August 1951. (Refer to item 7 for specific details relating to these new colours and for details of previous colours presented to 16th Battalion). 16th/28th Infantry Battalion became unlinked in March 1952 with both 16th and 28th becoming independent battalions within their own right Under major reorganisation of the CMF in 1960, all individual infantry battalions that existed at the time within each State were amalgamated to form State regiments, taking effect from 1 July 1960. Thus from that date the 11/44th, 16th and 28th Infantry Battalions were amalgamated to form The Royal Western Australia Regiment. In September 1960, at a ceremonial parade held at Northam Camp, the Colours carried by all former battalions were handed over for safe keeping by the new regiment. These former colours were subsequently laid up in the undercroft at the State War Memorial, King's Park on 29 November 1964. These were transferred to the Army Museum of WA in 1988 as part of the Bicentenary Colours Project. The battle honour for South Africa has incorrect year dates and should be "SOUTH AFRICA 1902". Reasons supporting this are:- • The Battle Honour "SOUTH AFRICA 1902" was originally granted under Military Order 123/1908 to the Goldfields Infantry Regiment of Western Australia. • Under 1921 reorganisation of the Citizen Forces, the existing units in the Goldfields area were formed into 16th Battalion (The Goldfields Regiment) to maintain the identity and traditions of 16th Battalion (AIF). This unit inherited the above battle honour. • All editions of the Australian Army List since 1927 have shown this battle honour for 16th Battalion as "SOUTH AFRICA 1902". Dark green with gold fringes. In the centre the battalion colour patch of a white over blue rectangle within a circle inscribed "SIXTEENTH BATTALION", surrounded with a wreath of Australian wattle and surmounted by the Imperial Crown. Below the wreath a scroll inscribed with the regimental motto "VINCENS". In the upper canton the Arabic numeral "16". Battle Honours emblazoned on the Colour: SOUTH AFRICA 1899-1902 , POZIERES, BULLECOURT, MESSINES 1917, YPRES 1917, POLYGON WOOD, HAMEL, AMIENS, HINDENBURG LINE, LANDING AT ANZAC, SARI BAIR

A dark wooden plaque with the Victorian coat of arms in metal relief of two female figures standing on a mound of grass on either side of the Southern Cross shield. The figure on the left represents Peace and holds an olive branch, while the figure on the right personifies Prosperity and holds a cornucopia. Above the shield is a knight's helmet and a kangaroo holding an Imperial crown. The motto 'PEACE AND PROSPERITY' is on a banner below the shield and under that a banner read's 'VICTORIA'S 150th YEAR' and the dates 1834 and 1984. The plaque is numbered 59 of 1,000 on the reverse.victorian coat of arms, plaque, shield, coat of arms, peace and prosperity, victoria's 150th year, heraldry

A wooden racquet featuring dyed wood frame, popular in the 1940's. Decal on throat on obverse comprises of the monogram 'MW' on a blue ribbon, in front of a starred and striped shield, crowned by an eagle. Decal inscription across throat on reverse: NATIONAL. The patent across right side of racquet, was issued in February 1939, for the "coloring of bent wood", developed by William Whyte, an employee of Cortland, who manufactured tennis racquets. Materials: Wood, Gut, Metal, Lacquer, Glue, Leather, Plastic, Adhesive tape, Vinyltennis

A wooden, oval racquet with a solid convex throat, cloth tape supports, and fish-tail handle. Inscription across crown on obverse: THE DEMON. Model trademark is stamped on throat on obverse, featuring a horned demon's head device, with the text: THE/DEMON. Manufacturer's mark stamped across throat on reverse, comprises of a hexagram with the text: BEST IS BEST/S&S/L/THRO' THE WORLD. Inscription along left side of handle: MADE IN ENGLAND. Materials: Wood, Gut, Metal, Glue, Lacquer, Cloth tapetennis

A wooden racquet with white cloth tape over parchment reinforcing, and a fine-grooved handle grip. The parchment reinforcing continues from the shoulders down the throat, creating the outline of a heart shape. Inscription across crown on obverse: SLAZENGERS'.Inscription along right side of handle: SLAZENGERS' NEW YORK. Inscription across throat on reverse: PATENT SHOULDERS. Butt cover features racquet maintenance instructions. Materials: Wood, Gut, Metal, Glue, Lacquer, Ink, Cloth tape, Leather, Parchment, Stringtennis

An Oliver International tennis racquet, with ribbon whipping around shoulders and shaft, leather handle grip with continuous X-formation perforations, and a rubber butt cap. Oliver logo featurs across crown, along shaft, and across butt cap. Model name features across base of head. Illustrated decal of stylised kangaroo features on throat. Reproduced signatures of Anderson and Sedgman feature on the sides of throat. Materials: Wood, Nylon, Leather, Ink, Glue, Lacquer, Metal, Ribbon, Fibreglass, Rubber, Enamel, Adhesive tapetennis

An Head 'Arthur Ashe Competition 2, Boron Flex' tennis racquet, with: wood/boron/plastic composite frame with open throat; grooved outer crown; plastic butt cap; and, brown leather handle grip over hard plastic shaft encasement. Manufacturer's name features across base of head, across top of shaft encasement, and across butt cap. Model name features along left side of shaft. Materials: Metal, Plastic, Wood, Nylon, Leather, Adhesive tape, Ink, Papertennis

A Wright & Ditson 'The Park' model tennis racquet with solid convex throat. Rounded flat top head. Manufacturer name and place of manufacture printed across throat on obverse. Model name printed on crown on obverse. manufacturer trademark across throat on reverse. On side of shaft is printed: PATENTED,/JAN. 3, 05,. Fine grooved octagonal handle with leather end wrap. On leather butt cap is inscribed: B/E/200. Materials: Wood, Metal, Lacquer, Glue, Ink, Leather, Guttennis

A Wilson Famous Player Series, Jack Kramer Staff Model tennis racquet. Base of head features Wilson logo. Shaft features decal of head and neck photo image of Kramer. Throat features decal design of a gold crown within a corona. Base of shaft features 'W' trademark. Leather handle grip features quatrefoil perforations. Autographs by Kramer along obverse and reverse of shaft. Materials: Wood, Nylon, Leather, Adhesive tape, Ink, Glue, Lacquer, Metal, String, Ribbon, Paint, Plastictennis

A Wilson Famous Player Series, Tony Trabert Victory tennis racquet. Base of head on obverse features Wilson logo. Throat features model name beneath a crowned shield device, with a 'V' in the centre. Shaft features a decal head and shoulders photo image of a young Trabert. Leather handle grip features quatrefoil perforations. Inscription along right side of shaft: ENDORSED BY/THE NATIONAL CHAMPION. Materials: Wood, Nylon, Leather, Ribbon, Glue, Metal, Lacquer, Paint, Adhesive tape, Plastictennis

A Wilson Famous Player Series, Tony Trabert Victory tennis racquet. Base of head on obverse features Wilson logo. Throat features model name beneath a crowned shield device, with a 'V' in the centre. Shaft features a decal head and shoulders photo image of a young Trabert. Leather handle grip features quatrefoil perforations. Inscription along right side of shaft: ENDORSED BY/THE NATIONAL [C]HAM[PION]. Materials: Wood, Nylon, Leather, Ribbon, Glue, Metal, Lacquer, Paint, Adhesive tape, Plastic, Clothtennis

A Bancroft Court King tennis racquet, with plastic whipping from shoulders to shaft, and leather handle with patterned perforations. Bancroft logo features across base of head. Throat features model name, and decal illustrations of a stylised gold crown above a black fleur-de-lis. Wreathed 'B' trademark features on lower shaft. Name written along shaft on obverse: DAWN/ALEXANDER. Materials: Wood, Nylon, Leather, Glue, Lacquer, Metal, Ink, Plastic, Cloth, Adhesive tape, Painttennis

Pru Sanderson, in her groundbreaking ‘City of Kew Urban Conservation Study : Volume 2 - Development History’ (1988), summarised the periods of urban development and subdivisions of land in Kew. The periods that she identified included 1845-1880, 1880-1893, 1893-1921, 1921-1933, 1933-1943, and Post-War Development. These periods were selected as they represented periods of rapid growth or decline in urban development. An obvious starting point for Sanderson’s groupings involved population growth and the associated economic cycles. These cycles also highlighted urban expansion onto land that was predominantly rural, although in other cases it represented the decline and breakup of large estates. A number of the plans in the Kew Historical Society’s collection can also be found in other collections, such as those of the State Library of Victoria and the Boroondara Library Service. A number are however unique to the collection.Subdivision plans are historically important documents used as evidence of the growth of suburbs in Australia. They frequently provide information about when the land was sold on which a built structure was subsequently constructed as well as evidence relating to surveyors and real estate and financial agents. The numerous subdivision plans in the Kew Historical Society's collection represent working documents, ranging from the initial sketches made in planning a subdivision to printed plans on which auctioneers or agents listed the prices for which individual lots were sold. In a number of cases, the reverse of a subdivision plan in the collection includes a photograph of a house that was also for sale by the agent. These photographs provide significant heritage information relating house design and decoration, fencing and household gardens.In the subdivision of part of Crown Portion 82, bordered by John and Sackville Streets and Cotham and Burke Roads, over 100 lots were offered for sale. In addition to the designated lots, a number of key locations are also identified. These include the Genazzano Convent to the north of Cotham Road, the Reservoir, St Hilary’s and the land holding of Colonel Parnell on the corner of John Street and Cotham Road. On the Plan, No. 5064, is the handwritten name ‘St. Hellier’s Estate’. St. Helliers, the home of the Dumaresq family is shown beside St. Hilary’s.subdivision plans - kew, st helliers estate

Presentation plaque made of varnished wood. Located centrally is a large gold and silver Royal Victorian Regiment badge. The badge is made up of crossed gold SLRs a queens crown and a banner with " Victoria" located in front of a large silver "V". Located in the top left corner of the plaque is a 20mm x 15mm gold bordered red square with the numbers "5/6" embossed on it. In the top right is a small 5th battalion Colour patch. This is made up of a black rectangle laying atop of red rectangle.5/6rvr, infantry, plaque, colour patch, hat badge, wark vc club

Document: blue hard cover journal with buff spine and corners. (spine in poor condition, frayed and pieces missing) Contains details of crown lands surveyed and sold in Sandhurst district. LH page: town, suburban or country lands. RH page: auction, selection, price per acre, price overall and purchaser. Indexed by parish inside front cover. On spine ' Index book' ' Lands and Survey' '07' written on spine under damaged spine cover. Dated from 26/6/1857 to 24 February 1914Lands Officeland sales, lands office, land surveyed, land sold, bendigo, sandhurst

"B. K. O'Mahoney" was OC 15 TPT SQN at one stage at Mollison Street Depot. Bendigo.1. Jacket - Black. Collar badges are formal coloured Army Service Corps. There are two breast pockets. They are held shut with a brass button. There are 5 brass buttons on front. RAASC Motif. The jacket has a separate detachable white collar. A Major's gold crown is on each epaulette. 2. Trousers - Black. It has two white stripes down the leg. It has black plastic buttons. Inside the trouser waist line is lined with blue striped white cotton. It has side pockets only, no rear pockets.1. & 2. Typed inside the jacket and trousers are “392872 2LT B. K. O'Mahony, D/A 1362” cmf, 15 tpt sqn, uniforms, b. k. mahoney, passchendaele barracks trust

This business was owned by father and son, Henry Archibald Wilkinson and Samuel Ronald "Ron" Wilkinson. Henry (1882-1954) was born in Shepparton and died in Bendigo. He was married to Grace Hovendon in 1908. Samuel Ronald "Ron" (1914-1995), Henry's son, was married to Florence Jean McKerlie in 1937.Contract of sale of land dated 11th May, 1957 between Mr. W.B. Nicholls (seller) and Misses D.M. & L.G. Smith. For land being lot 8 on vendor's plan of subdivision by Mr. Surveyor Pritchard, dated 2nd May, 1957 having a frontage of 59 feet to Alamein Court by a depth of 100 feet, being part allotment 7 section 31A land described in Crown grant volume 8113 folio 731. Subject to any registered appurtenant easements. Price 3,600 pounds.organization, business, h.a. & s.r wilkinson real estate

This business was owned by father and son, Henry Archibald Wilkinson and Samuel Ronald "Ron" Wilkinson. Henry (1882-1954) was born in Shepparton and died in Bendigo. He was married to Grace Hovendon in 1908. Samuel Ronald "Ron" (1914-1995), Henry's son, was married to Florence Jean McKerlie in 1937.Contract of sale dated 14th December, 1959 between Mr. C.J. & Mrs. M.E. Greer (seller) and Mrs. R.L. Smith (buyer) Solicitors for vendor: Watson, James & Rogers, Bull Street, Bendigo. Solicitors for purchaser: Watson, James, & Rogers, Bull Street, Bendigo. For property at 38 Wattle Street, Bendigo being part of Crown allotment 29 section 127C described in certificate of title volume 6625 folio 8826, together with all linos, blinds, curtains and gas stove as inspected. Price 1,550 pounds.organization, business, h.a. & s.r wilkinson real estate

This business was owned by father and son, Henry Archibald Wilkinson and Samuel Ronald "Ron" Wilkinson. Henry (1882-1954) was born in Shepparton and died in Bendigo. He was married to Grace Hovendon in 1908. Samuel Ronald "Ron" (1914-1995), Henry's son, was married to Florence Jean McKerlie in 1937.Contract of sale of land dated 29th May, 1954 between Mrs. E.M. & Mr. H.A. Knight (sellers) and Mr. W.H. Randall (buyer) for land being lot 2 on plan of subdivision No. 19227 being parts of lots 27 and 28 on plan of subdivision No. 4134 being part of Crown allotment 97 and being the balance of the land comprised in certificate of titles volume 6441 folios 021 and 022 and situate Albion Street, Bendigo. Together with weatherboard dwelling and all sundry. Price 2,200 pounds.organization, business, h.a. & s.r wilkinson real estate

This business was owned by father and son, Henry Archibald Wilkinson and Samuel Ronald "Ron" Wilkinson. Henry (1882-1954) was born in Shepparton and died in Bendigo. He was married to Grace Hovendon in 1908. Samuel Ronald "Ron" (1914-1995), Henry's son, was married to Florence Jean McKerlie in 1937.Contract of sale of land dated 6th July, 1956 between Sandhurst and Northern District Trustees Executors and Agency Company Limited (seller) and Mrs. L.G. Ross for land being Crown allotment 10 and 10A section 68C described in certificate of title volume 5633 folio 519, together with and subject to the party well easement described in the said certificate. Also copper and troughs, linos, blinds and electric light shades. Property situate 16 Olinda Street, Bendigo. Price 1,700 pounds.organization, business, h.a. & s.r wilkinson real estate

This business was owned by father and son, Henry Archibald Wilkinson and Samuel Ronald "Ron" Wilkinson. Henry (1882-1954) was born in Shepparton and died in Bendigo. He was married to Grace Hovendon in 1908. Samuel Ronald "Ron" (1914-1995), Henry's son, was married to Florence Jean McKerlie in 1937.Contract of sale of land dated 22nd November, 1956 between Mr. W.N. Nicholls (seller) and Mr. G.A. & Mrs. M.L. Quirk (buyers) for piece of land being lot 17 of plan of subdivision No. 33303 lodged in the office of titles being part of Crown allotment 16 section 7A, Kangaroo Flat and situate corner Camp and carpenter Streets, Kangaroo Flat, together with brick veneer dwelling and all sundry, also all electric light fittings and shades. Price 4,500 pounds.organization, business, h.a. & s.r wilkinson real estate

.1 MOURNING BROOCH, METAL, OVAL SHAPED WITH RAISED FLOWER WITH FIVE LEAVES ON CENTRE PIECE, 5 SMALL DOTS PROTRUDING ON EACH EDGE. EACH END OF THIS AREA IS A PLAIN STRIP WITH MARKINGS. EACH END OF OVAL HAS A FAN SHAPE WITH 5 SMALL DOTS PROTRUDING AT ENDS. CLASP ON BACK WITH OVAL AREA AND PLASTIC PIECE .2 METAL BUTTON WITH CROWN ON FRONT -" COMMONWEALTH PEACE OFFICER" - AROUND EDGE. WOULD HAVE BEEN USED 1902 -1952 ON A CAP OR VEST WITH LOOP AT BACK FOR FIXINGmourning brooch, brooch, commonwealth peace officer

1. Dress - white colour polyester cotton fabric ward dress. Collar, long sleeves with attached collar and plastic buttons. Front opening with concealed button closure. Buttons - white plastic with metal shank and split pin. Shoulder straps with attached red colour fabric epaulettes, with button hole. Button - silver colour plastic with metal shank and clasp. Epaulette badge, silver metal letters RAANC, two silver metal letters RAANC, two silver and red colour metal rank insignia - Lieutenant. Manufacturers label - white colour cotton, front lining. 2. Cape - red colour wool fabric cape style elbow length. Shoulder epaulettes with silver colour plastic embossed buttons, Queens Crown, Map of Australia with shank. Three silver and red colour metal rank insignia - Captain - per epaulette. Bar badge - plastic and metal - silver colour, oval shaped surmounted by Queen's crown, oval embossed with "ROYAL ASUTRALIAN NURSING CORPS" . Centre of oval Nightingale oil lamp. Across bottom scroll embossed with motto "PRO HUMANITATE".Manufacturer's information - black print. 1. A.G.C.F./ VICTORIA/ 1976/ ^/ SIZE OS/ 8410.66.038.1474/ ARMY NO/ NAME" 2. Back of cape "C.G.C.F./ VICTORIA/ 1971/ ^/ SIZE - OS/ 8410.66.013.0771/ ARMY NO/ NAME" Front lining "S4S/ M.603493/DKT./ 35768/ F/NO/ 1842/ SIZE/ OS/ CAPE NURSES. WINT. SCARLET/ ARMY/ 125 29". uniform, royal australian army nursing corps

Uniform, Sqd Leader Shane Wright. For his Service History refer Cat No. 7877.61. Jacket - dark blue wool/polyester fabric. Battle dress style. Collar, shoulder epaulettes with Sqn Leader rank slides - 3 rank stripes, black and blue ribbons and 'AUSTRALIA" . Left sleeve insignia patch - white embroidery Eagle wings over "AIR FORCE" . Two patch pockets with concealed button flap. Right pocket - metal RAAF Badge, above pocket metal name badge. Left pocket - above service ribbons, blue and yellow ribbon with three rosettes - Long service. Black, red and white ribbon - Defence medal. Stretch ribbing waistband to jacket with plastic and metal zipper closer. Dark blue colour polyester lining with concealed pocket Dark blue plastic buttons with shank, raised emblem crown and wings RAAF. White cotton manufacturers label. 2. Cap - dark blue wool/polyester fabric. Utility cap style with Officers Insignia patch - gold embroidery - Queen's crown with red insert, wings and laurel leaves. Dark blue colour polyester fabric lining. White cotton manufacturers label inside on lining.Manufacturers information - black ink print. 1. "ADA/VIC 2002/ ^/ NSN: 8405 66 146 8842/ SIZE: 105r/ SERVICE NO:/ NAME: / LAUNDRY INSTRUCTIONS/ 50% WOOL 50% POLY/ DRY CLEAN ONLY/ REPRESS WITH DAMP CLOTH/ WARM IRON/ DO NOT SIRO SET/ MADE IN AUSTRALIA" 2. "ADA/ 4500 107475/ JULY 02/ NSN 8405 66 146 6323/ SIZE 62/ SERVICE NO:/ NAME: / DRY CLEAN ONLY/ 50% WOOL 50% POLYESTER/ MADE IN AUSTRALIA" 1. & 2. Handwritten - black ink pen "S.WRIGHT".uniform, raaf, battle jacket, cap, s. wright

The Flying Log Book was used by A315699 Lindsay William Fankhauser from qualifying as a helicopter crewman on 9 Dec 66 until a new Flight Log Book was issued on 15 Feb 74. The Lindsay Fankhauser lived in Gisborne and was a member of the Vietnam Veterans Association based at Woodend RSL. The Flying Log Book provides a complete record of Lindsay Fankhauser including flying hours, qualifications, annual reports, photographs of crew and aircraft from 1966 until 1974.Blue book held within a brown leather bookcover. Book cover closed with Velcro Strip. Blue book containing flight information, qualifications, posting locations, pasted in photographs. Brown cover with indentity label with name of owner enclosed in plastic cover. Blue book mounted in middle of brown cover with cover closed by overlapping.Blue book - FORM A.73 (June, 1938). Royal Australian Air Force. Observer’s Air Gunner’s and W/T Operator’s Flying Log Book. Name FANKHAUSER.L.W. (on a dymo label). Leather Cover - Aircrew wings for Aircrew members (wreath of wattle surmounted by crown, letter C inside wreath, single wing on right hand side) /LINDSAY FANKHAUSER/ RAAFfankhauser, raaf, flying log book, vietnam, a.73

He served from December 1941 to July 1942 in the Citizen Military Forces and from July 1942 to September 1944 in the Australian Imperial Forces. His reason for discharge was reserved occupation. He held the rank of corporal in 26th Motor regiment. He was born in Colac 19/11/1919 to Ernest Swan and Daisy Johnson. He died 04/08/2009 and is buried at the Warrnambool cemetery. During his life he farmed a soldiers’ settlers block in the Grasmere area, north of Warrnambool. The soldiers' settlement program was instigated after both world wars whereby land was made available to returning soldiers. Some of the land was Crown land and some was acquired. This document is an official statement of his service.This document has social significance and interest as it is representative of thousands of local men who served in World War 2. It is a link also to the Soldiers' settlement programCream paper with black text. Personal details of Ernest Henry Swan have been typed into fields. text in the centre of the reverse.Signed E H Swan. date of issue is 11/08/1976.Army number VX88010.warrnambool, e h swan, e h swan statement of service

Construction of service road in front of the former Ann Dowling (Miers) 1866 Crown Grant, Title dated October 1870. She married Henri Miers in 1867.Their house was located on the site near the Myers Gully part of Ryans Creek. Built in 1867 and later named “Burnbank” by Martha Myers after the Street in Ballarat were she lived before arriving in Melton in 1907. She married Frederick Myers in 1908. He died in 1963, and Martha moved to a new home at 5 McKenzie Street Melton in 1968. Attempts made by the family to retain the historic cottage were unsuccessful. A demolition order imposed by the Housing Commission and it was pulled down by the family. It was the home of the family and stood for over 100 years.East of Reserve Road towards Ferris Roadlandscapes of significance, misc.

This map shows allotments of land on the northern side of Lerderderg Street from Gisborne Road through to the approximate site of the present day Bacchus Marsh Primary School. There are also allotments shown on the southern side of McFarland Street between George Street and Gisborne Road. Larger allotments of land are shown extending northwards towards Masons Lane. Inscribed at the top of the map are the words, 'Plan of Subdivision of Cr Pors (Crown Portions) 12 & 13 & Allotments 1,2,3,4, Block 3, Parish of Korkuperrimul, County of Bourke'. The date of the map has not been established but the absence of the Bacchus Marsh Primary School on the map suggests it may have been produced prior to 1865 when the primary school was built in Lerderderg Street.Single page map showing house block size land allotments in the Lerderderg, George Street and McFarland Street area of Bacchus Marsh with larger allotments north of this area towards Masons Lane also shown. Scale 150 feet to 1 inch. Part of a set of maps which are pasted into a bound volume containing 76 maps or plans in total. High resolution digital image stored on BMDHS computer network. bacchus marsh victoria maps, lerderderg street land allotments, mcfarland street land allotments

Set of 5 Met Bus timetables - all with a route map on the rear. 1 - Routes 216 and 219, Deer Park West - City - Brighton Beach/Gardenvale - dated 27/10/1996 2 - route 220 - Sunshine - Gardenvale - dated 14/4/1996 3 - Routes 223 and 215 - Yarraville Station to Highpoint and Deer Park West to Highpoint - dated Dec. 1996 4 - Route 232 - Altona North - Victoria Market via West Gate Freeway and Crown Casino - dated 14/4/1996 - this service effectively combined the two railway tram routes. 5 - Route 600 - St Kilda to Southland via Elwood, Brighton, Sandringham, Black Rock and Cheltenham - dated March 1997Yields information about some of the Met Bus services in 1996 and 1997.Set of five Met Bus timetables, DL size, printed in two colours.maps, bus services, route 216, route 219, route 220, route 223, route 215, route 232, route 600, met bus

Metal branding hammers were the most common way to control the sale and movement of hardwood timber produce like logs, railway sleepers, fence posts, and poles from Victorian State forests. Royalty was also paid on this basis. Hammers most commonly had a crown stamp on one end with a unique number in the middle which identified its owner, and a crows foot or broad arrow on the other. The broad arrow was a symbol traditionally used in Britain and its colonies to mark government property. Other local configurations were used by sawmillers, post cutters and pulpwood contactors. Forest regulations state that an authorised officer may use the crown mark to identify produce which has been sold and may be removed from the forest, whereas the broad arrow can be used to brand and mark trees which are not to be felled, or to indicate forest produce which has been seized. Hammers were traditionally only ever issued to forest officers and were an important, and closely guarded tool-of-trade. They were not transferred between staff and lending hammers was not permitted. But it was an onerous task for staff to hammer and tally hundreds of logs, or thousands of fence posts each week, so in about 1990 a system was introduced whereby hammers were allocated to logging contractors to grade logs and tally them instead. But there was still spot checking by authorised officers. A register was kept, and contractors paid a substantial deposit to make sure they didn't lose them, but they occasionally turn up by fossickers with metal detectors. While branding hammers are still used in some smaller locations, plastic tags and barcodes are now more common.Log Grading hammersforests commission victoria (fcv), hand tools, forest harvesting