The Irish National Land League (Irish: Conradh na Talún) was an Irish political organisation of the late 19th century which sought to help poor tenant farmers. Its primary aim was to abolish landlordism in Ireland and enable tenant farmers to own the land they worked on. The period of the Land League's agitation is known as the Land War. Within decades of the league's foundation, through the efforts of William O'Brien and George Wyndham (a descendant of Lord Edward FitzGerald), the 1902 Land Conference produced the Land (Purchase) Act 1903 which allowed Irish tenant farmers buy out their freeholds with UK government loans over 68 years through the Land Commission (an arrangement that has never been possible in Britain itself). For agricultural labourers, D.D. Sheehan and the Irish Land and Labour Association secured their demands from the Liberal government elected in 1905 to pass the Labourers (Ireland) Act 1906, and the Labourers (Ireland) Act 1911, which paid County Councils to build over 40,000 new rural cottages, each on an acre of land. By 1914, 75% of occupiers were buying out their landlords, mostly under the two Acts. In all, under the pre-UK Land Acts over 316,000 tenants purchased their holdings amounting to 15 million acres (61,000 km2) out of a total of 20 million acres (81,000 km2) in the country. Sometimes the holdings were described as "uneconomic", but the overall sense of social justice was undeniable. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_National_Land_League, accessed 21 January 2014) The Irish National Land League was founded at the Imperial Hotel in Castlebar, the County town of Mayo, on 21 October 1879. At that meeting Charles Stewart Parnell was elected president of the league. Andrew Kettle, Michael Davitt, and Thomas Brennan were appointed as honorary secretaries. This united practically all the different strands of land agitation and tenant rights movements under a single organisation. The two aims of the Land League, as stated in the resolutions adopted in the meeting, were: ...first, to bring out a reduction of rack-rents; second, to facilitate the obtaining of the ownership of the soil by the occupiers. That the object of the League can be best attained by promoting organisation among the tenant-farmers; by defending those who may be threatened with eviction for refusing to pay unjust rents; by facilitating the working of the Bright clauses of the Irish Land Act during the winter; and by obtaining such reforms in the laws relating to land as will enable every tenant to become owner of his holding by paying a fair rent for a limited number of years. Charles Stewart Parnell, John Dillon, Michael Davitt, and others including Cal Lynn then went to America to raise funds for the League with spectacular results. Branches were also set up in Scotland, where the Crofters Party imitated the League and secured a reforming Act in 1886. The government had introduced the first ineffective Land Act in 1870, then the equally inadequate Acts of 1880 and 1881 followed. These established a Land Commission that started to reduce some rents. Parnell together with all of his party lieutenants, including Father Eugene Sheehy known as "the Land League priest", went into a bitter verbal offensive and were imprisoned in October 1881 under the Irish Coercion Act in Kilmainham Jail for "sabotaging the Land Act", from where the No-Rent Manifesto was issued, calling for a national tenant farmer rent strike which was partially followed. Although the League discouraged violence, agrarian crimes increased widely. Typically a rent strike would be followed by evictions by the police, or those tenants paying rent would be subject to a local boycott by League members. Where cases went to court, witnesses would change their stories, resulting in an unworkable legal system. This in turn led on to stronger criminal laws being passed that were described by the League as "Coercion Acts". The bitterness that developed helped Parnell later in his Home Rule campaign. Davitt's views were much more extreme, seeking to nationalise all land, as seen in his famous slogan: "The land of Ireland for the people of Ireland". Parnell aimed to harness the emotive element, but he and his party preferred for tenant farmers to become freeholders on the land they rented, instead of land being vested in "the people".(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_National_Land_League, accessed 21 January 2014)Image of a number of men sitting around a table. They are members of the Land League Committee during a meeting in Dublin.ballarat irish, land league, land league committee, dublin

photo/pictures, ballarat rsl, ballarat

Six photographic portraits presented in a framed mount. The portraits are J.T. Farr; H. Hannington; W.H. Butler; James William Graham; F.W. Osbourne; A. Croft; J. Brooksbank.'Presented by foundation members and first President to the Old Colonists' Association, Ballarat as a souvenir of the origin of our noble institution. Founded August 1883.'ballarat old colonists' club, old colonists' association, old colonists' club, ballarat, richards and co., j.t. farr, w.h. butler, j.w. graham, f.w. osbourne, a. croft, james w. graham, founders, h. hannington, j. brooksbank

Typed listing of Old Colonists' Club Ballarat Executive Committee 1968-6 on letterhead of the Old Colonists' Club Ballarat.old colonists' club ballarat, ballarat old colonists' club, old colonists' association ballarat, coventry, floyd, sumner, godbehear, minchin, pitts, schulz, evand and metcalfe, abson

Typed list of Old Colonists' Club Ballarat Executive Committee for 1966-67 on letterhead of the Old Colonists' Club Ballarat.ballarat old colonists' club, old colonists' association ballarat, h.r. sumner, rowland, c.h. davis, h. godbehear, floyd, robertson, travers, evans and metcalfe, p. abson

Typed listing of the Old Colonists' Club Ballarat Executive Committee 1968-69ballarat old colonists' club, old colonists' association, ballarat old colonists' association

A card with the committee of the Old Colonists' Club for 1958-9old colonists' club, ballarat, w.h. heinz, g.h.w. baker, l.a. blackman, f.c. wray, j.e. chamberlain, c.h. davis, r.a. nicholson, h. godbehear, h.r. sumner, w.m. roper

Richard Bell was born in Dumfermline, Scotland in 1850, arriving in Victoria with his family as a child. He worked at the grocery store of W.L. Wilson, Skipton Street, Sebastopol for six years before opening his own grocery business on the corner of Drummond and South Streets, Ballarat. The business was successful and he retired 15 years later. He was elected to the Ballarat City Council in 1891, and in 1892 he started an auctioneering and sharebroking business in partnership with Mr Lambert. Organisations such as the Ballarat Woollen Company and the Ballarat Tramway Board benefited from Richard Bell's association with them, and he was the Director of many mining companies. He was a member of the Old Colonists' Association of Ballarat, the Ballaarat Mechanics' Institute and the Commercial Club. Richard Bell was interest in erecting statues in Sturt Street to the memory of the poets Burns and Moore, and served on the relevant committee to that end. He was a long term truster of the Miners' Association, and took a very active part in the South Street Debating Society. In April 1874 Richard Bell married Jessie Scott, and the couple had two sons and seven daughters. Portrait of Alexander Bell, member of the Old Colonists Association of Ballarat. old colonists' association of ballarat, old colonists' club, jessie scott, richard bell

Documents relate to aspects of Legacy committees from as early as 1923 to 1950. In the original archive project these documents were put together. The card (two copies) is a promotion of the Deceased Soldiers Children Welfare Committee. It is asking the Legatees where they would like to help - for instance the Junior Boys Club, the holiday camp, Big Brothers for deceased comrades sons, or with vocational placements. This shows that the legatees were being reminded of their obligation to Legacy. It also captures the part of the poem 'In Flanders Field' that relates to the Torch and a quote about Legacy's work. It is from approximately 1927. A letter dated 1966, that accompanies these cards is from Frank Doolan and it claims that this might the sole surviving example of the brochure. He says it is an 'early Legacy story' that is now nearly 40 years old. It also says : 'In those days Literary and debating amongst boys was an important part of our weekly Boys Class, under Jim Gillespie, Alan Murray, Harold Peters and Co, and we turned out some remarkable boys including Ted Kennedy, Graham Billiet, Jack Covue and Jim McGregor, and entered several of them at Ballarat South Street in this year of 1928, which was also the year of the first demonstration in the Melbourne Town Hall.' Another letter is to Legatee Joynt from Legatee J Barnes dated 18th November 1938, it mentions that the recent Clothing Committee meeting had decided it was better to approach Legatee wives directly to get donations of clothing for the junior legatees, by ringing them. It was attached to a report on the meeting of the Clothing Committee from 11 November 1938. A third letter is a a cover letter to the Chairman of Legacy (W E Orr) attached to the resolutions made at the Welfare Sub Committee meeting on 29 August 1950. One recommendation was the hiring of a full time social worker and that the Contact Committee be reconvened to oversea contact with the widows.These documents are a snap shot of some of the work legatees were doing in sub committees to achieve the aims of Legacy.Documents and a brochure relating to the Welfare Committee of Legacy in the 1930s.committee, activities

"Certificate of Appreciation", A4 sheet from the Ballarat Begonia Festival team to the BTM for the 2006 Begonia Festival. Signed by Des Hudson, Chairperson of the organising committee. tramways, trams, btm, begonia festival, museum

Letter congratulates Mrs Sylvia Mitchell on winning the Most Popular Conductress competition. Signed by the President of the Appeal Committee A C Fraser. Demonstrates a congratulatory letter to Sylvia Mitchell.Letter typed on The Ballarat District Benevolent Home letterhead and dated 1/9/1944most popular conductress, sylvia mitchell, tramways, sec, red cross

On one face are five separate items regarding the fundraising including one by the Secretary of the committee Mr W Sewell, a donation by Mr M B John of John's Valves, a note regarding a half-holiday for schools, Friday 28/7 for the fair. On the reverse side is part of a cutting regarding this event, the boxing and wrestling and a cheque from Broadway Park where a greyhound meeting was held on 15 July. These two items have been trimmed. Further date research is required.Demonstrates newspaper reporting re the Sylvia Mitchell fund raising.Set of 2 newspaper cuttings pasted onto a sheet of card.most popular conductress, sylvia mitchell, tramways, sec, red cross, events

Yields information about the view of The Courier, Cr Roff and locals about the mooted closure of the tramway system.Foolscap sheet of plain paper, with rounded corners, with three newspaper cuttings, two letters to the Editor and The Courier, Ballarat editorial concerning the mooted closure of the Ballarat Tram system September. 1962. 1 - Tram abolition from "Concerned" - 15/9/62 2 - Save the Trams - W. E. Roff, Save the Trams Committee - 18/9/62 3 - Editorial - "Like chess, the next tram move's up to someone - 17/9/62 - about the politics behind the move, car used, passenger numbers and notes Cr. Roff. closure, letter to the editor, editorial, sec

Yields information about the view of The Courier, and locals about the mooted closure of the tramway system and reporting on the proposal in particular local views.Foolscap sheet of plain paper, with rounded corners, with 8 newspaper cuttings, concerning the mooted closure of the Ballarat Tram system March - March 1962. All from The Courier, unless noted otherwise. Most of the cuttings glued onto the sheet. 1 - 17/3/1962 - "Discussion on trams" - report and photo on the Save the Trams Committee - photo of J Restawick (Trades Hall), Cr. J E Tuppen (Sebastopol), S Miller (Pensioners Association), Cr Tom Evans, Vance Dickie, Cr W. E Roff (Ballarat), Robert Joshua, Murray Byrne, Gordon Scott. Refers to the front page story. 2 - "Unanimity in City (19-3-62), report on meeting and that the City would fight to retain the tramways 3 - "Need for Trams (20-3-62) - Senior Citizens wanted the tramway Mrs N Kierath reported 4 - "Mothers Join Tram Protest (20-3-62), Urquhart St School Mothers re tram 5 - "Trams and Buses" - W J Parsons, use of trolley buses, USA tram lines and extensions and H J Bromley - rather idiosyncratic letter. 6 - "DLP Back Councils" - local DLP support report. 7 - "Save the Trams" - trams help to support aged citizens. 8 - "Tram Deputation" - Bolte asked to receive a deputation from Ballarat and Bendigo Councils.closure, letter to the editor, editorial, sec, councils, city of ballaarat

Yields information about the view of The Courier, and locals about the mooted closure of the tramway system and reporting on the proposal in particular local views.Foolscap sheet of plain paper, with rounded corners, with 4 newspaper cuttings, concerning the mooted closure of the Ballarat Tram system March 1962. All from The Courier, unless noted otherwise. 1 - "Money for fight against tram edict" - 15-3-1962 - re raising funds for the fight - quotes the President of the local branch of the Pensioners Association Mr Barnett 2 - "Tramways" - 16-3-62 - two letters Henry Bromley - semi supportive, ideas and needs support and looks at Europe 40 years ago, Thomas Carter, former Motorman sets out the issues, suggests Govt runs for two years and sets up a body to run them. 3 - 17-3-62 - news item no headline, about the support local parliamentarians receiving a deputation of support from the Save the Trams Committee, lead by Cr. Roff looking for a subsidy, public inquiry. Vance Dickie MLC, Murray Byrne MLC, Gordon Scott MLA and Tom Evans MLA. 4 - "Trams and Gardens" - 17-3-62 - commenting on Mr. Bromley's letter.closure, letter to the editor, editorial, sec, parliament

Yields information about the view of The Courier, and locals about the mooted closure of the tramway system and reporting on the proposal in particular local views and the setting up of the Save the Tramway Committee.Foolscap sheet of plain paper, with rounded corners, with 4 newspaper cuttings, concerning the mooted closure of the Ballarat Tram system March 1962. All from The Courier, unless noted otherwise. 1 - "Tram Protests" - 4 letters - 10/3/62 - aged people, lack of a car, Council operated, buses not as good, alternatives 2 - "Tram Enquiry Likely"- Editorial - 12/3/1962 - reporting - government supporting an enquiry, alternatives, Geelong residents, bus operators and private enterprise. 3 - "Tram Questions" - 13-3-62 - set of 2 longer letters - one from an ex Tramwaymen - gives alternative control / operator system and one about political control. 4 - "Tram Fares" - 14/3/62 - would bus operators support the current fare system, pensioners etc - at the time it was an expense to the SEC.closure, letter to the editor, editorial, sec, parliament, fares

Yields information about the view of The Courier, and locals about the mooted closure of the tramway system and reporting on the proposal in particular local views and the setting up of the Save the Tramway Committee.Foolscap sheet of plain paper, with rounded corners, with 6 newspaper cuttings, concerning the mooted closure of the Ballarat Tram system March 1962. All from The Courier, unless noted otherwise. 1 - "Note of Warning" - 8/3/62 - from Mr. J J Sheehan regarding loss of jobs. 2 - "Tram Retention" - 8/3/62 - special committee of Council - notes Cr. Roff 3 - "Approach on tram issue" - 8/3/62 - noting that it was the SEC (Bolte) that had suggested the trams go - not Govt. Notes Tom Evans and Mr Scott at meeting. 4 - "Tramways Union says SEC Disregards Public" - 9/3/62 - about a letter from the Union to the Borough of Sebastopol. 5 - "Consideration for Public Enquiry" - 9/3/62 - Minister for Electrical Undertakings Mr Reid, responding to Mr Stoneham, Opposition leader about the proposal to close. 6 - "Tram Deputation Repeat Approach" - 10/3/62 - about a forthcoming meeting of the Save the Trams Committee meeting with the local Parliamentarians, traffic issues with buses to Wendouree.closure, letter to the editor, editorial, sec, parliament, fares

Yields information about the view of The Courier, and locals about the mooted closure of the tramway system and reporting on the proposal in particular local views and the setting up of the Save the Tramway Committee.Foolscap sheet of plain paper, with rounded corners, with 5 newspaper cuttings, concerning the mooted closure of the Ballarat Tram system March 1962. All from The Courier, unless noted otherwise. 1 - Untitled report - 8/3/62 - public meeting of 200 people, representatives from a number of bodies, Chair Cr Roff and Mr Courtney - formation of the Save the Trams Committee, including advice from Geelong and City of Launceston running its own transport system. Lists the committee's name. 2 - "Inquiry Decision Likely Today" - 8/3/62 - Quotes Mr Stoneham, Opposition Leader noting recommendation of Sir John Elliot that the MMTB should control all transport in Provincial cities and that Mr Bell Junior had recommended trolley buses. 3 - "Voice of the People" - 9/3/62 - Editorial supportive of public transport, ACT and NT subsidising, united voice. 4 - "Funds Needed for Tram Fight" - 9/3/62 - Cr Roff - seeking funds, not a large amount. 5 - Set of two letters 8/3/62 - about tramway operations, economics and administration.closure, letter to the editor, editorial, sec, parliament, trolley buses

Yields information about the view of The Courier, and locals about the mooted closure of the tramway system and reporting on the proposal in particular local views and the setting up of the Save the Tramway Committee and a meeting.Foolscap sheet of plain paper, with rounded corners, with 5 newspaper cuttings, concerning the mooted closure of the Ballarat Tram system March 1962. All from The Courier, unless noted otherwise. 1 - Untitled - 6-3-62 - reporting on the Council's reaction to possible closure, emphatically against - will protest, seeking meeting and surveys. 2 - "Trams or buses?" - 6-3-62 - re replacement buses - would they provide the same service? 3 - "Hands off the Ballarat Trams" - 6-3-62 - by May Stath of Perth writing that would not catch a Geelong bus in case they got lost, waited at station to return to Ballarat by train, lamenting loss of Geelong and Perth trams. 4 - "Protest on Trams" - Editorial 7-3-62 - supporting Council's actions on the trams and promoting the idea that people should protest as well. 5 - "Retain your trams" - advert for a meeting 7/3/62 - Signed R. Courtney of the Union.closure, letter to the editor, editorial, sec

Demonstrates a report into tram fares and tickets around Australasia.Report - 13 foolscap duplicated pages, stapled along the left hand edge, titled "Report of Sub-Committee on Fares and Sections appointed at Australasian Tramways Conference 1929" Reports on a questionnaire to 14 different systems - Bendigo considered the same as Ballarat for the purposes of the report. Looks at the Section and their average length, Overlapping sections, fares, children fares, Sunday and holiday rates, workmen's concession tickets, scholars', swimming tickets, blind passes, police officers, civil servants, municipal bodies, concessions to charitable institutions, defence force, boy scouts, state members and officials, employee's passes, periodical or prepaid tickets, specials charges, passenger luggage. Compares to the USA, flat fares, one man trams.Has "Mr Mawby" in ink on front cover and "Copy sent to Mr Old 22.7.30"trams, tramways, tickets, fares, sections, australasian tramway conference, ballarat

Yields information about the 1968 proposals to close both the Ballarat and Bendigo tramway systems by the state government.Series of newspaper clippings adhered to three quarto lined sheets about the 1968 attempt by the Victorian Government to close the Ballarat and Bendigo tramway systems. .1 - "Trams will go from two cities" - The Sun Friday 19/7/1968, about the Government's decision - gives reasons for the closure. .2 - "Protest over tram protest" - The Sun, 28/8/1968 - with a photo of No. 35 and that the Ballarat Save the Trams Committee not supporting a public protest meeting called by tramway employees. Also has cutting about the State cabinet being delayed by a good train breakdown, a Brisbane train strike and that Country considering the Underground is not vital. .3 - "The Country trams stay" - The Sun Thursday 3/10/1968 - about the Legislative Council not approving the motion to scrap the trams, Labor and Country party combined to defeat the motion. Also cutting on traffic changes to St Kilda Junction. Date of cutting has been taped onto the sheets.closure, ballarat, bendigo, parliament, st kilda junction, sec

Yields information about a tour by a Melbourne private schools tour to Ballarat in 1961 and the costs and the Schools club association.Magazine - 14 quarto pages, Gestetner duplicated stapled on left hand side titled "Railway Club Review Vol. 3, No. 4" with a photo of an VR AEC rail motor on the front. Contains a listing of the club committee, news from the various school club, coming trips, articles including a report on the trip to Ballarat and visiting the tram system. See also Reg items 6668 for the tour booking form and 2137 for a photograph of tram 32.trams, tramways, tours, vsrca, ballarat, booking form

Yields information about a social welfare or friendly society part of the Ballarat Tramways - group who looked after their fellow workers through contributions. Gives the rules of the 'The Ballarat Tramways and SEC Benefit Fund'Sixteen page with light brown light weight card covers, centre stapled book titled "The Objects, Rules and Regulations of 'The Ballarat Tramways and SEC Benefit Fund." Details the committee, that it was approved by the Department of Social Services, name, objects, constitution, trustees, executive, collectors, meeting of members, members qualifications, benefits (in pounds), claims, unfinancial members, payment of claims, the Secretary, alteration to constitution and Order of business. Note the membership allowed for any SEC employee in the district. President J. Young Secretary and Treasurer - R. McLannan Vice President A. Johnston and H. Knight Committee - R McLannan, H. Gilbert, A. Johnson, G. Millar, P. Hubbard, D. McLeod, L.Hoare, W. Edwards, W. Lyons, J. Young, H. Knight, E. Cartledge, T. Duke, W. Waight, C. Foster. Has a Alteration to the Rules, pasted into the inside front cover. No date. Document has the date Jan 24, 1947. Few of the committee names appear in the Employee data base, could be the original 1947 document, revised with the alteration. See also Reg item 3658 and 3657 for other versions. trams, tramways, social welfare, sickness, sec, ballarat

Photograph of the fundraising committee, and social function for The Most Popular Conductress Competition award, held on 30/9/1944 at the Ballarat City Rowing Club, after the formal announcement on 31/8/1944 at the Melbourne Town Hall ball.Demonstrates a photograph of the fundraising committee.Calendar - A4 landscape - wire bound produced for 2015.most popular conductress, sylvia mitchell, tramways, red cross, ballarat

Telegram from the Ballarat High School ladies committee, B Mason, congratulating Sylvia Mitchell - dated 1 Sep. 1944.Demonstrates a telegram congratulating Sylvia Mitchell.Telegram - typed on PMG Telegram paper - dated 1 Sep. 44most popular conductress, sylvia mitchell, tramways, red cross, ballarat, telegram, ballarat high school

Telegram from the Mr Pleasant Committee congratulating Sylvia Mitchell - 1/9/1944.Demonstrates a telegram congratulating Sylvia Mitchell.Telegram - typed on PMG Telegram paper - 1/9/1944most popular conductress, sylvia mitchell, tramways, red cross, ballarat, telegram

The State Electricity Commission of Victoria 1921 to 1993 was responsible for electricity generation in Victoria and the operation of three Provincial Tramways. It had a strong safety focus for the time. These certificates show the safety focus and the reporting of safety performance to employees and visitors.Demonstrates the safety record of the SEC Ballarat depot, has a strong association with the workers and Yields information about their performance and dates.Set of three Timber framed certificates, glass front, black painted side timber with brown paper or card or Masonite backing and masking tape around the edges, titled "Award of Honour - Industrial Safety", that the Tram Depot Ballarat had established a meritorious record for safe work with no lost time. Gives the period and the date of the away. Signed by the Manager - A. W. Linaker? or F. White and the Chairman of the Safety Committee "Wm K. Trusler". Screw holes in the top and the bottom of the frame centrally. .1 - dated 12-1-1962 for 1 year and 103 days. .2 -dated 19-6-1963 for 1 year and 155 days. .3 - dated 19-6-1964 - for 1 year.trams, tramways, depot, sec, safety, personnel

Poster - full colour printed on gloss paper, advertising the 1993 Begonia Festival March 5 - 14, 1993. Sponsored by Vic Health. Features the Town Hall in the poster.trams, tramways, begonia festival, city of ballarat, posters

Poster - full colour printed on gloss paper, advertising the 1998 Begonia Festival March 6 - 15, 1998. Has the theme "Come back to Ballarat." with a montage view of the Lake, Town Hall and Eureka banners.trams, tramways, begonia festival, city of ballarat, posters