The Optacon OPtical-to-TActile-CONverter is a compact, portable reading aid for the blind. It is about the size of a textbook, and weighs less than 2kg. It works by converting a printed image into a tactile image that a blind person can feel with one finger. After a period of training and practice, a blind person can use the Optacon to read ordinary books, magazines, newspapers, and other printed materials. The Optacon was developed after intensive research at Standford University, California, USA and was trialed by clients of the Royal Victorian Institute for the Blind (now part of Vision Australia) in 1973. It has three main sections: 1 a miniature camera, 2 an electronics section, and 3 a tactile stimulator array. The miniature camera, about the size of a pocket knife, is mounted in a housing that has rollers for easy movement along a line of print. The camera is connected to the electronics section by a lightweight cable. The electronics section and the tactile stimulator array are in the main chassis. The array consists of 144 tiny metal rods arranged in six vertical columns and 24 horizontal rows. Each of the rods can vibrate independently. The tips of these rods protrude through holes in a concave finger plate where the index finger is placed flat in order to read. These three components act together to convert the image of a printed letter or other shape into a pattern of vibrating rods, a tactile image of the letter or shape. The letter shape is tactually perceived as an image that moves from right to left on the finger, showing the left or leading edge of the letter first. Letters are felt sequentially rather than all at once, and the image should be kept moving. The Optacon converts a printed O into a tactile form that resembles a crater with a vibrating rim -- a completed circle. C would have a gap or opening on the right side of the curve. The letter F would be felt, sequentially, as a vertical line with two trailing horizontal lines. Because it can convert any ordinary printed image into a corresponding tactile image, the Optacon is not restricted to any special typestyle or language. The camera has a zoom lens that compensates for differences in the size of type. The standard Optacon lens can accommodate type sizes from 6 point to 20 point. With the optional F4A magnifier lens, type sizes as small as 4 point can be read. Powered by a rechargeable battery, and comes with its own battery charger. The battery is contained within the main chassis, and is not removable by the user. There are four basic controls on the Optacon: the Magnification Adjustment zoom button located on the camera section on the side opposite the rollers; and the On-Off switch, the Stimulator Intensity Adjustment knob, and the Threshold Adjustment knob located on the right side of the front panel. The Circuit Breaker protrudes from the right-hand wall inside the chassis compartment. From left to right when the back panel is facing you, are located: the jack for connecting the battery charger; the Battery Check button; the Normal-Invert switch; and the Input/Output I/O connector for use with the Visual Display, when using the Repeater Cable to connect two Optacons to one another or with other accessories. Designed not be removed from the leather case during normal operation, the On-Off switch is a slide switch located on the right side of the front panel. It slides up and snaps into place in the on position. 1 black with orange front, rectangular device in leather case assistive devices, audio equipment

The travel pass was used by NSW State Rail Authority to ascertain that the bearer was indeed a blind person and entitled to free travel. This example was numbered 4017 and was issued in the name of Mr N.L. Walker. It outlines what the named is authorised to obtain including 'Free Travel' which includes first or economy class, whichever is desired on State Rail Authority or Urban Transit Authority rail, bus and ferry services (except Hydrofoil) for journeys wholly within the stipulated N.S.W. areas and on Australian Government bus services in Canberra and also outlines details for 'Concession Travel'. 1 rectangular travel pass with blue cloth cover and black text On the cover of this Travel pass it states; 'N.S.W. Transport Authorities Blind Person's Permit, Including Attendant, Expires 30th June, 1982'. royal blind society of nsw, nsw state rail authority

A set of 70 (incomplete as full set believed to be 85 cards) black and white and colour stereoscopic charts, divided into series Includes geometric, pictorial and photographic examples of charts and Schlechteres Auge test. An instructional leaflet is also included. These featured images thought to strengthen the eye muscles.1 rectangular fawn cardboard box sleeve which contains specially printed cards with pictures and text6th editionequipment, emil hegg

The sewing palm was used by visually impaired workers in the mat making workshop at the Royal Victorian for the Blind Institute during the binding of mats to protect their palms from the 17cm-long curved mat making needle.1 leather folded band with indented metal square attached and leather lacing fastening at back assistive devices, employment

A hollow wooden box with an 8 pointed hole cut in top. A wooden block fits into the hole. The block is rectangular and one end has a straight bar along one side, the other end has two pointed parts on one side. There are no accompanying instructions.1 square light brown wooden box with block inserted assistive devices, education aids and devices

To encourage the development of audio books, a series of awards were established by the National Library of Australia in 1988, and sponsored by TDK from 1991 until their demise in 2000. Open to both commercial and non-commercial publishers, it aimed to recognise the quality achievements by individuals and publishing houses and to promote the inclusion of audio books into the mainstream market. In 1994 the winner of the Unabridged Fiction Category was "White Eye" by Louis Braille Books.1 wooden cassette box shaped like a book and with ability to hold cassettes insidelouis braille audio, awards, association for the blind

In 1987 a farewell was held for John Wicking, former President of the AFB. The presentation of a medal "Rara Avis" (rare bird) and on the reverse 'Nil Taurus excretis' (no bull excretement) was made to the bemused honouree. Upon the front face of the plate is an image of Mr Wicking wearing a name plate 'The Guiding Light', as he climbs an 'Association for the Blind' sign to reach the guiding light at the top. On the reverse is a drawing of a bull snorting.Medal chain with metal plate attached upon which paper images are pasted, either side of the plate is plastic gold braiding holding white painted wicker upon which 'Rara Avis' and 'Nil Taurus Excretis' has been Dymo labelled.john wicking, association for the blind

The Braille Lite harnessed the advantages of a computer to write in Braille and provides responses either in Braille or synthetic voice. Weighing around a kilogram, it was considered a lightweight notebook that also could be connected to other computers and stored Braille in it's inbuilt hardware. 1 beige rectangle with 7 raised buttons, a long space bar and refreshable braille display in black, held in a black plastic carrying case + printed instruction bookBraille Lite (R) Sticker attached over 'Blaze Engineering'.braille equipment, stephen jolley

A hard white plastic ball is currently (2015) used in Australia and it is slightly larger and has holes in it so sound can be released from the bottle tops and led weight. This ball has been in use since the beginning of the 2003/2004 season.1 white plastic cricket ball with metal bellsrecreation, assistive devices

The black nylon blind cricket ball was in use since 1974 until the end of the 2002/2003 season. It was hand woven around a wire frame, with lead for weight and bottle tops for sound placed inside.1 black nylon cricket ball with metal bellsrecreation, victorian blind cricket association

The plastic ball has bells inside to make it audible when it is hit by the rectangular wooden 'Swish bat'. 'Swish' is a fast, invigorating game, and was developed by blind people in Australia and has been played here for many years. It is played on both a recreational and competitive level; and allows blind, vision impaired and sighted people to compete on almost equal terms. Swish is like table tennis, but instead of hitting a ball over a net, the ball is hit under a net and must travel along the surface of the table. The net is at a height that so that those players with various degrees of sight do not have an advantage over blind players. Swish is either played as a doubles or singles competition. The game can be played from one game to the best of five, and the first to eleven or the advantage of 2 after eleven.1 swish ball with 26 holes containing 3 metal bellsrecreation, swish

The plastic ball has bells inside to make it audible when it is hit by the rectangular wooden 'Swish bat'. 'Swish' is a fast, invigorating game, and was developed by blind people in Australia and has been played here for many years. It is played on both a recreational and competitive level; and allows blind, vision impaired and sighted people to compete on almost equal terms. Swish is like table tennis, but instead of hitting a ball over a net, the ball is hit under a net and must travel along the surface of the table. The net is at a height that so that those players with various degrees of sight do not have an advantage over blind players. Swish is either played as a doubles or singles competition. The game can be played from one game to the best of five, and the first to eleven or the advantage of 2 after eleven.1 swish ball with 28 holes containing 4 metal bellsrecreation, swish

The wooden bat is used to play the game 'Swish' which is a fast, invigorating game, and was developed by blind people in Australia and has been played here for many years. It is played on both a recreational and competitive level; and allows blind, vision impaired and sighted people to compete on almost equal terms. Swish is like table tennis, but instead of hitting a ball over a net, the ball is hit under a net and must travel along the surface of the table. The net is at a height that so that those players with various degrees of sight do not have an advantage over blind players. The ball has bells in it to make it audible and it is about the size of a tennis ball and made of plastic with holes in it. Swish is either played as a doubles or singles competition. The game can be played from one game to the best of five, and the first to eleven or the advantage of 2 after eleven.1 light brown, wooden rectangular paddle or batting surface with a short handle recreation, swish

Collapsible white cane cylindrical in shape made from metal, plastic and rope. Handle is a red plastic textured moulding. Tip is also red with a red plastic protrusion. Shaft is painted white. Made in 5 sections. Internal rope holds the sections together. 5 metal/plastic pieces joined together with an elasticized cordassistive devices, orientation and mobility

This shorter white cane for a child with detachable, rotating ball tip, is more than just a stick that is used to alert others that they are blind or an early warning signal that a pathway is blocked. A cane actually allows a child who is blind access to four major developmental areas that are impacted the most due to the disability. A cane is a developmental tool that is imperative in neuro-development, sensory development, physical development, social development and emotional development of a child. 3 metal/plastic pieces joined together with an elasticized cordassistive devices, orientation and mobility

This white cane was included in the 1991 time capsule. It is a Royal brand cane and folds up into 4 sections. An elasticised handle loops around the wrist, when unfolded and in use. When folded, the handle loops around the 4 parts, keeping them folded.4 metal/plastic pieces joined together with an elasticized cordorientation and mobility, assistive devices

Cane is thick with walking stick handle to support weight as well as be an identification that the person using it is blind or vision impaired. It is white with a red tip on the lower part of the cane, a rubber grip on end and brown plastic handle.4 metal/plastic pieces joined together with an elasticized cordassistive devices, orientation and mobility

This collapsible cane is in four sections joined to each other by braided rubber tubing. Original paper wrapping has instructions on the outside including: 'The top section can easily be identified as it is the thickest of the four and is threaded with an elastic cord for carrying purposes'. An elasticized handle loops around the wrist, when unfolded and in use. When collapsed , the handle loops around the four parts, keeping them folded.4 metal/plastic pieces joined together with an elasticized cordassistive devices, royal national institute for the blind

This poster is advertising 'Royal Packaging and Assembly Ind' coir mats. There is a line drawing of a jester's legs and shoes and the tip of a jester's staff on a coir mat. 1 rectangular white poster with red and black text with illustration Royal Packaging and Assembly Ind. Coir Mats For the Home, Office, Factory, Hall, School. Woven Business Logos, Monograms, Lettering. Standard Sizes or Made to Order Acknowledged as Top of the Range Manufactured at our factory from the finest Indian coir Packaging and Assembly Ind. - the Industrial Division of the Royal Victorian Institute for the Blind Telephone: 5292211royal victorian institute for the blind, employment

This timepiece uses Braille to indicate the position of the numbers, which the wearer could then use to orient themselves and tell the time from the metal hands. The 12 position is indicated by three dots, with the 3,6,9 positions by two dots. The user would start with a finger at the centre of the face and work outwards to the end of each hand to determine position and hence be able to figure out the time. Since the watch is designed and made for touching, the metal hands are particularly robust.Silver pocket watch with Braille to indicate number position. Clock face = "Algex in Cabloc 17 jewels Swiss made" On back watch sticker "Ali".assistive devices, braille

Funds were raised for RVIB in the during the 1940's and 1950s by putting on concerts called 'Variety on Parade'. The ticket reads 'As a Thanksgiving for sight! Proceeds in aid of the Royal Victorian Institute for the Blind Babies, Children & Adults, St Kilda Road, Prahran, Melbourne'. It was held at the Public Hall, Buckrabanyule on Tuesday 2nd Sept. 1952 at 8pm. Admission was 3/6 and it was advised that 'New! Non-stop Variety Entertainment of Music, Mirth and Sensational Acts' would be experienced. 1 rectangular shaped concert ticket with black ink text Ticket no. 56 Ticket no. 57royal victorian institute for the blind, fundraising

This hand painted prosthetic eye would have been used for people who have had to have an eye removed due to damage or disease. The prosthesis fits over an orbital implant and under the eyelids. Often referred to as a glass eye, the ocular prosthesis roughly takes the shape of a convex shell. 1 prosthetic white glass eye with blue iriskerri wilson optical prosthetics, prosthetic eye

Wooden clock with embossed metal to mark hours as well as tactile hands. A metal plate fixed to the top has Braille as well as print. Door at the rear opens to reveal the clock's inner workings. Four metal balls on the base sit on two runners. Believed to have been created by St Dunstans.Wooden clock with metal hands, indicators and name plateSt Dunstans 1915-1965 (also written in Braille)assistive devices, st dunstans

Carols by Candlelight is a Melbourne institution, and these pins were sold to concert goers as a way of raising funds. The pin consists of a silver candle and candlestick with a red flame, surrounded by green holly leaves and red berries. Beneath the candlestick are the words 'Carols by Candlelight' in silver against a blue background.1 metal pin with painted colourscarols by candlelight, badges

To honour the commitment by its volunteers, the Royal Blind Society of New South Wales provided badges to commemorate 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 years of service. The badge consist of the relevant number in a centre circle, with the words 'Royal Blind Society' around the outside of the circle.Metal pins in various tones with numbersRoyal Blind Society Volunteerroyal blind society of new south wales, badges

To honour the commitment of its Auxiliary, badges were awarded to commemorate 10, 20 and 25 years of service. These consisted of a circle or oval with a gold lighthouse on a blue/green background and the words 'Auxiliary' in gold across the middle of the lighthouse. Around the outside, 'Royal Victorian Institute for the Blind' was written in gold' against a navy blue background, with the relevant number of years at the base of the badge or lighthouse.Metal pin with gold lighthouse and number of years servedroyal victorian institute for the blind, badges

Lapel pins were struck to recognise Association for the Blind volunteers. These consisted of the Association for the Blind symbol of a square (filled with horizontal lines crossed by two diagonal lines), in gold and a circle in the middle against a contrasting background. Around the outside in gold lettering is written 'Association for the Blind' and 'Volunteer' on a a dark background. Red background - 3 years of service Green background - 5 years of service Gold background - 10 years of serviceMetal pins of various coloured backgroundsassociation for the blind, badges

To recognise volunteers, lapel pins were struck by the Association for the Blind. These consisted of the Association for the Blind symbol of a Guiding Light (a round circle with two uneven triangles either side and a single line passing either side of the circle), in gold against various backgrounds. Around the outside in gold lettering is written 'Association for the Blind' and 'Honorary Service' on a a royal blue background. Red background - 3 years of service Green background - 5 years of service Gold background - 10 years of serviceMetal pin with Guiding Light image and writingAssociation for the Blind Honorary Serviceassociation for the blind, badges

To signify the various positions within the organisation to the sighted community, an assortment of badges were created identifying individuals and the roles they played. These consist of a rectangle with the position written in gold writing on a pale blue background and 'RVIB' written vertically in gold against a blue background to the side of the badge. People volunteering their time were called 'Voluntary Helper'Metal pin with gold writing on blue backgroundRVIB Voluntary Helperroyal victorian institute for the blind, badges

To identify AFB staff a silver badge was struck.. A type written card name is located below the main part of the badge, which consists of the guiding light symbol with black 'wings' and a white light, against a silver background. The words 'Association for the Blind' sit around the symbol, in silver lettering, on a black background. Silver and black guiding light logo with silver name plate underneath, some with paperMr. John Wicking (typewritten) Mrs. Janet Wicking (typewritten)association for the blind, badges