Showing 8447 items matching "arm-band"
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Mont De Lancey
Ice Cream Maker, Shepard's Lightning, Circa 1880
Cream is put in the metal drum, and in the surrounding space within the wooden bucket. A mixture of ice and salt is packed, turning the crank wheel rotated and paddle in the drum and mixed the cream as it froze within the encircling ice.Wooden assay barrel with two galvanised metal bands around it. Sealed inside is a cast iron drum for freezing the cream, with a cast iron hand-cranked handle and a wooden knob. Mechanism is attached to barrel with bolts and screws. Shepard's Lightning made in USA 6 oz. (On the churning mechanism) Pat. Sept 25 88, March 17 91, Feb 23 92 (On the Drum) 713 (On the Crank handle) -
Clunes Museum
Photograph
PHOTOGRAPHS OF 2 GIRLSONE OLDER GIRL IN WIDE BAND HAIR RIBBON WEARING BLACK DRESS & STOCKINGS. ONE LITTLE GIRL DRESSED IN WHITE WITH BLACK HAIR BOW. POSTCARD OLDER GIRL IS WEARING A WRISTWATCH. YOUNGER IS WEARING A BANGLE.POST CARD CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS ONLY KODAK AUSTRALIANlocal history, photography, photographs -
Moorabbin Air Museum
Uniform (item) - Royal Air Force Officers Service Dress Cap
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Brighton Historical Society
Dress, late 1920s
Worn by Dame Marie Breen DBE OBE, Federal Senator for Victoria and Brighton resident. A passionate member (and founder) of many community organisations and charities, Marie Freda Breen (nee Chamberlin, 1902-1993) had her first experience of public life when her husband Robert became Mayor of Brighton in 1940. She became involved in the fledgeling Liberal Party, and Robert encouraged her to run for office. Marie because Victoria's first female Federal Senator in 1962. In Parliament, she was a vocal advocate for women and families and supported building a stronger relationship between Australia and Asia. In 1965 she became the first woman to chair a Senate committee. Marie retired from politics in 1968, after Robert was badly injured in a car accident. He died shortly after and she re-dedicated herself to community service, raising funds for UNICEF and serving on the Victorian Consultative Committee on Social Development and the Australian Advisory Council of Elders. In 1959 she was appointed an Officer of the British Empire for her work in the role of State President of the National Council of Women (Victoria) and in 1979 she was appointed Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire. Marie and Robert had three daughters, one of whom, Jeannette Patrick, was the Liberal Member for Brighton (1976-1985) and Parliamentary Secretary of the Liberal Party, (1979-82).Sleeveless black cotton voile dress printed with large cream and apricot coloured roses. Dropped waist; bias-cut triangular draping applied to back neck; two horizontal bands of black voile inserted into skirt.dame marie breen, 1920s, liberal party of australia, australian senate, politics, robert breen -
Mont De Lancey
Domestic object - Flour Sifter, Magpie, Unknown
Modern flour sifters, as we know them, gained popularity in the 19th century, with patents awarded for flour sifters and sieve holders. They were used in the kitchen to aerate and remove lumps from flour.A vintage tin MAGPIE brand flour sifter with a shaped handle and a wooden knob. There are horizontal bands or lines indented around the sifter as well as the brand near the top. Wire mesh inside sifts the flour as the handle is turned.'MAGPIE' is indented inside a rectangular shape at the top.kitchenware, kitchen equipment, flour sifters, sieves -
Bendigo Military Museum
Certificate - CERTIFICATE, FRAMED, c.1964
FRANK THOMAS DUNPHY No 4485 enlisted in the AIF on 12.7.1915 in 14th reinforcements to 6th Batt age 22 years. Embarked for Egypt 28.1.1916, embarked for France 29.3.1916, hospitalised 7.9.1916 with varicose veins, while recovering was hospitalised again with mumps. Returned to unit 19.2.1917, WIA 5.10.1917 with GSW’s chest & right arm - severe, returned to Australia and discharged medically unfit on 1.10.1918.Frame. Timber, cream painted with glass front. Certificate. Black, white, blue, red & yellow ink, hand written certificate on beige paper. Battalion colour patch at the top & RSL badge at bottom with printed blue ink: 28th Day of October 1964. "From 6th Battalion AIF Social Club Bendigo - To Frank Thomas Dunphy Esq" Signed in black ink bottom RH: "Les Bennetts- R C Wright - W Green"documents - certificates, frame accessories, military history -
Wangaratta RSL Sub Branch
Uniform - Brassard, c1983
Camouflaged brassard issued to service personnel prior to leaving Australian shores on deployments. A brassard is an armband or piece of cloth or other material worn around the upper arm; the term typically refers to an item of uniform worn as part of military uniform or by police or other uniformed persons. Unit, role or rank badges or other insignia are carried on it instead of being stitched into the actual clothing. Army camouflage brassard with Australian flag patch.Australiabrassard, arm band -
Warrnambool and District Historical Society Inc.
Cloth, Anderson Tartan Warrnambool & District Pipes & Drums, late 20th century -1974
This is a sample of the material used for the kilts of the members of the Warrnambool and District Pipes and Drums. It was provided by Fletcher Jones and Staff Factory in Warrnambool. Warrnambool and District Pipes and Drums was originally founded as the Warrnambool Pipe Band in 1906 with the objective of popularizing Scottish music. Later this objective was altered to include the fostering of bagpipe music. The band’s tartan was firstly the Gordon tartan then the Cameron of Erracht tartan and today it is the Anderson tartan. Since its formation the group has won many State Titles and has performed well also at national competitions including winning the Grade 2 Australian Championship in 1992. This material is of interest as a sample of the material used for the kilts of the members of the Warrnambool and District Pipes and Drums, an important and long-established band in Warrnambool.This is a sample piece of tartan cloth of the Anderson Clan. The material was provided by the Fletcher Jones and Staff Factory in Warrnambool and used to make the kilts for the members of the Warrnambool and District Pipes and Drums. The pattern is in squares of blue, red, black, yellow, green and white. The sample has frayed edges.warrnambool and district pipes and drums, history of warrnambool, fletcher jones, tartan -
Kew Historical Society Inc
Photograph, Alexandra Gardens, c.1960
Rotunda, Alexandra Gardens (1910-c.1960). The Alexandra Gardens’ rotunda was located within three acres of ‘gem like’ gardens ‘bright with verdant lawns and choice blooms’ in the centre of Kew. Designed by architects Grainger and Little, the ornate two-storey wooden kiosk functioned as a children’s shelter on the ground level and a bandstand and oratory dais on the upper. Funded by council and community subscription, it was a ‘symbol of the public spirit of Victoria’ and a Kew Jubilee commemoration memorial. Opened in 1910, the Kew Brass Band christened it the ‘finest band rotunda in Melbourne’. Deterioration saw its demise 50 years later. This work forms part of the collection assembled by the historian Dorothy Rogers, that was donated to the Kew Historical Society by her son John Rogers in 2015. The manuscripts, photographs, maps, and documents were sourced by her from both family and local collections or produced as references for her print publications. Many were directly used by Rogers in writing ‘Lovely Old Homes of Kew’ (1961) and 'A History of Kew' (1973), or the numerous articles on local history that she produced for suburban newspapers. Most of the photographs in the collection include detailed annotations in her hand. The Rogers Collection provides a comprehensive insight into the working habits of a historian in the 1960s and 1970s. Together it forms the largest privately-donated collection within the archives of the Kew Historical Society.Lawn and original rotunda in the Alexandra Gardens, Cotham Road, Kew. The Alexandra Gardens were opened in 1908. The land on which the gardens were formed originally formed part of the Madford Estate. A feature of the gardens was a large brick, wood and tiled rotunda. "Alexandra Gardens. Formerly part of S. King. (Rest of Estate mainly belongs to St Anthonys home). Opened 1908. Alexandra Gardens. (Rotunda now demolished)"alexandra gardens, kew, dorothy rogers -
Bendigo Military Museum
Postcard - POSTCARD, VARIOUS, cWW1
Each postcard features handwritten anecdotes and letters to various people in R.H. Baron's family. Baron was a band member. Part of the "Robert H. Baron" (No. 3596) and Cooper Collections. See Catalogue No. 1981P for details of Baron's service.1. Coloured drawing of a Stately house with motor car, people and a horse in foreground. 2. Coloured drawing of a couple walking through an avenue of trees. 3. Black and white photograph of a church with square tower. 4. Coloured photograph of a mill building and adjacent body of water. 5. Black and white photograph of a row of buildings fronting an unsealed road. 6. Sepia toned photograph of a large stately three storey house.1. Handwritten in black ink on back: 'Letter to Doris written by R.H. Baron - dated 14 July 1918'. Picturesque, Wiltshire, Charlton House, near Malmsbury. 2. Picturesque Wiltshire Avenue, Savernake Forest. Handwritten in black ink on back: 'Letter to R.H. Baron's sisters and brothers.' 3. St. Mary's Church, Motcombe, Dorset. Handwritten in black ink on back: 'We played at a service at this church last Sunday night (1/12/18), Bob xxx' 4. Worplesdan, Rickford Mill, Handwritten in black ink on back: ' Letter to Alf from R.H. Baron.' 5. Crown Inn, etc. Hartley Row. Handwritten in black ink on back. 'Anecdote signed by Bob (R.H. Baron)'. 6. Longleat House. Handwritten in black ink on back; 'We were playing at a dance at this place a few weeks ago. We had a splendid time. It is near Bath, Bob'.robert h. baron, cooper collection, postcards, ww1 -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Book, Under Furred Hats (6th Light Horse Regiment), 1919
6th Light Horse Regiment was raised in New South Wales in 1914 and served at Gallipoli, Sinai, Palestine and Syria. The regiment wore wallaby skin hat bands instead of cloth puggarees, hence the reference to furred hats.A rare first edition of a regimental history. It was told and published immediately after the war so gives an authentic and unvarnished account of the experience of a relatively small group of young men from New South Wales during their four years at war.Hardback book; 1st edition. Written by Lieutenant G L Berrie 6th Light Horse Regiment AIF. Published by W C Penfold and Company Ltdbook, light horse -
Damascus College
Photograph, St Patrick's Day Parade Ballarat C1940
A St Patrick's Day parade was held each year in Ballarat. The parade included decorated floats, marching bands and groups of local Catholic school children. Approximately 120 SHC students marched in uniform with military precision.st patrick's day, ballarat, catholic, convent of mercy -
Beaufort Historical Society
Photograph - Group Photograph, Queen Carnival June 1936
Queen Carnival 1936. Carnival held to raise funds for Beaufort Town Band. From left Shirley McDonald, Lorna Anderson, Jean Day, Dulcie Parker (Wattle Queen), Marg Kewley, Audrey Anderson. 0Glossy hand tinted photo of 6 ladies and 3 girls dressed in evening attire and wearing tiarasLeft Shirley Dawson née McDonald Audrey Anderson Marg Kewley Dulcie Parker Jean Day Lorna Anderson Shirley McDonald beaufort, beaufort people -
Tatura Irrigation & Wartime Camps Museum
Instrument - Cornet, Brass Cornet
After WW1 the Wilhelma Templer village bought ex WW1 German Armed Forces Brass instruments for their own Brass Band. The Treaty of Versailles forbade Germany from having more than a 10,000 man army thus creating a flood of unwanted instruments with no one having cash to buy them. With the deportation in August 1941 by the British Mandate of most Templers from Palestine to Australia, one of the young bachelors, Gustav Reichert, obtained permission to bring these instruments to Tatura. This he did and, in Camp 3, a band was reformed to entertain members of both internees and often, Camp Authorities. Gustav enjoyed playing the double brass with the Melbourne Templer Brass Band in the 1960-1970's. The above instruments have semi-rotary valves, as traditionally French Horns do, unlike most Anglosaxon bands, where piston valves are used almost exclusively. Yet in German the name Piston is commonly used for cornet. Though battered, these instruments are all still serviceable for their intended use, some more so than others. Their canvas carry bags offered little protection. The group comprised 1 double bass, 1 Euphonium, 1 valve bass trombone, all in C, 3 baritones in Bb (German tenor horns), 3 cornets in Bb, 1 soprano cornet in Eb, in all 11 instruments. Some of the got "lost".Brass cornet with a canvas carry bag.brass instruments, wilhelma templer village, camp 3 band, gustav reichert -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Clothing - LADIES GREY BLAZER
Ladies grey blazer worn by Heather Pain as Pipe Major of the Ladies Pipe Band Bendigo. Grey woollen single breasted blazer. Grey satin lining across shoulders at back. Long sleeves lined with yellow and black striped cotton fabric. Body of blazer unlined. Three pockets on front-one on either side at hip level. One LHS breast pocket with red embroidery shield containing thistles, leaves and crossed swords. The pocket has a 1cm tartan bans across the top. Hip level pockets and lower sleeves have 1.5cm bands of red corded ribbon. Front opening is fastened with two X 2cm grey plastic buttons. Internal seams edged with brown satin ribbon.Red embroidery on breast pocket ""Ladies Highland Pipe Band''.''Bendigo embroidered inside an embroidered banner.Label at back of neck- ''ASHMANS'' The Home of Better Suits, Hargreaves Street Bendigo''. Label attached to lining across shoulders (^cmX6.5cm).Picture of shield with tailor's tools and words, Ashmans, The Home of Better Suits, Hargreaves st Bendigo. Label stitched inside right front Ashmans Hargreaves St., The Home of Better Suits. Miss H. Pain 8141 6/9/55''.costume, female, ladies grey blazer. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Book - INNER WHEEL CLUB SOUTH BENDIGO COLLECTION: BLUE ALBUM 1979 - 1981
Blue mottled photo album with vertical gold embossing 9cm from the right edge. A small blue and gold circular decal on the front. It has four bands, two are dark blue and two are gold and the centre is gold. The gold bands and centre have a u shaped decoration. The inner blue band has Inner Wheel printed in gold on it. Below is a white sticker with Inner Wheel Club of Bendigo South History 1979 - 1981. In the bottom left corner is another sticker with 1979 - 1981 written on it. Inside the front cover is written - To The Inner Wheel Club of Bendigo South On the Occasion of your Charter May 6 1980 From The Inner Wheel Club of Box Hill. Album contains newspaper cuttings, Inaugural Meeting notes, photos, Charter Members, Presidents Reports, Financial Statements, Programmes, and Minutes of the First Annual Meeting.bendigo, clubs, inner wheel club south bendigo, inner wheel club south bendigo: blue album 1979 - 1981, jenette dawson -
Warrnambool and District Historical Society Inc.
Buttons and Badges, Major Charles Rogers
These badges and buttons belonged to Major Charles Rogers, a well known Warrnambool personality of the 1930s, 40s and 50s. He was a Light horseman who was in the Guard of Honour for the Duke of Gloucester in 1934 when he opened the Melbourne Shrine of Remembrance during the Victorian Centenary Celebrations. In Warrnambool he was a well known horseman leading parades and celebrations and judging equine events for the Warrnambool Agricultural Show. He died in 1961, These items are of interest as they belonged to Major Charles Rogers an important 20th century Army person. Rectangular piece of white cardboard through which the badges and buttons are secured with variously string and clear adhesive tape. 002261.1 Brass wreath of leaves and berries surrounding an upright kangaroo links to an arc shaped band with text . The wreath has an inverted arc with text at its base. 002261.2 An inverted brass arc with AUSTRALIA between two narrow bands 002261.3, .4 Brass rising sun badge with crown ,two scrolls with text, and inverted band 002261.5, .6, .7 Brass crown featuring raised decoration including fleur- de- lis and small small knobs. The crown has an open section through which red velvet like material is visible. 002261.8 Brass button featuring a raised map of Australia and crown with text 002261.9 As for .8 but larger 002261.10 Identical with .8 On cardboard in hand writing Buttons & Badges Major Charles Rogers .1 PREST D 'ACCOMPLIER LIGHT HORSE .2 AUSTRALIA .3 , .4 AUSTRALIAN COMMONWEALTH MILITARY FORCES .5,.6,.7 Nil .8, .9, .10 AUSTRALIAN MILITARY FORCES. major charles rogers, light horse, australian military forces -
Bendigo Military Museum
Memorabilia - Fortuna Pipes and Drums Request for Donation, PSJ Barker, Secretary Fortuna pipes and Drums, 06.08.1995
This is a document requesting a donation for the Fortuna Pipes and Drums for the update of some of their equipment. The members of the band are shown and named in the accompanying photo. Information about the Fortuna Pipes and Drums is also in Valerie Loyejoy's book " Mapmakers of Fortuna, A History of the Army Survey Regiment" ISBN 0-646-42120-4 and included in the Victorian Collection as item 6000. The Band was originally formed in 1993 from members of the local Masonic Lodge and first played for the Survey Corps Day Parade in 1994 after a request from the then RSM WO1 Phil Meagher. The Army was able to provide the original "Black Watch" tartan kilts. Using an original Survey Corps Badge c. 1915 provided by former WO1 Keith "Aki" Barber, a number of replica metal Survey Corps theodolite badges were struck and used along with the purple Survey Corps lanyard by the band. The Fortuna Pipes and Drums continued to actively support the Army Survey Regiment until its disbandment in 1996.A 4 x Page letter, A4 Pages, Typed document, PhotocopyAddressed to Mr Tony Spurling, Manager Technical Services, Army Svy Regt, Fortunaroyal australian survey corps, rasvy, fortuna, army survey regiment, army svy regt, asr -
Bendigo Military Museum
Photograph - PHOTOGRAPHS 38th BN, Post 1920
.1) William Edgar Stanbury No 997 enlisted on 26.2.1916 age 21 years in C Coy 38th Bn AIF, embarked for England 20.6.1916, hospital at sea with Measles, embarked for France 22.11.1916, WIA GSW to hand 8.6.1917, rejoin unit 5.8.1917, awarded “MM” 4.10.1917, made L/Cpl 8.11.1917, WIA 2nd occasion 31.8 1918 wounds to leg & chest, embark for Australia 25.1.1919, discharged from the AIF 30.4.1919. “MM” Military Medal East of Ypres. Being held up by 2 enemy machine gunners and on his own initiative worked forward sniping the gunners enabling others to advance and capture the garrison of 2 Officers and 20 OR’s. Throughout the day exhibited great coolness and disregard of self and by his skilful sniping enabled his Platoon to advance against other enemy strongpoints. .2) Stanbury seated, Leslie W Clark standing (Possibly 2087 Leslie William Clark) .3) Stanbury right Photos B & W, soldiers in uniform, studio background. .1) Edgar Stanbury standing, L/Cpl stripe on arm, “MM” ribbon on jacket. .2) Leslie Clark standing, Edgar Stanbury sitting. .3) Unknown on the left, Edgar Stanbury on the right, “MM” ribbon on jacket.photographs, 38th bn, “mm”, c coy -
Glenelg Shire Council Cultural Collection
Photograph, Silo construction, n.d
Port of Portland Authority ArchivesBack: September 3 in pencilport of portland -
Halls Gap & Grampians Historical Society
Photograph - Sepia, C 1908
Thomas E. Walter and family C.1908. Back (L to R): Edgar Walter, Elsie Walter, Ralph Walter (all children of Thomas Walter and his first wife, Elizabeth Cook). Front: Thomas E Walter with Eva May Walter, Cecil R. Walter and Marian Anna Walter (nee Neate), Thomas' second wife (married 1903), with Gwendoline Walter (b. 1908). Taken in Grampians when Thomas had a sawmill near "The Chimney Pots".Eight family members. Two women, one standing & one sitting holding a baby; three men, two standing and one sitting holding the arm of a little girl; the little girl is holding the hand of a little boy. All standing in front of a weatherboard building. A few fernspeople, walter -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - PORTRAIT OF A LADY
Small portrait of a lady seated on a chair with her left arm resting on a table. She is wearing a long, high neck dress with a full skirt and large sleeves. She is also wearing a head dress with a frilled edge and wide bow under her chin. No photographer's name.photograph, portrait, female, portrait of a lady -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - PORTRAIT OF A LADY
Portrait of a lady wearing a pale voluminous dress with a large bow at her neckline. The bow has been painted pink and there is also some pink on her cheeks. She is seated at a table with her left arm resting on it. It has a book and a cloth on it which have been coloured.photograph, portrait, female, portrait of a lady -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - FEMALE PORTRAIT, Ca 1900?
photograph mounted on cream board. Studio portrait of young woman standing. Hair plaited and wound up on top of head. Corsage of daisies on subjects left front shoulder. Leaning on arm of chair. 'Chuck: Gold medallist, Londoin/Queen Studio/Sandhurst' printed on front of photo.Chuck, Sandhurstperson, individual, female portrait -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Photograph, Engineers at work Vietnam 1968, 1968
Coloured photograph,print in black frame with mushroom brown mat under glass.Photograph depicts a hovering helicopter and a crane arm. Engineers constructing a tower, four men work on top of the towers legs. Several others on the ground. Background helicopter holding / moving part of contruction piece.My Vietnam Collection Engineers at work.- Vietnam 1968.Copyright John Dalton Gift Horse Gallery / Fine art / original works by local and interstate artists professional picture framers.CRN Paxton St. 130 Main North Rd, Clare SA 5453.Phone / Fax/ Mob.photograph, engineers, helicopter -
Hume City Civic Collection
Clothing - Dress - Inmates
Garment was worn by female patients at the Sunbury Asylum.Inmate's dress in off-white canvas (?) with red stripe (blue stripe on left arm only). Round neck with front reinforcement and added panel and binding in cream cotton. Bodice and skirt pleated into waistband. Back opening to thigh level with three pairs of button-stitched eyelets.costume, sunbury asylum, george evans collection -
Nillumbik Shire Council
Sculpture: Matcham SKIPPER, George Dreyfus Composer, 1987
Eltham was a creative hub during the twentieth century, attracting innovative visual artists, architects, writers and film makers to collaborate, forging lifelong friendships and artistic legacies. Skipper produced this bronze sculpture of friend, Composer George Dreyfus for the then Shire of Eltham Art Award. Matcham Skipper (b.1921 NZ - d. 2011 Melb.) was a renowned local sculptor, jeweller and builder and an accomplished teacher, designer, ironworker, and photographer. His work is held by many museums and public collections in Australia and overseas. He was a long term resident of Montsalvat in Eltham with his family deeply involved in the building and evolution of this artists colony, which was the vision of architect and painter Justus Jorgensen. George Dreyfus (b.1928 Germany - arrived 1939 Aus) is an Australian contemporary classical, film and television composer. He has composed numerous film and television scores, including Tim Burstall's 'The Adventures of Sebastian the Fox' (1963), 'A Steam Train Passes' (1974), 'Rush' (1974), 'Dimboola' (1979) and 'The Fringe Dwellers' (1986). It was the score for 'Rush' which brought him wider recognition. He has written four operas, two symphonies, chamber music and film scores spanning five decades. Dreyfus is well known for having worked with the late director, writer and producer Tim Burstall, a key figure in Australian postwar cinema and local who lived in Eltham. Burstall was instrumental in rebuilding the Australian film industry in the 60s, creating groundbreaking Australian films including 'Stork' and 'Alvin Purple'. Figurative bronze bust of well known Australian composer George Dreyfus. He is wearing a shirt underneath a sweater. His left arm/hand is placed over his chest. His eyes are half closed as if immersed in the music. A green patina can be seen in areas on the sculpture. Signature and date cast (incised with tool) onto the back shoulder blade: 'MATCHAM SKIPPER 1987'ek prac 2015, montsalvat, eltham, george dreyfus, matcham skipper, bronze, bust, tim burstall, sculpture, rush -
Stawell Historical Society Inc
Photograph, Grampians Community Health Centre photo of Mrs Val Potter nee Hemley
B/W copy from Grampians Community Health Centre Book Val is sitting in front of an easel with a paint brush in her right hand painting a canvas. She is wearing a floral shirt and has a bracelet on her right arm. There is a cupboard in background with children's paintings on the wall. -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Container - Wool Container, c1950
Green plastic round container in two equal parts - on fitting into the other. Used to hold a ball of wool. A hole in the top allowed the wool to thread through whilst knitting. Original it would have had ribbon through the top so that could be hung from the knitter's arm.handcrafts, knitting -
Lakes Entrance Historical Society
Photograph - Carpentertown, 1920c
Copied from a copy in possession of J WhadcoatBlack and white photograph showing view of seven cottages on dunes. View of several boats at jetties and on slipway, white shed on New Works wharf, Cunninghame Arm in front of cottages, part of Bullock Island showing some vegetation and one telegraph pole. Lakes Entrance Victoriawaterways, islands, settlement