Doing it the hard way, that is, by hand.Five cast iron Apple Corers, hand operated. Four with a wooden handle.apple corers

Cast iron/steel assay lathe potato peeler with two wooden handles.potato peelers

Cast iron, hand-cranked bean shredder, with a wooden handle, on a wooden base.bean slicers

Cast iron shoe last with instep slide slide and grove No instep mould(*9 on upper toe, 2 cast indentations on outside of foot, 1 on inside of foot, 1 on upper toe, 2 on sole of foot

Cast iron shoe last with instep slide and instep grove in foot space6 DD on toe, 2 cast holes on sole, 1 cast hole on upper toe, 2 cast holes on right bunion side

This Can opener was used at the Bandiana Golf Club near Wodonga. Bonzer was a trademark of Mitchell & Cooper of England. Alfred Mitchell & Arthur Cooper started as silversmiths and engravers in 1879 in East London. The family owned business is still operated by Guy Cooper, great grandson of Arthur Cooper. Bandiana Army Golf Club 18 hole course opened in 1949. The Club reached its highest membership with 400 members in the late 1980s. Members played their last competition at this course on 30th October 2103.This utensil was used at the Bandiana Army Golf Course near Wodonga.Cast iron commercial can opener with rotating handle including a red knob.Underneath base plate "THE BONZER /TRADEMARK/ CATERER'S/ CAN OPENER/ MADE IN ENGLAND"caterers' utensils, kitchen utensils

The basic balance scale has been around for thousands of years and its accuracy has improved dramatically over the last several centuries, the principle behind this tool remains unchanged. Its parts include a fulcrum, a beam that balances on it, a pan at the end of the beam to hold the materials to be weighed, and a flat platform at the other for the counter-balancing weights. Balance scales that require equal weights on each side of the fulcrum have been used by everyone from apothecaries and assayers to jewellers and postal workers. Known as an unequal arm balance scale, this variety builds the counterweight into the device. Counter scales used in dry-goods stores and domestic kitchens often featured Japanned or (blackened) cast iron with bronze trims. Made by companies such as Howe and Fairbanks, the footed tin pans of these scales were often oblong, some encircled at one end so bulk items could be easily poured into a bag. Seamless pans were typically stamped from brass and given style names like Snuff (the smallest) and Birmingham (the largest). Some counter scales were designed for measuring spices, others for weighing slices of cake. In the 18th century, spring scales began to appear and would use the resistance of spring to calculate weights, which are read automatically on the scale’s face. The ease of use of spring scales over balance scales. One of the most common types of spring scales was the kitchen scale also known as a family or dial scale. Designed for horizontal surfaces, these vintage kitchen scales used the weight of goods in a pan at the top of the scale to force the spring down rather than the balance system. Such scales were common in early 20th century households and were sold by many companies. Many had flat weighing surfaces but some were topped by shallow pans. Companies such as Salters, Chatillon, and Fairbanks were the most popular brands used. These scales are significant as they identify one of the basic preparation items for the weighing of foodstuff in the family kitchen to prepare everyday meals. This item is significant as it gives a snapshot into domestic life within the average home in Australia around the turn of the twentieth century and is, therefore, an item with social relevance. Black cast iron, medium weighing scales, with a fulcrum which the beam that balances on, there is as scoop at one end for the material to be weighted and a flat circular disc at the other end that holds the weights. Around the cast iron base is an embossed leaf pattern. All the weights have their weight embossed within the casting.There are 5 weights, marked 2 oz, 4 oz,8 oz,1 lb,2 lb, This scale does not have any visual markings on the arms to identify a maker or true balance. It is therefore assumed that these scales were made for domestic use only.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, spring scale, scale

Cream is put in the metal drum, and in the surrounding space within the wooden bucket. A mixture of ice and salt is packed, turning the crank wheel rotated and paddle in the drum and mixed the cream as it froze within the encircling ice.Wooden assay barrel with two galvanised metal bands around it. Sealed inside is a cast iron drum for freezing the cream, with a cast iron hand-cranked handle and a wooden knob. Mechanism is attached to barrel with bolts and screws. Shepard's Lightning made in USA 6 oz. (On the churning mechanism) Pat. Sept 25 88, March 17 91, Feb 23 92 (On the Drum) 713 (On the Crank handle)

A meat grinder or mincer was used for mincing or fine chopping of raw or cooked meat, fish, vegetables or similar food. It replaced tools like a mincing knife.A vintage cast iron mincer with a wooden handle attached to the long cast iron handle. It can be screwed to a table or bench, secured tightly by a two pronged claws. It has a funnel at the top for the meat to be pushed into the mechanism which when the handle is turned operates the inner mechanism which forces the minced meat out through a side opening. The cast iron handle is curved.British Made National. 25domestic objects, kitchen equipment, cooking equipment, meat grinders, meat mincers

Black cast iron company seal for Deborah United Gold Mining Company used for official documents including shares, black enamelled cast iron with gold trim, painted on one side Deb United in white paint.gold mines, mining equipment, company seal, bendigo-companies-gold mines- deborah united

A meat grinder or mincer was used for mincing or fine chopping of raw or cooked meat, fish, vegetables or similar food. It replaced tools like a mincing knife.A vintage cast iron mincer with a brown wooden handle attached to the long cast iron handle. It can be screwed to a table or bench, secured tightly by a two pronged claws. It has a funnel at the top for the meat to be pushed into the mechanism which when the handle is turned operates the inner mechanism which forces the minced meat out through a side opening. The cast iron handle is curved.'No 3 Scandia'domestic objects, kitchen equipment, cooking equipment, meat grinders, meat mincers

Used to weigh goods in a shop or farming produce store.Imperial weights were used prior to decimalisation. Weights were used to weigh goods prior to packaging.Cast iron solid circular weights with rim around circumference and slightly narrower at the base.Largest - 4 lb Middle - 4 lb (None on smallest)weights. shop. store. scale.

Cyrus Chambers was a self-described mechanic who started out winding bobbins in his father's woollen mill and went on to invent machines that changed their industries. Cyrus Chambers came from Quaker parents the ninth of thirteen siblings, he once said a year before his death. “I believe I have succeeded because, first, I was industrious; second, because I made a study of the subject that was before me.” At age 7, Chambers went to work in his father’s mill. His job was to monitor bobbins—wooden spindles around which thread was wound and to remove and replace them as they became full. "There was no child labour law at that time," he later recalled. Chambers loved machinery and always regarded himself as a mechanic rather than an inventor. At age 16, Chambers was sent to learn dentistry with an older brother, (Edwin) who was already in the field and willing to take him on as an apprentice. Chambers was talented at working with small parts. He used his brother's dental instruments to build a miniature high-pressure steam engine of silver. It ran at 3,000 revolutions per minute and weighed less than a half-ounce. At that time it was the smallest engine that had ever been constructed. The engine was displayed at the 1876 Centennial and is now in a permanent collection at the Franklin Institute USA. Chambers major invention was the paper folding machine and came from reading that school teachers made less than the young girls who were employed to fold book pages as they came off the press. He told friends that his first efforts were to make the machine that would fold newspapers after demonstrating his device he met with Horace Greeley of the New York Tribune who advised Chambers would never invent the machine that would be able to fold his newspaper or books. In less than a year Chambers had built a full-size machine capable of folding large newspapers and books and was installed at J B Lippincott & Co folding pages for the "Comly Speller" this machine ran successfully for twenty-five years until the printing works burnt down. Chambers then went into partnership with a brother and they established the firm "Chambers, Brother & Co" at a plant in Philadelphia. It was also observed in 1910 and a fact that there was not a periodical or newspaper printed or recently published book that had not gone through one of Chambers inventions. Chambers went on to produce many mechanical inventions and improvements to existing tools and machinery most notable was his invention for the machine that would make clay bricks. This machine made forty bricks per hour and by the end of Chambers life after many improvements, it could make more than four hundred. Although there were a large number of bold cutters made of this patent at Cyrus Chamber’s foundry in Philadelphia, the item is associated with a notable American inventor of the nineteenth century. This particular patent for a bolt and rivet cutter won Chambers the prestigious Elliott Cresson Medal. This cutter is just one of the many inventions and mechanical improvements that Cyrus Chambers made during his lifetime, contributing to the ongoing development of mechanical improvements that were occurring in American industry of the time and therefore a notable addition to the Flagstaff collection.Cast iron bolt cutter with removable tempered steel cutter. Chambers New No. 2.Raised embossed lettering on cast body of cutter "New No 2" on one side, "Chambers Bros & Co" on the other sideflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, cyrus chambers, bolt cutter, paper folding machine, brick making machine, elliot cresson, elliot cresson medal, franklin institute, gold medal, rivet cutter

Cast Iron Shoe or Boot Stretcher patented 19th December 1882. Inscription on object. " patented 19th December 1882.”flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, shoe stretcher, boot stretcher, shoe maker

The subject item is a saw blade sharpening clamp that attaches to a bench allowing the operator to sharpen the teeth on a saw with a file while keeping the saw blade in an upright position. Henry Disston (1819–1878) began his career as an American saw maker in Philadelphia. He emigrated from England in 1833 and started making saws and squares in 1840. In 1850, he founded the company that would become the largest saw maker in the world the ”Keystone Saw Works” on the Delaware River. Some five years later, Disston built a furnace possibly the first melting plant for steel in America and began producing the first crucible saw steel ever made in the United States. While his competitors were buying good steel from Britain, he was making his own, to his specification, for his own needs. Disston subsequently constructed a special rolling mill exclusively for saw blades. Over the following decade, the Disston company continued to grow, even while dedicating itself to the Union Army's war effort. In 1865, when his son Hamilton Disston rejoined the business after serving in the Civil War, Disston changed the company's name to Henry Disston & Son. Henry Disston and his sons set the standards for American saw makers, both in terms of producing high-quality saws and developing innovative manufacturing techniques. Disston also started making files in 1865. In September 1872, Henry Disston and two other men dug a part of the foundation for what was to become the largest saw manufacturing facility in the world: Disston Saw Works. This was in the Tacony section of Philadelphia. Having previously moved his expanding business from near Second and Market Streets to Front and Laurel Streets, Disston sought to establish his business away from this cramped area. It took over 25 years to move the entire facility to Tacony. This Philadelphia neighborhood seems to have been the only company town in the United States established within an existing city. At its peak of operations, Disston Saw Works employed 8,000 people and the factory covered 300 acres. The company, known as Henry Disston and Sons, Inc by the early 20th century, cast the first crucible steel in the nation from an electric furnace in 1906. The firm's Armour plate building near Princeton Avenue and Milnor Street contributed tremendously to the World War II effort. But the company's innovation and industriousness would not last forever. In 1955, with mounting cash-flow problems and waning interest on the family's part to run the firm, Henry Disston and Sons were sold to the H.K. Porter Company of Pittsburgh. Porter's Disston Division was sold in 1978 and became the Henry Disston Division of Sandvik Saw of Sweden. This division was then sold in 1984 to R.A.F. Industries of Philadelphia and became known as Disston Precision Incorporated, a maker of specialized flat steel products. In 2013, R.A.F. Industries sold Disston Precision Inc. in a private sale. Although the company has ceased making Disston handsaws, the Disston brand name still exists in this firm. A significant American company that pioneered the making of high-quality steel and saws along with other tools and accessories. The subject item is significant as it was made at a time when the company was in its hay day. Adjustable Ball & Socket Saw Sharpening vice, cast iron, with clamp to attach to a workbench. Made by Henry Disston & Co. No 1 painted greyflagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, saw clamp, henry disston & sons, saw sharpening, tool accessories, wood saws

The bell was used by the Port Melbourne Football Club for the start and finish of games, not used for many years.Cast iron bell with "clanger" and hook, red in colour, at least 100 years old.sport - australian rules football, societies clubs unions and other organisations, port melbourne football club, pmfc

Silvesters Patent number 5 cast iron flat iron. Estate of E. ShermanSilvesters Patentdomestic equipment, laundering, iron, estate of e. sherman

Metal Shovel - 59cm. Rusted cast iron with ornate handle and broken shovel end

Builders Number 4767 Used for steam engine driving instruction at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology build date of approximately 1884 +/- 1 year. worked out from http://www.internationalsteam.co.uk/mills/burmamill22.htm Donated by The Royal Melbourne Institute of technology in 1969 Of Interest : The Vertical and Horizontal Tangye engines on display are of the design that won a Gold Medallion at the Paris Industrial Exhibition of 1878.Historic - Industrial Steam Engine EquipmentSteam Engine - Cast Iron (painted) Steel (raw) Bronze (Raw) Timber (Oiled)Tangye Birminghampuffing billy, steam, rmit, tangye, horizontal engine

Cast iron railway bolt used to fasten the railway track to the wooden sleepers below.Nonerailway bolt, wensleydale railway, sleeper bolt, rail track fastener

Wandin Thomas Sebire JP (1867-1960) learnt boot-making as a young man. In a small workshop on his property in Sebire Avenue, Wandin he made boots for family, friends & neighbours. He also repaired boots & made other small leather articles. Bootmaking is a complex process requiring a variety of tools. The leather is cut to shape, glazed & burnished (polished) with heated irons. The pieces are stretched onto, & nailed to, a wooden last to form the boot. Once attached to the insole, the boot is finished on a metal last. Uppers are stitched with waxed thread through holes made with an awl. Heels comprise pieces nailed together & neatened with a heel shave. Metal plates, short nails or hob nails driven into the sole & heel, often in a pattern, improved durability.Cast iron Heel plate. Miscellaneous Sole plates. Hobnails and a tin of wooden sprigs.bootmaking tools, nails

Cast iron and tinplate static type knife cleaner, with 'chamois' in between for knife cleaning."Commonsense"knife cleaners

'Magic' Cast iron marmalade cutter with a hand-cranked wood handle, on a wooden base.'Das neue Schalnunder DRP'fruit slicers

The Wodonga Sewerage Authority identification tag is part of the collection of objects donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by the North East Region Water Authority in 2001. In 1983 the Wodonga Waterworks Trust and the Wodonga Sewerage Authority became part of the Wodonga Council. By 1989 a filtration plant at Huon Hill was completed, which provided filtered water of improved quality to Wodonga, in accordance with the World Health Organisation’s guidelines. In 1994 the Kiewa Murray Region Water Authority took over the Wodonga Council’s water and wastewater operations, and then in 1999 the Kiewa Murray Region Water Authority combined with the Ovens Region Water Authority and became the North East Region Water Authority or NERWA. NERWA then became known as North East Water. The identification tag has local significance due to its use by the Wodonga Sewerage Authority, as well as historic significance as rare example of the equipment used in water management in Wodonga.Rectangular corroded cast iron identification tag with the raised letters '"WSA" on the upper surface."W S A" on upper surface in raised letters.north east region water authority, nerwa, wodonga sewerage authority, north east water, n.e. water, kiewa murray region water authority, wodonga

Perfect Cheese Company was founded in 1930 by newly-arrived Italian migrant Natale Paquale Italiano. The company specialised in traditional Italian-style cheese but also produced Greek, Cypriot and Maltese origin cheeses. The cheeses were sold in Australia and Italy with all products being matured and non-processed. The company remained in operation until the early 2000s.This weighing machine is significant as it represents the machinery used by an early cheese production company.Large metal machine with cast iron with a cast iron frame and a stainless steel rectangular bowl in a cradle. The round weighing scale at the top shows a weight scale up to 1100 pounds. A mesh stainless steel baffle strains the milk.Made in England Birmingham - AVERY SOLE AGENTSallansford, perfect cheese company, avery, cheese manufacturing, dairy industry

Sad-irons or "solid" irons were made by blacksmiths and used to smooth out material by pressing the hot iron over it. A piece of sheet -iron was placed over the kitchen fire and the irons placed on it could be heated whilst remaining clean of ash.. The women used 2 irons - one heating while the other was used. Thick cloth or gloves protected their hands from the hot irons. The handle was removed from the cool iron and re- attached to remove the hot iron from the fire. The cool iron was replaced on the fire or stove to heat again. These irons were cleaned with steel wool to prevent them marking the material. If the iron was too hot the material would scorch. Most homes set aside one day for ironing and some large households had an ironing room with a special stove designed to heat irons. However, most women had to work with a heavy, hot iron close to the fireplace even in summer.These sad irons remind us of the difficult circumstances experienced in their daily routines by the pioneers and early settlers of Moorabbin Shire. The family of Miss M Curtis were early settlers in Moorabbin Shire. Sad-iron, domestic, flat, cast iron, Silvester's Patent, No 6, Salter, England, c. 1890-1900s A sad iron made from cast iron was heated over a fire or on a stove and used for pressing clothing and table wareSILVESTER'S/ PATENT/ SALTERS / No 6 with the pretzel & a arrow going through the centresad iron, kitchen equipment, pioneers, early settlers, market gardeners, sewing, craftwork, clothing, moorabbin, brighton, bentleigh, fireplaces, stoves

A meat grinder or mincer was used for mincing or fine chopping of raw or cooked meat, fish, vegetables or similar food. It replaced tools like a mincing knife.A small vintage cast iron mincer with a wooden handle attached to the long cast iron handle. It can be screwed to a table or bench, secured tightly by a two pronged claws. It has a white enamel coated funnel at the top for the meat to be pushed into the mechanism which when the handle is turned operates the inner mechanism which forces the minced meat out through a side opening. The cast iron handle is curved.'Loveload London 1'domestic objects, kitchen equipment, cooking equipment, meat grinders, meat mincers