Jenny Watson is a long-time employee of the Port of Echuca known for her extensive knowledge of the Murray River and associated stories of past and present. Born in Rhodesia, Jenny escaped internal conflict and came to Australia at 19 years old. A great horsewoman and also a natural on vessels, when she came to Echuca in the 1980s, she soon trained for her Masters Certificate with the encouragement of skippers such as Kevin Hutchinson and Alan Bartch. She skippered the P.S. Canberra and P.S. Emmylou for many years. Jenny worked at the Tourism Centre before the Discovery Centre was built. Her knowledge helped her become an integral Tour Guide at the Port of Echuca and her sensitivity to the unseen world, led her to develop the special Port After Dark Tour revealing some of the spirits and energy that runs unseen through the Port from past events. This remains a very popular tour with visitors and locals. Jenny currently comes in as a specialist volunteer talking to visitors about every subject to do with Port. Jenny is a living legend. Jenny features in the Women of the River Exhibit in the Discovery Centre.Digital recording of oral history interview with Jenny Watson riverboat captain in the 1980s. discovery centre, tour guide, port after dark, captains, murray river captains, women of the river, p.s. canberra, p.s. emmylou, 1980s

Group photo from RTS Wake-Reunion held on Sunday June 5 2005. Liz Seaton organised the event after seeing a post in early May 2005 by another member on a now-defunct website called Schoolfriends / Schoolfriends Reunited, which was very popular before Facebook really got rolling, saying: “Just to let you all know that our old school is being pulled down. You had better get there soon if you want to have a look around before there is nothing left.” Liz notes: A bulk Message was sent from Schoolfriends Reunited to all registered RTS members (about 250) about the Wake-Reunion. The Wake was in the days before the whole area of RTS was fenced off completely from the public. We all met at the front then walked down the driveway, past all the fenced-off vandalised buildings and on to the oval. A very emotional time for all present. After the walk, we finished the day at the Great Ryrie Primary school with afternoon tea, cake (cut by Mr Black, the cleaner) and lots of photos being taken. This is a low resolution group photo. It is hoped to obtain better photos and a video taken by Grant Bickerton on the day - watch this space! Liz Seaton is 2nd row, far left, wearing a blue and yellow top and with much longer hair than now. rts, ringwood tech

By the later 1800s the dirt roads in the then out-lying areas of the City of Moorabbin became dangerous, and almost impassable due to huge potholes and muddy swampy areas. The heavily laden market gardener’s carts regularly broke axles and wheels, and horses foundered on their way to the Melbourne markets. Even worse, the heavier “iron maidens”, carrying their malodorous loads of sewage from Melbourne’s inner suburbs for dumping in the outlying areas of the City of Moorabbin, also got bogged in the mire. It was decided that a practical solution to this problem was to install a metal plateway on the side of the problematic roads. In about 1887 the Moorabbin Shire Centre Road, in the Brighton East area, two parallel metal rails were installed so that the wheels of carts could run along smoothly, the horse travelled in the filled, middle area between the rails. Point Nepean Road plateway was removed in 1930 and Centre Dandenong Road plateway was removed in 1934-35. The worn plateway along Centre Road, East Brighton (now known as Bentleigh), was gradually taken up in several pieces, commencing in the the1920s, when its condition deteriorated and it caused a hazard to bikes, pedestrians, motor-cycles and the few early cars. The early steel plateway, constructed by David Munro, and opened on 23rd March 1885 by Thomas Bent, was built along Nepean Highway, between Asling St. and Bay St. The Point Nepean Track was subsequently extended into Moorabbin with branches along Centre, Cumins, South, Wickham, and Keys Roads, the total length was 13 miles. In 1908-1909 plates were laid along Centre Dandenong Road to Ross Street Bentleigh This innovative solution proved successful and was used until gradually the main roads were upgraded, and motorised vehicles started to appear. Two parallel metal rails were installed in the right hand side of a few main roads in the Shire of Moorabbin so that the wheels of heavily-loaded market gardener's carts on their way to markets in Melbourne could run along smoothly. The horse pulling the carts travelled in the filled, middle area between the rails. The Steel Plateway was constructed by David Munro, and opened on 23rd March 1885 by Thomas Bent. The wheelway first only ran along Nepean Highway, but it soon extended from Centre Dandenong Road, along Nepean road to its junction with Chapel Street, St Kilda. Later branch lines were built along Centre Road, Bentleigh as far as Warrigal Road and, according to early photographs, along Wickham Road Moorabbin as well. This innovative solution proved successful and was used until gradually the main roads were upgraded, and motorised vehicles started to appear. There was a problem with the wheelway : there was only a single set of rails and this was established on the right-hand side of the Nepean Road, travelling towards the city. Traffic FROM the city travelled on the correct or left-hand side of the road. The exception to this rule was the malodorous iron-clads, heavily riveted iron carts, generally travelling in convoy, carrying several tons of human effluent out of Melbourne to be trenched-in in the sandy soil of the Moorabbin district. Moorabbin City Council donated and installed a small section of Plateway at Box Cottage Museum in 1984melbourne, brighton, moorabbin, roads, plateway, wheelway, transport, st kilda, bent thomas, munro david, market gardens, steelway, carts horse-drawn, iron maidens, point nepean track

Tatura Premiership Football Team, 1952.|Back row: C. Ryan, B. McHugh, T. Ryan, I. Bunn, T. Deane, W. Corrigan, J. Mactier, B. Young, K. Anderson, H. Parker.|Centre row: S. Vagg, K. Binion, P. Crawford, L. Joyce, V. McKenzie, R. Connors, F. Joyce, R. McDonald, B. Ransom.|Front row: J. Trevaskis, R. Warnett, R. Smith, R. Daly, W. Pritchard, D. Brown (cc), G. Kerrins, P. Warnett, E. Davies.|A local football team was in existence from about 1885, and it is interesting to note that the members were called the "Tatura Bohemians" in 1888!|In 1894, when D. Heaphy was the first President of Tatura Football Club, they joined the Goulburn Valley Football Association.|"Travel to distant matches was undertaken by horse and jinker, buggy and pair until Charlie Brady, the storekeeper, suggested that special trains be run and put up the guarantee" ...quote from W.H. Bossence "Tatura" history.|Tatura teams were Premiers in 1898, 1901-02, 1904-05, 1952-53.|Tom Hogan was the first local player to be offered a game in the city of Melbourne, soon followed by Archie Wilson.|Robert Mactier, V.C. had played football for Tatura before leaving for service in WW1.tatura, recreations, sports, costume, male

Bradley and Hubbard established their company in 1852 in Meriden, Connecticut when Nathaniel and William Bradley, Orson and Chitten Hatch, and Walter Hubbard, formed Bradley, Hatch & Company. This incarnation of the company only manufactured clocks. The Hatch brothers sold their interest in the company in 1854 and it was renamed, Bradley & Hubbard. Clocks remained the firm's primary product into the 1860s. In addition to their line of clocks, Bradley & Hubbard also produced a wide range of household items including match safes, call bells, andirons, urns, bookends, frames, desk accessories and vases. Technological advances in drilling and refining crude oil in the late 1850s and early 1860s paved the way for the demise of whale oil as lamp fuel. Soon after Colonel Edwin Drake struck oil in Titusville, Pennsylvania on August 27, 1859, Nathaniel Bradley saw an opportunity to capitalize on the future of this new fuel. Nathaniel decided to produce an extensive line of kerosene burning lamps this proved to be a wise business decision. Kerosene was soon to become a widely used, safe and relatively inexpensive lamp fuel. Between April 7, 1868, and December 23, 1913, the company was listed as the assignee for at least 89 lighting patents. Many of these patents were for lamp and chandelier designs and various improvements in lamp burners. In 1875 the company reorganized to form the Bradley and Hubbard Manufacturing Company. Walter Hubbard served as President and Nathaniel Bradley as Treasurer. The firm enjoyed rapid growth throughout the 1880s. By 1888, the company employed over one thousand workers and had showrooms in major cities including New York, Philadelphia, Boston and Chicago. One of the most prolific of the B&H products was the Rayo lamp it produced under contract for Standard Oil. In keeping with the changing times, Bradley & Hubbard produced a variety of electric lamps as well. Walter Hubbard passed away in 1911 and Nathaniel Bradley in 1915. The company continued through the 1930s and was purchased by the Charles Parker Company, also of Meriden, Connecticut, in 1940. The Parker Company was quite diversified in its product line, also producing an extensive line of lamps and high-end chandeliers. Parker operated its acquisition as the "Bradley & Hubbard Division." Parker ceased production of the Rayo lamp in the early 1950s. In 1973, the Bradley and Hubbard buildings were demolished, effectively ending that chapter in American lighting manufacture.Early innovation in kerosene lamp burner design by Bradley and Hubbard lamp manufacturers who at the turn of the 20th century were the biggest lamp producers in the world. The item is significant due to its historic connection with a major innovator of lamp design.Lamp Burner, metal container with turning screw for wick and mesh walls. Is made in 2 parts. Raised embossing on wick adjustment screw " PAT APPLIED FOR" on top of burner "B & H Patented.July.1.90.Nov.20.94"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, bradley & hubbard manufacturing company, kerosene lamp burner, early lighting

Postcard with Handwritten letter on reverse22/12/15, Wonga Park, Ringwood My Dear Niece and Nephews I have just received your lovely preasant we all think it is just lovely and we all wish you all a very Happy New Year and a Merry Xmas. You will see I have put the cart before the horse but the three children is here and makeing a terrible noise. Bella has got a house in Mullum Rd near the station we have been all this time getting her settled and we are all going to her Place Xmas day and to Tunstall Boxing Day as we do not feel up to having them all here this year. My son Eddy got married a fortnight ago but he lives in Ringwood. will be pleased to see you soon, loving Aunt and ??

Specific historical and contextual information pertaining to this object is unknown. There are no hallmarks or documentation to indicate provenance or historical significance. This coin purse appears to have a covering made of mother of pearl. Evidence of interest from over 20,000 years ago mark Aboriginal groups in Australia as some of the first people to value the power and beauty of pearlshell, while evidence of Australian pearlshell being taken across the sea to other countries dates back as early as the 1500s. The 1850s-60s saw the beginnings of the Australian pearling industry. Following the popularisation of plastic for items such as buttons the pearlshell market waned in the mid-twentieth century but was soon after began to re-forge in Australia with a new industry of cultured pearl farms. Most of Australian's pearling industry was initially located in Western Australia and off the Torres Strait Islands. The Australian War Memorial notes on their website that many tokens made from mother of pearl were sent home to loved ones throughout World Wars One and Two from the Middle East, England, the South West Pacific, Australia and elsewhere, but that unfortunately provenance such as the manufacture and sale of many of these items is not recorded.The social history objects held in the Burke Museum's collection help to tell the stories of Beechworth's past by showing the social, cultural, and economic aspects of the town's history.A small rectangular purse with silver edging and half clasp, covered in white and cream coloured shell (mother of pearl?)A01154burke museum, social history, accessories, mother of pearl, nacre, australian industry

This well-produced but water-damaged book of Longfellows Poetry, was part of the former Warrnambool Mechanics Institute Library and Museum collection. The custody of this collection was assumed by Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village in the 1970s. Supporting provenance indicates the book was retrieved from the sea at Loch Ard Gorge soon after the shipwreck of the same name in June 1878. This book was given to the Warrnambool Museum curator Joseph Archibald by its finder, the Warrnambool Standard editor Henry Davis in October 1883. A letter from Mr Davis describing the poignant circumstances of his discovery is also in the Flagstaff Hill collection. A transcript of this letter is displayed next to the book in the Great Circle Gallery at the Maritime Village (reg. no. 2292). The story behind this book prompted Mr Archibald to write to the sole surviving female passenger from the LOCH ARD, Eva Carmichael, asking if the book was hers. Miss Carmichael replied by handwritten letter in January 1884, advising that the volume of poems did not belong to her: “We had a ‘Longfellow’, but our book had a green cover”. This letter is also in the Flagstaff Hill collection (reg. no. 2290.4).The book is rare as it has survived a shipwreck in relatively good condition. It is an example of personal possessions carried by a shipboard passenger in the 1870s. It holds significance for its connection to the renowned poet, Henry Wardsworth Longfellow. The book is important for its probable association with the wreck of the vessel Loch Ard in 1878. The LOCH ARD shipwreck is of State significance and is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register S417. A volume of poetry by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. It is bound in blue-purple cloth on thick board, with black lettering and curling-vine design, framed by gold border. In the centre of the front cover is a raised smooth-white ellipse with crimped edges, now worn bare but with traces of an original brightly coloured floral design. This white centre of supple leather is also framed by a decorative gold border. The upper case lettering on the front cover reads ‘Longfellow’s Poetical Works’. The edges of the blue material are faded and worn. The pages are corrugated by water damage but their original gold-edged condition is still evident. The front and back covers are scored with singed holes approximately 1.5cm diameter, situated about the centre edge of each side and in roughly corresponding positions. These holes may be from an original book-latch or fastening. However they have since been damaged by a hot piercing object, which has blackened the holes and extended the damage into the enclosed pages. The spine of the book features a stylised oak tree in gold, rising from bared roots to serrated leaves and acorns. The letters “LON[DON]” at the top of the spine and “W.P.NI[MM]O” at the bottom. The book cover has separated from the majority of stitched pages, along with a number of title pages, which are now loosed from the binding. The books condition is fragile from a handling perspective, but stable in terms of further deterioration. ‘Inscribed “Loch Ard June 1 1878” in pencil within ― believed to be a salvage from the shipwreck’ (Mechanics Institute Library auditor, June 1996).warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, longfellow’s poems, loch ard, eva carmichael, warrnambool mechanics institute library, warrnambool museum, joseph archibald, henry davis, william p. nimmo, poetry, heny longfellow, henry wadsworth longfellow, poetical works, 1870s, 1877, longfellow’s poetical works

These marble stopper bottles came from the Warrnambool aerated waters factory of Joseph Lescai. A marble stopper bottle was one which was filled upside down so that as soon as the filling stopped the stopper was forced down to seal the bottle against the rubber ring. Pressure inside the bottle would keep the marble pressed against the top of the bottle. To open the bottle the marble was pressed down where it would fall into the neck chamber below. The marble would stay inside the neck chamber when the bottle was tilted up for drinking. Joseph Lescai and his brother, James had fruit shops in Warrnambool and in the 1920s Joseph Lescai began to produce cordial and soft drinks at his Fairy Street shop. The cordial manufacturing was then re-located to a site in Fairy Street close to Raglan Parade and the business, known as Warrnambool Cordials Pty Ltd, was operated then by a group of Warrnambool businessmen and later by Thomas Hill in the 1930s. In the 1940s the business was purchased by the Flett brothers, Frederick and Charles, and in the 1960s the business was sold to Thomas McKenzie and retailed under the name of McKenzie’s Cordials. The business was still operating in the 1970s. These bottles are significant because they come from the Warrnambool aerated water factory of Joseph Lescai, probably in the late 1920s. The business commenced by Joseph Lescai became Warrnambool Cordials Pty Ltd and this was a prominent business in Warrnambool for 50 years or more. Cordial manufacturing was an important industry in Warrnambool for over 100 years. These three bottles are marble-stopper green glass bottles. They have a rounded base and body with a deep indentation in the glass at the top of the body to form a narrow neck chamber. The necks have small round indentations in the glass. The tops of the bottles have moulded glass and an opening. Details on the aerated waters manufacturer are impressed into the glass on the side of the bottles. A round green marble is loose in the neck chamber. Rubber rings in the necks of the bottles are missing. One of the bottles has a wooden stopper but this may not have been an original. Inscriptions and Markings: Serial numbers, signatures, engravings, dedications in books, manufacturing details or personal markings ‘J. Lescai J.L. Warrnambool’ ‘This bottle is the property of Lescai Warrnambool and cannot be legally used by others’ These three bottles are marble-stopper green glass bottles. They have a rounded base and body with a deep indentation in the glass at the top of the body to form a narrow neck chamber. The necks have small round indentations in the glass. The tops of the bottles have moulded glass and an opening. Details on the aerated waters manufacturer are impressed into the glass on the side of the bottles. A round green marble is loose in the neck chamber. Rubber rings in the necks of the bottles are missing. One of the bottles has a wooden stopper but this may not have been an original. Inscriptions and Markings: Serial numbers, signatures, engravings, dedications in books, manufacturing details or personal markings ‘J. Lescai J.L. Warrnambool’ ‘This bottle is the property of Lescai Warrnambool and cannot be legally used by others’ These three bottles are marble-stopper green glass bottles. They have a rounded base and body with a deep indentation in the glass at the top of the body to form a narrow neck chamber. The necks have small round indentations in the glass. The tops of the bottles have moulded glass and an opening. Details on the aerated waters manufacturer are impressed into the glass on the side of the bottles. A round green marble is loose in the neck chamber. Rubber rings in the necks of the bottles are missing. One of the bottles has a wooden stopper but this may not have been an original. Inscriptions and Markings: Serial numbers, signatures, engravings, dedications in books, manufacturing details or personal markings ‘J. Lescai J.L. Warrnambool’ ‘This bottle is the property of Lescai Warrnambool and cannot be legally used by others’ These three bottles are marble-stopper green glass bottles. They have a rounded base and body with a deep indentation in the glass at the top of the body to form a narrow neck chamber. The necks have small round indentations in the glass. The tops of the bottles have moulded glass and an opening. Details on the aerated waters manufacturer are impressed into the glass on the side of the bottles. A round green marble is loose in the neck chamber. Rubber rings in the necks of the bottles are missing. One of the bottles has a wooden stopper but this may not have been an original. J. Lescai J.L. Warrnambool’ ‘This bottle is the property of Lescai Warrnambool and cannot be legally used by others’ lescal cordials, cordial bottles, 1920's bottles, warrnambool cordial manufacurers

Photo taken at time of ownership by Eric Staff. Originally purchased by pioneer Eltham farmer Henry Stooke, Belle Vue farm comprised about 56 ha (140 acres) extending northerly from the northern boundary of Holloway’s 1851 Little Eltham subdivision. On the present day map the southern boundary was just north of Elsa Court and Grove Street. The western boundary was the Diamond Creek and extended northerly to Main Road where it turns easterly towards Research. It was traversed by the main road to Kangaroo Ground and beyond and from 1912 by the railway to Hurstbridge. From 1895 the farm was owned by William Williams and his wife Mary Ann. In 1914-1915 they built a new house now known as “Belle Vue”. They sold the land in 1920 and residential subdivision began soon after that. “Belle Vue” remains today on a large residential lot in Livingstone Road. The house and many old trees on the site have been subject to a heritage overlay under the Nillumbik Planning Scheme. Despite that overlay, most of the heritage trees were removed during sub-division and development of the property.Digital file only from scan of copy on loan to EDHSbelle vue, eltham, eric staff, houses, livingstone road, staff family

A pocket watch is a watch that is made to be carried in a pocket, as opposed to a wristwatch, which is strapped to the wrist.. They were the most common type of watch from their development in the 16th century until wristwatches became popular after World War I The first stem-wind and stem-set pocket watches were sold during the Great Exhibition in London in 1851 and the first owners of these new kinds of watches were Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. Stem-wind, stem-set movements are the most common type of watch-movement found in both vintage and modern pocket watches.In 1857 the American Watch Company in Waltham, Massachusetts introduced the Waltham Model 57, the first to use interchangeable parts which cut the cost of manufacture and repair. Most Model 57 pocket watches were in a coin silver. Watch manufacture was becoming streamlined; the Japy family of Schaffhausen, Switzerland, led the way in this, and soon afterwards the newborn American watch industry developed much new machinery, so that by 1865 the American Watch Company (afterwards known as Waltham) could turn out more than 50,000 reliable watches each year.This silver plated pocket watch with an open glass face has black roman numerals on a white dial , gold hour hands and a blue second hand. The winding stem is at 12 o’clock and has a metal ring for attachment to a chain. Back: of case ; a shield inside 2 circleswatches, brighton, cheltenham, moorabbin, bentleigh, early settlers, pioneers

This photograph is the same one printed in 1925 soon after 'Bellfield' became a licenced hotel. Unfinished letter on reverse side indicates that at least 2 postcards were sent to the same recipient Reads as: "Belfield Hotel Grampians 3/4/42 Dear Mother, Well here we are once more amongst the Gum trees and believe me it is great to smell the fresh air once more after so long with the Rubber trees. We are right in the hills with towering mountains on the East and West and after the way the wind blew through gap last night, I would not be at all surprised if that were not the method by which the Gap were made. Several times last night we thought the roof would blow off and now I have cut pegs for the window I hope the rattle does not annoy us anymore. It took us until nearly five to get here last night but of course we did not find the time dragging on our hands. At Ballarat we made a rush for some lunch just got it back to the carriage when the waitress came round for"Photograph shows front of building with Wonderland Range behind handwritten letter on reverse side dated 03/4/42Rose Series P 4914accommodation, hotels, bellfield

The former Albion (West) Woollen and Worsted Mills is a functional structure which has been built in stages, possibly dating from the 1880s, with the earliest sections near to the Barwon River.The Worsted mill operated for about 50 years and at its peak employed around 500 people. In 1973 the mill merged with the British John Foster and Sons Company under some controversial stock and shareholding issues. The mill continued for a short period before closing at a time when much of the Australian textile industry was finding it difficult to compete with overseas operations. In the 30 plus years after the closure, the site was used for several ventures, including the Mill Vintage Markets and a vehicle trim manufacturing operation. In 2011 the site was purchased by Little Creatures of Western Australia to become their main brewery for the eastern states of Australia. Now owned by the Lion Group, Little Creatures started their 60 million dollar transformation of the old mill in 2012. Finally, in 2013 these former walls of industry were soon rattling away to the sounds of a different type of industry, as the first bottles of beer made their way out of the Geelong Little Creatures Brewery. The remaining building of the former Albion Woollen and Worsted Mills has historical significance as one of Geelong's major woollen mills. The venture has operated on the same site for more than a century. The Albion Woollen Mill was one of the four key sites along with Victoria, Barwon and Union Mills that was established in the late 1860s to mid-1870s. These mills were in constant operation on the west side of the Barwon Bridge over the last century and led to Geelong's fame as milling and scouring locality. The Albion Mill was probably the most successful survivor of the early private company operations. It was regarded as a model mill in the late 1880s and was, from all accounts, well-planned and organised with machinery on a par with the great mills of England. It produced high-quality tweeds. Together with the (now demolished) Union Mill it was regarded as the borough's principal industry over the 1870-1900 period and was one of Australia's most significant producers of tweed by 1900. These two mills were more successful, competitive and long-lived than the Barwon and Victoria Mills. The remaining building form is an important reminder of the private ventures of both the Albion and Union Mills and represents a key site of spinning, carding and finishing as well as scouring and dying that occurred in the lower section near to the river. The loss of the adjacent former Union Mill is unfortunate because the complex, together with the former Collins Union Mill office building, was an important reminder of the success of these industries and the reputation they earned for the Geelong region as a centre for quality textile products. Company seal embosser hand operated matte black & brass colour Western District Worsted Mills emblem on frontflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village

After completing his education, Sir Frederick Carrington joined the 24th Regiment of Foot in 1864. In 1875 he went to South Africa and formed and commanded the Mounted Infantry in the Griqualand West expedition and the Frontier Light Horse in the Ninth Frontier War in 1877. In 1878-1879 he commanded the Transvaal Volunteer Force against Sekhukhune and the Cape Mounted Riflemen in the Basuto Gun War of 1881. In 1885 he was in command of the 2nd Mounted Infantry when he accompanied Sir Charles Warren expedition to Bechuanaland. The Infantry soon became known as "Carrington's Horse". He became military adviser to the High Commissioner in the First Matabele War and commanded the British Force in the Matabele Rebellion in 1896. During 1899-1900 he was back in Ireland but returned to South Africa in 1900 following the outbreak of the Second Boer War and was appointed on the staff of the South Africa Field Force with the rank of lieutenant-general. he was in command of the Rhodesian Field Force during the war. He was awarded the Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1887 and Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath in 1897.Individual image from photographed poster of tobacco and cigarette cards.sir frederick carrington, south africa, transvaal volunteer force, mounted infantry, frontier light horse, griqualand west, ninth frontier war, cape mounted riflemen, basuto gun war, carrington's horse, high commissioner, second boer war, lieutenant-general, knight commander of the order of the bath, knight commander of the order of st michael and st george, rhodesian field force

Celluloids are a class of compounds created from nitrocellulose and camphor, with added dyes and other agents. Generally considered the first thermoplastic, it was first created as Parkesine in 1856 and as Xylonite in 1869, before being registered as Celluloid in 1870. Celluloid is easily moulded and shaped, and it was first widely used as an ivory replacement. The main use was in movie and photography film industries, which used only celluloid films prior to acetate films that were introduced in the 1950s. Celluloid is highly flammable, difficult and expensive to produce and no longer widely used, although its most common uses today are in table tennis balls, musical instruments and guitar picks. Celluloid was useful for creating cheaper jewellery, jewellery boxes, hair accessories and many items that would earlier have been manufactured from ivory, horn or other expensive animal products. It was often referred to as "Ivorine" or "French Ivory". It was also used for dressing table sets, dolls, picture frames, charms, hat pins, buttons, buckles, stringed instrument parts, accordions, fountain pens, cutlery handles and kitchen items. The main disadvantage the material had was that it was flammable.. It was soon overtaken by Bakelite.A miniature, oval, Ivorine hand mirror with floral engraving on back. An accoutrement for use in a lady's Evening bag c19thCFloral design engraving on back of mirrormoorabbin, brighton, early settlers, pioneers, cheltenham, craft work, mirors, ivorine, evening bags, celluloids, bakelite, plastics,

Ray MOLONY Born Albury, New South Wales "Notes for Raymond Walter Molony: Raymond Walter Molony grew up in the Dandenongs, and Maffra where he went to school. He attenended Sale Technical School, before studying at R.M.I.T. from where he gained a diploma of pottery and technical teaching qualifications. He taught at Shepparton Technical College leaving there in 1977 to become a full time potter. Ray Molony established the Mud Factory Pottery in Shepparton in 1977 after purchasing, renovating and extending the old Kialla Methodist church, and building a two storey mud brick pottery. Two of Ray and Deirdre Molony's sons, Kevin and Russell, were employed during the 1980s and 1990s. Kevin Molony left due in the early 1990s due to the recession at that time, and Russell Molony followed soon after. Both competent throwers, with Russell making some creative slab work while Ray continuing to decorate the works. Ray Molony continued to produce studio ceramics at the kialla studion until selling the property in 2000, and semi retiring to Miepoll. In 2005 he moved to Pottsville New South Wales." studio potterySmall ceramic bottle with leaf designs in brown glaze made at the Mud Factory Pottery by Ray Molony.ceramics, studio pottery, ray molony, mud factory pottery

The 8th Light Horse Regiment was engaged in the battle to capture Turkish defences in and around Beersheba in early November 1917 in conjunction with other Light Horse units and troops from the Imperial Camel Corps, British Yeomanry Division, New Mounted Rifles and 53 Welsh Division. The 8th Light Horse Regiment AIF was raised at Broadmeadows Victoria in September 1914 under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Alexander White and formed part of the 3rd Light Horse Brigade. The regiment served at Gallipoli where in a courageous but ill-fated charge at the Nek on 7 August 1915 it suffered horrendous casualties including Lieutenant Colonel White. Rebuilt in Egypt under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Leslie Maygar VC the regiment went on the serve throughout the Middle East Campaign. Colonel Maygar died of wounds at Beersheba when the regiment was attacked by enemy aircraft while waiting to follow up the successful charge of the 4th LH Brigade on 30 October 1917. The 8th Light Horse AIF was disbanded in 1919, but soon after re-raised as the 8th (Indi) Light Horse in the Citizen Military Forces, superseding 16th (Indi) Light Horse.Comparatively rare collection of photographs of 8th Light Horse (AIF) on operations in Egypt and Sinai 1916-1918.Black and White photograph of two-wheeled water cart drawn by donkey, also two mounted men who are wearing sun toppees and one has a rifle in rifle bucket."Captured Turkish water cart at Beersheba with British Yeomanry"beersheba, turkish, world war one, wwi, 8th, light horse

Doris Lilian Wright of 214 Union Road was a milliner but joined the Australian Women's Army Service (AWAS) in the early war years. The Women’s Australian National Service (WANS) was inaugurated in 1940. Training for members of the WANS included air raid drills, first aid, basic military drills, and even shooting, signalling, and mechanics. AWAS on formed on 13 August 1941 with the objective of releasing more men into forward areas. The Army was particular with its recruiting and four references were required; another stipulation was that teeth were in good condition. Doris was located at Elwood. Their training area was along the foreshore and one day to their great surprise there were crowds of American Marines – "the cream of the American Army". These were the first Americans to arrive in Australia to strengthen the defence of the country. The Americans soon went north and the AWAS went off to Balcombe on the Mornington Peninsula. At this time there were no uniforms for the girls only ‘giggle’ dresses – of a non-descript colour. They were not expected to appear in public in these and wore civilian dress. Japan had just entered the war and there were more urgent demands on restricted supplies. The formal uniforms eventually arrived.A black and white photograph of a lady in an army uniform and wearing a hat.union road, surrey hills, uniforms, clothing and dress, (miss) doris wright, australian women's army service

"Sgt. David McPhie and some of his family/at Suffolk Road Mounted Police Station./Stables are shown in background./Courtesy - Mrs. P. Scales (nee McPhie)." The police established a station at 5 Suffolk Road in 1889. The first policeman was Constable Patrick Healey soon after assisted by Sgt Wilson. Constable David McPhie (1887-1963) was married to Jessica Beatrice McErvale (1891-1962) in 1914. They had a son - Angus (1916-1971) and a daughter Jean Cameron (1918-1985); she was born in Surrey Hills. In 1919 electoral rolls David McPhie is listed as a policeman at 5 Suffolk Road. Police gazettes list him as discharged on 2/11/1923. The family continue to live at 5 Suffolk Road and thereafter he is listed as a labourer. Entry in 'Surrey Hills In Celebration of the Centennial 1883-1983' states there was a mounted troopers' station at 5 Suffolk Road from 1889-1914. It was later at 5 Essex Road and then in 1923 moved to 171 Union Road (later the doctor's surgery and residence) and then to 93 Union Road where it stayed until 1947. It is not known how the donor was related to David McPhie.Image of a man, identified as Sgt. David McPhie, with five female members of his family, standing in front of the stables of the Mounted Police Station at 5 Suffolk Road, Surrey Hills.people, families, family groups, police, policemen, surrey hills mounted police station, horses, stables, suffolk road, david mcphie, miss jessie beatrice mcervale, mrs jessie beatrice mcphie

At the top of the shield is a Lions International symbol consisting of two lions heads facing outwards either side of the words 'Lions International' and the letter 'L' in between them. At the base of the shield is a blue and gold coloured badge, consisting of two rifles crossed in front of the RVIB lighthouse, with the words 'Royal Victorian Institute for the Blind Rifle Club' around the outside. Between the two symbols is engraved "In memory of the late George Glover Past President-Lions Club of Bennettswood - Patron and Life Member of the R.V.I.B. Rifle Club. George developed and donated equipment in order that the blind may enjoy rifle shooting and compete with others. His work done will continue to serve." In the 1960's, the RVIB approached engineer George Glover to produce equipment to allow blind people to shoot, based upon that made available at St Dunstan's Hospital in the UK. The rifle range opened in February 1966 at the rear of St Kilda Road with 30 members, and soon became involved in matches with sighted rifle clubs in the area. Passionate about the sport, Mr Glover continued work and supporting the club until his death in 1977.1 wooden shield with engraved silver plategeorge glover, rvib rifle club

Button distributed to and worn by Australian Nursing Federation (ANF) members and staff as part of a 2006 campaign protesting the controversial 'WorkChoices' federal industrial relations laws that were introduced by the Liberal John Howard government in 2005-2007. These laws saw the weakening of unfair dismissal laws, giving employers significantly more powers to strip existing rights and wages away. The laws were repealed following the election of an opposition Labor government in 2007 under Kevin Rudd. The 'Howard Target Nurses' campaign was featured in ANF Victorian Branch newsletters around late 2006. During this period, a number of enterprising bargaining agreements were set to soon expire, leaving nurses vulnerable to have rights stripped away under the new IR legislation. A large campaign began, with rallies across the state of Victoria. The August 2006 Branch newsletter featured images of the Tandberg 'Howard targets nurses' design on placards, shirts and badges worn by nurses at these rallies. The illustration by The Age cartoonist Ron Tandberg made reference to John Howard's involvement in wars in the Middle East throughout the early 2000s, and linked this to the 'war' on unions and worker rights.Circular yellow, red and white badge. Silver metal, plastic-coated, with safety pin fastener adhered to back. Badge printed with a blue and white ANF [Australian Nursing Federation] logo, the black text '[then-Prime Minister John] Howard targets nurses' and a Ron Tandberg cartoon of a nurse with a 'sniper target' overlay.nursing, nurses, protest, campaign, activism, activists, unions, unionism, buttons, badges, pins, campaigning, john howard, ron tandberg, labour history, australian nursing federation, workchoices, workplace relations, industrial relations

On Saturday 17 May 1947, an article on page 25 of the Australian Women’s Weekly reported on the formation of a new women's club: the East Kew Women’s Community Club. The article reads: "Wives and mothers in a Melbourne suburb, East Kew, have formed the East Kew Women's Community Club. While babies and young children are under the supervision of a play leader, wives and mothers follow up their own interests. The club caters for varying tastes, has musical appreciation, drama, and "Keep Fit" classes. President Mrs. Grace Thake says that the club hopes soon to have tennis, debating, and discussion groups. The club originated from a debate, "Should women take an active part in social and civic affairs?" Two days later their interest in these matters was proved by the forming of the club, which took for its motto: "To help others, improve ourselves, and foster the community spirit." Membership is open to all women, regardless of age, politics, and religion, and aims to co-operate with all societies working for the improvement of health and cultural standards." The article relates particularly to the plaque in the collection of the Kew Historical Society.The East Kew Women's Community Club, also called the East Kew Women's Community Club functioned from c. 1947 to the end of the 1960s (to be verified). The records of the Club were placed with Kew Historical Society to preserve them for posterity. The records and objects belonging to the East Kew Women's Community Club have significance socially for their capacity to illuminate women's associations in the post war period in Australia.Framed red and gold enamelled plaque belonging to the East Kew Women's Community Club."TO HELP OTHERS / IMPROVE OURSELVES AND / FOSTER THE COMMUNITY SPIRIT"east kew women's social club, community groups -- kew east (vic.)

Mechanical resuscitation devices, such as the Pulmotor and Lungmotor, were popular in the early part of the twentieth century. Their use waned in the 1920s as significant bodies like the British Medical Research Council and American Red Cross refused to endorse them. The most popular of the resuscitators to emerge in the 1930s was the E&J (Ericson and Johnson) resuscitator. The device was soon widely available, vigorously promoted with support from many medical practitioners. They were soon to be found in hospitals, emergency services like the ambulance and fire brigade, and voluntary life-saving organisations. In Australia, Norman James, director of anaesthesia at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, developed an interest in equipment for ambulances and the resuscitation of drowning victims. Little in the way of practical, portable equipment was available to either the ambulances or the voluntary life-saving organisations, such as Surf Life Saving Australia (SLSA); American resuscitators, like the E&J, were expensive and bulky to import. James designed a simple portable resuscitation device for local use after being approached by Jack Conabere, secretary of the Elwood Life Saving Club (ELSC). The resulting Royal Melbourne Hospital resuscitator, or the R.M. resuscitator as it was marketed, was a simpler, manual version of those available overseas. It was gas driven with a plunger, marked “Press”, and a safety valve. The small working unit attached directly to the facemask. Once the patient was positioned facedown and the airway cleared of debris, the mask was placed firmly over the face. The plunger allowed gas to flow and lung inflation; releasing the plunger allowed expiration. This simple resuscitator was marketed by Commonwealth Industrial Gases (CIG) and became very popular in Australia with volunteer and professional rescue organisations. It represents one of the many innovations in resuscitation equipment that resulted from cooperation between volunteer life savers and medical practitioners. Norman James worked closely with Jack Conabere and the Government Pathologist to develop the equipment. ELSC was the first life saving club to use the resuscitator on the beach. While conducting an early training exercise on 23 December 1951, they used it to successfully resuscitate a man who had drowned after capsizing his home made yacht. The R.M. resuscitator was also used in more inventive ways. At Fairfield Hospital in Melbourne, a group of physiotherapists and doctors did some innovative work with polio patients, teaching them glossopharyngeal (or “frog”) breathing, as a means of becoming less dependent on ventilators. In 1981, the Australian Standards Association stated that the RM head failed to meet its revised standards and it was withdrawn from the market. Red leather suitcase with black leather trim with metal studs. There are clip locks for locking the suitcase in the closed position. The suitcase contains equipment for oxygen resuscitation. There is a space allocated for two oxygen cylinders, however there are no cylinders present.Embossed into metal plaque: The C.I.G. / Oxy-viva / PORTABLE UNIVERSAL OXYGEN RESUSCITATORresuscitation, portable, surf life saving australia, royal melbourne hospital, rm resuscitator

This photograph shows the Richardson family having a picnic on the verandah of Captain McNeil' house at Marlo - April 1897. Snowy River Shipping Company formed in 1880. They were soon shipping produce (mainly vegetables) from the area to Melbourne. The Snowy River Shipping Company was formed by Mr Henry James during the 1880s, with Captain McNeil as master. Captain Hegarty was the shipping agent at Marlo. Towing a line of small barges these paddle steamers plied their trade between the port of Marlo, and the farms along the river banks, churning their way almost twenty miles upstream to a landing beside what is now Frank Richardson’s property. On these trips, the barges carried mail and supplies to the townspeople and farmers, loading their produce, mostly maize, on the return trip to the coast. The coming of the railway in 1915 spelt the end for the little river boats. ( ref. F. W. RODWELL in the “Snowy Review”) Frank Richardson 1877-1950 was a sawmiller at Tabbara and helped build and run paddle steamer "Curlip"as engineer. Captain McNeil was an always cheerful Marlo identity and local children had many times sailing with him on the river. Captain McNeil with tug went out through the entrance and brought in the schooners.This item is associated with the Richardson family, early settlers of the Orbost district.A black / white photograph of a group of people having afternoon tea on the end of a verandah of a wooden house. All are seated.on back - " The Richardson family picnic at Marlo"richardson-family-orbost-marlo mcneil-captain

This photograph was taken by James Bray who worked as a professional photographer in Camp Street Beechworth from 1870-1891. He was one of four men who photographed the Kelly gang after the siege in Glenrowan in 1880. He is also renowned for his previous work photographing members of the Kelly gang. The photograph depicts pieces of the Kelly gang's armour crafted from plough mouldboards which are arranged on the ground. The exact relation of each piece of armour to the Kelly members was unclear for many years following the siege because the suits were disassembled without documentation and rearranged by guesswork. It was through photographs like this one, which depict the armour very soon after the siege that enabled researchers, in 2002, to reunite each of the suits with their correct pieces. This image is identified as a "Cabinet Portrait". This refers to a photograph mounted on a hard piece of cardboard. They are larger and thicker than the Carte de Visite and gradually replaced the latter in popularity after the 1860s. Identifying features of the Cabinet Portrait is on the front of the image which is generally embossed (or printed) with the details of the photographer. In the case of this image, James Bray is identified as photographer. The image is yellow in tone which compliments the gold coloured mount of the photograph. This photograph is part of the Burke Museum "Kelly album" which includes a significant collection of photographs and artefacts connected to Ned Kelly and the Kelly Gang. Ned Kelly and his gang have become ingrained in Australian popular culture and thus many museums, art galleries and private collections house material connected to the Kelly story which allows the events and people to be researched and interpreted. Artefacts and photographs pertaining to the Kelly gang are particularly valuable for Australian museums. This particular photograph is significant for its connection to Beechworth photographer James Bray who is responsible for many images depicting members of the Kelly gang. The photograph is also of artistic significance as an example of a Cabinet Portrait dating to 1880. This image was commissioned by the police shortly after the defeat of the Kelly gang at Glenrowan. The armour was collected and placed on the ground for photography. No care was taken to retain the correct grouping of the armour and therefore, the identity of each piece to the correct owner was unclear for many years. Photographs of the armour taken at the time, like this one, helped researchers to reconstruct the correct armour and identify which pieces belonged to which member of the Kelly gang which is significant for Australian history. This photograph has the capacity to provide important information about the construction of the armour used by the Kelly gang at Glenrowan and importantly dates to 1880.This photograph is a cabinet portrait commissioned by the police depicting the Kelly armour arranged on the ground at Glenrowan following the siege by Ned Kelly and the Kelly gang in 1880. The armour includes helmets, breastplates a rifle and the inner knitted helmet worn by Ned Kelly. kelly album

This photograph was taken by James Bray who worked as a professional photographer in Camp Street Beechworth from 1870-1891. He was one of four men who photographed the Kelly gang after the siege in Glenrowan in 1880. He is also renowned for his previous work photographing members of the Kelly gang. The photograph depicts pieces of the Kelly gang's armour crafted from plough mouldboards which are arranged on the ground. The exact relation of each piece of armour to the Kelly members was unclear for many years following the siege because the suits were disassembled without documentation and rearranged by guesswork. It was through photographs like this one, which depict the armour very soon after the siege that enabled researchers, in 2002, to reunite each of the suits with their correct pieces. This image is identified as a "Cabinet Portrait". This refers to a photograph mounted on a hard piece of cardboard. They are larger and thicker than the Carte de Visite and gradually replaced the latter in popularity after the 1860s. Identifying features of the Cabinet Portrait is on the front of the image which is generally embossed (or printed) with the details of the photographer. In the case of this image, James Bray is identified as photographer. The image is yellow in tone which compliments the gold coloured mount of the photograph.This photograph is part of the Burke Museum "Kelly album" which includes a significant collection of photographs and artefacts connected to Ned Kelly and the Kelly Gang. Ned Kelly and his gang have become ingrained in Australian popular culture and thus many museums, art galleries and private collections house material connected to the Kelly story which allows the events and people to be researched and interpreted. Artefacts and photographs pertaining to the Kelly gang are particularly valuable for Australian museums. This particular photograph is significant for its connection to Beechworth photographer James Bray who is responsible for many images depicting members of the Kelly gang. The photograph is also of artistic significance as an example of a Cabinet Portrait dating to 1880. This image was commissioned by the police shortly after the defeat of the Kelly gang at Glenrowan. The armour was collected and placed on the ground for photography. No care was taken to retain the correct grouping of the armour and therefore, the identity of each piece to the correct owner was unclear for many years. Photographs of the armour taken at the time, like this one, helped researchers to reconstruct the correct armour and identify which pieces belonged to which member of the Kelly gang which is significant for Australian history. This photograph has the capacity to provide important information about the construction of the armour used by the Kelly gang at Glenrowan and importantly dates to 1880.Sepia rectangular photograph printed on cardReverse: Mrs. E. E. Smith / Loch St. / Beechworth / 1880 / JAMES E. BRAY / Photographer / BEECHWORTH / R. & M. HARVEY / AUTHORISED NEWSAGENTE / AND GIFT SHOP / BEECHWORTH PHONE 114 / (upside down) P/C Neg / 41 --np of armour & / (torn sticker with)fle. Ned Kellys Riflekelly album, ned kelly, kelly armour, armour, rifle

The P.S Pevensey was built in 1910 in Moama by the Permewan Wright Co. Initially she was a barge, called the Mascotte, but by May 1911 she had been converted into the P.S.Pevensey. Initially the P.S.Pevensey was used as for transporting wool from the Murrumbidgee River Stations. In 1932 the P.S Pevensey carried the largest load of wool ever from the Murrumbidgee River. This record was 2600 bales of wool. She was destroyed by fire at Koraleigh Landing later in 1932, but was soon rebuilt.By 1939 she was running a regular service between Morgan and Mildura. By 1958 it was reported that she was moored above Renmark and not working. In 1967 she was sunk by vandals. In 1968 she was bought by Bill and Norm Collins. They refloated her, restored her and moored her at Mildura. The City of Echuca bought the P.S. Pevensey from the Collins Family in 1973, for $20,000. The P.S. Pevensey came to Echuca Wharf in July 1973 along with Kevin Hutchinson OA., a shipwright who stayed with the P.S. Pevensey for the rest of his life. The P.S Pevensey currently works as a Tourist paddle steamer taking cruises from the Echuca Wharf every day. (Ref. Parsons, R. "Ships of the Inland Rivers. P. 116.)This photograph is significant because it shows the wharf in 1973, being converted into a Tourist precinct. The roof of the cargo shed is being repaired. The P.S Pevensey is tied up to the wharf and looks as if it needs more repairs. The buildings in the background are still used as business venues. The Shamrock Hotel can be seen in High Street. A train can also be seen parked on the wharf.A black and white rectangular photograph of the P.S Pevensey tied up at Echuca Wharf during a high river probably taken in 1973 or 1974.On the Bond Store in Murray Esplanade can be seen the words SHACKELL. On the front of the building can be seen the words "Panel & Paint."p.s pevensey, echuca wharf, hutchinson, kevin, collins, norm, collins, bill, city of echuca

Buninyong had no railway station so residents would travel to Yendon to catch the train. The Yendon Railway Station building was demolished soon after this photograph was taken. The bluestone was purchased by John Vernon, and was used to construct retaining walls in a garden enclosure between the first two buildings at the new Ballarat Institute of Advanced Education campus at Mt Helen. This is now known as the courtyard between building 'F' and building 'G' at the University of Ballarat mt Helen Campus. The following article was published in the Ballarat Courier on 06 December 1968. 'Yendon Station to be demolished - The old bluestone railway station at Yendon is to be demolished. C.A.D. Fisken told Buninyong Shire Council of the proposal at its meeting yesterday. Fortunately, he said, the beautiful stonework would not be lost. It would be used and incorporated in the new School of Mines building at Mt Helen. the retention of the century-old building was the subject of representations by Council to the Railways following the closure of the station for goods traffic 'some time ago'. The building had also been noted by the National Trust as one of special interest. The Railways Department advised the meeting that an inspection had been made at the Yendon level crossing, but no recommendation could be made at present for installation of flashing light signals.'Bluestone building with dressed bluestone door and window jambs and chimney. The roof is corrugated iron. The platform edge is also of bluestone construction. The building is the former Yendon Railway Station (now demolished) on the Ballarat -Geelong main line (the original Melbourne to Ballarat mainline). When the line was opened, this station may have been originally called Buninyong as it was built a number of years before the Ballarat to Buninyong branch line was built. This this has subsequently caused some confusion. The station was later renamed Yendon. Verso in blue ballpoint pen 'No 47 Yendon Railway Stn' Stamped in purple ink 'N.L. Harvey & Son, Photographers, 131 Sturt Streeet Ballarat, Phone 25766, After hours 23397, Will photograph anywhere anytime any place. (in pen 3/12/68),university of ballarat, ballarat institute of advanced education, yendon, railway, bluestone, john vernon

Celluloids are a class of compounds created from nitrocellulose and camphor, with added dyes and other agents. Generally considered the first thermoplastic, it was first created as Parkesine in 1856 and as Xylonite in 1869, before being registered as Celluloid in 1870. Celluloid is easily moulded and shaped, and it was first widely used as an ivory replacement. The main use was in movie and photography film industries, which used only celluloid films prior to acetate films that were introduced in the 1950s. Celluloid is highly flammable, difficult and expensive to produce and no longer widely used, although its most common uses today are in table tennis balls, musical instruments and guitar picks. Celluloid was useful for creating cheaper jewellery, jewellery boxes, hair accessories and many items that would earlier have been manufactured from ivory, horn or other expensive animal products. It was often referred to as "Ivorine" or "French Ivory". It was also used for dressing table sets, dolls, picture frames, charms, hat pins, buttons, buckles, stringed instrument parts, accordions, fountain pens, cutlery handles and kitchen items. The main disadvantage the material had was that it was flammable. Items made in celluloid are collectible today and increasingly rare in good condition. It was soon overtaken by Bakelite and Catalin.. A miniature, square, Ivorine hand mirror with bird engraved on back. An accoutrement for use in a lady's Evening bag c 19thCbird engraved on back of mirrormoorabbin, cheltenham, brighton, market gardeners, pioneers early settlers, mirrors, ivorine, celluloids, bakelite, plastics,

The initial partnership in a quartz crushing plant between Henry Koch, Simon Albert and Charles Wallin was dissolved in 1860 with Koch becoming the sole owner. In 1866 the crushing plant consisted of a 50 hp engine and 48 stamping heads capable of crushing 600 tons of quartz per week. By 1902 there were 72 stamps and this was by far the largest crushing plant in the area, serving many quartz mines. Henry Koch (1800-1889) was a German sailor who signed off when his ship reached Melbourne in 1851. Having heard of the gold discovery he proceeded to Bendigo where he was initially employed in puddling in the Myers Flat area. He was soon employed and then made partner in a quartz crushing plant that he became sole owner of in 1860. He was also landlord at the British and American Hotel and the Silver Mines Hotel. HE also started the Perseverance United gold claim. He married Anna Maria Theresia Heinz in 1857. In 1872 he sold the crushing plant for 75,000 pounds and took his family back to Germany. He resumed his trade as a ship builder although he maintained many Bendigo mining interests.Sepia coloured photograph of Koch's Pioneer quartz crushing plant, Long Gully. The phot shows Perseverance United claim, Wind-mill and hill in the distance. N.J. Caire phot Sandhurst.Casey & Wenborn's print. Forbes & Holmes agentsviews of bendigo, n.j. caire, sandhurstr, quartz crushing plant, kock