Candle stick holders were used to hold and display candles for light. They were used before commonly in domestic situations before lighting from kerosene, gas and electricity was freely available and affordable.This is an example of lighting used commonly before the late 19th century.Candle stick holder enamel grey speckled with dish base, side handle and fixture for holding candle.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, domestic lighting, candle, candlestick, candle holder, light

The item is a kerosene marine ships lamp used onboard ships and smaller vessels for general lighting and navigation the subject lamp was made by a very well known maker R C Murray of Glasgow Scotland. During the research several different addresses were found but nothing on the founder or company history. It appears RC Murray made not only marine lamps but lamps for the railways as well. The company is listed in the Scottish Post Office Directories for 1885 to 1886 as manufacturing tinsmiths, lamp makers, coppersmiths, gas fitters, bell hangers and workers in sheet iron, zinc and brass at street numbers 7, 9 and 11 Carlton Court, Bridge St Glasgow. An additional address is at 37 Cavendish St Glasgow listed for 1910, and also at Pollokshaws Road. The writer assumes the company must have moved sometime between 1886 & 1910 to these addresses. The writer at this time cannot ascertain any more historical information regarding the company or its founder, however, lamps made by RC Murray are now collector's items commanding significant sale prices on many auction websites.A significant item used in the marine industry on many ships, the company made kerosene lamps for other industries as well and was a well-known company in the early part of the 20th century.Marine kerosene ships lamp, round copper handle on top and side top is hinged with catch and lever, protruding near top.Inscribed "RC Murray and Co Limited" "Pollokshaws Road Glasgow S.1." flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, lamp, lantern, brass lamp, nautical object

The Ballarat School of Mines was the first school of Mines in Australasia, and was established in 1870. It is a predecessor institution of Federation University Australia.Correspondence to the Ballarat School of Mines for the month of July 1908. Letter 162 Ballarat Fine Art Public Gallery Association 19 Lydiard Street North Ballarat, 26th June 1908 Sir, I am directed to inform you that at a meeting of the Council of the above held last evening, your previously acknowledged letter of 11th June 1908, addressted to "E. [Stoer?] Esq, President Late Technical Art School Committee", was received and referred to a committee for its report thereon, cousi directions of which was made are the Order of the Day for the Councils next Ordinary Monthly Meeting. I am, Sir, Your Obedient Servant, J.A. Powell Secretary F.J. Martell Esq Director The Ballarat School of Mines Ballarat ballarat school of mines, frederick martell, ballarat fine art gallery, j.a. powell, art gallery of ballarat, gallery association, charles j. morris, ballarat fine art public gallery association, telegram, c.h. clark, l. ditchburn, alumni, examinations, w.g. taylor, london bank of australia limited, bealiba, thomas r. lyle, jessie chalmers, signor steffani, arundel orchard, w.f. coltman, e.e. hobson, j.t. mooney, queanbeyan, p.e. marmion, willaim m. robertson, assay, e.e. brook, lloyd copper mines, h.b. silberberg & co., education department melbourne, c. james, w. west, haddon, warragul, bakers reef gold mning company, letterhead, victorian portland cement works, d. mitchell, electric lighting and traction co. australia ltd, austral otis engineering comapny ltd, melbourne glass bottle works company, cuming, smith & co. pty ltd, excursions, metropolitan gas company, jaques bros manufacturing engineers, victoria iron works, a. victor leggo co, leggo's metallurgical works, melbourne hydraulic power company limited, mount lyell mining and railway coy ltd, victorian railways, telegraph, land surveying, j. brittain, g. fitzgerald, hamilton, cochran and co, wynne-grant antimony reduction company, mt egerton and gordons mining co, e. hogan, e.c. connell, a.d. galoway, metallurgy, h.b. silberberg, specific gravity balance and weights, union bank of australia (ballarat), bullarto, bush inn, bullarto, w. harrington, prospective student, book donaton from smithsonian institution, e. la t. armstrong, department of mines and forests, melbourne, snake valley, r. hall-jones, c. calaby, clementston, thomas ramsay, w.d. thompson, longmans, green and co, selwyn chase, missionary exhibition, aboriginal court of the missionary exhibition, examination results, leslie coulter, hnery j. saw, thomas ramsay, virgil tucker, leslie c. blick, thomas r. williams, oliver w. williams, thomas r. williams, leo m. seward, david w. bonar, louis w.g. buchner, leo m. seward, albert j. robin, james a. chambers, james d. brokenshire, william kingston, edgar c. hurdsfield, virgil tucker, oliver w. williams, william g. sides, herbert hawkesworth, colin c. corrie, henry j. saw, thomas h. trengrove, thomas r. prigdeon, harold b. herbert, viola p. jackson, lionel s. davies, stanley w. tompkins, arthur m. lilburne

3 of 5 photographs of the Highett Gasworks c 1974 The Brighton Gas Company was established 1877 by local residents including Thomas Bent. Initially all went well for residents as gas light replaced kerosene lamps and street lights were installed. However disruption to supply, poor quality and failure to reach all house lead to dissatisfaction. Thomas Bent therefore began the Central Brighton and Moorabbin Gas Company 1885 and a price war ensued. This was unsustainable and the two companies amalgamated in 1877 supplying gas from the New Street Works site. 1930 this Company expanded to Highett where it had purchased 45 acres adjacent to the train line. 1927 a gas holder was built connected to the Brighton works 1936 construction began on a complete gas-making unit and the Highett Gasworks, Nepean Highway, began supply 1939. 1950 an extension program was completed. However by 1965 , with the discovery of Natural Gas offshore in Bass Strait, changes to Gas distribution were apparent. At first some of the facilities at Highett were used to distribute the gas piped from Sale, Gippsland. However after conversion of 450,000 homes to Natural Gas the Highett site was redundant. The gasometers were removed 1978. Moorabbin Council obtained part of the land for public recreation purposes. ( Dr. G Whitehead KCC Historian ) c2012 the Moorabbin Justice Centre / Magistrates Court of Victoria was built and further development of the area for apartments proceeds. The establishment of the Brighton Gas Company 1877 and the Highett Gasworks 1885 brought bright lighting to houses, businesses and streets in Moorabbin Shire and cooking ovens and heating improved the living conditions of residents. 3 x Colour photographs of the Highett Gasworks c1970bass strait gas, highett gasworks, brighton gasworks 1877, central brighton and moorabbin gas company 1885, whitehead dr. graham, magistrates court of victoria, horse drawn carts, toll gates brighton, motor cars 1900, steam engines, early settlers, bentleigh, parish of moorabbin, city of moorabbin, county of bourke, moorabbin roads board, shire of moorabbin, henry dendy's special survey 1841, were j.b.; bent thomas, o'shannassy john, king richard, charman stephen, highett william, ormond francis, maynard dennis, market gardeners, vineyards, orchards

Wax tapers were used by early settlers in Moorabbin Shire to light fires, candles and gas lamps. A narrow and shallow, cardboard box with blue and white label on the top. "Price's Dropless White tapers" " Medium" 2ounces "for lighting candles and gas fires". Makers mark is a sailing ship, set in an oval with the words "Ship Brand". Around the circumference of the oval are the words " London, Liverpool, Price's Candle Company Limited.kitchen equipment, lights, candles, fireplaces, early settlers, pioneers, moorabbin, bentleigh, cheltenham, market gardeners

Prior to the installation of gas and electric light pioneers used candles for lighting after sunset.6 candles, in original box, made by 'Electrine' Co. 2 candles broken when brush tailed possum entered Cottage via chimney 27/4/2014kitchen equipment, lights, candles, fireplaces, early settlers, pioneers, moorabbin, bentleigh, cheltenham, market gardeners

Prior to the installation of gas and electric light, pioneers used candles for lighting after sunset. This ornate candle-stick holder most likely was used in the bedroom. The family of Miss May Curtis were early settlers in Moorabbin ShireSmall white ceramic candle stick holder with pink and yellow floral transfer-printed decoration on the rim. There is also a small raised area on the rim to hold a candle-snuffer. On one side there is a small ceramic "loop" attached as a carrying handle. This item broken beyond repair by brush tailed possum when he entered Cottage via chimney 27/4/2014furnishings, lights, lamps, candles, early settlers, pioneers, moorabbin, bentleigh, ormond, brighton, kitchenware, curtis may, market gardeners

A candle snuffer is an instrument used to extinguish burning candles. This is accomplished by smothering the flame with a small metal cup that is suspended from a long handle, and thus depriving it of oxygen. The use of a candle snuffer helps to avoid problems associated with blowing hot wax. Candle snuffers are still commonly used Churches. Prior to the introduction of gas and electricity, candles and kerosene lamps were used for lighting in households after sunsetEvery Early settlers depended on candlelight after sunset and candle snuffs were a safe, clean and efficient way to extinguish the candle flameThis candle snuff has a brass handle with a turned polished wood tip. The brass cup, that is placed over the flame to extinguish it, is decorated with an engraved brass moth.early settlers, pioneers, moorabbin, bentleigh, ormond, market gardeners, lights, lamps, candles

The kerosene lamp is a type of lighting device that uses kerosene as a fuel. Kerosene lamps have a wick or mantle as light source, protected by a glass chimney or globe; lamps may be used on a table, or hand-held lanterns may used for portable lighting. There are three types of kerosene lamp: traditional flat wick, central draught (tubular round wick), and mantle lamp. The screws on the side adjust the flame and hence the strength of the flame produced. Prior to the introduction of gas and electricity these lamps provided lighting in all householdsPioneers and early settlers in Moorabbin Shire relied on kerosene lamps for lighting their homes after sunset.This kerosene, flat wick, banquet lamp has a clear glass shade chimney with a frilled rim, a reservoir of plain yellow glass and a metal engraved base . 1 side screw to adjust the flamelights, early settlers, pioneers, market gardeners, moorabbin, brighton, bentleigh, cheltenham. lamps, kerosene, paraffin, oil

The kerosene lamp is a type of lighting device that uses kerosene as a fuel. Kerosene lamps have a wick or mantle as light source, protected by a glass chimney or globe; lamps may be used on a table, or hand-held lanterns may used for portable lighting. There are three types of kerosene lamp: traditional flat wick, central draught (tubular round wick), and mantle lamp. The side screws adjust the length of the wick and hence the strength of the flame / light produced. Prior to the introduction of gas and electricity these lamps provided light in households after sunset.Prior to the introduction of gas and electricity these lamps provided light after sunset for the early settlers, as they established their farms and businesses, in Moorabbin Shire.A Victorian kerosene banquet lamp, with a gilded metal quad footed base, cranberry glass oil reservoir with geometric patterns, original etched, yellow, glass globe shade and clear glass chimney. There are 2 side screws for adjusting the flame.early settlers. pioneers, follett w, moorabbin, bentleigh, brighton, ormond, market gardeners, kerosene, paraffin, lights, lamps, candles

The kerosene lamp is a type of lighting device that uses kerosene as a fuel. Kerosene lamps have a wick or mantle as light source, protected by a glass chimney or globe; lamps may be used on a table, or hand-held lanterns may used for portable lighting. There are three types of kerosene lamp: traditional flat wick, central draught (tubular round wick), and mantle lamp. The side screws adjust the length of the wick and hence the strength of the flame/light produced. Prior to the introduction of gas and electricity these lamps were used for lighting in all households after sunsetPioneers and early settlers relied on kerosene lamps for lighting their homes after sunset.A 19th Century kerosene chamber lamp, with clear, plain glass shade and reservoir, circular metal base and 1 side screw for adjusting the flameearly settlers, pioneers, market gardeners, moorabbin, brighton, bentleigh, ormond, cheltenham, candles, lights, lamps, kerosene, paraffin, oil

Yields information about Ballarat and its locations or environs late 1938.Pages 11,12, 19 and 20 of the centenary of settlement in the Ballarat district by the Ballarat Courier - March 1938. See also items 186, 198 and 199. Page 11 Royal visits, banking in Ballarat, photos - NW section of Ballarat, railway station in foreground. Ads for J.McKay and Son, Roy Reeds (Men's store) and Ballarat Gas Co. Also photo of "The Corner" in Sturt St. - old Mining Exchange. Page 12 - full page ad for Morseheads, women's store. Page 19 - articles - Ballarat Lighting and Power, ESCo, SEC, electric trams. photos of the Arch of Victory, first electric tram, Lake Wendouree. Advertisements for Austin Spears (cycles), McDougall and Chisholm (drapers), W.E. Longhurst (bread) and the ES&A bank. Also article on South St. Society - music and elocution. Page 20 - articles - Ballarat Gas Co., horse and electric trams, agriculture in district and Ballarat's war record (WWI). Photos of work at Gong Gong Reservoir and Committeemen of the Ballarat Horticultural Society - 1859 to 1885. Ads for Ballarat College, Clarendon, Queens (girls) and Ballarat Grammar schools, Ern Craig Motors (Vauxhall) and Snows men's wear. Record reviewed and images of pages added 7-9-2013 and 10-9-2013trams, tramways, ballarat electricity, centenary, banking, transport, trams, esco

At the beginning of the 1890s, the Kew businessman and Town Councillor, Henry Kellett, commissioned J.F.C. Farquhar to photograph scenes of Kew. These scenes included panoramas as well as pastoral scenes. The resulting set of twelve photographs was assembled in an album, Kew Where We Live, from which customers could select images for purchase.The preamble to the album describes that the photographs used the ‘argentic bromide’ process, now more commonly known as the gelatine silver process. This form of dry plate photography allowed for the negatives to be kept for weeks before processing, hence its value in landscape photography. The resulting images were considered to be finely grained and everlasting. Evidence of the success of Henry Kellett’s venture can be seen today, in that some of the photographs are held in national collections.It is believed that the Kew Historical Society’s copy of the Kellett album is unique and that the photographs in the book were the first copies taken from the original plates. It is the first and most important series of images produced about Kew. The individual images have proved essential in identifying buildings and places of heritage value in the district.In 1891, High Street was the centre of commercial activity in the Borough of Kew. It was unpaved and edged with deep bluestone gutters, which were designed to channel the significant flow of storm water down the hill to and beyond the Junction. On either side of the entrance to the shopping strip are two cast iron gas lamps that provided the only public street lighting before the Post Office was reached. Most shops, including the Nicholas Brothers’ Junction Store featured cast iron verandas. Further up the hill, Dougherty’s Greyhound Hotel was by this stage a local institution. Apart from the horse-drawn tram, the main form of personal and commercial transport in this period remained the horse, horse and cart, or buggy.The panoramic view predates the widening of High Street in the 20th century, and thus includes the original alignment of buildings on the south side. These included Henry Kellett’s shop.High Street, Kewkew illustrated, kew where we live, photographic books, henry kellett, high street - kew (vic)

A picture of the original Gordon Lodge lodge-room of 1886 - room currently in use by the Lodge's artist-in-residence. Below is a newspaper article from the North Melbourne Advertiser (Vic: 1873 - 1894) for Friday 22 April 1887 that describes the architecture of the building at the time of its completion. From some of the details included in the article it is obvious that the journalist who wrote the article was a Freemason. THE MASONIC HALL ASCOT VALE North Melbourne Advertiser (Vic. : 1873 - 1894) Friday 22 April 1887 THE MASONIC HALL ASCOT VALE The now Masonic Hall, Ascot Vale, the foundation stone of which was laid by the Worshipful Master of the Gordon Lodge (Bro, W. F. Lamonby) in October last has just been completed, and will be formally opened: with grand Masonic ball on the 13th prox. The hall stands on a fine block of land having a frontage of 50ft to the Maribyrnong road by a depth of 130 ft., and is built of brick and cement on a most substantial foundation of bluestone. The Tuscan style of architecture has been adopted with the most successful result, and the front design which is especially handsome, includes four massive pilasters with frieze architrave and enriched cornice, forming the entablature of the order,- and giving a most imposing appearance. The front door, over which are the masonic emblems, is seven feet wide, and two escape doors made to open outwards in compliance with the Central Board of Health regulations are also provided, in case of emergency. In the vestibule is a very fine elliptic arch with keystone enriched with fruit, and the whole floor, 9ft. 6in. wide, is laid with Cawkwell's encaustic tyles. On the right, of tile vestibule is a commodious committee room 22ft. by 12ft 6in with side entrance for members, so that in case the main hall is engaged no inconvenience need be caused. On the left is the Secretary's room, and off this again is a staircase cellar. The vestibule is well lighted with two exceedingly pretty chandeliers, which have a very pleasing effect and give it a nice bright appearance ascending a handsome staircase leading from the vestibule the upper storey is reached, and here everything is splendidly arranged, especially 'the Lodge Room, which is a model of neatness and of comfort. The dimensions are 28ft. x 22ft 6in. with an elevation of 17ft. 6in. to the beautiful cove ceiling, which is quite a work of art. At the east end of the room on a raised dais is the master's chair with the masonic emblems, and neat forms of polished kauri are placed at the sides for members, about 150 of whom can be accommodated. The lighting and ventilation have both been well attended to and all is very complete. The main hall is 75ft. by 35 ft. with a stage 15ft. deep, leaving the auditorium 60ft. x 35ft. with a seating capacity about 600. Round the walls up to 6ft 6in. is a handsome dado in Portland cement and above it are panelled Tuscan pilasters to the entablature, architrave enriched frieze and medallion cornice forming the main cornice to the hall. Immediately inside the cornice is a sunken panel all-round the ceiling relieved with ornamental outlet ventilators. There are twelve large windows, six on each aide, and the sashes, skirting boards, and doors throughout the building are beautifully painted in imitation of grained cedar. Two enormous gas reflectors, each for 50 lights are suspended from the ceiling and besides these, four elegant hanging chandeliers for lighting up the proscenium, and back of the stage, under which is a storeroom for seats, &c, when the hall is required for a ball. The floor is made of kauri, secretly nailed, and is beautifully finished off. At the back of the stage are two lavatories and ladies and gentlemen's dressing rooms, between which are a connecting passage for a call boy. Outside is a capital asphalted yard, and the other usual conveniences on an improved plan. There is a right-of-way asphalted on each side of the building, and a large lamp is to be placed opposite the main entrance to light up the front. Everything that forethought and ability could suggest to make the hall comfortable and popular has been done, and it now only remains for the public to avail themselves of the advantages offered them by the enterprising Company. The cost of the building and furniture, including a magnificent piano, was £2,500, and the land £300. Mr J. C. M. Cowan, of Ascot Vale, is the architect, and Messrs Parker and Pater, of South Melbourne, the contractors. The plastering was done by Mr I Nicholas, of Murray Street, Moonee Ponds, who is also entitled to great praise for his splendid workmanship. Mr Cowan has been most assiduous and particular in seeing that his instructions were carried out to his satisfaction, and the result must be exceedingly gratifying to him and to the directors. The Masonic hall is only one of the many buildings erected by Mr Cowan in this district, among the others being the well known residences of Meessrs. J. Levy, Mooneo Street; W. Murphy, Eglington street; G. Groube, Maribyrnong street; C. A. Arvier, Moonee Ponds ; and F. Paul, Mount Alexander road. It may also be mentioned that Mr Cowan generously presented the plans for the now local fire brigade tower which is acknowledged to be one of the strongest and most graceful around Melbourne, The new Masonic Hall does infinite credit to the borough, and in accommodation, design, and comfort it is not surpassed by any similar building of the kind outside the city.

Francis Powell (1861-) and Francis Hanmer (1858-1925) founded Powell and Hanmer Ltd in the Summer of 1885 for the manufacturer of bike and carriage lamps. Their first advertisements began to appear in November of 1885. Early models of the automobile, motorbike and bicycles used carbide lamps as headlamps. Acetylene gas, derived from carbide, enabled early automobiles to drive safely at night. Thick concave mirrors combined with magnifying lenses projected the acetylene flame light. These type of lights were used until reliable batteries and dynamos became available, and manufacturers switched to electric lights.Acetylene bicycle light carbide. Green and red side lens. 200 cm High. Inscription Powell & Hanmer Birmingham. Previous Catalogue Number 112.lighting, accessories, bicycle light

In the 1890s, American Ever-Ready Company founder Conrad Hubert invented the electric flash light which worked with his dry cell batteries . The first Ever Ready flash light was patented in 1898. The first portable flashlights were hand-made from crude paper and fibre tubes, with a bulb and a rough brass reflector. Because batteries were weak and bulbs primitive, flashlights of the era produced only a brief flash of light- thus the name. This torch is named a Bullseye because of the glass lens at the top.This torch helps to interpret the development of lighting. The collection of whale oil lamps as well as gas and electric lighting. Silver coloured metal torch. It has a body and a lid/top. The body is hip flask shaped. On the side of the body is a silver coloured metal button which can be slid up and down. On both the front and back of the body and the top centre are tow small raised circles. The top, which can be removed has a glass dome on it. The inside of the body has a small piece of contact metal where the slide button on the outside turn the torch on and off. In the centre at the top there is the light bulb. The base of the body can also be removed. The base has the makers mark EVER READY stamped on it.Lid light: FY (within a diamond shape) / PATENT 40092 Base: EVER READYlight, torch, lighting, portland, glenelg shire

Etched glass shades provided a decorative way to enhance oil or kerosene lamps. Decorative shades became popular in the 1700s and the etched glass shade reached peak popularity in the Victorian era.This lamp shade is part of a large collection of different types of lamps and burners and provides interpretive context to the history of lighting and its development as a decorative item.Glass domed lampshade. It has an opening at the top and the bottom. The top opening is larger than the bottom opening. The glass is etched with floral motifs and patterns.lamp, lighting, domestic item, glass etching

These wax tapers belonged to Dr.William Roy Angus, Surgeon and Oculist. They were donated to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village by his daughter, Bernice McDade. They are part of the “W.R. Angus Collection” that includes historical medical equipment, surgical instruments and material once belonging to Dr Edward Ryan and Dr Thomas Francis Ryan, (both of Nhill, Victoria) as well as Dr Angus’ own belongings. The Collection’s history spans the medical practices of the two Doctors Ryan, from 1885-1926 plus that of Dr Angus, up until 1969. ABOUT THE “W.R.ANGUS COLLECTION” Doctor William Roy Angus M.B., B.S., Adel., 1923, F.R.C.S. Edin.,1928 (also known as Dr Roy Angus) was born in Murrumbeena, Victoria in 1901 and lived until 1970. He qualified as a doctor in 1923 at University of Adelaide, was Resident Medical Officer at the Royal Adelaide Hospital in 1924 and for a period was house surgeon to Sir (then Mr.) Henry Simpson Newland. Dr Angus was briefly an Assistant to Dr Riddell of Kapunda, then commenced private practice at Curramulka, Yorke Peninsula, SA, where he was physician, surgeon and chemist. In 1926, he was appointed as new Medical Assistant to Dr Thomas Francis Ryan (T.F. Ryan, or Tom), in Nhill, Victoria, where his experiences included radiology and pharmacy. In 1927 he was Acting House Surgeon in Dr Tom Ryan’s absence. Dr Angus had become engaged to Gladys Forsyth and they decided he would take time to further his studies overseas in the UK in 1927. He studied at London University College Hospital and at Edinburgh Royal Infirmary and in 1928, was awarded FRCS (Fellow from the Royal College of Surgeons), Edinburgh. He worked his passage back to Australia as a Ship’s Surgeon on the on the Australian Commonwealth Line’s T.S.S. Largs Bay. Dr Angus married Gladys in 1929, in Ballarat. (They went on to have one son (Graham 1932, born in SA) and two daughters (Helen (died 12/07/1996) and Berenice (Berry), both born at Mira, Nhill ) Dr Angus was a ‘flying doctor’ for the A.I.M. (Australian Inland Ministry) Aerial Medical Service in 1928 . The organisation began in South Australia through the Presbyterian Church in that year, with its first station being in the remote town of Oodnadatta, where Dr Angus was stationed. He was locum tenens there on North-South Railway at 21 Mile Camp. He took up this ‘flying doctor’ position in response to a call from Dr John Flynn; the organisation was later known as the Flying Doctor Service, then the Royal Flying Doctor Service. A lot of his work during this time involved dental surgery also. Between 1928-1932 he was surgeon at the Curramulka Hospital, Yorke Peninsula, South Australia. In 1933 Dr Angus returned to Nhill where he’d previously worked as Medical Assistant and purchased a share of the Nelson Street practice and Mira hospital from Dr Les Middleton one of the Middleton Brothers, the current owners of what was once Dr Tom Ryan’s practice. Dr L Middleton was House Surgeon to the Nhill Hospital 1926-1933, when he resigned. [Dr Tom Ryan’s practice had originally belonged to his older brother Dr Edward Ryan, who came to Nhill in 1885. Dr Edward saw patients at his rooms, firstly in Victoria Street and in 1886 in Nelson Street, until 1901. The Nelson Street practice also had a 2 bed ward, called Mira Private Hospital ). Dr Edward Ryan was House Surgeon at the Nhill Hospital 1884-1902 . He also had occasions where he successfully performed veterinary surgery for the local farmers too. Dr Tom Ryan then purchased the practice from his brother in 1901. Both Dr Edward and Dr Tom Ryan work as surgeons included eye surgery. Dr Tom Ryan performed many of his operations in the Mira private hospital on his premises. He too was House Surgeon at the Nhill Hospital 1902-1926. Dr Tom Ryan had one of the only two pieces of radiology equipment in Victoria during his practicing years – The Royal Melbourne Hospital had the other one. Over the years Dr Tom Ryan gradually set up what was effectively a training school for country general-practitioner-surgeons. Each patient was carefully examined, including using the X-ray machine, and any surgery was discussed and planned with Dr Ryan’s assistants several days in advance. Dr Angus gained experience in using the X-ray machine there during his time as assistant to Dr Ryan. Dr Tom Ryan moved from Nhill in 1926. He became a Fellow of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons in 1927, soon after its formation, a rare accolade for a doctor outside any of the major cities. He remained a bachelor and died suddenly on 7th Dec 1955, aged 91, at his home in Ararat. Scholarships and prizes are still awarded to medical students in the honour of Dr T.F. Ryan and his father, Dr Michael Ryan, and brother, John Patrick Ryan. ] When Dr Angus bought into the Nelson Street premises in Nhill he was also appointed as the Nhill Hospital’s Honorary House Surgeon 1933-1938. His practitioner’s plate from his Nhill surgery states “HOURS Daily, except Tuesdays, Fridays and Saturday afternoons, 9-10am, 2-4pm, 7-8pm. Sundays by appointment”. This plate is now mounted on the doorway to the Port Medical Office at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village, Warrnambool. Dr Edward Ryan and Dr Tom Ryan had an extensive collection of historical medical equipment and materials spanning 1884-1926 and when Dr Angus took up practice in their old premises he obtained this collection, a large part of which is now on display at the Port Medical Office at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village in Warrnambool. During his time in Nhill Dr Angus was involved in the merging of the Mira Hospital and Nhill Public Hospital into one public hospital and the property titles passed on to Nhill Hospital in 1939. In 1939 Dr Angus and his family moved to Warrnambool where he purchased “Birchwood,” the 1852 home and medical practice of Dr John Hunter Henderson, at 214 Koroit Street. (This property was sold in1965 to the State Government and is now the site of the Warrnambool Police Station. ). The Angus family was able to afford gardeners, cooks and maids; their home was a popular place for visiting dignitaries to stay whilst visiting Warrnambool. Dr Angus had his own silk worm farm at home in a Mulberry tree. His young daughter used his centrifuge for spinning the silk. Dr Angus was appointed on a part-time basis as Port Medical Officer (Health Officer) in Warrnambool and held this position until the 1940’s when the government no longer required the service of a Port Medical Officer in Warrnambool; he was thus Warrnambool’s last serving Port Medical Officer. (The duties of a Port Medical Officer were outlined by the Colonial Secretary on 21st June, 1839 under the terms of the Quarantine Act. Masters of immigrant ships arriving in port reported incidents of diseases, illness and death and the Port Medical Officer made a decision on whether the ship required Quarantine and for how long, in this way preventing contagious illness from spreading from new immigrants to the residents already in the colony.) Dr Angus was a member of the Australian Medical Association, for 35 years and surgeon at the Warrnambool Base Hospital 1939-1942, He served as a Surgeon Captain during WWII1942-45, in Ballarat, Victoria, and in Bonegilla, N.S.W., completing his service just before the end of the war due to suffering from a heart attack. During his convalescence he carved an intricate and ‘most artistic’ chess set from the material that dentures were made from. He then studied ophthalmology at the Royal Melbourne Eye and Ear Hospital and created cosmetically superior artificial eyes by pioneering using the intrascleral cartilage. Angus received accolades from the Ophthalmological Society of Australasia for this work. He returned to Warrnambool to commence practice as an ophthalmologist, pioneering in artificial eye improvements. He was Honorary Consultant Ophthalmologist to Warrnambool Base Hospital for 31 years. He made monthly visits to Portland as a visiting surgeon, to perform eye surgery. He represented the Victorian South-West subdivision of the Australian Medical Association as its secretary between 1949 and 1956 and as chairman from 1956 to 1958. In 1968 Dr Angus was elected member of Spain’s Barraquer Institute of Barcelona after his research work in Intrasclearal cartilage grafting, becoming one of the few Australian ophthalmologists to receive this honour, and in the following year presented his final paper on Living Intrasclearal Cartilage Implants at the Inaugural Meeting of the Australian College of Ophthalmologists in Melbourne In his personal life Dr Angus was a Presbyterian and treated Sunday as a Sabbath, a day of rest. He would visit 3 or 4 country patients on a Sunday, taking his children along ‘for the ride’ and to visit with him. Sunday evenings he would play the pianola and sing Scottish songs to his family. One of Dr Angus’ patients was Margaret MacKenzie, author of a book on local shipwrecks that she’d seen as an eye witness from the late 1880’s in Peterborough, Victoria. In the early 1950’s Dr Angus, painted a picture of a shipwreck for the cover jacket of Margaret’s book, Shipwrecks and More Shipwrecks. She was blind in later life and her daughter wrote the actual book for her. Dr Angus and his wife Gladys were very involved in Warrnambool’s society with a strong interest in civic affairs. Their interests included organisations such as Red Cross, Rostrum, Warrnambool and District Historical Society (founding members), Wine and Food Society, Steering Committee for Tertiary Education in Warrnambool, Local National Trust, Good Neighbour Council, Housing Commission Advisory Board, United Services Institute, Legion of Ex-Servicemen, Olympic Pool Committee, Food for Britain Organisation, Warrnambool Hospital, Anti-Cancer Council, Boys’ Club, Charitable Council, National Fitness Council and Air Raid Precautions Group. He was also a member of the Steam Preservation Society and derived much pleasure from a steam traction engine on his farm. He had an interest in people and the community He and his wife Gladys were both involved in the creation of Flagstaff Hill, including the layout of the gardens. After his death (28th March 1970) his family requested his practitioner’s plate, medical instruments and some personal belongings be displayed in the Port Medical Office surgery at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village, and be called the “W. R. Angus Collection”.The W.R. Angus Collection is significant for still being located at the site it is connected with, Doctor Angus being the last Port Medical Officer in Warrnambool. The collection of medical instruments and other items and equipment is culturally significant, being an historical example of medicine from late 19th to mid-20th century. Dr Angus assisted Dr Tom Ryan, a pioneer in the use of X-rays and in ocular surgery.Two cardboard boxes of long, white wax tapers that have cotton wicks. Box 1 is blue and Box 2 is red. Both boxes have labels and inscriptions. The object is part of the W.R. Angus Collection. Box 1: 'Price's Dropless White Tapers Medium. 2 oz. For Lighting Candles, Gas & C. Manufactured in Great Britain. This label is issued by the Australian Candle Co. 859.' Also on the Price's logo: 'Price's Patent Candle Company Limited. London & Liverpool.' Box 2: 'Olympia Wax Tapers. Made by Olympia Waxes, Melbourne, Victoria. Two dozen Olympia Wax Tapers.'flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, wax tapers, candles, lighting, price's dropless white tapers, olympia wax tapers, gas stoves, gas lamps, gas fires, w.r. angus