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Federation University Historical Collection
Memorabilia - Menu, Federaton University Alumni Dinner - Ballarat Junior Technical School, 2023, 04/2023
On Saturday 22 April 2023 around 100 former Ballarat Junior Techncial School Students celebrated a reunion including tours of the Ballarat School of Mines Campus, and a dinner at Prospects Reataurant. A card menu used for a dinner held at Prospects Restaurant during a reunion of alumni from the Ballarat Junior Technical School. ballarat junior technical school, reunion, alumni, menu, prospects restaurant -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph, Ballarat School of Mines Corbould Building
Corbould Hall was named after Ballarat School of Mines alumni WIlliam Corbould. William Corbould was the son of a Ballarat tailor. He attended Ballarat College, and obtained certificates in assaying and metallurgy at the Ballarat School of Mines (SMB) in 1883, studying under the revered Professor Mica Smith. Corbould was not a born student and remembered his first experience at SMB: 'From the Registrar's Office I was led to be introduced to the Professor of Chemistry, one Mica Smith. The initial encounter gave me little encouragement - his large laboratory was filled with hundreds of bottles bearing strange labels with queer symbols on them. My heart sank. At the first opportunity I grabbed my hat and made for the door, but the good professor called me back. I pointed out that I was never any good at school ... so it was no use pretending to be clever enough to understand all those weird symbols! The Professor told me not to worry about that and took me to one of the benches where he found a blowpipe and a charcoal block. Mixing together two powders from bottles on the shelf he transferred a sample to the charcoal and directed the bunsen flame onto it. Soon it began to melt and a white bead appeared in front of my eyes. He then took a test tube and added a little colourless liquid from each of two bottles. A beautiful dark blue colour appeared. My interest was won.' During Corbould's mining career he travelled to Europe twice, and visited most of Australia's main mining fields. Corbould started his career as an assayer at Pinnacle Silver Mine, Silverton, and was then a self-employed assayer at Broken Hill. Corbould became an assayer for the infant BHP mine, and later worked in Kalgoorlie and Coolgardie, including managing Hannan's Reward, the oldest gold mine on the Kalgoorlie gold field. He spent 13 years at the Mount Elliott copper fields as general manager. In 1923, at the age of 57, Corbould went to Mount Isa and reported on options, experimented with new metallurgical processes and floated a company. John Carden of CRA said: 'Corbould was the man who brought Urquhart to Mount Isa. He was the man who made it all possible. He is tremendously important in the Mount Isa story, because he was the first technical man, the first professional man on the scene. He was responsible as I said, for bringing finance to the place, but I think even more importantly he was the first man to recognise the need to put all the little claims in the Mount Isa discovery together. I think perhaps his major contribution to Mount Isa was this amalgamation on the various claims. He recognised that the ore bodies at Mount Isa were not as rich as Broken Hill and they would never have survived had it been fragmented, so he was terribly important.' After completing major financial negotiations for Mt Isa Mine from London in 1927 Corbould remained in Europe where he remained until his death. Corbould was awarded the Legion of Honour of the American Institute of Mining and Metallurigical Engineers for fifty years service. Corbould died at Monaco in 1949 at the age of 82. He bequested 6000 pounds to the Ballarat School of Mines, his will stating 'for the purpose of founding a scholarship to commemorate the memory of the late Alfred Mica Smith'. The accumulated income from this sum provides the Mica Smith travelling scholarship, enabling successful students in mining, metallurgy or chemistry to undertake a year's travelling abroad. The first award was made in 1957. In the same year a general purpose hall at SMB was named the Corbould Hall as a tribute to a distinguished former student and generous benefactor.ballarat school of mines corbould building, corbould hall, corbould building -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph, Heather Walton (Durant)
Heather Walton married Bill Durant. She worked at the Ballarat School of Mines library for decades, and retired from the University of Ballarat.A portrait of Heather Walton at a student ball. heather durant, heather walton, alumni, staffmember, university women, library -
Federation University Historical Collection
Article - Article - Women, Ballarat School of Mines: Women of Note; Betty Collier, Artist
Betty Collier was a student of the Ballarat Technical Art School in 1959 and later became a long term teacher at the SMB Arts Academy until 2005. Her work covers many areas of art - painting, drawing, sculpture using various materials and techniques. Examples of her large sculptures are exhibited in the Library at SMB Campus. Betty has also exhibited her work overseas.women of note, betty collier, artist, ballarat technical art school, student, teacher, arts academy, painting, drawing, sculpture, overseas -
Federation University Historical Collection
Article - Article - Women, Ballarat School of Mines: Women of Note; Margaret Baker
Margaret Baker enrolled as student 295 on 2 August 1875 and attended seven lectures in applied magnetism and electricity. She was one of the first women to attend classes at Ballarat School of Mines (SMB). Women had only been admitted to the school for telegraphy courses in 1874. There appeared to be some concerns that the courses in magnetism and electricity were not associated with mining. They were not mentioned in the annual reports of 1875-76 which commented that: 'The objects of The School of Mines are, to provide means of instruction in all things pertaining to mining, and to examine into the qualifications of persons engaged in mining.' By 1879 the Council proposed securing the services of competent lecturers in Geology, Mineralogy, Electricity and Magnetism,school of mines ballarat, smb, margaret baker, applied magnetism, electricity, first woman to study electricity and applied magnetism, telegraphy courses, mining courses, women of note -
Federation University Historical Collection
Article - Article - Women, Ballarat School of Mines: Women of Note; Martha Pinkerton, Established Art Scholarship in perpetuity, (1864 - 1939)
Martha Pinkerton and her brother Frank Pinkerton were longstanding supporters of the Ballarat School of Mines and its students. Following their deaths in the 1930s, the School became the recipient of two important bequests that were to lead to the establishment in perpetuity of the following student scholarships: firstly, the Frank Pinkerton scholarship valued at £30 per annum for three years and free tuition in architecture, metallurgy, applied chemistry, mining, electrical, mechanical or civil engineering-and secondly, the Martha K. Pinkerton art scholarship of the same value, 'for talented and deserving students from the City and District of Ballarat'. In the early 1930's Martha, who was a past student at the SMB Art and Technical School, began to give a succession of practical donations to the institution which commenced during the Depression years. Thereafter, for approximately a decade until her early death, she continued to donate £50 annually to assist with the payment of the fees of students at the Technical Art School who were experiencing financial difficulties.women of note, ballarat school of mines, martha pinkerton, bequests, frank pinkerton, scholarships, technical art school, art student, bequests in perpetuity, 1930s, depression years, payment of fees financial difficulties -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph - Image - Black and White, Ballarat School of Mines Students' Football Team, 1922, 1922
A portrait of the Ballarat School of Mines first 18. The are depicted in their football jumper. Percy Tronpf is identified at 'A find from the Art School, who plays a solid game in the half back line. percy trompf, cottier, timmings, renkin, finlayson, morallee, rowsell, hall, williams, middleditch, chick, dowling, knight, shattock, mcdougall, david, sheppard, dowsing -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph - Image - Black and White, Ballarat School of Mines Students' Magazine Editorial Committee, 1921, 1921
The first Ballarat School of Mines Students' Magazine was published in 1898.A group portrait of the Ballarat School of Mines editorial staff. Back row (left to right): G. Munro, R.L. Whitla, A.W. Middleditch, D. Whitehead, J. Ellsworth, H.A. Maddison (Miltary), D.R. Evans Front row (left to right): V. Gilchrist, Harold Jolly (Staff Rep), Percival A. Trompf (Editor), N. Hay, E. McKissockpercy trompf, harold jolly, c. mcilvena, e. mckissock, v. gilchrist, ballarat school of mines, students' magazine, dorothy whitehead, essie mckissock -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph - Image - Black and White, Ballarat School of Mines Students' Magazine Editorial Committee, 1920, 1920
A group portrait of the Ballarat School of Mines editorial staff. Back row (left to right):E. Kift, K. Jebb, Percy Trompf (Secretary) Front row (left to right): D. Whitehead, C.C. McNamara (Editor), R.L. Cutter (Staff rep), E. McKissockpercy trompf, harold jolly, c. mcilvena, e. mckissock, v. gilchrist, ballarat school of mines, students' magazine, essie mckissock, dorothy whitehead, claudia mcilvena -
Federation University Historical Collection
Equipment - Object, Artist's Box, c 1940
Edith (Alice) Watson (1914–2010) studied at the Ballarat Technical Art School, at the School of Mines Ballarat, from 1930 until 1933. Watson was warmly regarded in her home town, Murtoa, easily winning local fundraiser, ‘Most Popular Girl’ in 1936. Upon graduating, Watson taught at the Murtoa High School, living with her parents until their deaths 1972 and 1988. Watson was 74 years old. Alice Watson died in Ballarat, aged 95, having conserved her beautiful student folio. Alice's comprehensive folio of Ballarat Technical Art School work is held by the University's Geoffrey Blainey Research Centre.A cardboard box containing items used by Alice Watson to produce paintings. The items included are: tubes of oil colour; two paint palettes; paint brushes; imperial measure tape measure; pencils; an erasure; two pencil sharpeners; a roll of brown, gummed tape; small, round container of various pins; a State Savings Bank Victoria ruler; and a collection of scraps of artists paper held together with a metal clip which includes a list of paint colour names and a design tracing of a fuschia. There is a small, plywood, stretching board. alice watson, edith alice watson, ballarat school of mines, artists workbook, ballarat technical art school, paint, oil paint -
Federation University Historical Collection
Drawing, Student's Technical Drawing
Two technical Drawings of a wheel alighnment pit and a proposed arrangment for Dynamometer and Inspection Pit.technical drawing, ballarat school of mines -
Federation University Historical Collection
Artwork - Print, P. Martin, Bickart's Lino Cut Competition First Prize Winner Artwork, 1940
Ballarat School of Mines and Industries is a predecessor of Federation University.Blue, Black, white and red artwork for the Bickart's Lino Cut Competition at School of Mines Ballarat published in the School of Mines Ballarat Students Magazine 1940. First Prize - Section "C" - P.Martin. Bickart's, The Modern and Practical Jewellers.ballarat school of mines, ballarat school of mines and industries, p. martin, bickart's, lino cut, competition, bickart's lino cut competition -
Federation University Historical Collection
Artwork - Print, B. Sargeant, Bickart's Lino Cut Competition Second Prize Winner Artwork, 1940
Ballarat School of Mines and Industries is a predecessor of Federation University.Blue, Black, white and red artwork for the Bickart's Lino Cut Competition at School of Mines Ballarat published in the School of Mines Ballarat Students Magazine 1940. Second Prize - Section "A" - B. Sargeant. Bickart's, The Modern and Practical Jewellers.ballarat school of mines, ballarat school of mines and industries, bickart's, lino cut, competition, bickart's lino cut competition, b. sargeant -
Federation University Historical Collection
Artwork - Print, B. Sargeant, Bickart's Lino Cut Competition First Prize Winner Artwork, 1940
Ballarat School of Mines and Industries is a predecessor of Federation University.Blue, Black, white and red artwork for the Bickart's Lino Cut Competition at School of Mines Ballarat published in the School of Mines Ballarat Students Magazine 1940. First Prize - Section "B" - S.Moss. Bickart's, The Modern and Practical Jewellers.ballarat school of mines, ballarat school of mines and industries, bickart's, lino cut, competition, bickart's lino cut competition, s. moss -
Federation University Historical Collection
Artwork - Print, B. Sargeant, Bickart's Lino Cut Competition Second Prize Winner Artwork, 1940
Ballarat School of Mines and Industries is a predecessor of Federation University.Blue, Black, white and red artwork for the Bickart's Lino Cut Competition at School of Mines Ballarat published in the School of Mines Ballarat Students Magazine 1940. Second Prize - Section "B" - B. Sargeant. Bickart's, The Modern and Practical Jewellers.ballarat school of mines, ballarat school of mines and industries, bickart's, lino cut, competition, bickart's lino cut competition, b. sargeant -
Federation University Historical Collection
Artwork - Image of drawing, Fifi Malseed, Image of drawing of "Recess time" by Fifi Malseed, 1940
Ballarat School of Mines is a predecessor of Federation UniversityImage of drawing by Fifi Malseed titled "Recess time" published in the 1940 School of Mines Ballarat Student Magazine. drawing, ballarat school of mines students' magazine 1940, ballarat school of mines and industries, ballarat school of mines, fifi malseed, recess time -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph - Photograph - Black and White, School of Mines Ballarat Magazine Committee, 1940, 1940
Ballarat School of Mines is a predecessor of Federation UniversityBlack and white photograph of School of Mines Magazine Committee, 1940. Names B. Martin, A. Gordon, G. Sutherland, G. Myers, A. Kersey, J. Hassell, E. Boustead, A. Janetski, G. Mounter, E. Scott, G. Downing, M. Dark, A. Ward, A. Helm, L. Griffin, A. Henderson, J. Wilkinson, J. Martin, Dr. Pound, M. Coward, M. Mein, F.G. Procter, G. Yorke, J. Evans. ballarat school of mines students' magazine committee, magazine committee, b. martin, a. gordon, g. sutherland, g. myers, a. kersey, j. hassell, e. boustead, a. janetski, g. mounter, e. scott, g. downing, m. dark, a. ward, a. helm, l. griffin, a. henderson, j. wilkinson, j. martin, dr. j. r. pound, m. coward, m. mein, f.g procter, g. yorke, j. evans, dr. pound, f.g. procter -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph - Black and White, Junior Technical School Football Team, 1940, 1940
Ballarat School of Mines is a predecessor of Federation UniversityBlack and white photograph of Junior Technical School Football Team. Names L. Smyth, T. Davies, B. Saunders, J. Cox, J. Medwell, I. Grigg, G. Lehman, J. Fletcher, B. Stoneman, K. Bridges, K. Sperber, M. Hetherington, V. Browning, B. Neale, G. Harrison, N. Pitts, K. Silvey.ballarat school of mines students' magazine committee, junior technical school football team, ballarat junior technical school football team, l. smyth, t. davies, b. saunders, j. cox, j. medwell, i. grigg, g. lehman, j. fletcher, b. stoneman, k. bridges, k. sperber, m. hetherington, v. browning, b. neale, g. harrison, n. pitts, k. silvey -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph - Black and White, Junior Technical School Tennis Team, 1940, 1940
Ballarat School of Mines is a predecessor of Federation UniversityBlack and white photograph of Junior Technical School Tennis Team. Names J. Cox, Mr. Hosie, L. Sutherland, W. Rowe, I McLaughlinballarat school of mines students' magazine committee, junior technical school tennis team, ballarat junior technical school tennis team, j. cox, mr hosie, l. sutherland, w. rowe, i. mclaughlan -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph - Black and White, School of Mines Ballarat Hockey Team 1940, 1940
Ballarat School of Mines is a predecessor of Federation UniversityBlack and white formal photograph of School of Mines Ballarat Hockey Team 1940. Names L. George, H. Patterson, U. Chisholm, B. Robertson, A. Howard, L. McPherson, J. McCarthy, M. Kerr, L. Stephens, L. Halliday, J. Martin, A. Janetski, J. Daniel, J. Horsey.on back in pencil "1940"ballarat school of mines students' magazine committee, ballarat school of mines hockey team 1940, school of mines hockey team 1940, l. george, h. patterson, u. chisholm, b. robertson, a. howard, l. mcpherson, l. stephens, l. halliday, j. martin, a. janetski, j. daniel, j. horsey -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph - Black and White, School of Mines Ballarat Basketball Team 1940, 1940
Ballarat School of Mines is a predecessor of Federation UniversityBlack and white formal photograph of School of Mines Ballarat Basketball Team 1940. Names P. Martin, L. Halliday, L. Morish, C. Clogan, M. Cartledge, E. Bell, J.Martin, J. Daniel, W. Hender. Two caricatures of June (by Joe W.) and Joyce (by Max Coward)ballarat school of mines students' magazine committee, ballarat school of mines basketball team 1940, school of mines basketball team 1940, j. martin, j. daniel, p. martin, l. halliday, l. morish, c. clogan, m. cartledge, e. bell, w. hender, max coward -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph - Black and White, Ballarat School of Mines Cricket and Athletic Team, 1940, 1940
Ballarat School of Mines is a predecessor of Federation UniversityBlack and white photograph of School of Mines Cricket Team, 1940. Names Cricket D. Menhennet, P. Richards, ?. Evans, F. Badenthorpe, J.Hassell, R. Monteith, J. Wilkinson, F. Jelbart, G. Crouch, M. Coward. Athletics W. Kearney, A. Daff, J.Wilkinson, D.Menhennet, J. Hassell, F. Jelbart, Mr Cornell, A. Gilpin, P. Richards, ballarat school of mines students' magazine committee, d. menhennett, p. richards, j. hassell, r. monteith, j. wilkinson, f. jelbart, d. jelbart, j. gibbs, ballarat school of mines cricket team, ballarat school of mines athletic team, school of mines cricket team, mr cornell, a. gilpin, w. kearney, a. daff -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph - Black and White, Ballarat School of Mines Football Team, 1940, 1940
Ballarat School of Mines is a predecessor of Federation UniversityBlack and white photograph of Ballarat School of Mines Football Team. ballarat school of mines students' magazine committee, ballarat school of mines football team, mr hillman, a.scott, k. gingell, m. lawrence, m. coward, l. diamond, mr cornell, d. menhennet, j. coad, c. plumb, g. angwin, d. eltringham, j. mcclure, g. crouch, g. downing, p. richards, f. jelbart, r. monteith, j. wilkinson, a. gilpin, j. hassell, d. gilmore, d. jelbart, l. mclachlan -
Federation University Historical Collection
Booklet, Ballarat School of Mines Students' Magazine, 1964, 1964
Ballarat School of Mines Students' Magazine was a Students' Association magazine. The president was G.N. Hart and the 1964 editors were Kelvin Whitford and Armand Krastins. The cover was designed by Colin Jellet. Advertising was obtained by Jon McDonald and Peter Smith. Active collaborators were John Costa, Ken Delany, Roger Lonsdale, John Byrne and Bobby Ong Gim Sen. Harry Arblaster retired in 1964 as the Principal of the Ballarat School of Mines, and E.J. Barker was appointed in his place. The Vice-Principal was H.J. TrudingerYellow/orange soft covered book of 96 pages. Articles include: Initiation, The creative Personality, Folk Singing by the Miners, SMB Silent Movies Inc., Red Roar and the Commie Threat, Paleopyrology, Conventional Wisdom, B-Day, The Malaysian Student in Australia, Moral Heresy, Sport, The Past and the Future?, The Possibility of Fusion Power, School Council, Members of Staff, list of full time diploma students. Those who had diplomas conferred were listed, as were the prize winners. Snippets: D.M. Pollard won the R.W. Richards Medal; John Costa was SRC Secretary, Jon McDonald was SRC President Images are named and include student activities Advertisement include: Ronaldson Brothers and Tippett; Electrolytic Zinc Company, Myers, Mount Isa Mines, Austaluco Aluminium, Owen's of Ballarat, Alexandria Tea Rooms, Roy Brack's Men's Wear, Lamanz, A.J. William Electrical Instruments, H.B. Selby, M.G. Taylor, T.J. Coutts, Ballaarat Gas Company, H.A. Davis Motor Service, Henderson-Palmer, Coca-Cola, Philps Electrical Industries, the Wattle, Eclipse Motors, BHP, M.B. John & Hattersley, Sheffield's Record Bar, Andrew Gault, Tait Book Company, Broken Hill Associated Smelters, Ballarat Colour Centre, Morsheads, Commonwealth Aircraft Corporation, J.J. Mortimer, Ewins, Gallery 321, J.a. Hoskinballarat school of mines, students' association, ray windmill, kelvin whitford, jennifer boyd, malcolm park, jutta bacsak, noel brady, gloria medlyn, ken felstead, jan butterworth, wayne collins, diana berry, lora richter, arblaster, stephen drew, judi woodward, michael moissinac, marilyn barclay, jon mcdonald, gloria roberts, ratnam nachiappan, jeni milbourne, daila berzins, bernard livingston, trudinger, barker, ballarat asian students' association, margaret leong, yew har ong, william cheng, elen leong, joan wright, poh teck shen, kristine goodier, kok fong ho, robert grub, tan joo lim, craig's royal hotel, tim joo lim -
Federation University Historical Collection
Book, Ballarat School of Mines Students and Australian Institute of Mining Engineers at the Central Mine, Broken Hill, 1906, 1906
Each year The Australian Insitutue of Mining Engineers held a meeting in an important mining district or township. In 1906, via the good offices of David Ham an invitation was extended to the Ballarat students to take part in a trip to Broken Hill, via Wallaroo and Moonta, and Port Pirie. They left the Ballarat station on Saturday May 19, 1906 aboard the Adelaide Express. The Ballarat party consisted of David Ham (Ballarat School of Mines Council Member); staff members Frederick J. Martell, A.D. Gilchrist, John Sutherland, A.E.C. Kerr, A. Garard and E.J. McConnon. The attending students were W.P. Avery, M. Boyer, M.H. Bade, E. Booth, E. Crossly, A. Cooper, G.H. Davenport, W.E. Figgis, R. Galloway, C. Hesselmann, H. Hawkesworth, M. McCallum, H.F. Owen, W. Pearce, W. Sayer, J. Sutherand, Arthur E. Tandy and H.C. Valentine. Students were also present from the Working Men's College (later RMIT), Bairnsdale School of Mines, Melbourne University and the Bendigo School of Mines. Members of Australian Institute of Mining Engineers and students from the Ballarat School of Mines at the Central Mine, Broken Hill. It is assumed the Ballarat School of Mines students are in the boater hats with the striped hat braid. ballarat school of mines, australian institute of mining engineers, central mine, broken hill, broken hill, visits, excursions, david ham, frederick j. martell, a.d. gilchrist, john sutherland, a.e.c. kerr, a. garard, e.j. mcconnon, w.p. avery, m. boyer, m.h. bade, e. booth, e. crossly, a. cooper, g.h. davenport, w.e. figgis, r. galloway, c. hesselmann, h. hawkesworth, m. mccallum, h.f. owen, w. pearce, w. sayer, j. sutherand, arthur e. tandy, h.c. valentine. -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph - Photograph - Black and White, Lunching Students at the Ballarat School of Mines
Black and white photograph of students in the Ballarat School of Mines.grounds.ballarat school of mines, gordon hale, student activities -
Federation University Historical Collection
Document - Document - Letter, Ballarat Junior Technical School: Letters and Brochures from John E Johnstone, Diver re the salvaging of gold from the ocean. 1958
Letters written to Mr Garner and Mr Richards from John Johnstone. He was a diver and was wondering if he could talk to the students about salvage work from the oceans. Talk titled "Salvage from the Sea" and tells of how over eight tons of gold was recovered from the wreck of the R M S "Niagara" off the coast of New Zealand.2 hand written letters on beige writing paper - thick Brochure - blue and white with blue printing.Signature on letters John E Johnstoneballarat junior technical school, head master, l garner, school of mines and industries, r richards, principal, john e johnstone, salvage from the sea, r m s niagra, gold bullion, new zealand coast, film screening for school -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph, Clare Gervasoni, Ginger in the Ballarat School of Mines Gardens, 26/03/2017
The Ballarat School of Mines Botanical Gardens were established in 1879, and are situated at the rear of the current administration building. The gardens enabled the students to sit for examinations for registration by the Pharmacy Board of Victoria. An important aspect of this course was the study of Materia Medica, or botanical materials used for medicinal purposes.Colour photograph of ginger in the botanical garden sat the back of the Ballarat School of Mines Administration Building.smb botanical gardens, botanical gardens, smb, ballarat school of mines, school of mines ballarat, ballarat, photograph, ginger -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph, Clare Gervasoni, Pomegranite in the Ballarat School of Mines Gardens, 26/03/2017
The Ballarat School of Mines Botanical Gardens were established in 1879, and are situated at the rear of the current administration building. The gardens enabled the students to sit for examinations for registration by the Pharmacy Board of Victoria. An important aspect of this course was the study of Materia Medica, or botanical materials used for medicinal purposes.Colour photograph of a pomegranite in the Pomegranite tree in the Ballarat School of Mines Botanical Gardens.smb botanical gardens, botanical gardens, smb, ballarat school of mines, school of mines ballarat, ballarat, photograph, pomegranite -
Federation University Historical Collection
Document, John Crump and Ceramics Students
John Crump and Ceramics Studentsballarat school of mines, ceramics, john crump, bev sylvia, leonie pearson