Diggers & Mining. Stores at the diggings. (Continued) . . . At Ballarat in more lawless days, when Mr Armstrong had it entirely his own way, he used to collect a bundle of faggots, pile them up in the middle of the forfeited tent, and set the whole concern in a blaze - burning them out, furniture, merchandise, and clothing; and yet, even to this, unauthorised as it was, they never offered serious resistance. On the present occasion the culprit seemed to fear that Mr. Armstrong was going to do the, and humbly begged and exemption for his ''traps'', which was graciously granted. In the course of the day this man was fined 100pound (it being a second offence), which he paid before the night; such are the profits of illicit trade . . . These seizures are pretty frequent; Mr. Armstrong tells me he had as many as nine bonfires blazing together at night in various parts. Markings: 34 994.LIF. 5. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Francis John Newberry founded the Victoria Foundry and Enameling Works in 1890 with a workmate from the Humbles iron foundry in Lupton Street Geelong where he worked. Newberry & Walker Foundry & Enameling Works was built adjoining a cottage that was to be the home of the Newberry family during the ensuing years. Although Walker soon relocated to New Zealand, the Newberry and Walker foundry had become a local success. The foundry produced numerous cast iron products such as washing copper frames, and friezes, balustrades and verandah columns. Verandah posts are to be found in declining numbers, but the Newberry and Walker mark can sometimes be seen on the few which remain. A certain number of iron culvert posts were also made; some of them were still in place on the road to Cressy as late as 1961. Perhaps half the iron friezes on Geelong West verandahs came from the local firm’s foundry. A significant item made in Geelong giving a snapshot into the early beginnings of Victoria's industrial manufacturing of products that helped to replace previously imported items from England or America.Copper boiling tub, cast iron frame copper bowl inside of 14 gallon capacity Newberry & Walkerflagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, copper, cast iron, newberry & walker, washing copper frame, laundry, dairy, butchering

xxi, 283 p. : ill., facsims., map, ports. ; 23 cm. Includes index and bibliographical references: p. 264-273.non-fiction'I'm your half-brother and I'm here to stay. This is my home.' With these words Wilmot Abraham sought refuge with his white relations. 'Did you ever read your history?': Mrs. Mary Clarke remembers p. 1 'An old hand': Jim Cain p. 12 'I'm your half-brother, and I'm here to stay': Wilmot Abraham p. 36 The Three Pompeys The Written Record p. 48 Banjo Clarke's Stories p. 62 'Why did they take them away?': Lizzie and Henry McCrae p. 74 In Defence of Framlingham: Collin Hood p. 79 Double Dispossession: King David p. 107 James Dawson's Informants p. 137 'Why are we kept prisoners here?': Ernest and Maggie Mobourne p. 148 'The old ones, they wouldn't tell us nothing': Mrs. Connie Hart's memories p. 181 'Breaking the cycle is the hard thing to do': Geoff Rose, a stolen child p. 200 Epilogue: James Dawson, Camperdown George and the Obelisk p. 220 The Hood Family p. 238 The Mobourne Letters p. 241 Abbreviations p. 252 Notes p. 252 Bibliography p. 264 Index p. 274 western district (vic.) -- colonization., aboriginal australians -- victoria -- western district -- history., aboriginal australians -- victoria -- western district -- interviews, race relations - racial discrimination., child welfare - child / parent separation - stolen generations., history - biographies - indigenous., book

The David Christmas memorial is situated on the south side of One Tree Hill Road, at Watsons Creek. As a young man, Welshman David Christmas had been transported to Van Dienman's Land for a relatively minor offence. In 1836, having received a pardon, he came to Port Phillip, where, in 1842, he was hired as a shepherd by district pioneer, Joseph Stevenson. In 1992, a roadside plaque commemorating the shepherd who gave his name to the district was set in place over his presumed bush gravesite. The plaque was unveiled by two of Stevenson's grandsons, Bruce and Don Ness. FROM: Christmas Hills Past and Present, Yarra Glen & District Historical Society, 2004. 1842-1992 In memory of David Christmas born Cardiganshire 1797 Transported to Van Dieman's Land for the term of his natural life 1822 Granted a free pardon 1826 "From this humble shepherd these hills have gained their name" Roll of 35mm colour negative film, 1 strip (2 frames)Fuji 200david christmas, christmas hills, memorials, watsons creek, plaque

The David Christmas memorial is situated on the south side of One Tree Hill Road, at Watsons Creek. As a young man, Welshman David Christmas had been transported to Van Dienman's Land for a relatively minor offence. In 1836, having received a pardon, he came to Port Phillip, where, in 1842, he was hired as a shepherd by district pioneer, Joseph Stevenson. In 1992, a roadside plaque commemorating the shepherd who gave his name to the district was set in place over his presumed bush gravesite. The plaque was unveiled by two of Stevenson's grandsons, Bruce and Don Ness. FROM: Christmas Hills Past and Present, Yarra Glen & District Historical Society, 2004. The plaque reads: 1842-1992 In memory of David Christmas born Cardiganshire 1797 Transported to Van Dieman's Land for the term of his natural life 1822 Granted a free pardon 1826 "From this humble shepherd these hills have gained their name"Colour photographactivities, ceremonies, david christmas, memorials, unveiling ceremony, christmas hills, watsons creek

The David Christmas memorial is situated on the south side of One Tree Hill Road, at Watsons Creek. As a young man, Welshman David Christmas had been transported to Van Dienman's Land for a relatively minor offence. In 1836, having received a pardon, he came to Port Phillip, where, in 1842, he was hired as a shepherd by district pioneer, Joseph Stevenson. In 1992, a roadside plaque commemorating the shepherd who gave his name to the district was set in place over his presumed bush gravesite. The plaque was unveiled by two of Stevenson's grandsons, Bruce and Don Ness. FROM: Christmas Hills Past and Present, Yarra Glen & District Historical Society, 2004. The plaque reads: 1842-1992 In memory of David Christmas born Cardiganshire 1797 Transported to Van Dieman's Land for the term of his natural life 1822 Granted a free pardon 1826 "From this humble shepherd these hills have gained their name"Colour photographactivities, ceremonies, david christmas, memorials, unveiling ceremony, ness family, watsons creek, christmas hills

The David Christmas memorial is situated on the south side of One Tree Hill Road, at Watsons Creek. As a young man, Welshman David Christmas had been transported to Van Dienman's Land for a relatively minor offence. In 1836, having received a pardon, he came to Port Phillip, where, in 1842, he was hired as a shepherd by district pioneer, Joseph Stevenson. In 1992, a roadside plaque commemorating the shepherd who gave his name to the district was set in place over his presumed bush gravesite. The plaque was unveiled by two of Stevenson's grandsons, Bruce and Don Ness. FROM: Christmas Hills Past and Present, Yarra Glen & District Historical Society, 2004. The plaque reads: 1842-1992 In memory of David Christmas born Cardiganshire 1797 Transported to Van Dieman's Land for the term of his natural life 1822 Granted a free pardon 1826 "From this humble shepherd these hills have gained their name"Colour photographactivities, ceremonies, david christmas, memorials, unveiling ceremony, christmas hills, watsons creek

The David Christmas memorial is situated on the south side of One Tree Hill Road, at Watsons Creek. As a young man, Welshman David Christmas had been transported to Van Dienman's Land for a relatively minor offence. In 1836, having received a pardon, he came to Port Phillip, where, in 1842, he was hired as a shepherd by district pioneer, Joseph Stevenson. In 1992, a roadside plaque commemorating the shepherd who gave his name to the district was set in place over his presumed bush gravesite. The plaque was unveiled by two of Stevenson's grandsons, Bruce and Don Ness. FROM: Christmas Hills Past and Present, Yarra Glen & District Historical Society, 2004. The plaque reads: 1842-1992 In memory of David Christmas born Cardiganshire 1797 Transported to Van Dieman's Land for the term of his natural life 1822 Granted a free pardon 1826 "From this humble shepherd these hills have gained their name"Colour photographactivities, ceremonies, david christmas, memorials, unveiling ceremony, christmas hills, watsons creek

The David Christmas memorial is situated on the south side of One Tree Hill Road, at Watsons Creek. As a young man, Welshman David Christmas had been transported to Van Dienman's Land for a relatively minor offence. In 1836, having received a pardon, he came to Port Phillip, where, in 1842, he was hired as a shepherd by district pioneer, Joseph Stevenson. In 1992, a roadside plaque commemorating the shepherd who gave his name to the district was set in place over his presumed bush gravesite. The plaque was unveiled by two of Stevenson's grandsons, Bruce and Don Ness. FROM: Christmas Hills Past and Present, Yarra Glen & District Historical Society, 2004. The plaque reads: 1842-1992 In memory of David Christmas born Cardiganshire 1797 Transported to Van Dieman's Land for the term of his natural life 1822 Granted a free pardon 1826 "From this humble shepherd these hills have gained their name"Colour photographactivities, ceremonies, david christmas, memorials, unveiling ceremony, christmas hills, watsons creek

The David Christmas memorial is situated on the south side of One Tree Hill Road, at Watsons Creek. As a young man, Welshman David Christmas had been transported to Van Dienman's Land for a relatively minor offence. In 1836, having received a pardon, he came to Port Phillip, where, in 1842, he was hired as a shepherd by district pioneer, Joseph Stevenson. In 1992, a roadside plaque commemorating the shepherd who gave his name to the district was set in place over his presumed bush gravesite. The plaque was unveiled by two of Stevenson's grandsons, Bruce and Don Ness. FROM: Christmas Hills Past and Present, Yarra Glen & District Historical Society, 2004. The plaque reads: 1842-1992 In memory of David Christmas born Cardiganshire 1797 Transported to Van Dieman's Land for the term of his natural life 1822 Granted a free pardon 1826 "From this humble shepherd these hills have gained their name"Colour photographactivities, ceremonies, david christmas, memorials, unveiling ceremony, ness family, christmas hills, watsons creek

The David Christmas memorial is situated on the south side of One Tree Hill Road, at Watsons Creek. As a young man, Welshman David Christmas had been transported to Van Dienman's Land for a relatively minor offence. In 1836, having received a pardon, he came to Port Phillip, where, in 1842, he was hired as a shepherd by district pioneer, Joseph Stevenson. In 1992, a roadside plaque commemorating the shepherd who gave his name to the district was set in place over his presumed bush gravesite. The plaque was unveiled by two of Stevenson's grandsons, Bruce and Don Ness. FROM: Christmas Hills Past and Present, Yarra Glen & District Historical Society, 2004. The plaque reads: 1842-1992 In memory of David Christmas born Cardiganshire 1797 Transported to Van Dieman's Land for the term of his natural life 1822 Granted a free pardon 1826 "From this humble shepherd these hills have gained their name"Colour photographactivities, ceremonies, david christmas, memorials, unveiling ceremony, flags, christmas hills

The David Christmas memorial is situated on the south side of One Tree Hill Road, at Watsons Creek. As a young man, Welshman David Christmas had been transported to Van Dienman's Land for a relatively minor offence. In 1836, having received a pardon, he came to Port Phillip, where, in 1842, he was hired as a shepherd by district pioneer, Joseph Stevenson. In 1992, a roadside plaque commemorating the shepherd who gave his name to the district was set in place over his presumed bush gravesite. The plaque was unveiled by two of Stevenson's grandsons, Bruce and Don Ness. FROM: Christmas Hills Past and Present, Yarra Glen & District Historical Society, 2004. The plaque reads: 1842-1992 In memory of David Christmas born Cardiganshire 1797 Transported to Van Dieman's Land for the term of his natural life 1822 Granted a free pardon 1826 "From this humble shepherd these hills have gained their name"Colour photographactivities, ceremonies, david christmas, memorials, unveiling ceremony, christmas hills, watsons creek, plaque

The David Christmas memorial is situated on the south side of One Tree Hill Road, at Watsons Creek. As a young man, Welshman David Christmas had been transported to Van Dienman's Land for a relatively minor offence. In 1836, having received a pardon, he came to Port Phillip, where, in 1842, he was hired as a shepherd by district pioneer, Joseph Stevenson. In 1992, a roadside plaque commemorating the shepherd who gave his name to the district was set in place over his presumed bush gravesite. The plaque was unveiled by two of Stevenson's grandsons, Bruce and Don Ness. FROM: Christmas Hills Past and Present, Yarra Glen & District Historical Society, 2004. 1842-1992 In memory of David Christmas born Cardiganshire 1797 Transported to Van Dieman's Land for the term of thi natural life 1822 Granted a free pardon 1826 "From this humble shepherd these hills have gained their name" Colour photographdavid christmas, memorials, christmas hills, plaque, watsons creek

The David Christmas memorial is situated on the south side of One Tree Hill Road, at Watsons Creek. As a young man, Welshman David Christmas had been transported to Van Dienman's Land for a relatively minor offence. In 1836, having received a pardon, he came to Port Phillip, where, in 1842, he was hired as a shepherd by district pioneer, Joseph Stevenson. In 1992, a roadside plaque commemorating the shepherd who gave his name to the district was set in place over his presumed bush gravesite. The plaque was unveiled by two of Stevenson's grandsons, Bruce and Don Ness. FROM: Christmas Hills Past and Present, Yarra Glen & District Historical Society, 2004. The plaque reads: 1842-1992 In memory of David Christmas born Cardiganshire 1797 Transported to Van Dieman's Land for the term of his natural life 1822 Granted a free pardon 1826 "From this humble shepherd these hills have gained their name"Colour photographactivities, heritage excursion, david christmas, watsons creek, christmas hills, plaque

The town borrows its name from the Koroitch Gundidj people who occupied the area prior to European settlement. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koroit, accessed 21 December 2016) Koroit was first surveyed as a township in 1847. Around the 1850 the district had the highest population of Irish immigrants in rural Australia. The Koroit Post Office was designed by architect and engineer John Mason of Port Fairy. (Moyne Shire Heritage Study 2006 Stage 2, Volume 2: Environmental History, Prepared for Moyne Shire Council Helen Doyle in association with Context Pty Ltd, 2006.) Rosebrook Bridge, Rosebrook (1853; replaced) Post Office buildings, Bank Street, Port Fairy (c.1857) The author Henry Handel Richardson lived in the Koroit Post Office as a child after her family moved to Koroit in 1878. Remembering Koroit from her youth, the third volume in her The Fortunes of Richard Mahony trilogy is set in the town. When the author was six, her father Walter died in Koroit on 1 August 1879 and was buried at the Koroit cemetery. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koroit, accessed 21 December 2016) In 1878 Mary Richardson was appointed postmistress of the Koroit Post Office at a salary of 72 pounds with free quarters, firewood and kerosene. She lived at the back of the Post Office. (From a Green and Pleasant Land by H. McCorkell and P. Yule.) Photographs showing the bluestone Koroit Post Office, phone box and postbox. It is located at 99 Commercial Road, Koroit. "Historic Area Statement of Significance: The significance of Koroit derives from its role as the urban centre of one of the most concentrated Irish Roman Catholic rural districts in Australia, noted for its mixed livestock and cropping argicultural patterns. This is reflected in two separate and distinctive areas in the town - the administrative/commercial area and the church precinct. The administrative and commercial area (focussing on the Boundary-Commercial Road/High Street intersection and the Koroit Hotel) consists of a number of significant public buildings and leads to a street of relatively intact humble shopfronts and kerbline verandahs, visually punctuated by opposing bank facades. The church precinct is dominated by a group of Catholic buildings larger in scale and more complete in range than those in any comparably sized Victorian town." http://vhd.heritagecouncil.vic.gov.au/places/69338#sthash.ELLuSMvg.dpuf, accessed 21 December 2016."koroit, post office, phone box, payphone, bluestone, henry handel richardson, koroit post office

This work was commissioned by the University of Ballarat (later Federation University Australia) at the suggestion of University lecturer Janice Newton.The composers brief was to provide fanfare/processional - type music that reflected both something of the early history of Ballarat and something of the goldfields. 'Look Out Below' and the medieval university tune 'Gaudeamus Igitar' has been incorporated into the body of the music. The discerning ear may pick out these tunes being played independently or together, in snatches or longer segments, throughout the piece. Rosalie Boninghton (9.4.1946 - 21.12.2011) was born in Ballarat. She studied composition under Keith Humble, Ian Bonington, Theodore Dollarhide and Lawrence Whiffen from the University of Melbourne and completed her Master of Arts (Music) at LaTrobe University in composition with a thesis on 'Contemporary Liturgical Music and the Composer. In 1967 Rosalie was awarded the Coutts Memorial Prize for Composition from the University of Melbourne. She has also won the national Song of Jubilee competition (1999), and was co-winner of the national Competition for Liturgical Psalm-Setting (1983). An A3 score of fourteen A3 pages for brass, woodwind and timpani. The pages have been inserted into an A3 display book. An collections of A4 scores for each musical instrument is also located in the A3 display book. The music has been designed for flexi-length options to suit each particular occasion, ranging from approximately 2 minutes and 35 seconds minimum length to approximately 3 minutes and 37 seconds maximum, and including a range of intermediate lengths possible. graduation, music, music score, rosalie bonighton, processional hymn, janice newton, fanfare

The first Emerging Writers’ Festival was held at the Victoria Hotel in Little Collins Street in January, 2004. The inaugural festival developed out of Express Media's Make It Up zine fair. It brought together the offerings of 68 writers from across Australia in a two-day series of panels, readings, performances and workshops. Express Media ‘s Artistic Director Richard Watts was the driving force behind the ground breaking initiative that was to become the Emerging Writers’ Festival. It was clear to him through the success and the demand of the Make It Up zine fair, which had its origins in 2000, that writing and writers were in the process of radical change and needed a new environment to grow. In response, Express Media formed a partnership with the Victorian Writers’ Centre and held the first Emerging Writers’ Festival with the tagline, the best Australian writers you haven’t heard of yet. The beginnings were humble but the foundations strong. In those early years the festival found its feet, its independence and a loyal and passionate audience.An eight page, stapled program for the 2004 Emerging Writers' Festival printed in black, white and three shades of orange."Featuring the best Australian writers / you haven't heard of (yet) including new, young and / emerging poets, zinesters, short story / writers, spoken word performers, novelists, / screenplay writers / and playwrights, and a range of panels, / readings, workshops as well as an / independent publishers' trade fair."2004 emerging writers' festival, richard watts, express media, literary programming, the wheeler centre, emerging writers', literary, festival, melbourne

Elizabeth (Betty) Ann Speak attended Clarendon Presbyterian Ladies College 1937 - 1938. She won the Junior Tennis Champion in 1938. Betty worked as a telephonist at Coleraine Post Office after leaving CPLC in 1938. In 1949, she married Leslie James Steff from Konongwootong. They had two daughters. In 1967 Betty returned to work at the Coleraine Post Office and worked for 17 years, moving to the Hamilton PO after the Coleraine PO closed around 1980. She continued to play tennis throughout her adult years. Daughter Gwenda Steff, who donated the trophy to the school in 2016, says 'Mum was passionate about her tennis. She had a formidable backhand shot that few could return. She played Saturday afternoon competition tennis up until her late 40's and she instilled her love of the game into both my sister Margaret and myself. Mum was always too humble to acknowledge her amazing abilities - both on and off the tennis court. But this is an early public acknowledgement of her skills.'Medium silver cup with double handles and silver base and stem on melamine standEngraved on face of cup: C P L C / Junior Tennis Champion / 1938 / BETTY SPEAKbetty-speak, sports, tennis, trophy, 1930s

Arthur Woodley who donated the photographs, was a friend of Jimmy Clarke, who was Captain of the Killarra Ferry and lived at Narabeen Guesthouse in Cowes, Phillip Island. The family lived at San Remo - father was George Clarke. 325-01 - Sepia photo/postcard of 7 WWI soldiers - Jimmy Clarke on right at back and Jack Clarke on left at back. 325-02 - Sepia portrait of Jimmy Clarke in Army uniform. 325-03. Sepia photo/postcard of 3 WWI soldiers in uniform. 325-04. Sepia photograph of 4 WWI soldiers. Jimmy Clarke 3rd from left and Jack on the right. 325-05. Small sepia photograph on black cardboard of 8 WWI soldiers in France. Jimmy & Jack Clarke in the front. 325-06. Sepia photograph of a large group of WWI soldiers in France. Jack & Jimmy Clarke standing at left.325-01 - Letter on postcard: "Dear Dick, This is our gun team with Corporal, Lance Corporal M. Medal, Jim on your right and your humble on your left. Kind love to all. From Jack. Rec'd your letter dated Feb 24th. France 15/5/1918." 325-03. "Either Jimmy or Jack Clarke standing" 325-04. "Taken at Tannery, St. Aubin, Floreunes. A. R. Joyce, R. R. Godden, Jim & I. French Mortar Crew. First World War 1914-18. 325-05. "Jimmy" & Jack Clarke front in France WWI. 325-06. "Balance of Battery "Apre le Geurre" France 1919. wwi soldiers, jimmy clarke, jack clarke, arthur woodley

The origins of the humble handheld driptorch have been lost in time. They are widely used for ignition in controlled burning operations in forest and grasslands. The date, origins and manufacturer of this particular model are unknown. The “Pacific Forester“ with its short central wand and somewhat leaky ball-valve was made by the American Wajax company in the 1940s. The Pacific Forester is slightly different in design from the more robust and common “Panama” driptorch first manufactured in 1933 and used extensively by Queensland cane farmers. The Panama is closely related to the current “Firebug” used in Victoria which is manufactured by Rodney Industries in Brisbane. The fuel is a mixture of petrol and diesel and every FCV District had their own closely-guarded secret formula ... 2:1, 3:1, 1:1, 4:1 or 3:2 ratio. There was also the choice of 91, 95 or 98 octane petrol mixed with summer or winter diesel. Occasionally some of the old Avgas or Jet-A1 lying around the depot was added with a splash of engine oil to make the mixture stick to the fuel to be ignited. The fuel mixed also varied between autumn or spring, heathland, mixed forest, or high-intensity slash burnsEarly driptorch designDrip torch with handle Wand has loop and valve. The loop is designed to assist with even flow of fuel which flows out onto the burning head of the wand. Soldered tin fuel container which holds burner mix. Gravitational feed of the driptorch allows the unit to drip fire, making it simple and quick to operate. bushfire, forests commission victoria (fcv)

The origins of the humble handheld driptorch have been lost in time. They are widely used for ignition in controlled burning operations in forest and grasslands. The “Pacific Forester“ with its short central wand and somewhat leaky ball-valve was made by the American Wajax company in the 1940s. The Pacific Forester is slightly different in design from the more robust and common “Panama” driptorch first manufactured in 1933 and used extensively by Queensland cane farmers. The Panama is closely related to the current “Firebug” used in Victoria which is manufactured by Rodney Industries in Brisbane and has an offset wand design which gives it good balance. The fuel is a mixture of petrol and diesel and every FCV District had their own closely-guarded secret formula ... 2:1, 3:1, 1:1, 4:1 or 3:2 ratio. There was also the choice of 91, 95 or 98 octane petrol mixed with summer or winter diesel. Occasionally some of the old Avgas or Jet-A1 lying around the depot was added with a splash of engine oil to make the mixture stick to the fuel to be ignited. The fuel mixed also varied between autumn or spring, heathland, mixed forest, or high-intensity slash burnsCommon driptorch used throughout AustraliaDrip torch with handle Wand has loop and valve. The loop is designed to assist with even flow of fuel which flows out onto the burning head of the wand. Pressure equalising value in top of aluminum fuel container which holds 4 litres of burner mix. Gravitational feed of the driptorch allows the unit to drip fire, making it simple and quick to operate. Instructions for use. CF+L written with texta pen.bushfire

Maker unknown. This blanket was part of the standard army issue kit and belonged to Lois Denshams father, who served at Gallipoli during the first world war. Before donating the blanket to the Running stitch collection, it was kept by Lois' Aunty Nita. Lois remembers that it was kept in her fathers original kit bag and kept at her aunts place because of sad memories about the war which her mother found difficult. The humble army blanket had many uses during war times. Issued with two blankets, it was all a soldier had as a bed to keep warm or without a tent, all they had to provide shelter from the sun, rain or wind. (They were supplemented with a woollen army 'great coat', but soldiers still had to huddle together as keeping warm and dry was a desperate game.) The Lighthorsemen used them under their standard leather saddles for extra padding and in the hospitals they were sometimes the only bedding for the wounded. This blanket belonged to Lois Denshams' father who served in the Australian Army in the First World War, landing at Gallipoli. Since the war, army blankets have come to be regarded as the basic type of blanket -no frills. This blanket was used in the Densham family since that time for camping trips.Grey woollen army blanket with stripes near either ends.world war i, running stitch group, running stitch collection

The origins of the humble handheld driptorch have been lost in time. They are widely used for ignition in controlled burning operations in forest and grasslands. The “Pacific Forester“ with its short central wand and somewhat leaky ball-valve was made by the American Wajax company in the 1940s. The Pacific Forester is slightly different in design from the more robust and common “Panama” driptorch first manufactured in 1933 and used extensively by Queensland cane farmers. The Panama is closely related to the current “Firebug” used in Victoria which is manufactured by Rodney Industries in Brisbane and has an offset wand design which gives it good balance. The fuel is a mixture of petrol and diesel and every FCV District had their own closely-guarded secret formula ... 2:1, 3:1, 1:1, 4:1 or 3:2 ratio. There was also the choice of 91, 95 or 98 octane petrol mixed with summer or winter diesel. Occasionally some of the old Avgas or Jet-A1 lying around the depot was added with a splash of engine oil to make the mixture stick to the fuel to be ignited. The fuel mixed also varied between autumn or spring, heathland, mixed forest, or high-intensity slash burnsKerosene drip torch Short wand no valveBCR Holdingsforests commission victoria (fcv), planned burning, bushfire

The origins of the humble handheld driptorch have been lost in time. They are widely used for ignition in controlled burning operations in forest and grasslands. The “Pacific Forester“ with its short central wand and somewhat leaky ball-valve was made by the American Wajax company in the 1940s. The Pacific Forester is slightly different in design from the more robust and common “Panama” driptorch first manufactured in 1933 and used extensively by Queensland cane farmers. The Panama is closely related to the current “Firebug” used in Victoria which is manufactured by Rodney Industries in Brisbane and has an offset wand design which gives it good balance. The fuel is a mixture of petrol and diesel and every FCV District had their own closely-guarded secret formula ... 2:1, 3:1, 1:1, 4:1 or 3:2 ratio. There was also the choice of 91, 95 or 98 octane petrol mixed with summer or winter diesel. Occasionally some of the old Avgas or Jet-A1 lying around the depot was added with a splash of engine oil to make the mixture stick to the fuel to be ignited. The fuel mixed also varied between autumn or spring, heathland, mixed forest, or high-intensity slash burnsKerosene drip torch Long straight wand with control valveBell Backburnerforests commission victoria (fcv), planned burning, bushfire

The origins of the humble handheld driptorch have been lost in time. They are widely used for ignition in controlled burning operations in forest and grasslands. The “Pacific Forester“ with its short central wand and somewhat leaky ball-valve was made by the American Wajax company in the 1940s. The Pacific Forester is slightly different in design from the more robust and common “Panama” driptorch first manufactured in 1933 and used extensively by Queensland cane farmers. The Panama is closely related to the current “Firebug” used in Victoria which is manufactured by Rodney Industries in Brisbane and has an offset wand design which gives it good balance. The fuel is a mixture of petrol and diesel and every FCV District had their own closely-guarded secret formula ... 2:1, 3:1, 1:1, 4:1 or 3:2 ratio. There was also the choice of 91, 95 or 98 octane petrol mixed with summer or winter diesel. Occasionally some of the old Avgas or Jet-A1 lying around the depot was added with a splash of engine oil to make the mixture stick to the fuel to be ignited. The fuel mixed also varied between autumn or spring, heathland, mixed forest, or high-intensity slash burnsKerosene drip torch Long straight wand with control valveBell Backburnerforests commission victoria (fcv), planned burning, bushfire

In the late 1970s, the must-have gadget in every forest office could be best characterised by the fax machine. Millions of people bought them because they represented a miracle. With a fax machine, you could send a sheet of paper to someone, anywhere in the country, or anywhere in the world, complete with a signature, in seconds. E-mail really didn't exist yet (except in military and university environments), so the fax machine was simply amazing. During the "golden age" of the fax machine, people faxed everything. Office lunch orders went to the local Chinese takeaway by fax rather than being phoned in, while fire maps, timesheets and other urgent documents, could all be sent out straight away. Nearly every legal document got faxed once it was signed. People also traded recipes, jokes, funny pictures and personal letters by fax rather than sending them in the snail mail. With the early machines, the output was printed onto a roll of thermal paper that regularly spewed out coils onto the floor if you weren’t watching. All this technology quickly faded, only to be superceded by the pervasive e-mail in the 1990s. But the humble fax machine gave us an early glimpse of what the office of the future would be like.Facsimile machinePitney Bowes 8050communications, forests commission victoria (fcv)

The photo is taken in 1934 and illustrates the internal view of a ward in the Mental Hospital at Beechworth. Some patients in beds and three nurses are in view. Beds were arranged in lines alongside the walls and there were no partitions or screens to create privacy for patients. Furniture was simple and humble; bed frames were made of metal or wood and pillowcases and covers for the attendant`s tables were sometimes made of blue-striped canvas or calico. Large windows in the walls were offering ample light and the room was well-tended, with Christmas decoration, flowers, pots and carpets on the floor. The nurse in the foreground is Miss Neary. The Mayday Hills Hospital was constructed between 1864 and 1867, with buildings created in a number of periods. It formally opened on 24 October 1867 and, along with the Ovens Hospital and the Benevolent Asylum, made Beechworth a prominent social welfare centre in Victoria. The need for an institution of this kind was arisen due to the increased number of people with mental disturbances (induced by the harsh living conditions on the goldfields) and the remoteness of the district from Melbourne. The site was chosen for its panoramic view of the countryside, the hilltop atmosphere and the native fauna, all contributing to the cure of patients. The Hospital was originally named the “Ovens Lunatic Asylum” but, during the centenary celebrations in 1967, the name was officially changed to “Mayday Hills Hospital”, showing the gradual shift in the perception and understanding of mental health conditions over the last decades. The Hospital lies on the traditional land of the Kulin Nation. This photograph is historically significant as it provides an insight into the living conditions of patients admitted to the Mayday Hills Hospital at the beginning of the 20th century. It also contributes to the understanding of the district`s development and its importance to the course of Victoria`s history. Additionally, it provides important information about the way mental health conditions were perceived at that time and how patients were treated. Black and white rectangular photograph printed on paper. Reverse: 1997.2665/ To Miss JA.Peach/ [hallmark: Printed by Harringtons]/ With best wishes/from/H.Jeanes/for 1934.mayday hills hospital, benevolent asylum, ovens hospital, ovens lunatic asylum, kulin nation, beechworth, patients, nurse, social welfare, goldfields, melbourne, mental health, living conditions, blue-striped canvas, calico, bed frames, miss neary, mental disturbances, traditional land, centenary celebrations

Invicta Mills was one of final two remaining blanket mills of the forty that had been in operation in Australia when Invicta first began trading in 1946. This Newsletter chronicles many key milestones of this significant Textile enterprise that began humbly and grew to champion the Australian wool industry here and internationally. This typed internal company Newsletter included transcripts of the speeches made at the 1986 Annual Ball to commemorate the company’s achievements at the 40 Year mark. The Newsletter contains information about the history of the company; its’ owners, staff, wholesale customers, suppliers etc. This included the relationship with former Mayor Ron Walker. Also mentioned are the various international Wool Mark Awards the firm won for the blankets designed and produced over several decades. The Business Owner’s Speech at the Commemoration Ball “40 Years” by Mr Leon Korsica is recorded in the final pages. It tells the story of the beginnings and development of the business: its challenges, successes and some stories about key people. Invicta was a multicultural enterprise employing people from 40+ nationalities, many of whom were lifelong employees. It included former German soldiers despite the Company owners were Jewish, with much of the workforce being part of the first wave of post WWll migrants from all over Europe. Page 5 is typed in Vietnamese, a testament to the multicultural nature of the company.14 A4 pages make up the newsletter with printing on both front and back. Only black Ink has been used in the Newsletter with picture and words making up the contents of all these pages.invicta mills

Photos of Badge Day in Melbourne's City Square (corner of Swanston and Collins Streets) where the Victoria Naval Band is playing on 7 September 1990. There are statues promoting a sporting event in the background (Commonwealth games perhaps). A man in an old Naval uniform is watching and is later on a boat in the Yarra River with President Tony Norris. Part of a Legacy Appeal Week promotion in 1990. Also photos showing a tank in the City Square and a view along Swantson st with Legacy flags on the flag poles. Can see how much the City Square and Swanston St has changed since 1990. Similar to 00491 but there are slight variations so different years. Two of these photos were featured in the 1990 President's Report that was published with the Annual Report, it identifies the man in old Naval costume as Commander Mike Lehan. The article also says: 'On Badge Day, the public of Melbourne responded magnificently to Legacy's call for financial assistance. Our Annual Badge Appeal raised $470,000. given the depressed economy and hard times within the community, Legacy was humbled by the generosity of the community and donations from Bequests totalled $193,966 and a further $111,000 was received from Philanthropic Trusts and Foundations. This year were were overwhelmed by the support of serving members of the Army, Navy and Air Force who assisted Legacy as never before for which we are most grateful.'A record of Legacy being promoted for Legacy Week and being helped by the Armed Services in their fundraising .Colour photo x 16 of Badge Day in the city square with a Navy band.Hand-written on paper label in blue pen 'Badge Appeal - City Activities. 1990 7 Sept. S. Howard'legacy appeal, fundraising, legacy week

John Alfred Lyell "Alf" Haeusler was born on 3rd February 1922, and was the only child of Louis and Ilma Haeusler. He lost his mother Ilma at the age of six and was raised by his father and his Aunt Nellie. He was a quiet lad with a limp, possibly caused by an illness early in life, later diagnosed as polymyositis. As a young boy, Alf was fascinated by electricity and radios. Like his father Louis, Alf had the ability to engineer and fabricate almost anything using humble materials, from mending the broken handle of a teapot, to making a toy xylophone, a homemade crystal radio set or a homemade drill. Alf attended Wodonga West School No.1058 until the eighth grade. Due to his medical condition, in order to avoid the two-mile walk to school, Alf travelled by pony, which was hired from another student, Tom Ardern for sixpence a week. The two boys remained lifelong friends. Tom Ardern died in Wodonga, Victoria on 10th January 1996 and Alf Haeusler died on 5th October 1997. The Haeusler Collection consisting of manuscripts, personal artefacts used by the Haeusler family and a set of glass negatives was bequeathed to the Wodonga & District Historical Society. It offers a unique visual snapshot of the domestic and social lives of the Haeusler family and local Wodonga community in the early 20th century.This photo is significant because it depicts an important aspect of the early life of Alf Haeusler of Wodonga.Framed black and white image of two boys on horseback on their way to school.haeusler family of wodonga, thomas ardern, alf haeusler