Showing 573 items
matching tram lines
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Ballarat Tramway Museum
Photograph - QGR locomotive at Woolloongabba Brisbane, Keith Kings, 10/1/1951
... noted that trains could block all tram lines at times. Trains... of tracks at Woolloongabba - three tram tracks, one trolley bus ...Wal Jack swapped photographs with his correspondents. This photo by Keith Kings, a railway photograph of QGR locomotive 748 crossing the complex arrangements of tracks at Woolloongabba - three tram tracks, one trolley bus route. The photographer noted that trains could block all tram lines at times. Trains were always proceeded by a man carrying a red flag and ringing a bell. Has the tramway signal box in the background and a large Penfolds Wines advert on a building, a Caltex service station and an advert for Plume petrol.Demonstrates a photograph that would have been sent to Wal Jack by Keith Kings.Black and white photograph of QGR locomotive 748Has extensive details of the photograph on the rear. Keith Kings photo number E(k)(vii)letter, wal jack, keith kings, qgr, railways, woolloongabba -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Newspaper, The Courier Ballarat, "Trams lines to be removed", 18/09/1971 12:00:00 AM
... of the tram lines in Sturt St. commencing Wednesday, the following... that the Country Roads Board will begin removal of the tram lines in Sturt ...Newspaper clipping from The Courier, Ballarat, Saturday 18/9/1971 that the Country Roads Board will begin removal of the tram lines in Sturt St. commencing Wednesday, the following week. This was announced by Cr. Chisholm the previous day. Work to begin at Dawson St and work towards the City. The Council had also decided to experiment with free centre of the road parallel parking on a restricted basis.In blue ink in the top right hand corner of the item - 'Sat / 18/9/71'trams, tramways, closure, track removal, country roads board, city of ballarat -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Document - Photocopy, Alan Bradley, "Early payment on Sebastopol trams", Apr. 2005
... to the Borough of Sebastopol for work to remove the tram lines... of Sebastopol for work to remove the tram lines and provide bus bays ...Yields information about the payment by the SEC to the Borough of Sebastopol to remove the tram tracks.Photocopy of an item from The Courier, late 1971/ early 1972, titled "Early payment on Sebastopol trams", about the early payment of $21,000 as part of the $61,000 payment to the Borough of Sebastopol for work to remove the tram lines and provide bus bays. Noted that the Council expected to have the major portion of Albert St reconstructed during the year. Payment period reduced from eight to three years.trams, tramways, track removal, borough of sebastopol, sec -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Document - Report, City of Ballarat, "Powerline Clearance Vegetation Management Plan", Sep. 2000
... Parade, showing the tram lines. pdf copy made by PPW 11/2010.... Includes a plan of Wendouree Parade, showing the tram lines. pdf ...Management Plan titled "Powerline Clearance Vegetation Management Plan", dated Sept. 2000, 48 pages, each page within an individual sheet, and contained within a clear plastic covers binder with a black spiral binding mechanism. Prepared by the City of Ballarat for the BTM. Indexed. Includes a plan of Wendouree Parade, showing the tram lines. pdf copy made by PPW 11/2010 and added to Management System.trams, tramways, overhead, wendouree parade, btm, city of ballarat -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Map, Public Transport Victoria (PTV), "Melbourne's new Free Tram Zone", 2015
... zone or showing the tram lines that the free travel is allowed... or showing the tram lines that the free travel is allowed, locations ...Printed A4 sheet - single sided off white sheet titled ""Melbourne's Free Tram Zone Map"., details the extent of the free tram zone or showing the tram lines that the free travel is allowed, locations, land marks, contact numbers and has the PTV logo in the top right hand corner and the Myki locos along with Yarra Trams and contact details for information. Dated 1/1/2015.trams, tramways, yarra trams, ptv, maps, free tram, melbourne -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - FIVE LIONS HOTEL: BENDIGO, 1950/60's
... Hotel,Cnr View and Barnard Streets, Bendigo. Tram lines... Streets, Bendigo. Tram lines with overhead cables. 2 men on seat ...Black and white photograph. Not mounted. Five Lions Hotel,Cnr View and Barnard Streets, Bendigo. Tram lines with overhead cables. 2 men on seat on left of photo. Fosters Lager sign on left with Five Lions Hotel over corner. 2 double storey shops, one next to hotel appears empty, faint name of business ??/ pastrycook. On back ' Five Lions Hotel, cnr. Barnard and View Sts. 'Alan Doney ??organization, business, five lions hotel -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Newspaper, The Courier Ballarat, Traffic works at Grenville, 10/02/1972 12:00:00 AM
... removal of the tram lines. Photo shows the Dickins Food Store... of the tram lines. Photo shows the Dickins Food Store (Supermarket ...Newspaper clipping from The Courier, Ballarat, dated Tuesday 10/2/1972. Item features a story with a photo of about the new traffic patterns at the Sturt St - Grenville St intersection following painting of lines to direct traffic following removal of the tram lines. Photo shows the Dickins Food Store (Supermarket) in the background. One of large group of newspaper cuttings from John Bainbridge, 7/4/02.track removal, traffic control -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Map, Royal Automobile Club of Victoria, "Ballarat District Map - RACV", c1966
... and entertainment facilities. Has the tram lines shown dotted, does not run... lines and other rail lines in the district. Trams tramways Map ...Yields information about the extent of Ballarat in the early to mid 1960's shows the tram lines and other rail lines in the district.Printed street map titled "Ballarat District Map", published by the RACV, showing the central part of Ballarat, Ballarat Outlets, streets, principal attractions, Ballarat and district maps and information, and a list of sporting and entertainment facilities. Has the tram lines shown dotted, does not run out to Sebastopol or the Lydiard St North terminus. Each map in the bottom left hand corner has the numbers "1166", possibly indicating the date.trams, tramways, map, ballarat, racv, railways -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Map, Royal Automobile Club of Victoria, "Bendigo District Map - RACV", c1971
... the tram lines shown dotted, only shows the full extent... the tram lines shown dotted, only shows the full extent ...Printed street map titled "Bendigo District Map", published by the RACV, showing the central part of Bendigo, Bendigo Outlets, streets, principal attractions, Bendigo and district maps and information, and a list of sporting and entertainment facilities. Has the tram lines shown dotted, only shows the full extent of the Golden Square line. The main map has the number "0171" in the bottom left hand corner, indicating the publication date.in ink on the Bendigo Outlet map, "3/4" along bottom edge.trams, tramways, map, bendigo, racv, railways -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Map, Royal Automobile Club of Victoria, "Bendigo Including city and district maps - RACV", c1968
... itself. Has the tram lines shown dotted, only shows the full... Outlets and notes on the city itself. Has the tram lines shown ...Printed street map titled "Bendigo Including city and district maps", published by the RACV, showing the central part of Bendigo on the front cover, Bendigo Outlets and notes on the city itself. Has the tram lines shown dotted, only shows the full extent of the Golden Square line. Inside has a district road map. The front cover has the number "0468" in the bottom left hand corner, indicating the publication date.in ink on the Bendigo Outlet map, has various notes showing the location of crossing loops on and off the map and the location of the tram depot itself.trams, tramways, map, bendigo, racv, railways -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Document - Letter/s, State Electricity Commission of Victoria (SECV), Geelong tramlines - 1943, 1943
... (Melb) dated 26/8/1943, re opening of Geelong tram lines, dates... (Melb) dated 26/8/1943, re opening of Geelong tram lines, dates ...Letter giving information to a tramway historian about Geelong opening dates and how the wharf was arranged.Letter to W.Jack from SEC - electricity Supply Department (Melb) dated 26/8/1943, re opening of Geelong tram lines, dates, extensions, duplication, typed on both sides of foolscap sheet. Refers to an enclosed answering specific questions, not attached. Also gives information on how the trams were arranged for Geelong wharf service and the steamers ex Melbourne that were involved. Paper watermark - "SATISFAGA Bond"trams, tramways, geelong trams, opening, duplications, geelong wharf -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document - Report, Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB), "Underground Routes - Ultimate Development - St Kilda Road Section", Aug. 1969
... cross streets as well as the tram lines. Drawings not scanned.... cross streets as well as the tram lines. Drawings not scanned ...Report - Foolscap, card covers, red binding strip, 12 sheets + 4 drawings (fold out), titled "Underground Routes - Ultimate Development - St Kilda Road Section", detailing the proposal, including costs, issues, drains, obstructions. Includes cross sections of the tunnels and notes on public access. Dated August 1969. Includes parts where the roadway would dip under cross streets as well as the tram lines. Drawings not scanned.Has "Lees" in pencil on top right hand corner.trams, tramways, underground tramways, swanston st, reports, new tramways, st kilda road -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Map, Victorian Government Tourist Bureau, "Map of Melbourne and Suburbs", Jul. 1956
... shows the rail and tram lines, the detailed map of the CBD shows... of interest about Victoria. Major map shows the rail and tram lines ...Map - .folded 12 sections full colour titled "Map of Melbourne and Suburbs". Issued at the time of the Melbourne Olympics by the Victorian Government Tourist Bureau. Has an index of Melbourne's suburbs, transport links, Places of Interest, Amusements, Facts of interest about Victoria. Major map shows the rail and tram lines, the detailed map of the CBD shows the buildings or locations referenced in the Tourist Guide to the City. Printed by the Victorian Railways - 2133-56trams, tramways, map, olympics, public transport, melbourne -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Book, Leon Marshall-Wood, "The Brighton Electric Line", 1966
... tram electric and horse tram lines. Includes maps, rolling...Melbourne Tram Museum 8 Wallen Road Hawthorn melbourne Book ...Book - - the history of the Brighton Electric Line by Leon Marshall-Wood, published 1966, 3rd edition revised and enlarged. Gives a brief history of the electric tramway operated by the Victorian Railways between St. Kilda Station and the Brighton Beach railway station, that commenced operation in 1905. Also a short history of the Sandringham - Black Rock - Beaumaris - Cheltenham tram electric and horse tram lines. Includes maps, rolling stock and ticket notes. Published by Traction Publications. Has details of the AETA on the back cover and listing of some publications. See Reg Item 2062 for the 1st edition and 3400 for the second edition.Yields information about the Victorian Railways Melbourne tramways or street railways.Book - 40 pages including card coverstrams, tramways, vr, melbourne, brighton, st kilda, sandringham, black rock, horse trams -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document - Folder, Jack Cranston, "Melbourne Tramway & Omnibus Company's Bill - Plans and Sections - Tramways - March 1882", 1994
... of details on the plans and sections of proposed horse tram lines... and sections of proposed horse tram lines throughout Melbourne ...Consists of five sheets with notes about the proposed horse tram system for Melbourne, prepared by Jack Cranston. Includes extract and notes on the parliamentary enquiry and the possibility of a cable tram system. The coloured sheet is from another copy held at the former VicTrack Malvern Museum. Images from the latter set of documents - Sept 2024. 35 Sheets of details on the plans and sections of proposed horse tram lines throughout Melbourne. Produced as part of the work undertaken by Jack Cranston for the Department of Transport / Heritage Victoria - see Reg Item 584. On rear cover ink and on page 2 of the folder is a note on the source of the document. See Inscriptions.Yields information about the proposed horse tram lines by MTOCo that were later developed as cable tram lines.Folder - photocopies or copy prints, A1 approx. size, 45 sheets, clipped together with two black side binders, titled - "Melbourne Tramway & Omnibus Company's Bill - Plans and Sections - Tramways - March 1882". On rear cover sheet, handwritten in black ink - "Constructed and compiled by Jack Cranston by permission from The Ambleside Museum Ferntree Gully Victoria. This is a copy of Original Size Folio"trams, tramways, cable trams, horse trams, mto co, melbourne -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Map - Map/s, State Electricity Commission of Victoria (SECV), Ballarat bus routes, 1971
... in Ballarat and Sebastopol areas. 1775.1 - tram lines shown in heavy... in Ballarat and Sebastopol areas. 1775.1 - tram lines shown in heavy ...Set of five maps prepared by the SEC/Transport Regulation Board? reviewing the option for Ballarat bus routes after the closure of the Ballarat tramway system. Based on SEC drawing No. BA-D1-2222, drawn at 1" = 20 chains. Shows streets in Ballarat and Sebastopol areas. 1775.1 - tram lines shown in heavy blue lines, with grey and yellow (actual operating bus routes at the time?) routes marked out. A red dashed line defines the general built up area. 1775.2 - "PLAN A" - shows various routes in different colours for Davis, Sproule, Hick ex Whkes, Lyons, Braybrooks and Witkins services and existing tram lines. 1775.3 - "Plan B" 1775.4 - "Plan C" 1775.5 - "Plan D" 1175.6 - Plan as above, but showing existing bus routes, tram routes and suggested tram routes. Has a small sheet of paper that was clipped to the drawing. Not dated. Not known exactly the basis that these plans were drawn up on. Drawings to be scanned.trams, tramways, closure, bus routes, tram replacement, sec, transport regulation board, ballarat, tram routes -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Map, Broadbent's, "Broadbent's Map 616 Ballarat", c1960
... the suburbs of Ballarat, tram lines, has a scale in miles, Ballarat... lines and other rail lines in the district. Trams tramways Map ...Yields information about the extent of Ballarat in the early to mid 1960's shows the tram lines and other rail lines in the district.Printed street map titled "Broadbent's Map 1616 Ballarat" printed in colour on one side only of a folded (10) sheet. Shows the suburbs of Ballarat, tram lines, has a scale in miles, Ballarat District map and an index to streets. Also points interest and historical interest. also shows railways lines. Map used as the base for the tram line map in the display area in the depot. Large Res scan made 28/1/2011."50c" in pencil on front cover.trams, tramways, map, ballarat, broadbent's, railways -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Document - Letter/s, early 1950's
... buses. Has a small sketch of a rail or tram lines in lower... a small sketch of a rail or tram lines in lower part of the letter ...Handwritten letter on lined or ruled quarto paper with punch holes on the left hand side. Year of letter not known or who wrote it. Has in pencil "Maritaina?" and "22/11 - Roomette" under the letter which has been written in ink. Has notes regarding a visit to Melbourne?, a MMTB annual report of 1952. Notes builders plates at Preston workshops and austerity buses. Has a small sketch of a rail or tram lines in lower part of the letter. trams, tramways, melbourne, letters -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Newspaper, The Australian Financial Review (AFR), "Quiet achiever keeps a city ticking", 21/10/2011 12:00:00 AM
... the impact of route 96 and other tram lines on the City of Melbourne...", about the impact of route 96 and other tram lines on the City ...Newspaper clipping from The Australian Financial Review, 21/10/2011 titled "Quiet achiever keeps a city ticking", about the impact of route 96 and other tram lines on the City of Melbourne and their efficiency in providing a public transport service. Quotes Terry Rawnsley of SGS Economics and Planning, Daniel Bowen of the PTUA, and that Melbourne is a tram survivor amongst Australian cities. Has a photo of Bumblebee (2), C2 class tram outside Southern Cross Station.trams, tramways, melbourne, tramways, route 96, c2 class, public transport -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Photograph - Tram tour - TMSV & ARHS, Richard Gilbert, 21/8/1971
... , with the first of the Ballarat tram lines closing the following day. See... and was a farewelll tour, with the first of the Ballarat tram lines closing ...A. Cook Tours database that the tour by the ARHS and TMSV using trams 11, 26, 39 and 42 and was a farewelll tour, with the first of the Ballarat tram lines closing the following day. See also item 9442 for other photographs. .1 - two trams (27 and 42) at the gates with an R class locomotive using the crossing. Both trams have SEC advertising. Tram 42 is running a special tour. .2 - tram 39, running a special tram service, loading passengers at the railway station tram stop. In the background is awning for the Provincial Hotel and SF Motors Mercedes Benz. .3 - tram 27 northbound crossing the level crossing. Yields information about the use of the Lydiard St Nth line prior to closure and the use of the level crossing. Series of 3 Black and white photographs of trams using the Lydiard St North level crossing.trams, tramways, lydiard st north, level crossings, railways, locomotives, ballarat station, special trams, tram 27, tram 42, tram 39 -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Administrative record - Minute Book - Digital Image, Melbourne & Brunswick Coburg Tramway Trust, 1914 to 1917
... the various events, contracts and construction of the various tram... events, contracts and construction of the various tram lines ...Minute book of the Trust, scanned in 10 parts - 187 pages along with many typed pages of accounts, The minutes detail the various events, contracts and construction of the various tram lines and issues encountered such as trackwork problems. Part 1 - 21/3/1914 to 21/8/1914 Part 2 - 16/9/1914 to 29/1/1915 Part 3 - 12/2/1915 to 4/6/1915 Part 4 - 18/6/1915 to 1/10/1915 Part 5 - 8/10/1915 to 11/2/1916 Part 6 - 15/2/1916 to 23/5/1916 Part 7 - Yields information about the activities of the MBCTTDigital image - scan of the Melbourne & Brunswick Coburg Tramway Trust Minute Book. tramways, trams, mbctt, minutes, tramcars -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Ephemera - Real estate sale, Cranny Sambell & Co, "Camberwell Panorama Estate", Oct. 1923
... shows proposed plans for tram lines in Belmore Road and Burke... shows proposed plans for tram lines in Belmore Road and Burke ...Pamphlet advertising the sale of land at the "Camberwell Panorama Estate" - Doncaster and Bulleen Road 13-10-1923. Gives terms of sale, photos showing the views and a nearby shopping centre. Has a large photo of MMTB No. 20 on the front cover. The tramcar is of the Hawthorn Tramways Trust four-door bogie type. MMTB No 20 was an ex-Prahran and Malvern single trucker or small tram A class. Gives details of the 110 lots to be sold, terms, location, and that the tram was proposed to be extended to the corner. This extension took place in 1937. The locality plan shows proposed plans for tram lines in Belmore Road and Burke Road north of Whitehorse Road. Demonstrates the style of land sale pamphlet including the availability of tram services to prospective purchasers.Pamphlet - folded - printed in two colours of cream coloured paper with photographs and plans.has pencil notes on the top of the front page.sale of land, trams, real estate, camberwell panorama estate, east camberwell, doncaster road, bulleen road, tram 20 -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Newspaper, Dot Wickham, "An early city entrepreneur", 5/03/2005 12:00:00 AM
... south from the railway level crossing with the horse tram lines... with the horse tram lines in the photograph and Irwins Provincial Hotel ...Yields information about William Irwin, Irwins Provincial Hotel and the tram line in Lydiard St Nth.Newspaper clipping from The Courier, 5 March 2005, titled "An early city entrepreneur" written by Dot Wickham about William Irwin, the proprietor of Irwin's Provincial Hotel. Gives a brief history of William Irwin, his Ballarat hotels, his local and other activities. Features a photo of Lydiard St Nth looking south from the railway level crossing with the horse tram lines in the photograph and Irwins Provincial Hotel on the right hand side, before reconstruction to a two story building.hotels, lydiard st nth -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Ephemera - Ticket/s, Melbourne and Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB), MMTB 1 1/2d pre-purchased tickets, 1930's?
... with details of the cable tram lines. Donated by J. T. Doherty... on rear. Printed with details of the cable tram lines. Donated ...Set of three MMTB 1 1/2d tickets joined on a strip with perforations between tickets. Manilla or light brown card, printed with MMTB name, letter W, fare and availability on rear. Printed with details of the cable tram lines. Donated by J. T. Doherty, with a written letter detailing use - says 1940's Letter with worksheet file and envelope. Eight tickets purchased of a 1/-, instead of 2d per fare in the Central Business District of Melbourne.trams, tramways, tickets, cable trams, mmtb, melbourne -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Sign - Staff Tickets, NSW Department of Road Transport and tramways, Sydney tramways staff tickets, 1930's-1950's
... of Maitland, Newcastle and Sydney tram lines, see attached listing... for safeworking on single lines of Maitland, Newcastle and Sydney tram ...45 No. Dept. of Road Transport and tramway staff tickets used in the 1940's to 1960's for safeworking on single lines of Maitland, Newcastle and Sydney tram lines, see attached listing for full details, descriptions etc. Printed on flimsy paper. Some of the tickets show the personal name of the Government printer. This would enable time of printing to be better determined. (48 tickets in image). Image of list added 29/9/2013 - see related documents for details.trams, tramways, nsw, sydney, maitland, newcastle, safeworking, staff tickets -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document - Report, Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB), "Chairman's Overseas Visit", 1962
... of the Collin St tram lines in favour of Bourke St. Looks at congestion... of the Collin St tram lines in favour of Bourke St. Looks at congestion ...Copy of a report, 3 A5 sheets and 1 A5 cut sheet, stapled, titled "Chairman's Overseas Visit", discussing overseas developments following an overseas tour and the development of underground tramway systems in the CBD, including the closure of the Collin St tram lines in favour of Bourke St. Looks at congestion, development of the City Loop, monorails, motorists, Spencer St Station. See also Reg Item 409 and 2812 for further references. Item 409.4 referees to the Chairman's Tour of 1962.trams, tramways, mmtb, collins st, bourke st, swanston st, underground tramways, reports -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Drawing, H. S McComb, "M&MTB Essendon System", 1922
... ", showing the Essendon Tram lines and loops with High Voltage... the Essendon Tram lines and loops with High Voltage and underground ...Drawing - ink of linen, titled "M&MTB Essendon System", showing the Essendon Tram lines and loops with High Voltage and underground power cables shown in red ink with a reference note to the relevant SEC document. Does not show Puckle St. Drawing No. P379dated 2-8-22 Note: This item is part of the H. S. McComb papers - was located in box 8 rolled up. Relocated to a flat file at the time of cataloguing. Number in the McComb collection series.trams, tramways, tramways, mmtb, drawings, essendon, maribyrnong, keilor rd, racecourse rd, victoria st, flemington bridge, secv -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document - List, Ross Wilson, opening dates of tramways in the Melbourne district, c1996
... . Includes horse tram lines, cable lines, closure and conversion.... Includes horse tram lines, cable lines, closure and conversion ...List - 12 A4 pages, typed listing the opening dates of tramways in the Melbourne district, excludes Provincial tramways. Includes horse tram lines, cable lines, closure and conversion dates and electric tramways from 1884 to 1995. Does not appear to list closure dates of electric tram line. Includes the VR, and the various trust and private operations. Based on previous documents (Reg item 816 to 818) has been prepared by Ross Wilson c 1996.trams, tramways, tramways, opening, horse trams, cable trams, closure, conversion, dates -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Poster, Public Transport Victoria (PTV), "Melbourne's Free Tram Zone Map", Sep. 2014
... - Poster showing the tram lines that the free travel is allowed... showing the tram lines that the free travel is allowed, locations ...Set to two full colour posters printed on a plasticized based sheet, titled ""Melbourne's Free Tram Zone Map". 626.1 - Poster showing the tram lines that the free travel is allowed, locations, land marks, contact numbers and has the PTV logo in the top right hand corner. 626.2 - Poster showing the logo or tram stop id that the free tram zone travel applies to. See Reg Items 1954, and 1956 for associated printed materials and 2790.2 for driver announcements.trams, tramways, yarra trams, ptv, maps, free tram, melbourne -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Map, Broadbent's, "Broadbent's Official Map 177 Ballarat", c1960
... of Ballarat, but not Sebastopol, rail lines and tram routes, schools... the suburbs of Ballarat, but not Sebastopol, rail lines and tram ...Printed street map titled "Broadbent's Official Map 177 Ballarat" on a medium weight (200gsm?) card. Shows the suburbs of Ballarat, but not Sebastopol, rail lines and tram routes, schools, some churches, hospitals, parks and some features. Does not show the full length of the Lydiard St or Sebastopol tram lines. Has scale, national route numbers and distance from Ballarat PO marked on the map. In bottom left hand corner, has Broadbent's north point logo and notes that it is the 66th year of publication of road maps. Gives telephone number as MB 2021 in top right hand corner.Initials "GY" in pencil and red ink in top right hand corner.trams, tramways, map, ballarat, broadbent's, railways