Reproduced in The Diamond Valley Story, Dianne H Edwards, The Shire of Diamond Valley 1979, p43 "1920s - the toiwnship now has some private phones. To the right at the single pole in Main Street is of Diamond Creek's street lamps. Rose's bakery is at the rear of the corner house. The baker's daughty, Fanny, married Charlie Wilson. Both attended Diamond Creek State School in the 1890s. The small square hgouse on the left-hand sid in Inglis Street was the home of the Kidd family. This house and the station are the only buildings in the photo still standing [1979]. Above and to the right of the Kidd hoime is the Diamond Creek Cool Stores, built in 1913 and now the site of the squash courts. The hills around Perversi Street are cleared and planted ith orchards. On the corner of Chute and Diamond Streets is the roof of the Lawrey sisters haberdashery shop. Photo: Spark/Jones Collection"Stamped in purple ink on reverse within border "A.J. SPARK COLLECTION PHOTOS 1900 - 1930 PHOTOGHRAPHER LATE ALBERT JONES DIAMOND VALLEY. TEL: 83-3561"a.j. spark collection, albert jones, chute street, diamond creek, j. mcritchie, royal mail hotel

The Halfway Hotel was built c1871. It was a thriving business in the days of the bullock wagon and was virtual headquarters of border drovers and teamsters, who camped on the Wodonga Flats opposite. Mr. John Jennings applied for a license in 1871 but it was refused. In October 1872 a License was granted to Thomas Weeks who was advertising that he had purchased the premises. In December 1878 the licensee was advertised as Ann Weeks. Daniel McCormick took over as licensee in 1882 and was followed by Thomas Fitzgerald. In September 1886, Fitzgerald transferred the licence of the hotel which contained eight rooms, to Patrick Flanagan. Flanaghan was a hotel keeper, brewer and stock trader. Pearce Murphy became licensee in 1889, followed briefly by his wife, Julia, in 1890. In September 1890, the licence was transferred back to Patrick Flanagan, the hotel’s owner. During the 1890s, the licence changed hands a number of times. Licensees included Alexander McDonald, Mrs Spehrs, George and Mary Rust. In December 1895, George Rust held the ‘Halfway Races’ on a course at the back of the hotel. Towards the end of the 1890s, Patrick Flanagan was again licensee of the hotel. He died in his residence at the Halfway Hotel in 1929. The license was then held for two years by his son, Mr M.J. Flanagan. In June 1931 the licence was transferred from Maude J. Flanagan to Percy Pickering. In July 1939 the hotel was sold by Mr P.W. Pickering to Irene Weatherall. The new licensee was Mr H.O. Harris of Bonegilla. In April 1940 The Licensing Court granted an application to remove the Halfway Hotel, Albury Road, Wodonga, to the corner of Elgin and Smythe Streets, Wodonga, on condition that premises were to be erected within 42 weeks. Applicants were Irene A. Weatherall and Lena Emma Pickering, owners, and Harold O. Harris, licensee. Mr Edwin Harold and Mrs Ruby Scholz bought the property. Ruby was a sister of Emma Pickering. They lived there until the premises was demolished for the widening of the Lincoln Causeway. These images document an early business in Wodonga c1870 to 1940.A black and white image of a hotel building.Above building: HALFWAY HOTELhalfway hotel, wodonga hotels, wodonga businesses

This is a book prize given to Bessie Mackay some time in the 1890s. Unfortunately neither the book nor the book plate has any date. Bessie Mackay is probably Marie Elizabeth Mackay, born to Thomas and Marie Mackay in 1883. Thomas Mackay was an auctioneer and commission agent in Warrnambool in the later decades of the 19th century. Ellerslie College was an important private school in Warrnambool and the building still stands (Koroit Street). It was a purpose-built school, initially for girls and it was erected in 1889 for Bella Davidson. Miss Davidson conducted this school until 1891 when it was taken over by William Lawson. He had had a school for boys and girls in King Street and when he moved his school to Ellerslie College he was employing three lady teachers as well as his male staff. It is not known whether Bessie Mackay was a pupil at Miss Davidson’s school or Lawson’s school or both. This book is of great interest as a memento of Ellerslie College, a well-known private school in Warrnambool in the late 19th century and early 20th century. At that time, most pupils in Warrnambool wishing to go on to higher education attended private schools. This is a hard cover book of 128 pages. The cover is dark green with an image of a bunch of flowers in silver, red and black colouring on the front cover and on the spine. The printing is in black lettering on the front cover and in silver colouring on the spine. The book has eight chapters with a full page colour sketch at the front of the book. The cover is slightly frayed and a little stained. The book plate has black printing on a white background and handwriting in black ink. ‘Ellerslie College, Warrnambool, Non Scholae Sed Vitae Discimus, Name. Miss Bessie Mackay, Class V, For Geography’. ellerslie college, warrnambool, history of warrnambool, bella davidson, william lawson, bessie mackay

This plate comes from the Registered Office of F. Morse Pty Ltd. The name ‘Morse’ has been associated with the local Warrnambool transport industry for more than 100 years from the horse-drawn era to the advent of motorized transport. Frederick Morse was the son of Henry Morse, a teacher at The Grange, Hamilton and at Grasmere in the early 1870s. In 1883 Frederick Morse started business in Fairy Street as a coach builder in a partnership known as Robinson and Morse and in 1891 he set up a business on his own, the Victoria Carriage Works in Lava Street with branches in Port Fairy and Koroit. By the 1890s he was employing 27 people and winning State awards for his Abbot buggies. By the 1920s the Morse business had moved to motorized transport, expanding over the years to car dealerships, caravans, panel works and reconditioning and truck building with the subsidiary businesses of Morsmilk and Morsbearings (both later sold).This plate is of strong significance as a memento of a business in Warrnambool that has been prominent in the local transport industry for 120 years. It is also a memento of the Morse family, notable 19th century settlers in the town and important in local community affairs since that time. This is a wooden frame with a glass front. The frame is painted a grey colour and has holes at the top and bottom for affixing the frame to a wall or door. Behind the glass the words ‘Registered Office F. Morse Pty Ltd’ are painted or incised on to a wooden slab. The words are in yellow and red paint. The frame is a little chipped and the inside of the glass is somewhat blotchy and stained. ‘Registered Office’ ‘F. Morse Pty Ltd’ frederick morse, robinson and morse, morse & co., history of warrnambool, coach building in warrnambool, automotive industry in warrnambool

Frederick Mitchell was born c1874 at Staffordshire Flat, Redcastle, near Heathcote. His father was an engineer from Cornwall, and had a quartz crushing battery at Staffordshire Flat from 1870 to at least the 1890s. Around 1886 Frederick Mitchell was an 18 year old "Engineer and Instrument Maker". He was awarded an 'Honorary Mention' at the Australian Juvenile Exhibition 1890-1. It was donated to the Ballarat School of Mines Museum in 1892. In the early 1960s the model was transferred to the Heat Engines Laboratory. All Heat Engines laboratory was moved from the Ballarat School of Mines to the Mt Helen Campus on October 1869. The model was accommodated in the thermodynamics laboratory. It was shown working during open days. The Ballarat School of Mines Calendar for 1893, page 66 refers to this item. There is correspondence between Frederick Mitchell's grandson, F.W. Mitchell; E.J. Barker, Director of the Ballarat College of Advanced Education; and Graham Beanland, Ballarat School of Mines.A working model of a vertical oscillating twin cylinder steam engine with fly wheel, mounted on a wood base board and covered in glass. Usually stored under a wood-framed glass cover. steam, model, engine, frederick mitchell, flywheel, ballarat school of mines museum

Edith Cavell was born in England in 1865 and trained as a nurse in the late 1890s. She was also an accomplished linguist, musician and artist. In 1907 she was assisted in establishing a modern nursing system at the Berkendael Medical Institute in Brussels. At the outbreak of World War One she was left in charge of the hospital and what is now known as the Red Cross. During that time she assisted more than 200 Belgian, British and French soldiers who had been separated from their armies, or who had escaped German detention. In 1915, she was accused of conspiring to help prisoners escape, and was tried by a military court in Brussels. She was convicted and sentenced to death, along with four others. Cavell was executed by firing squad on 12 October 1915; she was still wearing her nurse’s uniform. Her body was returned to England in 1919, where a full military service was conducted at Westminster Abbey.colour photograph unmountedBase of the bust: Edith Cavell 1865-1915 Plaque on the plinth: Restored and located in the St Kilda Botanical Gardens in recognition of his mayoral year 1985-86. John Callanan, JP, Mayor. St Kilda Garden Festival 26th October 1986st kilda, st kilda botanical gardens, plaques, edith cavell, world war i

'Mandalay' at 3 Molesworth Street, Kew was originally named 'Kaikoura'. Pru Sanderson's 'Kew Urban Conservation Study' (1988) describes the house as: "The first documentary evidence of this property records that William Dawson was the original owner and occupier of this substantial two-storey mansion, built at the outset of the economic depression of the 1890s. Having an initial N.A.V. of £120 4, the house was occupied by Dawson until at least 1904. This two-storeyed rendered house is Italianate in styling and is dominated by a two-storeyed loggia that spans two facades. At ground floor level it is supported on coupled cast iron colonettes and above has single colonettes that support stilted segmental arches. The house is quite typical of its time, however it bears a strong resemblance to 39 Sackville Street probably by Beswicke and Coote (q.v.), and 'Kawarau'.in Hawthorn, designed by Coote. The similarity of these buildings and the fact that Beswicke and Coote called tenders for a house in Molesworth Street, both suggest that this house was also by that firm.Large original, black and white print positive photograph of 3 Molesworth Street, Kew The two storey Italianate mansion has a double loggia and two bay windows on the side of the property. A car is parked in front.manadaly - molesworth street (kew), historic houses -- kew, italianate architecture -- kew (vic.), kaikoura -- molesworth street -- kew (vic.), beswicke & coote

This well-known Kew business, which would become known as The Model Dairy, was founded in 1863 by James Venn Morgan. Morgan sold the company in the 1890s to John Simonton who renamed the business The Model Dairy Co. Simonton had experience in the local dairying industry having previously leased the Willsmere Park Dairy. He moved the business to Belmont Avenue in c.1899. In 1924, following his retirement, the company expanded to become The Model Dairy Pty Ltd with Arnold Thompson Simonton and John Tanner as its owner/directors. With new techniques and processes such a pasteurisation, the Belmont Avenue site no longer met required standards for processing and bottling, so its operations moved to 191 Cotham Road. The company celebrated its centenary in 1963. A new factory, built in 1959 to a design by Bates, Smart & McCutcheon, was purchased by Bib Stillwell Motors after the dairy closed. The entire site has since been redeveloped.Original black and white photographic positive of a Model Dairy Truck emerging onto Kent Street, Kew.the model dairy pty ltd, the model dairy co, john simonton, james venn morgan, john tanner, cotham road, kent street, ridgeway avenue, bates smart & mccutcheon, dairies -- kew (vic.)

This well-known Kew business, which would become known as The Model Dairy, was founded in 1863 by James Venn Morgan. Morgan sold the company in the 1890s to John Simonton who renamed the business The Model Dairy Co. Simonton had experience in the local dairying industry having previously leased the Willsmere Park Dairy. He moved the business to Belmont Avenue in c.1899. In 1924, following his retirement, the company expanded to become The Model Dairy Pty Ltd with Arnold Thompson Simonton and John Tanner as its owner/directors. With new techniques and processes such a pasteurisation, the Belmont Avenue site no longer met required standards for processing and bottling, so its operations moved to 191 Cotham Road. The company celebrated its centenary in 1963. A new factory, built in 1959 to a design by Bates, Smart & McCutcheon, was purchased by Bib Stillwell Motors after the dairy closed. The entire site has since been redeveloped.Original black and white photographic positive of a Model Dairy Truck emerging onto Kent Street, Kew.the model dairy pty ltd, the model dairy co, john simonton, james venn morgan, john tanner, cotham road, kent street, ridgeway avenue, bates smart & mccutcheon, dairies -- kew (vic.)

This well-known Kew business, which would become known as The Model Dairy, was founded in 1863 by James Venn Morgan. Morgan sold the company in the 1890s to John Simonton who renamed the business The Model Dairy Co. Simonton had experience in the local dairying industry having previously leased the Willsmere Park Dairy. He moved the business to Belmont Avenue in c.1899. In 1924, following his retirement, the company expanded to become The Model Dairy Pty Ltd with Arnold Thompson Simonton and John Tanner as its owner/directors. With new techniques and processes such a pasteurisation, the Belmont Avenue site no longer met required standards for processing and bottling, so its operations moved to 191 Cotham Road. The company celebrated its centenary in 1963. A new factory, built in 1959 to a design by Bates, Smart & McCutcheon, was purchased by Bib Stillwell Motors after the dairy closed. The entire site has since been redeveloped.Original black and white photographic positive of a Model Dairy Truck emerging onto Kent Street, Kew.the model dairy pty ltd, the model dairy co, john simonton, james venn morgan, john tanner, cotham road, kent street, ridgeway avenue, bates smart & mccutcheon, dairies -- kew (vic.)

This well-known Kew business, which would become known as The Model Dairy, was founded in 1863 by James Venn Morgan. Morgan sold the company in the 1890s to John Simonton who renamed the business The Model Dairy Co. Simonton had experience in the local dairying industry having previously leased the Willsmere Park Dairy. He moved the business to Belmont Avenue in c.1899. In 1924, following his retirement, the company expanded to become The Model Dairy Pty Ltd with Arnold Thompson Simonton and John Tanner as its owner/directors. With new techniques and processes such a pasteurisation, the Belmont Avenue site no longer met required standards for processing and bottling, so its operations moved to 191 Cotham Road. The company celebrated its centenary in 1963. A new factory, built in 1959 to a design by Bates, Smart & McCutcheon, was purchased by Bib Stillwell Motors after the dairy closed. The entire site has since been redeveloped.Original black and white photographic positive of a Model Dairy Truck emerging onto Kent Street, Kew.the model dairy pty ltd, the model dairy co, john simonton, james venn morgan, john tanner, cotham road, kent street, ridgeway avenue, bates smart & mccutcheon, dairies -- kew (vic.)

This well-known Kew business, which would become known as The Model Dairy, was founded in 1863 by James Venn Morgan. Morgan sold the company in the 1890s to John Simonton who renamed the business The Model Dairy Co. Simonton had experience in the local dairying industry having previously leased the Willsmere Park Dairy. He moved the business to Belmont Avenue in c.1899. In 1924, following his retirement, the company expanded to become The Model Dairy Pty Ltd with Arnold Thompson Simonton and John Tanner as its owner/directors. With new techniques and processes such a pasteurisation, the Belmont Avenue site no longer met required standards for processing and bottling, so its operations moved to 191 Cotham Road. The company celebrated its centenary in 1963. A new factory, built in 1959 to a design by Bates, Smart & McCutcheon, was purchased by Bib Stillwell Motors after the dairy closed. The entire site has since been redeveloped.Original black and white photographic positive of a Model Dairy Truck parked in Kent Street, Kew.the model dairy pty ltd, the model dairy co, john simonton, james venn morgan, john tanner, cotham road, kent street, ridgeway avenue, bates smart & mccutcheon, dairies -- kew (vic.)

This well-known Kew business, which would become known as The Model Dairy, was founded in 1863 by James Venn Morgan. Morgan sold the company in the 1890s to John Simonton who renamed the business The Model Dairy Co. Simonton had experience in the local dairying industry having previously leased the Willsmere Park Dairy. He moved the business to Belmont Avenue in c.1899. In 1924, following his retirement, the company expanded to become The Model Dairy Pty Ltd with Arnold Thompson Simonton and John Tanner as its owner/directors. With new techniques and processes such a pasteurisation, the Belmont Avenue site no longer met required standards for processing and bottling, so its operations moved to 191 Cotham Road. The company celebrated its centenary in 1963. A new factory, built in 1959 to a design by Bates, Smart & McCutcheon, was purchased by Bib Stillwell Motors after the dairy closed. The entire site has since been redeveloped.Original black and white photographic positive of a Model Dairy Truck parked in Kent Street, Kew.the model dairy pty ltd, the model dairy co, john simonton, james venn morgan, john tanner, cotham road, kent street, ridgeway avenue, bates smart & mccutcheon, dairies -- kew (vic.)

This well-known Kew business, which would become known as The Model Dairy, was founded in 1863 by James Venn Morgan. Morgan sold the company in the 1890s to John Simonton who renamed the business The Model Dairy Co. Simonton had experience in the local dairying industry having previously leased the Willsmere Park Dairy. He moved the business to Belmont Avenue in c.1899. In 1924, following his retirement, the company expanded to become The Model Dairy Pty Ltd with Arnold Thompson Simonton and John Tanner as its owner/directors. With new techniques and processes such a pasteurisation, the Belmont Avenue site no longer met required standards for processing and bottling, so its operations moved to 191 Cotham Road. The company celebrated its centenary in 1963. A new factory, built in 1959 to a design by Bates, Smart & McCutcheon, was purchased by Bib Stillwell Motors after the dairy closed. The entire site has since been redeveloped.Original black and white photographic positive of two Model Dairy Trucks in Kent Street, Kew. Barenya Court and Cotham Shopping Centre in distancethe model dairy pty ltd, the model dairy co, john simonton, james venn morgan, john tanner, cotham road, kent street, ridgeway avenue, bates smart & mccutcheon, dairies -- kew (vic.)

This well-known Kew business, which would become known as The Model Dairy, was founded in 1863 by James Venn Morgan. Morgan sold the company in the 1890s to John Simonton who renamed the business The Model Dairy Co. Simonton had experience in the local dairying industry having previously leased the Willsmere Park Dairy. He moved the business to Belmont Avenue in c.1899. In 1924, following his retirement, the company expanded to become The Model Dairy Pty Ltd with Arnold Thompson Simonton and John Tanner as its owner/directors. With new techniques and processes such a pasteurisation, the Belmont Avenue site no longer met required standards for processing and bottling, so its operations moved to 191 Cotham Road. The company celebrated its centenary in 1963. A new factory, built in 1959 to a design by Bates, Smart & McCutcheon, was purchased by Bib Stillwell Motors after the dairy closed. The entire site has since been redeveloped.Original black and white photographic positive of Model Dairy Trucks in Kent Street, Kew. Barenya Court and Cotham Shopping Centre in distancethe model dairy pty ltd, the model dairy co, john simonton, james venn morgan, john tanner, cotham road, kent street, ridgeway avenue, bates smart & mccutcheon, dairies -- kew (vic.)

This well-known Kew business, which would become known as The Model Dairy, was founded in 1863 by James Venn Morgan. Morgan sold the company in the 1890s to John Simonton who renamed the business The Model Dairy Co. Simonton had experience in the local dairying industry having previously leased the Willsmere Park Dairy. He moved the business to Belmont Avenue in c.1899. In 1924, following his retirement, the company expanded to become The Model Dairy Pty Ltd with Arnold Thompson Simonton and John Tanner as its owner/directors. With new techniques and processes such a pasteurisation, the Belmont Avenue site no longer met required standards for processing and bottling, so its operations moved to 191 Cotham Road. The company celebrated its centenary in 1963. A new factory, built in 1959 to a design by Bates, Smart & McCutcheon, was purchased by Bib Stillwell Motors after the dairy closed. The entire site has since been redeveloped.Digital copy of a business card advertising the Model Dairy in Belmont Avenue, Kew, managed by John Simonton. (The card was donated by John Harvey Simonton in 2021,)"Milk delivered fresh twice daily in / Kew, Hawthorn & Camberwell / All Milk guaranteed free from chemicals, used either to preserve or colour it / Our butter (Model Dairy Brand) / I Manufactured from Pure Cream by the most improved Machinery / [DRAWING] The Model Dairy Co Belmont Avenue Kew / Model Dairy Co / Belmont Avenue, Kew / John Simonton, Manager"model dairy -- kew (vic.), john simonton, belmont avenue -- kew (vic.), dairies -- kew (vic.)

This well-known Kew business, which would become known as The Model Dairy, was founded in 1863 by James Venn Morgan. Morgan sold the company in the 1890s to John Simonton who renamed the business The Model Dairy Co. Simonton had experience in the local dairying industry having previously leased the Willsmere Park Dairy. He moved the business to Belmont Avenue in c.1899. In 1924, following his retirement, the company expanded to become The Model Dairy Pty Ltd with Arnold Thompson Simonton and John Tanner as its owner/directors. With new techniques and processes such a pasteurisation, the Belmont Avenue site no longer met required standards for processing and bottling, so its operations moved to 191 Cotham Road. The company celebrated its centenary in 1963. A new factory, built in 1959 to a design by Bates, Smart & McCutcheon, was purchased by Bib Stillwell Motors after the dairy closed. The entire site has since been redeveloped.Digital copy of the front side of an invoice, for week ending 22 June 1907 by John Simonton of the Model Dairy in Belmont Avenue to Watson for delivery of 17 bottles of milk on six occasions during the week . A drawing of the Model Dairy is printed at the top of the invoice. (The card was donated by John Harvey Simonton in 2021,)"[To M] Watson" / "Paid A Simonton 26/6.07"model dairy -- kew (vic.), john simonton, belmont avenue -- kew (vic.), dairies -- kew (vic.), invoices

This well-known Kew business, which would become known as The Model Dairy, was founded in 1863 by James Venn Morgan. Morgan sold the company in the 1890s to John Simonton who renamed the business The Model Dairy Co. Simonton had experience in the local dairying industry having previously leased the Willsmere Park Dairy. He moved the business to Belmont Avenue in c.1899. In 1924, following his retirement, the company expanded to become The Model Dairy Pty Ltd with Arnold Thompson Simonton and John Tanner as its owner/directors. With new techniques and processes such a pasteurisation, the Belmont Avenue site no longer met required standards for processing and bottling, so its operations moved to 191 Cotham Road. The company celebrated its centenary in 1963. A new factory, built in 1959 to a design by Bates, Smart & McCutcheon, was purchased by Bib Stillwell Motors after the dairy closed. The entire site has since been redeveloped.Rare silver plate salver commemorating one of Kew's most famous businesses. The salver is one of a pair, identically engraved with Model Dairy 1963-1963.Hecworth reproduction old sheffield plate salver with foliate edge on three feet, with impressed maker mark on reverse rim and engraved with the words 'Model Dairy 1963-1963' in the centre of the reverse. "Heckworth Plate was made by Platers Pty Ltd at 39 Greeves St, St Kilda, Melbourne, Victoria. Platers introduced 'Hecworth' Sheffield Reproduction Silverware in 1940 and in 1946 'Hecworth' was acquired by Rodd Pty Ltd." (MAAS)MODEL DAIRY 1863 - 1963model dairy -- kew (vic.), commemorative silver, john tanner, tanner family

This well-known Kew business, which would become known as The Model Dairy, was founded in 1863 by James Venn Morgan. Morgan sold the company in the 1890s to John Simonton who renamed the business The Model Dairy Co. Simonton had experience in the local dairying industry having previously leased the Willsmere Park Dairy. He moved the business to Belmont Avenue in c.1899. In 1924, following his retirement, the company expanded to become The Model Dairy Pty Ltd with Arnold Thompson Simonton and John Tanner as its owner/directors. With new techniques and processes such a pasteurisation, the Belmont Avenue site no longer met required standards for processing and bottling, so its operations moved to 191 Cotham Road. The company celebrated its centenary in 1963. A new factory, built in 1959 to a design by Bates, Smart & McCutcheon, was purchased by Bib Stillwell Motors after the dairy closed. The entire site has since been redeveloped.Rare silver plate salver commemorating one of Kew's most famous businesses. The salver is one of a pair, identically engraved with Model Dairy 1963-1963.Hecworth reproduction old sheffield plate salver with foliate edge on three feet, with impressed maker mark on reverse rim and engraved with the words 'Model Dairy 1963-1963' in the centre of the reverse. "Heckworth Plate was made by Platers Pty Ltd at 39 Greeves St, St Kilda, Melbourne, Victoria. Platers introduced 'Hecworth' Sheffield Reproduction Silverware in 1940 and in 1946 'Hecworth' was acquired by Rodd Pty Ltd." (MAAS)MODEL DAIRY 1863 - 1963model dairy -- kew (vic.), commemorative silver, john tanner, tanner family

The battery powered set, which dates from the second half of the twentieth century, comprises two main components, the electronic keyer with a single lever for tapping, and a transmitter (?), both connected by a keying cable. Morse code was invented in the 1830s by American, Samuel Finely Breese by using electrical signals to quickly transmit information over a long range. In the early 1890s Italian inventor, Guglielmo Marconi improved the technology to the point where it became an essential device used for commercial and government purposes. The first practical applications were demonstrated with maritime messaging, where this simple mode of communication was seen as a timely replacement for the historic practice of signaling by flags, lights and foghorns. Cape Schanck has an earlier Morse code key, which is original to the lightstation (CSLS 0035), and Cape Otway has another early example although its provenance to the lightstation has not been formally verified (COLS 0074). The Morse code set has first level contributory significance for its historical value as an earlier communications device that has since been made redundant by more sophisticated technologies.Morse code key set. Comprised of the tapping component and a metal box part with a white electrical cord.Yes

Pen-wipers or pen-cleaners were invented to prolong the usefulness of their pens by keeping them clean and dry between uses. This helped to prevent rusting of the nib from water-based inks. In the 1890s and 1900s, with the rise of the fountain pen, pen-cleaners remained a popular desktop accessory, since they could still be used to wipe away the excess ink from the nib and feed of a pen, once it had been refilled in an inkwell. Pen-cleaners died out in the second half of the 1900s when people started using ballpoint pens. This wiper was used by the teacher at Upper Gundowring Primary school, Victoria. The school, number 2733, opened on 13 July 1886. Due to changing demographics in the region, in 1953 the school was merged with schools from Dederang North, Kergunyah, Gundowring, Kiewa, Red Bluff, Charleroi and Gundowing North on a 10 acre site with 11 rooms at Kiewa to become Kiewa Valley Consolidated School.This item is was donated by Mrs. Betty Barberis, a well-known artist in the Wodonga district.ThIs ceramic pen wiper/ cleaner was produced to clean and maintain the nib on an ink pen. It has a blue line pattern at the base, middle and inside the rim.domestic items, writing implements, pen and ink

The Coolgardie safe was invented in the late 1890s on the Western Australian goldfields. Its invention was credited to a local contractor named Arthur Patrick McCormick. It was a practical system to preserve food prior to modern refrigeration. The wire grid kept the food safe from vermin and allowed breeze to blow through. It was often covered with wet hessian so that as the breeze circulated the water evaporated, creating the same concept as coolant in modern refrigerators and ice boxes. In most respects it was a variation of the bushman’s hessian bag hanging in a tree. In larger towns and cities during this time period large "ice works" could deliver block ice to areas that required a form of refrigeration. These ice blocks where held in early refrigerators to keep perishables cool. In isolated or rural households, the Coolgardie or meat safe was the next best, practical solution for food preservation. This safe was used in the home of the Conway family in Wodonga.This item is very significant to the Wodonga region as it represents the initiative and problem solving skills of the early settlers. It also reflects the primitive conditions in which they lived before the arrival of more modern services such as electricity.Meat safe or Coolgardie safe manufactured in Australia. This safe is made from metal and has been painted in green paint. 2 sides of the safe have a pattern of 6 squares of holes to allow for ventilation and air flow. The holes would also guard against insects and other vermin. There is one shelf inside, dividing it into 2 sections. The safe has a hook attached so that it can be suspended, often from a tree or on a verandah to increase air flow. The safe would often be covered by wet hessian to promote further cooling and preservation of foods such as milk, butter and meat.coolgardie safe, food preservation, pioneers innovation

The Cabbage Tree Creek township was originally established to support the booming timber industry of the mid 20th century. Five timber mills worked full time supporting the families that were drawn to the area's wealth of natural resources. The settlement of Cabbage Tree Creek is located on the Princes Highway, 27 km east of Orbost in East Gippsland. The first white settler arrived in the valley in 1887 cutting a dray track from Marlo to the south-west. Several families cleared the alluvial flats, growing maize, peas and beans and raising pigs, cattle and sheep. Later the farmers milked cows, sending cream to Orbost. In the late 1890s, small quantities of alluvial gold were found in the creek. A school commenced classes in 1913, but enrolment was small and at times the school operated part time with several other small schools in the area. The school building served as a hall for the district. From the 1920s the Cabbage Tree Hotel catered to drivers on the improved Princes Highway. (info. from Victorian Places)This is a pictorial record of Cabbage Tree, East Gippsland in the late 20th century. It shows a building that no longer exists.A small black / white photograph of a single storey timber building. On a sign below the roof is "Cabbage Tree Hotel". The hotel is surrounded by a wooden picket fence. A man and woman are standing on either side of a motor car parked on the roadway in front of the building.on back - on label - Cabbage Tree Hotelcabbage-tree-hotel

This book was written by C. Frusher Howard in 1874 and this copy is the 1892 edition. C. Frusher Howard was the alias of Joseph Ostler (‘Frusher’ was his mother’s maiden name) and he was the first district secretary of the Moorabbin Roads Board. He absconded with its funds in 1867. After some time in the goldfields of U.S.A. and a bigamous marriage he published ‘The Art of Reckoning’ which was highly successful in Britain and U.S.A. He was able to pay back the money he had embezzled. He advertised that he was a Fellow of the Society of Science, Letters and Art, London, but this was a profit-making society owned by an individual and enabled members to wear academic dress and use the title of ‘Professor’. Ostler had in reality no academic qualifications. In the early 1890s he lectured on his ideas on mathematical calculation and publicized his four books in India, Egypt, Palestine and South Africa. In 1896 he returned to Australia and at the 1896-7 Warrnambool Industrial and Art Exhibition Howard gave daily lectures on mathematical calculations and illustrated these with the aid of a blackboard. The inscription in this book does not appear to have any local significance but the book is of interest because the author, C. Frusher Howard, was a lecturer at the Warrnambool Industrial and Art Exhibition of 1896-7. This is a soft cover book of 142 pages. There are several pages at the back of the book advertising other books published by Cassell and Company. The cover is brown with an ornate border on the front cover and black printing on the front cover, spine and back cover. The lettering on the spine has been mostly worn away. The first page has a black and white sketch of the author, C. Frusher Howard, in academic dress. The inscription is handwritten in black ink. ‘C.F. Hamilton, South Heathcote, 1893’ c. frusher howard (joseph ostler)

This ledger is a Warrnambool Swintons Store stock book and contains the sales of stock from September 1869 to an unknown date (perhaps to the end of 1870) and entries for 1871, 1872 and 1873, 1889, the 1890s and some dates early in the 20th century. William and Ann Swinton migrated to Australia in 1854 and for a decade William Swinton worked as a builder and carpenter in the Warrnambool area, erecting many buildings, including the Wangoom Presbyterian Church. In 1865 he opened a store in Timor Street, Warrnambool selling groceries, glassware and china. In 1888 the business was known as William Swinton and Sons. Branch shops were opened in Cudgee, Nullawarre, Wangoom, South Warrnambool and West Warrnambool. When William died his son Robert became the first managing director of Swintons Pty Ltd. In 1934 the business split in two with George Swinton and Sons selling furnishings, clothing and glassware and Swintons Pty Ltd selling seeds, hardware and produce. Today the Swinton family still operates a furniture and bedding store in Timor Street. This ledger is very important as an early memento of the Swinton Stores in Warrnambool. It gives details of sales in the 19th century and has material relating to the assets of the founder of the business, William Swinton at the time of his death. It is of great interest to researchers. The current family business in Timor Street Warrnambool is the oldest family business in Warrnambool and, with the Swinton name associated with businesses in Timor Street for 152 years, is among the oldest family businesses in Australia. This is a dark green hard cover ledger with light brown leather bindings on the spine and cover edges. There is gold lettering on the spine. The cover is stained and the leather is torn and partly detached in places. The insides of the cover have a blue and white mottled patterning. The pages are blue with printed red lines. The entries are handwritten in black ink. There are four loose pages and two pieces of a plant dried and preserved between two pages. ‘Day Book’ ‘Stock Book Warrnambool September 2nd 1869’ swinton family, warrnambool

This card has a sketch map showing the properties surrounding Dunmore on one side and a detailed sketch plan of Dunmore homestead in the early 1970s on the other side. The plan of Dunmore homestead shows interesting features such as the brick oven for bread making, the croquet lawn, the site of the aboriginal mia mias, the Turkish baths and the fowl house used later as a poison house. Francis and Ann Baulch were pioneer settlers in the Kirkstall area and their son Samuel worked at Dunmore in the Macarthur area before purchasing in the early 1870s the property he named Rose Park. In the 1890s he acquired property in the Dunmore estate and his son Stan Baulch gained a section of the Dunmore property after his father’s death. Stan Baulch named this Dunmore section, Rose Park, a property to the west of his father’s original Rose Park property. Stan Baulch was a long time member of the Warrnambool & District Historical Society and he contributed many local history articles and donated many local artefacts to the Society.This sketch plan is of interest as it tells us what the historic homestead of Dunmore in Western Victoria was like in the early 1970s. It will be useful for research. This is a sheet of white lightweight cardboard with a pencilled sketch on one side and a blue ink sketch plan of a house on the other side. The edges of the card have some torn sections. The card is enclosed in an oval cardboard cylinder (recycled and torn at the ends). Both the card and the cover have handwritten titles in ink. Dunmore Homestead & History by S. Baulch Dunmore Homestead drawn by Stan Baulch c.1972 dunmore property, western victoria, baulch family

Situated at the eastern end of York Street, Eltham, 'Shinrone', the former home of Professor William (Mac) MacMahon Ball was one of the first in the Shire of Eltham to incorporate mud-brick. Professor MacMahon Ball, a political scientist, writer, broadcaster and diplomat and family moved to York Street, Eltham in 1945 into a timber cottage built around the 1890s and in poor repair. Mac asked Alistair Knox to renovate the home and he expanded the living area and added verandahs. In 1948 Montsalvat artist and sculptor Sonia Skipper supervised the building of most of the mud-brick studio. Neighbour Gordon Ford made the mud-bricks. Mac also asked John Harcourt, who had worked with him as a journalist in shortwave broadcasting, to build a pise (rammed earth) and stone addition to the largely timber house. Harcourt built two bedrooms - including an attic bedroom - a balcony with a shower and toilet, and a fireplace and chimney of local stone. Published: Nillumbik Now and Then /​ Marguerite Marshall 2008; photographs Alan King with Marguerite Marshall.; p141This collection of almost 130 photos about places and people within the Shire of Nillumbik, an urban and rural municipality in Melbourne's north, contributes to an understanding of the history of the Shire. Published in 2008 immediately prior to the Black Saturday bushfires of February 7, 2009, it documents sites that were impacted, and in some cases destroyed by the fires. It includes photographs taken especially for the publication, creating a unique time capsule representing the Shire in the early 21st century. It remains the most recent comprehenesive publication devoted to the Shire's history connecting local residents to the past. nillumbik now and then (marshall-king) collection, eltham, alistair knox, gordon ford, john harcourt, mudbrick construction, pise construction, professor macmahon ball, shinrone, sonia skipper, york street

This image shows the house occupied by Thomas Mason and his family in 1883. The man in the centre of the image holding the reins of the horse is possibly Thomas Mason. One of the two women seated in the buggy is possibly his wife Catherine Mason (nee Whelan). This house was built by grazier George Palmer Hall around 1846-1848 north of what is now Lerderderg Street, Bacchus Marsh, at a point close to the Lerderderg RIver. The house and the accompanying farm of over 5,000 hectares was leased by George Ball to George Hobler in the late 1840s and early 1850s. During this time George Hobler's daughter Emily married Henry Bacchus the son of Captain William Bacchus. By 1865 Thomas Mason had purchased the property. Mason named the property Riverton. After his death in the 1890s the property was owned by a number of different people. The house was still in use until 1999 but since this time has been unoccupied and its condition has significantly deteriorated.This image is significant because it depicts one of the earliest houses built in the town of Bacchus Marsh. It is probably the earliest surviving image of this Bacchus Marsh pre-gold rush structure.Small sepia unframed photograph on card with gold border framing photograph. Housed in the album, 'Photographs of Bacchus Marsh and District in 1883 by Stevenson and McNicoll'. The image shows a brick house, with an iron roof and with a white picket fence around the front garden. There is a buggy to the left of the image with two women seated in it. A man stands in front of the buggy holding the reins of a white horse which is harnessed to the buggy. Further to the right of the image is an older man with his hands in his pockets. On the front: Stevenson & McNicoll. Photo. 108 Elizabeth St. Melbourne. COPIES CAN BE OBTAINED AT ANY TIME. On the back: LIGHT & TRUTH inscribed on a banner surmounted by a representation of the rising sun. Copies of this Portrait can be had at any time by sending the Name and Post Office Money Order or Stamps for the amount of order to STEVENSON & McNICOLL LATE BENSON & STEVENSON, Photographers. 108 Elizabeth Street, MELBOURNE stevenson and mcnicoll 1883 photographs of bacchus marsh and district, houses bacchus marsh, george hobler 1800-1882, henry bacchus 1820-1887, emily bacchus, mason family bacchus marsh

Bethanga was established as a result of the discovery of gold. Gold was first reported in the Bethanga area in 1852. Before 1876 gold mining in the Bethanga district occurred to the north of the town and was known as the 'Talgarno diggings'. Reports of alluvial gold date back to 1852. Early gold fields were worked at Ruby Creek, Gold Creek and Jarvis Creek. The opening of the Bethanga goldfields began with the discovery of a gold-bearing quartz reef on New Year’s Day 1876. The 'Gift' mine site is located southeast of Kurrajong Gap lookout to the west of Bethanga township. The Great Eastern Copper Smelting Works was opened in 1878. Due to the nature of the gold-bearing quartz reef, the gold was difficult to extract, and the discovery of copper led to a change in focus. It was not until the early 1890s that an efficient technique for extracting the gold from the ore was discovered, and once again gold became the focus, with copper as a by-product. Bethanga was removed from the official list of goldfields in 1912, however some mining activity has taken place since.This image reflects an important time in the development of Bethanga and Northeast Victoria.A large mounted and framed image of horse teams and their owners hauling a large boiler to the gold mine near Bethanga, Victoria. On label beneath image: "North-eastern "Gold Days"/ Combined teams hauling a boiler to Bethanga Mines, 1900. Teamsters - Mr. G. Pearce, W. Chapple, G, Bannon." Donated by Ron Saunders and Barbara Cadman"bethanga, gold mining northeast victoria, gold mining bethanga, bethanga history