Six page document plus map, dated 21st September 1940, between the Crown and Herbert Jackson Leed, for the land shown on the accompanying map 'indicated by yellow colour' Depths indicated on lease document. On map: Mining District of Bendigo, County of Bendigo, Parish of Sandhurst. No. 11081. Net Area 24 acres, 3 roods, 3 perches. Signed by Herbert Leed and ?Walsh, Warden Clerk, Bendigo. Map shows lease holding 11081 coloured yellow. Other leases: no's. 9882 11081, 11034, 11080. Streets: Fletcher Street, and Belle Vue Road. Gullies: Derwenters Mistake Bully and Pig Face Gully on lease 11081. Quarry Hill Recreation Reserve marked and some residential allotments. Water race indicated on map. On back of document: ; Deborah United Gold Mining Company No Liability of Charing Cross Bendigo is now the proprietor of the within described estate by transfer registered on 21st November 1940 and numbered 1795202.bendigo, mining, deborah united gold mine, herbert jackson leed, deborah united gold mining. major general sir winston joseph dugan

The painting is of John Henry Lockett (Jack) Refer Cat No's 8143, 8144, 8145.10P for awards and service history.Framed water colour portrait painting showing a man sitting with walking stick, in the background is a frame with a soldier in. The frame is gold with a black streak, painting is set in a white backing with a gold edge. under is a brass plaque with details.On plaque, "John Henry (Jack) Lockett OAM - 1891 - 2002 - On loan courtesy of the Lockett Family"brsl, smirsl, painting lockett

PASTEL PAINTING BY MRS, HOLLY BARKELLGOLD FRAMED & GOLD MOUNTED PASTEL PAINTING, SHOWING TREES WITH WATER IN BACKGROUND.local history, illustration, pastel, barkell, harris family

The letter to William Ferrier of South Warrnambool from the Prime Minister and the Parliament of the Commonwealth recognised the significance of William’s brave and courageous lifesaving act to the people of Australia; “They all feel that your conduct was worthy of the best deeds done by British sailors in the past and they are proud to know that Australia can produce such as you.” The story of that brave rescue follows on below … The ship from which the sailors were rescued was the three-masted, iron and steel barquentine the La Bella, built in Norway in 1893. She was one of two iron and steel ships by Johan Smith, The company was one of the leading shipping families in Tvedestrand, Norway. She was significant to Norwegian shipping, being one of only 27 iron and steel ships ever built in Norway. She was registered in New Zealand and engaged from 1902 in inter-colonial trading of timber in the Pacific, between New Zealand and Australia and was often in Port Phillip Bay, Victoria. On 5th October 1905, the twelve-year-old La Bella left Lyttleton, New Zealand carrying a cargo of timber bound for Warrnambool, Australia. She was manned by a crew of twelve: the Master, (Captain Mylius, previously 1st Mate of La Bella, appointed Captain to La Bella on 6th February 1903) 2 Mates, Cook, six able seamen, one ordinary seaman and a boy. Bad weather en route caused her to shelter at Burnie on Tasmania's North West coast. On November 10th, the 37th day of her journey, La Bella approached Warrnambool. Captain Mylius steered her towards Lady Bay Channel in heavy south-west seas and evening mist. He ordered the helmsman to steer for the light. As the ship came round, a tremendous sea struck her on the port quarter, causing her to breach broadside in a north-westerly direction into breakers. The helm was brought round twice more, but each time heavy seas broke over her, the third time throwing the La Bella on to a submerged reef in Lady Bay now known as La Bella Reef (about 100 yards from the Warrnambool breakwater). The sea was so rough that it even wrenched a one-and-a-half ton anchor from its fastenings and into the sea. As Captain Mylius headed to the steel wheelhouse, intending to send up a rocket flare, a huge sea slammed the steel door into him (resulting in massive bruising front and back) Despite his injuries he still managed to set off a blue light, which he held up in his hands. La Bella’s lifeboats were filled with seawater and broke up on their chocks. The blue light was the first indication to people on the shore that there was a ship in distress. The Harbour Master, Captain Roe (who lived in the Harbour Master’s House opposite Flagstaff Hill), organised a group of volunteers to crew the lifeboat because the trained crew was unavailable; the crewmen were working on a steamer in Port Fairy at the time. He then poured oil onto the water to try and smooth the sea. At around 11 pm three of the crew took shelter in the steel forecastle but the sea crashed into it and broke it up. While the rest of the crew and onlookers watched helplessly in the moonlight the bodies were washed away into the sea, never to be seen again. Some of the crew lashed themselves to the weather rail to keep from being washed away. Watson, the ordinary seaman, became tangled in the rigging lines and was too weak to move, so the 2nd Mate, Robertson, put a line onto him so that he wouldn’t wash off. Around 11 pm three of the crew were unconscious from exhaustion. The situation on La Bella was becoming dangerous. The 2nd Mate moved to the ‘house’ and soon afterwards the ship slipped in the heavy sea. The lashings of the 1st Mate and the ‘boy’ Denham had kept them safe until about 2 am when they were washed overboard; no one was able to help. One by one, the exhausted crew were being washed overboard, too weak to hold on any longer. During the night the La Bella had broken into two and the deckhouse ran out towards the sea. Two more men drowned when trying to reach the lifeboat. By sunrise, the only survivors of the twelve were the Master, 2nd Mate and three seamen. Early in the morning, Captain Roe used the rocket apparatus on shore to try and shoot a line to the ship for a safer rescue but each attempt fell short of the target. Several attempts were made by the lifeboat to rescue the stricken sailors, but the rough conditions made this difficult for the boat to get close enough to the ship and the lifeboat had to return to shore. During a final attempt to reach the ship Captain Mylius ordered his men to jump into the sea. Leonard Robertson, 2nd mate, jumped and swam towards the lifeboat, taking hold of the boat hook offered to him. Oscar Rosenholme managed to reach the boat floating on a piece of timber from the ship’s load and a third survivor, Noake, also made the boat. Along with the lifeboat rescue crew, 25-year-old William Ferrier rowed his small dingy through the heavy seas and managed to rescue the Captain, whom he landed on the breakwater. Ferrier then returned to the ship to attempt a final rescue, losing his oars and rowlocks into the high sea. Using just a spare paddle he skulled towards the La Bella, reaching her stern in time to cut loose the lone surviving sailor, Payne, from the lashing that held him to the ship; the terrified sailor dropped from the ship and into the dingy. Shortly after the last man was rescued, the La Bella was lifted by a huge wave and crashed back down on the reef; she broke up and sank. The ordeal had lasted ten hours. The survivors were taken to the nearby Bay View Hotel and gratefully received warm food and clothing, medical attention and a place to sleep. In the following days, an unidentified body of a young person has washed ashore; it was either Watson or Denham. The body was buried in the Warrnambool cemetery with an appropriate gravestone and inscription. William Ferrier became a national hero as news of the daring rescue spread. In recognition of his bravery in the two daring rescues, he was awarded the Silver Medal for Bravery by the Royal Humane Society and was honoured in the letter from the Prime Minister and the Parliament of the Commonwealth, telegrams and a cheque for £20 from the Governor-General, over £150 subscribed by the public, including Warrnambool and district and readers of The Argus, and a gold medal from the Glenelg Dinghy Club of South Australia. Ferrier’s rescue efforts are one of the most heroic in Victoria’s shipwreck history. (William Ferrier’s son, Frank, received a similar award almost fifty years later when he helped rescue four members of the crew on the yacht Merlan after it ran on to a reef near the Point Lonsdale Lighthouse. ) The wreck of La Bella now lies on her port side in 13 metres of sheltered water inside the reef she struck. The bow section is relatively intact and part of the stern has drifted north-easterly towards the mouth of the Hopkins River. The reef the La Bella struck now bears its name. Those five rescued from the La Bella were Captain George Mylius, Leonard Robertson (2nd Mate, 21 years old), R. Payne, Oscar Rosenholme and Jack Noake. Those seven who lost their lives were Mr Coulson (1st mate), Charles Jackman (cook) Gustave Johnson, Pierre Johann and Robert Gent (all able seamen), Harry Watson (ordinary seaman) and Jack Denham (ship’s boy), Captain Mylius was found guilty of careless navigation; he had sailed into the bay without the services of a pilot. His Master Certificate was suspended for twelve months. Later he was also charged with the manslaughter of one of the crew who had died when the La Bella was wrecked but found not guilty. The event’s adverse publicity and damage to his career took a toll on his health and he died of a heart attack six months after the wreck; he was only thirty-seven. His body was buried in the Melbourne General Cemetery. The La Bella was “the best documented of all sailing ships owned in New Zealand”. Her record books, ship logs, correspondence and supporting papers are still available. At the time of the tragedy, she was owned by Messers David C.Turnbull and Co. of Timaru, New Zealand timber merchants and shipping agents, who had purchased her on 13th December 1901. A detailed account of the last journey of La Bella can be read in “Leonard Robertson, the Whangaroa & La Bella” written by Jack Churchouse, published in 1982 by Millwood Press Ltd, Wellington, NZ. As well as this letter, Flagstaff Hill’s La Bella Collection includes a photograph of the wrecked La Bella, a brass rail holder and a postcard of William Ferrier with four of the survivors. Some 15 – 17 ships are believed to have sunk in Lady Bay, but only two have been discovered on the seafloor; the “La Bella” and the “Edinburgh Castle”. Both wrecks are popular diving sites and are preserved as significant historical marine and marine archaeological sites. This original congratulatory letter sent to William Ferrier by the Prime Minister and Government of Australia demonstrates the importance attached to his efforts for Victoria and to Australia. The letter is part of the La Bella Collection and is significant at both a local and state level. Its connection to the La Bella shipwreck and the rescue of five survivors highlights the dangers of Victoria’s Shipwreck Coast. The letter to William Ferrier from the Australian Government acknowledges the bravery of ordinary Australians who risked their lives to save victims of shipwrecks along the coast. The letter is significant to the history of Warrnambool as it honours William Ferrier, a local fisherman whose descendants continue to live in the area. It highlights the way of life of people who lived in coastal towns in 19th century Victoria and the effects of shipwrecks upon them. The letter connects to the postcard of William Ferrier with four of the five rescued crew, the photograph of the wreck of the La Bella and the artefact from the wreck, the rail holder. This letter is significant because of its association with the sailing ship “La Bella”. The “La Bella” is of local and state and national significance. It is one of the only two shipwrecks discovered in Lady Bay, Warrnambool, out of the 15-17 shipwrecks in the bay. Letter to William Ferrier of South Warrnambool from the Prime Minister and Members of Parliament commending him on his bravery. The printed letterhead includes a coat of arms in the top centre and the official address. The letter is very neatly hand written in black pen and includes 4 signatures of Members of Parliament. The rectangular paper is cream coloured with some yellow/brown discolouring. It has the letterhead on the right hand side of it and the written letter begins below the letterhead. The paper has been folded so that the right side becomes the cover page of the letter. The writing is continued onto the inside right hand page of the folded paper and the writing ends here. There is more recent writing on the bottom right hand corner of the back page. The paper has been officially folded in half a total 3 times and there is heavy discolouration on the sections that form the front and back of the folded letter. There is a 4th fold line that is less pronounced that the other folds and would make the paper the size to fit into a pocket. At several fold creases the paper has worn through. The edges of the paper have minor tears. The printed coat of arms is that of the House of Representatives. Underneath is printed “The Parliament of the Commonwealth, / Parliament House / Melbourne”. The hand written, letter is dated “14th November, 1905” and addressed to “Mr. William Ferrier / South Warrnambool” The letter begins “The Speaker, the Prime Minister and Members of the Ministry and its supporters, the Leader and Members of the Opposition, the Leader and Members of the Labour Party, being all the Members of the House of Representatives of the Federal Parliament of Australia” … It continues “desire to express to you their appreciation of your bravery in skulling out to the wreck of the “La Bella” at Warrnambool on Saturday, 11th November, 1905, and recovering therefrom two of the crew who were in imminent danger of their lives. They all feel that your conduct was worthy of the best deeds done by British sailors in the past and they are proud to know that Australia can produce such as you.” The letter is “Signed on behalf of the Members – Speaker (Frederick Holder ), Deputy Leader of the Opposition (Joseph Cook ), Prime Minister (Alfred Deakin), Leader of the Labour Party ( J.C. Watson)” On the back of the letter is blue ink handwriting “OWNER / G. FERRIER / TO. BE. PHOTOGRAPHED / 27-4-76”la bella, william ferrier, bill ferrier, lady bay, 1905, 10th november 1905, 11th november 1905, parliament of the commonwealth, prime minister, australian government, new zealand, flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village

The certificate commemorates the official opening of the Shrine of Compassion, which houses the large statue of Kwan Yin, carved from marble in Vietnam. The statue was especially chosen by Ven. Thich Phuoc Tan and sponsored by Quang Minh temple. The Shrine of Compassion is located in the Great Stupa's Peace Park. Kwan Yin (also known as Quan Yin or Guanyin) is revered as the Goddess of Mercy in Chinese Buddhist tradition. Depicted holding a vase containing sacred water, symbolising compassion and healing, she is believed to hear the cries of the world and respond with kindness and guidance.The Great Stupa of Universal Compassion (logo); the text: "The Shrine of Compassion was officially opened by Ven. Thich Phuoc Tan June 4 2006".holy objects, buddhist art, statues

Unknown.1 Pastel drawing in timber frame with gold edging on frame. Subject: drawn on a pale brown background a man and woman standing on a wooden bridge, another man in a boat on the water and another standing in the water. Trees in front of buildings in the background. .2 Pastel drawing in timber frame with gold edging on frame. Subject: 2 people in a boat , stone arched bridge and trees in front of tall buildings in the background .1 Signed at bottom right hand corner "Pollie Price"landscape, buildings

This certificate was awarded to news photographer Denis Gibbons to mark his time on USS New Jersey BB62. Gibbons spent 5 years in Vietnam, and photographed the tours of nine Australian infantry battalions for Fairfax press and United Press International. This is a non-official certificate signed by the commanding officer Edward Snyder Jnr.Paper with hard cardboard backing of under water scene-white with blue and gold writing. Banner heading in gold writing. Picture of a battleship top LHS, mermaids x2 holding a painters pallet, Anchor with chain. Emblem of battleship bottom RHS. Swordfish and sharks depicted.Battleship Brethren heading. USS New Jersey BB 62 Firepower for Freedom. Denis Gibbonsdenis gibbons, battleship brethren, march 1969, crewmember certificate, uss new jersey, gibbons, honorary certificate, us navy

Yellow covered booklet titled 'Gold Nuggets of Australia'. Information obtained from every Mines Department in the Commonwealth of Australia. Information includes the name of the nugget, who found it and where. Also included is the weight of the nugget in ounces. Book compiled and written by Harry Ware and printed by Williams Boardley Print Kalgoorlie. The names of the large nuggets are: Welcome Stranger, Welcome, Bullock's Tongue, Curtis, Lady Bowen, Kerr's Hundredweight, Brennan, King of Water Worn, Blanch Barklay, Precious, Canadian, Lady Hotham, Sarah Sands, Viscount Canterbury, Little Hero, Big Ben, Joker, Monarch, Bobby Dazzler, General Gordon, Coolgardie, Friendly Creek, Daisy and Golden Eagle.book, book, gold nuggets of australia, harry ware, williams boardley print kalgoorlie, hargreaves, lister, tom, hotermann, byers, star of hope gold mine, mcginty & party, griffen & party, mcintyre, johnson, ah loy, geo curtis, dr kerr, guiness book of records, richard oates, john deason, red hill mining co., hall, slattery, yilgarn goldfield, arthur bayley, william ford, a villars, doyle & party, peterkin, mcpherson, perriman, pearce, dawson, john dunne, williams & party, anderson, p martin, summons, hart, millar, byrne, dawson, rampling, cole & party, woodall, dawkin, grant, roche, corry, sheehan, thompson, d mcintosh, hurstj, muir, a clive, w mcphee, h mcphee, j simmonds, w eddy, moran, s dighton, w abbott, sam wood, hogan, o'connor, c woods, s willcocks, gessner, huffa, w j murphy, jack legge, micky larkin, jack hehir, paddy hehir, joe matheson, dan browne, jim browne, mcwhinney & party, james larcombe jnr, james larcombe, zuegg & party, f h leach, newman bros

Handwritten notes Titled 'Show Your License'. License introduced in 1851 at 30 shillings a month. All had to pay gold license. In 1855, the fee was abolished and was replaced by the Miner's Right. Also some newspaper reports: Duke of Edinburgh's visit, Engineers & Drivers Meeting, accidents, inrush of water at the Victoria Quartz.document, gold, miner's right, miner's right, show your license, royal hotel, young chum, comet, robin hood, extended hustlers, lazarus, sth belle vue, true blue, unity, garden gully united, victoria queen, david clapperton, thomas clapperton, new chum consolidated, gt ext'd hustlers, victoria quartz, new chum railway, new chum united, lansell's 222, lazarus, old chum, new chum & victoria, devonshire mines, belmont & saxby

Typed notes titled 'The Story of El Dorado' taken from the Mining & Geological Journal, dated January 1938 by D. G. Swift. Notes typed by L. G. Schilling, 13/10/69. Notes mention the disappointments, difficulties with water and the ground and floods, As well as gold they also found large quantities of tin oxide and a large variety of gemstones. A powerful jet of water was used for the mining.document, gold, eldorado, eldorado, the story of el dorado, mining & geological journal january 1938, d g swift, the argus 19/10/1855, kneebone & company, wellington party, mcevoy mine, kneebone mine, tin oxide, gemstones, united eldorado company, mining registrar, ovens gold and tin mining, eldorado extended, perserverance, great extended gold and tin mining, wellington company, mr william dunstan, united ovens gold and tin, the warrior, try again company, mcevoy disaster, cock's pioneer electric gold and tin sluicing company, mr h falsoner, cock's pioneer gold and tin mines n l company, state electricity commission, hydraulic sluicing, gold dredge, cock's eldorado company, l g schilling

Ringbound publication of 212 pagesnon-fictionBeverley Chatham ( daughter of Arthur Chatham) suggested that Commerlghip refers to Watering holes and underground springs found in the Little Woady Yallok and Mt Misery Creeks. Rokewood Junction was proclaimed a township in 1885, originally known as a gold-mining township called Paddy's Gully Diggings. rokewood, rokewood junction, chatham, kurus-a-ruc, henry pitman, elizabeth pitman, william henry pitman, rokewood junction state school, commeralghip, paddy's gully bridge, illabrook, conereyalk, woady yalloak creek, mt misery creek, paddy's gully diggings., dereel, pitfield, wadawurrung, william rutland, squatters, aborigines, aboriginal, charlotte walsh, maurice walsh, julie pitman, ben liston, sheep and wool, george hawkins, natthew wakeling, christopher moody, mt misery goldfield, john bower, mary bower, hyslop's hotel, cumberland store, jane hyslop, edward collyer, jospeh gladstone, lucas's bakery, henry batty, william young, ellen rigby, chinese, joseph anguey, eliza anguey, murder of thomas ulick burke, william achultze, william schiltze, nicholas grenfell, tomas bramley murder, emily malhoff, drowning, ah lin, eliza richards, luisa bupell, eleanor holmes, rachel holmes, joseph holloway, noah holloway, thomas faulkner, robert eli hearn, george todhunter briggs, john robinson fairweather, rokewood common, edward bussell, louisa bussell, irving rachinger, john chatham, doris chatham, peter chatham, jack chatham, imogen chatham, domenico rizzoli, mary rizzoli, rokewood junction railway line, illabrook football and netball club, cape clear, red cross, keith annear, fire brigade, rokewood junction post office, len aarons, dereel pre-emptive right, rokewood junction avenue of honour, arthur chatham

This book is the story of modern Warrnambool, describing aspects of the city from the 1980s to 2015. It looks at such topics as religion, law, population, housing, infrastructure, employment, industry, health, education and politics. The author, Gordon Forth, was formerly a lecturer in the Faculties of Education and Arts and the Director of the Centre for Regional Development at Deakin University in Warrnambool. He has written and edited a number of books dealing with Warrnambool and district history. Mark Rashleigh, responsible for the design and lay-out of the book and many of the photographs, was a lecturer in visual communication and graphic design in the Faculty of Arts at Deakin University and is now involved with the Warrnambool and District Historical Society in the preparation and cataloguing of historical photographs.The book is of some importance as it is the only comprehensive study of Warrnambool over the past 30 years and complements ‘By These We Flourish’, the story of Warrnambool’s people, places and events up to the 1980s. It is will be of great interest to readers in general and researchers in particularThis is a hardcover book of 320 pages. The dust cover is multi-coloured (black, white and gold) with an image of the water tower at the former Fletcher Jones Factory site on the front cover and an image of the Warrnambool Breakwater on the back cover. The hard cover book has the same colouring and images as the dust cover.Front covers – ‘A Tale of Two Cities – A History of Modern Warrnambool’, ‘Gordon Forth’, ‘Halstead Press’ Spines – ‘A Tale of Two Cities – A History of Modern Warrnambool’, ‘Forth’, ‘Halstead’ Back Covers – ISBN number and code warrnambool, gordon forth, a history of modern warrnambool, a tale of two cities

Handwritten notes detailing the wages per week S'hurst year 1868, from boys to the General Manager. Also prices for tools, rope, chain, powder, candles, oil, tallow, quicksilver, leather, cleaning and packing materials, and iron and steel. Also mentioned is the weight of the stampers, their cost, the height they fall, the number of strokes per minute, the number of holes in the gratings, the horse-power to drive each stamper, the quantity of water used per stamp-head in crushing and the quantity of mercury used in the ripples per stamper and the quantity lost per stamp head per week.document, gold, mining reports, wages prices & stamp heads, goldfields & mineral districts of victoria, r brough smyth 1869, sandhurst goldfield 1868

Handwritten extracts mentioning the St. Mungo Battery, the Shenandoah, and the St. Mungo, E'hawk. Notes mention engine, boilers and engine & boiler housing. Also mentioned are gold yields, Dividends, Calls, battery and distance along the reef for the Shenandoah Mine and contractor erecting machinery at the St. Mungo Mine.document, gold, mining reports, mining reports st mungo shenandoah, sec mines & water supply annual report, mining machinery report p 58 & 59, st. mungo battery, shenandoah, a m s 1/6/1899 page 37, st mungo mine, 'the federal australian' extracts from mining notes s'hurst

Two copies of handwritten extracts from the Mine Managers of the Princess Dagmar Mine, Garden Gully line. Mine managers were J. Ebboth, Charles Gambetta, A. Williams and S. Richards. Subjects reported on include supply of water to boiler, new engine- driver, stolen gold, engine house destroyed by fire, painting and cementing the chimney stack, sale of galvd iron and oil barrels, contractors erecting machinery, crushings, repair to shaft, new ropes, broken indicator on winding engine and work stopping and recommencing seven months later. Reports range in date from 1881 to 1914.document, gold, mining reports, extracts from princess dagmar mine manager's report, john ebbott, mr roberts, mr lansell, john roberts, bendigo advertiser sat jan 23rd 1897, harkness and coy, almond williams, mr r eddy, f warren, s richards

Printed Extract from the Regulations in Connextion with an Application for a Mining Lease, a Water Right Licence, or a Licence to Treat Tailings. Also included is a pink Application for Lease and three yellow Notice of Application for a Mining Lease. Printed by A. C. Brooks, Government Printer, Melbourne and the front page, E. Condon, Secretary for Mines.document, gold, mining reports, extract from the regulations, application for a mining licence, e condon, a c brooks government printer melbourne

This item was in a cabin trunk that belonged to Henry Frencham which also included his Petition to Parliament and the findings from the Parliamentary enquiry into his and other claims to be the first to find gold at Bendigo. Scalebuoy. Invented by Hartley Abbott and patented under the name of the Bendigo Electronic Company, made in various sizes & for different applications, such as to prevent scaling in the boilers at mines. When shaken in water, frictional forces between mercury and were said to activate electronic energy. Invented by Hartley Abbott & patented under the name of the Bendigo Electronic Company, made in various sizes & for different applications, such as to prevent scaling in the boilers at mines. Made up of a sealed glass bulb containing mercury and gasses enclosed within a chromed wire cage & with a chromed handle. The one shown being a hand held shaker model.henry frencham, scalebouy

Printed document Mines Act 1890, Alteration of Regulations. Refers to an addition to clause 20 of the Regulations relating to licenses to cut, construct, and use races, drains, dams, and reservoirs. The additional Regulations shall extend to all Water-right Licenses. Document is part of the Albert Richardson Collection. document, gold, mining reports, mines act 1890 alteration of regulations, mr munro, mr shiels, sir f t sargood, mr duffy, mr wheeler, mr davies, mr outtrim, mr fraser, g wilson brown, robt s brain

The design of the bottle is called a Codd, sometimes referred to as a marble bottle or "Codd's patent bottle". During the mid-to-late 1800s, there were many inventions to keep the fizz in carbonated drinks such as ginger ale, soda water, and fruit drinks. Hiram Codd, an English engineer invented a successful process that he patented as "Codd's patented globe stopper bottle" in 1872. The Codd-neck bottle (commonly called Codd or marble bottle) is manufactured in two parts. The body of the bottle is cast in two sections. At the time of joining the sections, glass marble and rubber seal are inserted into the neck section. The lip is then applied to the top of the bottle. The Codd bottle is filled upside down as the pressure of the gas from the carbonated liquid holds the marble up and out of the way. When the bottle stands upright the gas pushes the marble up against the washer, creating a firm seal to keep the fizz inside. The bottle is opened by pushing the marble down firmly to allow some of the gas to escape. The marble drops down and is caught in a depression formed in the neck. When the bottle is tilted to pour or drink the liquid the marble rests in a dimple. Two Ballarat miners, Evan Rowland and Robert Lewis started manufacturing mineral and aerated waters, bitters, cordials, and liqueurs in 1854, in a tent on the shores of Lake Wendouree Ballarat. Another 13 firms at that time employed manual operations, whereas they introduced Taylor's No. 1 machine that speeded up the process and laid the foundation for their fortune. Evan Rowland was a pioneer in the aerated water trade in Australia. He was born on August 2, 1826, in North Wales. In 1852, during the gold rush, he emigrated to Melbourne, and in 1854 he went to Ballarat and formed a partnership with Robert Lewis, the firm being called ‘‘Rowlands & Lewis’’. Their next step was to secure a supply of pure water. Using mineral Waters that they found via a natural spring at Warrenheip, Victoria. From the outset, the beverages made from this water gained repute and were in great demand. Their business prospered so well that in 1858 they were able to build a factory at the corner of Sturt and Dawson Streets, Ballarat, and to fit with the most up-to-date machinery then in use. By 1870 their business had increased so much and demand had grown to such an extent that Mr. Rowlands erected another factory, covering over an acre of ground at the corner of Dana and Doveton Streets, costing £13,000. The factory was fitted with the most modern equipment of the time to manufacture cordials and aerated water. In 1873 Rowlands established an agency at 116 Collins St, Melbourne, because the demand for the products of the Melbourne factory became so large. The company expanded to Sydney opening a factory at the corner of Burns & Hay Streets Darling Harbour obtaining spring water to supply this plant from Katoomba in the Blue Mountains. The water was brought to Sydney by rail. In the meantime, the Melbourne concern had progressed so rapidly that in 1888 a magnificent factory embodying all the latest ideas and equipment was built in King Street Melbourne. Robert Lewis was a fellow Welshman born in 1816, and he arrived in Port Phillip in 1853 and became a partner in the early day with Evan Rowland but with lesser and shorter involvement in the firm, from which he retired in 1876. Robert Lewis was perhaps better known as Ballarat's first mayor and a Member of the Legislative Assembly. He was a strong supporter of local charities, president/treasurer of the Eisteddfod Committee, a major force in the development of the Ballarat Hospital, and he was the mayor of Ballarat five times, the first in 1863, (having been a counsellor as early as 1859) and for the last time in 1881. Lewis died in 1884 of a stroke in Ballarat. Rowlands continued in the firm and invented and patented an improved soda water bottle. The water used in Rowlands products was filtered four times but his attempts to use local corks failed on quality grounds. He was a stickler for quality, which was so good that many outside Victoria were prepared to pay the 'premium' imposed by inter-colonial customs duty payable at that time. By the 1890s, Rowlands had factories in Ballarat, Melbourne, Sydney, and Newcastle. He died in 1894 but his company continued until well after the Second World War when it was sold to Schweppes. Bottles such as this popular brand, containing soda water, were often used on paddle steamers for refreshments.An early manufacturing process producing the first mineral waters in Australia was invented and developed by an early Welsh migrant to Australia. The Evan Rowlands story gives an insight into the early development of manufacturing industries in Australia that allowed their workers and the towns they were situated in to prosper and develop into what they are today. A good example of hand blown glass.Bottle; clear glass Codd neck bottle with small marble in top. Once contained soda water or soft drink. Manufactured in 1921 by E. Rowlands of Ballarat, Melbourne, Katoomba and Sydney. The bottle is 'recyclable' - the message on the base says that it remains the property of E. Rowlands Pty Ltd. Inscriptions on three adhesive labels at time of donation"E. ROWLANDS BALLARAT MELBOURNE KATOOMBA AND SYDNEY". Imprinted into bas "1921" "THIS BOTTLE REMAINS THE PROPERTY OF E. ROWLANDS PTY LTD" On adhesive labels (3) " 1921 ON BASE (LASTED 1924) CODD PATENT 702" "SMALL SIZE. MARBLE TOP SODA WATER PAPER LABEL. USED" "ON PADDLE STEAMERS. POPULAR BRAND"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, bottle, codd bottle, hiram codd, glass marble bottle, e. rowlands bottle manufacturer, soda bottle australia, early recyclable bottle, codd's patent bottle, marble bottle, refreshments, soda water, marble top, 1920s, codd patent 702, handmade, blown

BHS CollectionHandwritten notes from the Annual Report, Sec. for Mines & Water Supply for the Year 1904. Report mentions gold yield for the District of Bendigo and the Total for Victoria, quantity of ore treated, Value of gold per ounce for 1904 for Australian States, Yield of Gold for Bendigo Goldfield, the deep mines, winze in the New Chum Rly and Victoria Quartz, and the number of men employed in alluvial and quartz mining (gold) during 1904.document, gold, mining reports, annual report sec for mines & water supply 1904, gold yield, value of gold, deep mines, new chum railway, lazarus new chum, victoria quartz, north johnsons, lansells 180, shenandoah, new chum & victoria, new chum consolidated, gt extended hustlers, eureka extended, princess dagmar

Running through this reserve was one of Victoria's richest gold deep leads. From 1869 to 1896 this mine produced 216,000 ounces of gold, valued at over £885,000. The Timor area was mainly mined by the Duke and Timor Gold Mining Company, later known as Duchess of Timor, Duke, and Grand Duke. On 03 May 1869, at a traditional afternoon ceremony, the machinery was started and launched by the old process of 'giving it a name'. A baptismal ceremony was performed, with a Miss Eliza Watson dashing a bottle of champagne over the fly wheel on its first revolution and proclaiming its name to be 'The Galatea'. The mine here was renowned for the massive pumping engine it boasted. Imported from England, the massive Cornish pump was an improvement that was added in 1874. It had a 30 ton iron beam. The mine was the economic centre of this area, employing hundreds of men over its 27 years. At the height of its operation the company's proprietors boasted that nearly all the inhabitants of the nearby towns of Timor and Bowenvale depended on the mine for support. There were some tumultuous times at the mine, with periods of financial strife as well as accidents. When the pumps broke down in 1879 the mine flooded and remained out of action for two years. Mining was a dangerous occupation and a tragic accident in December 1883 claimed the lives of four men. As the ground here was so wet, pumping water out of the mine was crucial to safely reach the gold. It was this pumping engine, reported to be the largest of its kind in Australia, and comparable in size to just two others in the world, that was the key to the success of the Grand Duke mine. Many other smaller nearby mines also had their water pumped out. During the last seven years of the mine's operation it pumped out 2,000 gallons of water every minute, making this the longest and most continuous wet mine in the state. As well as the pump house and engine, there were four main shafts, 12 Cornish flue boilers, eight iron puddling machines and one battery of 20 heads. A massive pumping engine The arch before you is all that remains of the pump house that served to remove water from this mine. When mining started at Timor in the late 1860s the ground here was very wet. If miners were to have any success in reaching the gold they had to remove the water from the ground. To deal with this challenge the company imported a massive Cornish pumping engine from England to pump water out of the mine. It was reputed to be one of the best pumping engines in the world at the time. The engine generated 270 horsepower and its iron beam, weighing 30 tons, was the largest in Victoria. The beam of the large pumping engine see-sawed on this pump house wall to move the plunger or bucket in the pump up and down. The vertical cylinder was 80 inches in diameter with a stroke of 10 feet. The piston itself was eight inches in diameter and 17 feet high and the piston pump had a diameter of 22 inches. For such large engines a massive wall to support the beam was necessary. The piston operated on the downstroke and consequently the cylinder had to be anchored to a considerable foundation to overcome the weight of the pump rods in the shaft. The whole apparatus had to be contained in a tall building because of its vertical configuration. The pumping engine's building has beam walls six feet wide and over 26 feet long which rest on foundations 16 feet deep. The granite used to construct the arch was quarried at Mt Hooghly, some eight or nine kilometres away.Colour photographs of the Grand Duke Mine at Timor near Maryborough, Victoria.grand duke mine, timor, maryborough, mining, duke and timor gold mining company, duchess of timor

Handwritten extracts on a boiler explosion at Lansell & Muellers Comet Mine. 'Everything had been alright and there was plenty of water in the glass. When the boiler exploded it damaged a small part of the engine-house and tore the flue from end to end. The cause of the explosion could not be found, although it had stood the tests.'document, gold, mining accidents, boiler explosion at lansell & muellers comet mine, mining statistics, mines report 1884 page 43 & 44, william benson, james hall

Newspaper supplement to The Sun News Pictorial, Tuesday 30/9/1924 - "Victoria Country Centres - No. 4". Has extensive notes on Ballarat, its history, civic history, and personalities. or figures. Page 11 - photo from the Town Hall, Avenue of Honour Arch, rowing, Hospital including W J Hoare, R H Ramsey of the Ballarat Cricket Association, Mr Charlie Suffren, J R Jopling, R W Todd. Page 12 - Ballarat and district history, industry, statistics, School of Mines. Has a photo of the Lydiard St Methodist church. Page 13 - Civic Identities - A E Kenny, Frederick Brawn MLC, W R Elsworth, Frank Herman, Alex Bell MLC, notes on Ballarat Power supply ESCo and SECV - Yallourn vs local generation, and an advertisement for Tyler's men's clothing and house furnishings. Page 14 - Ballarat sports, Cr Robert Cooke, South St, Craigs Hotel, photo of Ballarat Woollen Mills, the observatory, and an advert for A M Heath, Booksellers, stationer. Page 15 - Advert for Barlow Motors, Mining exchange building, Buick and Vauxhall motor cars Page 16 - South St competition adverts, schools, Mayor Levy, W J Coghlan, railway and wheat traffic, Myer's woollen mill, J T Walker furniture. Page 17 - advert to T M Burke - real estate - Forest St estate Page 18 - photos of the Executive's office, the Water Board - F Brown, A Farrer, W Brazenor, J C Fletcher, F W Saunders and G M Searle. Football league - A A O'Dea, W R Elsworth, J R Cooke, Cr F Besemeres. Brind's Diestillery of Dunnstown - Frank Brind and Harold Gill. W Ware boxing. Photos of St Andrew's Kirk and live livestock market with Graeme Dowling, Gold diggings. Page 19 - Council officers - G F Morton, A Levy, H Finch, J Pascoe, C J Liddiard, W McIntosh, W P Pryor and E R Marchani. South St Society W W Harris, W H Pearson, W S Sampson, A A King, F J Martell, F S Herman, A A O'Dea. Photos of Woollen mill, Sunshine biscuits, Ballarat Water pipe, Golf Club, Ballarat High School, Bridge St with tram and Golden Point monument. Page 20 - notes on racing, red cross - Mrs James Coghlan, fire brigade, sewerage scheme. Photo of Ballarat Freezing Co meat works with adverts for Craig's Hotel and the Ballarat Trustees Executors & Agency Co. Page 21 - General items re Tylers, city of statues, George Hotel, Barlow's cars, Eva Chemist, Dr W A Spring - racing, with an advert for Millers the Clothiers, Page 22 - Ballarat streets, Adam Lindsay Gordon cottage in grounds of Craig's Hotel, Miller's clothing store, with adverts for the Annual Spring agricultural show, and EVA's pharmacy. Page 23 - Photo of Sturt and Lydiard St with two trams, one possibly 13 in an accident with a motor car, photos of McDonald gates, Loreto Abbey with a racing people - Dave Barry, C L Fox, andHarry McGoldrick. Has adverts for Gribble suits and J T Walker furnishers. Page 24 - notes on real estate, stock agents, with photos of Miss McDonald of Red Cross, Mr and Mrs James Allan, Mr H H Osborne, and an advert for Sunshine Biscuits. Page 25 - Photos of the School of Mines, Orphanage, football crowd and Miss D Balten and Miss K Kennedy tennis with adverts for Macleod and Booth stock and station agents and The George Hotel. Page 26 - advert for Melbourne Sub-division company - Capitol House Melbourne.Yields information about Ballarat, its civic history, and personalities in 1924.Newspaper, 16 printed pages with photographs.ballarat, ballarat history, civic history, tramways, accidents

BHS CollectionTyped copy of what appears to be a speech. Mentioned is that after 1910 the Commonwealth took over the minting it's own money. Gold mining was chosen for the one pound note and a Bendigo scene was chosen. The scene chosen shows boring operations in the Victoria Quartz Mine. The picture was taken by Vincent Kelly of the five figures but for engraving only three were shown. They were Mr W Healy, Mr J Smith and Mr James Beverage. James Beverage was a member of Bendigo's first fire brigade. He went to Beechworth for a demonstration and on the way home stopped at Christie's Hotel in Swanston Street. There was a fire at the hotel and Mr Beverage rescued Mrs Christie, her baby and a servant. At a later date Mr Beverage saved a woman from a burning building in Moore Street in Bendigo. He received the Royal Humane Society's Medal which is now housed at the Bendigo Fire Station in Hargreaves Street. In the City's formative years the area that deposited its rain water into the Long Gully Creek was considered to be in Long Gully and for many years the Victoria Quartz Mine deposited many thousands of gallons of water into the Long Gully Creek. Mr Steve Gibbons unveiled the plaque.bendigo, history, long gully history group, the long gully history group - banknotes and james beverage, victoria quartz mine, vincent kelly, shepard's bush, mr rickards, mr abraham, mr w healy, mr j smith, mr james beverage, south iron bark mine, rae's hill, sandhurst no 1 fire brigade, christie's hotel, mrs christie, royal humane society's medal, bendigo fire station, long gully history group, mr steve gibbons, department of environment water heritage, arts commnmoration of historic events and famous persons