This book follows on from the revised edition of "First Two Years Geometry" and contains all the geometry for the intermediate certificate and trigonmetry included in the syllabus during the mid 20th century. This would have been used by students of the Kiewa Valley.This book show us the type of maths that was taught in Victorian schools in the mid 20th century. Students from Mt Beauty Elementary High School would have used this book. Therfore has historical and research significance. The book has the name G Davies, which is a local family and therefore has social significance. As this is part of our school book collection it has good interptive capacityThe book has a brown cover with light brown striped pattern along the edge of the front cover. Black writing on front for name and light brown writing stating author and publisher. Has a light brown gemonetry pattern on front cover and logo of printer on each corner.Name of G Davies Form 111 in red pen on inside page.book, school, geometry, educational, math, mt-beauty-elementary, wilma davies

This garment provides a good example of the mode of dress that young girls (4yo) wore in the Kiewa Valley circa 1920's early 1940'sHistorically this blouse details the fashion of this era. The simplicity of the cut of the blouse is offset by cotton lace and anglais stitching and piping. piercing colours for youngsters was not in vogue and home made clothing was a greater necessity in the Kiewa ValleyBlouse white cotton/linen for girl. Front opening with four button holes, no buttons. Blouse has set in sleeves, top flares out over hips size approx four(will fit 4 year old), long sleeves with broderie anglais cotton lace on edge of cuffs, piping where sleeves join bodicelace, garment, blouse, broderie, anglais

Pen was probably last used in one of the schools in the Kiewa Valley. The plastic shaft suggests this pen was at the time when fountain pens started to emerge. The dip pen was becoming outdated and too slow for a faster pace of written communicationsHistorically and socially this form of written communication was becoming too slow for a faster pace of commerce and life. Circa 1950s onwards the level of the written word increased by the proportion of literacy among the populous in the Kiewa Valley Plastic shaft black coloured pen with metal nib (non drip). Nib is removable, fastened to shaft by strategically placed slotseducation, writing, literacy, ink well, school writing implements, pen, nib

Historically this item represents women's fashion in the 1920s to 1950s. As the material used in the construction is not of a high monetary value it can be assumed it was a day to day working woman apparel to keep the hat firmly fastened into the hair. It does indicate that fashion of the time was important within the regionThis item is a reflection of both the fashion mode of the 1920s to 1950s when long hair needed to be controlled by hair pins rather than later manufactured hair sprays. It is also an example of society's mores of tidiness and quasi religious beliefs of covering the hair and head when outdoors This item is similar as the one worn by the "Queen Mother" in the film "The Kings' Speech"Silver coloured pin with a thistle shaped head also in silver/chrome colour. Sleek in appearancemillinery, costume, pin hat accessories, female hair restrainer

Historically this item represents women's fashion in the 1920s to 1950s. As the material used in the construction is not of a high monetary value it can be assumed it was a day to day working woman apparel to keep the hat firmly fastened into the hair. It does indicate that fashion of the time was important within the regionThis item is a reflection of both the fashion mode of the 1920s to 1950s when long hair needed to be controlled by hair pins rather than later manufactured hair sprays. It is also an example of society's mores of tidiness and quasi religious beliefs of covering the hair and head when outdoorsThis hat pin has a turquoise glass ball head with a long needle. It is in the same style as items KVHS 0358 and KVHS 0359.millinery, costume, pin hat accessories, female hair restrainer

Historically this item represents women's fashion in the 1920s to 1950s. As the material used in the construction is not of a high monetary value it can be assumed it was a day to day working woman apparel to keep the hat firmly fastened into the hair. It does indicate that fashion of the time was important within the regionThis item is a reflection of both the fashion mode of the 1920s to 1950s when long hair needed to be controlled by hair pins rather than later manufactured hair sprays. It is also an example of society's mores of tidiness and quasi religious beliefs of covering the hair and head when outdoorsThis hat pin has a yellow/amber glass ball head. It in is the same style to KVHS 0357 and KVHS 0359clothing, millinery, costume, women hat accessory

Historically this item represents women's fashion in the 1920s to 1950s. As the material used in the construction is not of a high monetary value it can be assumed it was a day to day working woman apparel to keep the hat firmly fastened into the hair. It does indicate that fashion of the time was important within the regionThis item is a reflection of both the fashion mode of the 1920s to 1950s when long hair needed to be controlled by hair pins rather than later manufactured hair sprays. It is also an example of society's mores of tidiness and quasi religious beliefs of covering the hair and head when outdoorsA long hat pin with a royal blue glass head. It is in the same style to items KVHS 0357 and KVHS 0358clothing, millinery, costume, women hat accessory

The Bogong Township (circa 1930s) was constructed by The State Electricity Commission of Victoria as a base camp for construction workers under the Kiewa Hydroelectric Scheme starting in 1938. The Scheme employed 4000 men during its construction phase. A small number were first housed at Bogong Village and when required the Mount Beauty Township was established(1949). Construction at the dams and Power Stations was interrupted during World War II. June 1951 started construction at full pace. The Bogong Township was developed firstly as an accommodation centre (base camp) for construction workers employed under the Kiewa Hydroelectric Scheme. Due to the influx of European workers into the Township the beautification of the immediate surrounds(gardens etc.) had a distinct European flavour. This environment has been very beneficial for tourism in later years. Strict environmental control has not allowed for any extensive redevelopment in tourist accommodation and basically restricted it to the accommodation initially built for the construction workers. Activities such a bike riding, snow skiing, restricted horse riding and bush walking on the Alpine plains and mountains are now a viable part of the Kiewa Valley Tourist Industry.Scanned copy of original black and white photo. Paper manufacturer is Kodak. Paper is Kodak XtraLife II.On reverse side "Kodak ExtaLife II paper"bogong village, bogong township, sec alpine constructions, victorian alpine tourism, winter sports.

This promotional photograph by the Tobacco Growers Association was in response to a 1935 meeting of tobacco growers from Victoria, South Australia and Queensland which produced four major resolutions for the industry covering the remainder of the 1900s. These four resolutions were: (1) Adequate tariff protection (2) Control of pests and diseases (3) Orderly marketing (4) The formation of an advisory council of growers. History has produced the following results. (1) adequate tariff protection was never achieved,(2) control of disease through benzol vapour (CSIRO) breakthrough, was later identified as carcinogenic, (3) orderly marketing was achieved through (4) the establishment of the Tobacco Growers Association(19840. In October 2006, by way of Government buy back of tobacco leases from growers, resulted in the end of Tobacco farming in Australia (after 136 years of planting the first crop). It was also significant that the major tobacco companies such as Philip Morris and The British American Tobacco Australasia advised the industry that it would source its tobacco requirements overseas by 2009.The remnants of the Tobacco Industry can still be viewed throughout the Kiewa Valley and adjacent regions on the former tobacco farms which still have the tobacco drying sheds and now converted into hay sheds. The problems from the large quantities of carcinogenic infused soil of farmlands in the region, still remains a problem now and for future generations. This particular photograph shows the lack of understanding by farmers and the contracted labour, at that time, and is demonstrated by the lack of protection of hands when handling the tobacco leaves and nose from tobacco dust. Hand and foot protection was rarely used, even when later warnings were issued of the carcinogenic toxicity of the soil. The majority of farm owners, up until Health authorities stepped in the later stages of 1900s, were skeptical of city scientists' "carcinogenic" health warnings and it was only after the younger generation of farmers, who had graduated from Agricultural colleges, encompassed the scientific approach to farm management. The "she'll be right mate" attitude of the farming/rural community has since the 1970s been slowly dissipating. Stricter controls of herbicides and pesticides used in agriculture are now in force. The death of the tobacco industry(2006) resulted in the expansion of the dairy , sheep, beef cattle, venison and lama wool producers in the Kiewa Valley and surrounding regions.Coloured photograph pasted onto a thick wood chip backing. Two galvanised eyelets at the top of the frame, 50mm from each end, with a twine cord stretch from each, for hanging purposes. See also KVHS 0054A to KVHS 0054D and KVHS 0054Ftobacco, farming, rural industry, licences, ollie mould, blue mould, benzol vapour, photograph

This promotional photograph by the Tobacco Growers Association was in response to a 1935 meeting of tobacco growers from Victoria, South Australia and Queensland which produced four major resolutions for the industry covering the remainder of the 1900s. These four resolutions were: (1) Adequate tariff protection (2) Control of pests and diseases (3) Orderly marketing (4) The formation of an advisory council of growers. History has produced the following results. (1) adequate tariff protection was never achieved,(2) control of disease through benzol vapour (CSIRO) breakthrough, was later identified as carcinogenic, (3) orderly marketing was achieved through (4) the establishment of the Tobacco Growers Association(19840. In October 2006, by way of Government buy back of tobacco leases from growers, resulted in the end of Tobacco farming in Australia (after 136 years of planting the first crop). It was also significant that the major tobacco companies such as Philip Morris and The British American Tobacco Australasia advised the industry that it would source its tobacco requirements overseas by 2009.This particular photograph shows prospective buyers (from the major processing firms of Philip Morris and British American Tobacco Australasia) inspecting the dried tobacco leaves at the Melbourne sales, before 2009, when they moved to overseas growers.The remnants of the Tobacco Industry can still be viewed throughout the Kiewa Valley and adjacent regions on the former tobacco farms, which still have the former tobacco drying sheds but now converted into hay sheds. The death of the tobacco industry(2006) resulted in the expansion of the dairy , sheep, beef cattle, venison and lama wool producers in the Kiewa Valley and surrounding regions. The problems from the large quantities of carcinogenic infused soil of farmlands in the region, still remains a problem now and for future generations. The tighter restrictions of where the final product can be smoked and the higher tax levied (no tariff protection) was the main contributor to this one time lucrative industry's demise.Coloured photograph pasted onto a thick wood chip backing. Two galvanised eyelets at the top of the frame, 50mm from each end, with a twine cord stretch from each, for hanging purposes. See also KVHS 0054A to KVHS 0054EA sign, which has been removed from the picture at some previous point in time is "Tobacco sale floor"tobacco, farming, rural industry, licences, ollie mould, blue mould, benzol vapour, photograph

This SEC cook book was produced circa 1950s when the Kiewa Hydro Electricity Scheme and its Commission was in full swing. The Commission had constructed two settlements, Mount Beauty and Bogong Village to house construction workers and their families in a "closed" community. These "closed" communities were for SEC staff and construction workers only. Entry into these villages was restricted to "SEC pass" carrying construction staff and their families. All facilities such as retail, sporting and other community services was provided by the SEC. This created an isolated community in which limited individual choice or administrative family leeway was available. It was a typical company town (live and work for the company). The Company was in the Kiewa Valley constructing power stations for the Kiewa Hydro Electricity Scheme of Victoria. In one way the individual did not need to be concerned with living costs, educational needs for children, and recreational amenities and therefore "normal" community survival /living methods did not apply. This living, although restrictive, was quite simple. When the scheme was completed, in 1961, marking the end of company town, caused some of the employees, who had enjoyed the "controlled" township environment, a fair degree of angst in having the new 'laissez-faire" controls thrust upon them. This was magnified when both Mount Beauty and Bogong Village became meshed into the Bright Shire, vis-a-vis, local government. This cook book is a prime example of " the company is looking after you" and leave the worrying to us. This environment of a "company town", which creates the atmosphere of minimal personal responsibilities, is still present in a few remote mining towns in Australia at the beginning of the 21st Century.This book is a classical example of the psychological control in which the company had its construction workers families living in. The motto of many companies who had employees in isolated regions was "keep them happy". A happy and contented worker is a more productive worker. This was a period in time (1950s to 1970s) when social psychology was gaining recognition in the Australian workforce as well as internationally. At the end of the construction of all the power stations both the Mount Beauty settlement and the Bogong Village became more integrated into the main stream of rural Australia environment. Development of tourism in the region opened up not only interaction with a greater cross section of the ever expanding type of Australian but also the overseas based non rural culture tourist or immigrant. It allowed the intermingling of ideas in a non company controlled environment. The Mount Beauty and Bogong Village has, and even up to the 3000 Millennium, the same housing construction, as was built by the SEC. There has only been a very gradual change to modern domestic architectural home styles. This SEC cookbook has a folded cover with two staples at the spine, securing eight double sided pages. The white pages contain black print and sketches(3), and one black and white photograph (of the author). The front cover is mainly orange in colour with a gradual fading into yellow(at the top). The cover is approximately 210 g/m2 in thickness and each page is approximately 90 g/m2 thick. Front cover: top of page "SEC Cook Book of Family Favourites", in the middle a sketch, black on orange background, of a smiling mother walking from the kitchen to the dining table with a steaming rolled roast and vegetables in one hand and a gravy pot in the other. The furniture and decor relates to the 1950s. Below this sketch is printed"SEC TESTED RECIPES NO. 16" Inside cover: on top of the page is a black and white sketch of a pineapple, apple pear fish with scales, bunch of grapes with leaves a pork roll (head of pig one end and a roll ending on the other, on top of this food arrangement rests a fruit pie. Below this sketch are printed in black print the books contents.The first side of the first page is a black and white photograph Mary Dunne, the SEC Home Service supervisor who provided a signed foreword. The inside back cover has a promotional segment detailing a black and white photograph of a smiling (and happy) couple in the foreground with an electric stove in the distance. The written motto below this photograph is" to Live better -and save money they'll join the Power People. "the new tariff is(1960s) - First 75kWh --6 cents per kWh Next 435 kWh---2.3 cents per kWh Balance --1.7 cents per kWh The rate per killowatt-hour for the final block drops from 2.1 cents to 1.7 cents --a reduction of 19%.cooking recipes circa 1950s, domestic food, sec victoria cook books, recipes circa 1950s

This extract from an advertisement in the Sydney Morning Herald newspaper of 1/12/1959 places the era in which this water bag was prolific throughout rural Australia. " ABERDEEN CANVAS GOODS for the man on the land here is Australia's most useful, convenient and hygienic water bag. Its special unbreakable plastic nozzle is fitted with a perforated filter strainer. Made from long flax canvas, its universal handle enables it to be hung on bumper bar, wire fence or on hook or nail" The availability of clean cool drinking water in remote rural locations was essential for survival under the blistering Australian summer sun. This was in a pioneer era when transport, roads and convenience stores were ,in a lot of "outback" Australia, in short supply and survival was dependent upon what could be carried by vehicle or pack horse.When the Kiewa Hydro Electricity Scheme became a reality, the use of the water bag was one of the essential personal items of survival given to each person working in the forests and on and in the high plains environment. Even in an outside stationary work place the availability of cool clean water was a prerequisite. The canvas water bag allowed any wind or airflow to cool down the water, even on very hot days, to provide a refreshing and throat quenching supply of water. These bags could be fastened onto the front of vehicles or hanging from shady tree branches thereby permitting air flow around the bag. During the "wearing in" period the residual taste from the canvas was fairly strong, this became considerably less as time and a half moved on. This "Aberdeen" long flax canvas water bag is held together on two sides and the top by strong heavy cotton stitching. The iron fashioned carrying handle has, protruding from its top elevation ,a very strong hook (well in excess of the bags' weight requirement). At the top, of the bag, and on one side only, is a brown coloured bakelite spout (with an inbuilt filter) protruding upwards. This spout has its matching , screw on, lid complete with attachment chain (not fixed at the handle end)On the front of the bad and stenciled in bold lettering, "ABERDEEN" and directly below "Travellers" and below this "FILTER BAG". Below this are two parallel black lines enclosing an ochre coloured band(12mm wide) running around the bottom section of the bag. Below this band is stenciled the number 14 in black (25mm high) figures. The spout lid has stamped on the top surface and within the outline of Australia, "ABERDEEN FILTER WATER BAG". Above this and close to the edge of the lid is pressed "PAT. No 9149/32 and down at the bottom rim is stamped "RD. No. 9870". canvas, water bag, water container, camping equipment, survival pack

Major Frank D. Stevens, RSL President and school boy Albert Feldbauer (youngest child of the children of the soldier fathers attending a school in the district) at the ceremony of turning the first sod for the Eltham War Memorial Infant Welfare Centre Building. Major Frank Stevens was later the Scout Commissioner of Heidelberg City Scout Groups from Fairfield railway gates to the intersection of Main Road at Hurstbridge.Eight original prints (21.5 x 18 cm - plus three duplicated) and one 10 x 15 cm colour print reproduction from a negative taken of original printalbert feldbauer, ceremonies, eltham, eltham war memorial building, fred griffiths, cr. fred squire, main road, major frank stevens, memorials, mrs dave lyon, mrs rains, war memorials, eltham infant welfare centre

Guyett & Sons Pty Ltd are a local family and business, in 2013 still operating as funeral directorsGuyett & Sons Pty Ltd complete Home Furnishers in Warrnambool Phone 438 and Port Fairy Phone 9Guyett & Sons Pty Ltd. Rectangular, mid brown card. Black printing of calendar and text with coloured scene. Two storey thatched cottage, cottage garden and distant village. 3 months 1949 and 3 months 1951calendar. token of appreciation for your patronage. furnishers, warrnambool. koroit. port fairy., guyett & sons

This type of folded postcards was popular with tourists in the 1940s, 50s, and 60s and often kept by them for many years afterwards. The views of Warrnambool here, taken about the 1950s, were typical of the Warrnambool postcards available at the time and were mass-produced as many examples survive today. They include photographs of Hopkins Falls, the beach and harbour, Liebig Street, Hopkins River, coastal scenery and the Botanical Gardens. These postcards are of some historical interest, though the photographs appear frequently in many publications. They also have a social significance showing what tourists bought 60 or more years ago.This is a packet in envelope form containing 12 coloured postcards of views of Warrnambool about the 1950s. The photographs are printed on buff-coloured paper and fold up to envelope size so that they can be sent by post. The front cover includes three dotted lines for the address and the back cover has a space to include the name of the sender. One page gives some general information on Warrnambool. Front cover: ‘A Souvenir of Beautiful Warrnambool’, ’12 Specially Selected Views in Full Color’ Back cover: ‘From…’ , ‘Published by Nucolorvue Productions, Elwood, Victoria’ tourism, warrnambool

Warrnambool State School, No, 1743 was opened in 1876. The site in Jamieson St was easy to access from the surrounding areas of Belfast, Woodford, and Allansford roads. It was the main school in Warrnambool, before the development of Primary schools at East and West Warrnambool. A large part of Warrnambool’s children have attended this school over the 140 years it has been in existence.A common item with which a large number of Warrnambool residents would identify. Brown woven woollen tie with diagonal yellow stripes. White tag with black and red writing sewn into back seam.Tee- Dee, pure wool, school and college wear. warrnambool, warrnambool jamieson street primary school, no 1743, school tie, warrnambool primary school

This style of first aid kit was marketed to local sports clubs, and is socially and historically significant.First Aid Kit, dark brown heavy cardboard case with metal corner and edge reinforcing and metal clips. Including collapsible wooden splint, boracic lint, gauze, linen sling, castor oil,sal volatile, anteseptic, band-aids, adhesive tape and snake bite instructions.first, aid, kit

These knitting pattern leaflets were published by Patons and Baldwins and contain knitting patterns for women's and men's garments. Patons & Baldwin began as two separate companies: J & J Baldwin and Partners, founded in the late 1770s by James Baldwin of Halifax, West Yorkshire, England, and John Paton Son and Co., founded in 1814 by John Paton of Alloa, Scotland. Both men had formed their businesses using the spinning mule developed by Samuel Crompton. They mainly produced yarns for commercial knitting machines. Patons established itself in Australia with its first mill built in Tasmania in 1923. For decades, Patons was the leading hand knitting yarn brand but due to the market conditions in the mid 1980's, Patons felt the decline and eventually amalgamated with Alliance Textiles, New Zealand in 1996. Patons Australia was acquired by Australian Country Spinners in 2000. Knitting has always had a great appeal to women, as it needs few tools. Companies which manufactured yarn often produced instruction guides and patterns. These pattern books are typical of the knitting pattern books commonly used in the mid 20th century. The patterns contained are for garments commonly worn at that time.Two knitting pattern books. Both are black / white and contain knitting patterns. 821.1 cost 7d, is titled "Patons Specialty Knitting Book No. 145" and has on the front cover a lady standing near a buggy wheel. 821.2 cost 1/3, is titled " Patons Knitting Book No. 394 (introducing Patons Double Quick Knitting)" and has has on the front cover a photograph of a man on a boat.knitting-patterns needlecraft patons-baldwin

The Herald was a broadsheet newspaper published in Melbourne, Australia from 1840 to 1990.This photo is a copy of a photograph taken by the Herald for publication.Orbost High School / Orbost Secondary College has played a significant part in the education of senior students in the Orbost district . It is the sole senior educational institution. This photograph is representative of its history.A black / white photograph of a group of students, most in uniform, standing in the quadrangle of the Orbost High School.on back - " Copyright, not for reproduction, Herald Feature Service, Melbourne, Australia".orbost-high-school herald-melbourne

Single page handwritten notes by unknown author briefly outlining family history of William and James Smith in Ringwood from 1868 to 1920. Page ends mid-sentence however no trace of subsequent page/s. Further information on the William and James Smith and family (expanding on these notes?), is contained in the book " A History of Croydon - Second Volume" by Muriel McGivern (pages 170-176) +Additional Keywords: Smith, William / Smith, James / Boardman / Pierce / Robason / antimony William and James Smith were credited for discovering antimony ore near the corner of Mt Dandenong Road and Maroondah Highway, with the main mine later developed by Pierce Boardman.

This report covers some of the eastern suburbs of Melbourne from 1834 to 1890 (approx). The early settlement of Nunawading, agricultural development, industries, residential development, institutions and hotels. Place names , churches and schools are also included4 pages of typed notes of the short history of Nunawading between 1834 and 1890 (approx) +Additional Keywords: Holland, Clisby, Williams, Riles, Polak,Schwerkolt, Smith, Rooks, Boyle, Sergeant, Matters, Ainger, Slater

Song sheet containing the words of the Winnington school song in Latin and English.; Front page: Winnington Grammar School AD ALTIORA/ "Vive, flore Winnington" Ringwood Street, Ringwood. R.S. STIEBEL Principal. +Additional Keywords: Stiebel, R SFront page: Winnington Grammar School AD ALTIORA/ "Vive, flore Winnington" Ringwood Street, Ringwood. R.S. STIEBEL Principal.